部编五年级小学英语阅读理解五大常见题型(附解题技巧)

部编五年级小学英语阅读理解五大常见题型(附解题技巧)
在小学阶段，阅读理解题型灵活多样，但主要有五种题型，不同的题型其实也是有不同解题技巧的。

一、读一读，然后选一选
这种题型的特点是在短文后给出若十个不完整的句子或若干个根据短文内容提出的问题，针对每一题都提供三到四个备选的答案，要求同学们在正确理解短文内容的基础上，从选项中选出一个正确的答案。

这类试题的问题一般是紧扣短文内容编排的，既会涉及文章中的细节内容，如文中出现的人物、时间、地点、事件的前因后果等；也会涉及文章中某个词或某个句子的含义以及文章的主旨、大意和标题等。

The big day comes at last!
Mrs Jones'third grade students are waiting quietly for her to come into the classroom. Today Amy brings some cakes, Joy brings some napkins, Carlos brings some soda water and Kate brings some cups. Everyone wants the party to he a surprise. Mrs Jones doesn't know the children have known today is her birthday. When she comes into the classroom, the children shout, “Happy birthday, Mrs Jones!”
And then the children get a surprise,too. Mrs Jones brings everyone a party hat and an ice cream!阅读短文，选择最佳答案。

( ) 1. Mrs Jones'grade students are waiting for her. A. three B.third C.No.3 D.the third
( ) 2. Carlos brings some一． A. cola B.napkins C.soda water D.cups
( ) 3． brings some cakes. A. Amy B.Carlos C.Joey D.Kate
分析
题1短文的第二句话告诉我们是琼斯老师的三年级的学生们正静静地等候她的到来。

在年级前面应该用序数词来表示，如果是在年级后面就应该用基数词表示。

如：the third grade,=Grade Three.同时因为前面有定语Mrs Jones'，所以这里也应该不要the。

题2.3 短文介绍了几个同学分别带了一些东西。

卡洛斯带了soda water（汽水），艾米带了蛋糕。

正确答案：1．B 2．C 3．A
二、读一读，然后判断句子正误
该题型的特点是在短文后给出若干个句子，要求同学们根据短文内容，判断所给的句子意思是否与原文相符。

做这类题应该联系短文内容进行发挥，主要是考查对意思相近或相反的几个句子进行鉴别、判断，或是变换词语、句子结构来测试同种意思的不同表达。

There are some public numbers. Do you know when to use these numbers? 110 is a number for calling policeman when you have niet some illegal things. 119 is a number using for a fire accident. 120 is a number for asking medical help when somebody is serious ill or hurt. Please do not dial these numbers for fun. It is forbidden. 阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F)。

( ) 1. When you meet some thieves, you can call 110.
( ) 2. Somebody is serious ill, you can call 119.
( ) 3. There is a fire ac:cident in vour building, so you can call 119.
( ) 4.A girl was hurt by a car, you can call 120.
分析
这篇短文是介绍几个常用电话号码的用法。

读懂就会判断句子的正误了。

题l 意思是当你遇到小偷的时候，你应该拔打110。

110是遇到违法事件时的报警号码，所以判断它是正确的。

题2意思是有人得了重病，你应该拔打119。

1 19是发生火灾时的求救号码，所以判断它是错误的。

题3意思是当你的房子发生了火灾，你应该拨打119。

可以判断它是正确的
题4意思是一个女孩被汽车撞了，你应该拔打120。

120是请求医疗急救的号码，应该先送她去医院+，所以可以判断它是正确的。

正确答案：1.T 2.F 3.T 4.T
三、读一读，然后回答问题
这种题型要求根据所提的问题写出完整、正确的句子。

这样的题目听起来似乎很难，其实真正做起来却很简单。

回答问题时，句子越简单越好，答案应简洁明了，能用一个词，就不用两个词，只要能说明问题就行。

There are seven days in a week. They are Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday. Sunday is the first day of the week. Saturday and Sunday are the weekend. Usually, we have a rest on the weekends. The other five days are weekdays. We usually go to school or work during weekdays. Nobody likes Monday, because we have a good time on Sunday and we don't want to study or work any more.
阅读短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。

1. How many days are there in a week?
2．What are they?
3. What is the first day of the week?
4．What is the weekend？
5. When do we usually go to school?
分析
题1 问一周有几天。

用一个seven就可以回答了。

题2问分别是哪几天。

短文第二句已经给我们答案了。

题3记住一周的第一天是星期天而不是星期一。

题4周末是星期六和星期天。

题5 问我们通常什么时候上学。

应该是工作日了。

正确答案：
1．There are seven.
2．They are Sunday, Monday, Tuesclay, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday.
3.Sunday.
4.Saturday and Sunday.
5.During weekdays.
四、读一读，然后根据短文内容填空
该题型的特点是在短文后给出一篇经过改写或缩写后与原短文意思相同的短文或几个句子，在短文或句子中均留有若干个空格，要求同学们在每一个空格处填上一个词，使短文或句子所表达的意思与原短文的内容一致。

The English people like take-away food. The most popular food is fish and chips. They usually go to a fish and chips shop. They put the food in paper bags, and take it home, or to their work place. At lunch time, many people eat takeaway food in thepark. Chinese take-away food is also very popular in England. People in the USA and Australia like Chinese take-away food, too. But the most popular food in the USA is fried chicken.
阅读短文，然后填空。

1. The most popular food in England is___.
2. They put the food in____ ,and take it home, or to their work place.
3. At lunch time, many people eat______food in the park.
4. Chinese take-away food is also very_ in England.
5. The most popular food in the USA is___一．
分析
题l 第二句话告诉我们最受英国人欢迎的食物是鱼和薯片。

题2第四句话告诉我们他们把食物装进纸袋里，然后带回家或工作的地方。

题3短文还告诉我们在午餐的时候，很多人喜欢在公园里吃可携带食物。

题4第二段告诉我们中国的可携带食物在英国也很受欢迎。

题5最后一句话告诉我们在美国，最受欢迎的食物是炸鸡。

正确答案：1．fish and chips 2．paper bags 3．take-away4．popular 5．fried chiken
五、读一读，然后画一画
该题型要求同学们先读懂短文，然后根据短文内容画与短文内容相关的。

要注意短文中提到的一些东西要在画中体现出来。

Aunt Mary is coming, but Tom's mother is too busy to pick her up. So she asks Tom to pick aunt Mary up. But Tom did not meet her for a long time. So his mother asks Tom to find as following: She is at the bus station. She is a tall woman with long blac:k hair. She is wearing a green dress, a brown hat and a pair of boots. She is holding a handbag. Can Tom find her'
l 根据汤姆的妈妈的描述给玛丽阿姨画一幅画，以便汤姆更容易找到她。

分析
短文的第二段告诉我们玛丽阿姨的肖像特点是：a tall woman with long black hair（长长的黑头发的高个子的妇女），wearing a green dress，a brown hat and a pair of boots（穿着一件绿色的裙子，头戴一顶棕色的帽子，脚穿一双靴子），holding a handbag（拿着一个手提包）。

读懂了这些，就不难画出这幅画了。

可不要忘记了涂色哦！
总之，英语阅读理解的解题技巧可以归纳为以下几点：
1．假如文章很长，题目很少，我们可以采取略读的方法先简单读一遍，然后带着问题去查阅，这样相信你一定能找到答案。

2．假如文章很短，而题目义很多的话，我们则应该先仔细阅读短文，再去做题。

遇到想不起来的，可以带着该问题去查阅有关细节。

3．如果问题要求解答数字、人名、地名、时间等，可以直接用查阅的方法来寻求答案，也可以先略读然后再查阅。

二、阅读理解
2．阅读理解根据短文内容判断正误。

There are four seasons in a year in China. March, April and May make the spring season. June, July and August make the summer season. September, October and November make the autumn season. December, January and February make the winter season.
Near the North Pole(北极) there are only two seasons. They are winter and summer. The nights in winter are very long. For more than two months you can't see the sun, even at noon. In summer the days are long. For more than two months the sun never sets, and there is no night.
In the tropics(赤道) there are also two seasons: a rainy season and a
Season.
（1）There are four seasons in the North Pole.
（2）In China. October is in the autumn season.
（3）The sun never sets in North Pole.
（4）In the North Pole, the nights in winter are very long.
（5）There is no night in the North Pole for more than two months in Summer.
【答案】（1）0
（2）1
（3）0
（4）1
（5）1
【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了中国的四季时间和南北极的两季。

（1）句意：北极有四个季节。

根据Near the North Pole there are only two seasons. 可知北极有二个季节。

故答案为错误。

（2）句意：在中国，十月是秋天。

根据September, October and November make the autumn season.可知在中国十月是秋天。

故答案为正确。

（3）句意：太阳从不落在北极。

根据In summer the days are long. 可知在北极夏天白天很长。

故答案为错误。

（4）句意：在北极，冬天的夜晚很长。

根据The nights in winter are very long. 可知在北极，冬天的夜晚很长。

故答案为正确。

（5）句意：在北极的夏季两个多月都没有夜晚。

根据 In summer the days are long. For more than two months the sun never sets, and there is no night. 可知在北极的夏季两个多月都没有夜晚。

故答案为正确。

【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。

3．阅读理解阅读判断。

ZhangLei is my friend . He is a student . He is eleven .He lives in
Shanghai . I often send postcards to him , and write an e-mail on a computer to him every week . I bought a present for him yesterday . It's a book about computer . I send it to him today . I think he can like it .
（1）ZhangLei is my friend .
（2）ZhangLei is twelve .
（3）I write an e-mail on a computer to him every day .
（4）I bought a book for ZhangLei yesterday .
（5）I think ZhangLei can like this book .
【答案】（1）1
（2）0
（3）0
（4）1
（5）1
【解析】【分析】大意：介绍我的好朋友张磊以及与他的日常联系。

（1）题干句意是张磊是我的好朋友。

根据ZhangLei is my friend可知，张磊确实是我的好朋友。

故选正确。

（2）题干句意是张磊是12岁。

根据He is a student . He is eleven可知，张磊是11岁。

故选错误。

（3）题干句意是我每天使用电脑给他写电子邮件。

根据write an e-mail on a computer to him every week可知，主人公每周写电子邮件给他。

故选错误。

（4）题干句意是我昨天给张磊买了一本书。

根据 I bought a present for him yesterday . It's a book about computer 可知，主人公昨天确实给张磊买了一本书。

故选正确。

（5）题干句意是我认为张磊能喜欢这本书。

根据It's a book about computer . I send it to him today . I think he can like it 可知，主人公确实希望这本有关于电脑的书籍张磊会喜欢。

故选正确。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

首先通读全文，了解大意。

其次阅读问题，根据题干信息，找出相关语句进行判断。

4．阅读理解读短文，判断下列句子是否正确。

The nature park is so big. There is a forest in the nature park. There are so many flowers. There is a lake between the flowers. There are many ducks on the lake. What a beautiful park it is!
（1）The nature park is so small
（2）There is a forest in the nature park.
（3）There are lots of flowers.
（4）There is a lake beside the flowers.
（5）There are many ducks on the lake.
【答案】（1）0
（2）1
（3）1
（4）0
（5）1
【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了自然公园的样子。

（1）句意：自然公园太小了。

根据 The nature park is so big. 可知自然公园太大了。

故答案为错误。

（2）句意：自然公园里有一片森林。

根据 There is a forest in the nature park. 可知自然公园里有一片森林。

故答案为正确。

（3）句意：有很多花。

根据 There are so many flowers. 可知有很多花。

故答案为正确。

（4）句意：花边有一个湖。

根据 There is a lake between the flowers. 可知花丛之间有一个湖。

故答案为错误。

（5）句意：湖上有许多鸭子。

根据There are many ducks on the lake. 可知湖上有许多鸭子。

故答案为正确。

【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。

5．阅读理解读短文，判断下列句子是否正确。

This is the kitchen of my house. It's big and nice. Look! My mother is cooking in it. Here is a big table. There are many things on it. What are these? Oh, they're apples. And what are those? They are bananas. Let me have an apple. Mmm, it's so sweet and delicious. Under the table, there are two toys. I like the yellow one. But my baby brother likes the red one. I'm helpful at home. I often help my mum clean the house.
（1）There's a big and nice kitchen in my house.
（2）There are some bananas on the table.
（3）The apple is sweet and delicious.
（4）There are two dogs under the table.
（5）My brother often helps my mum at home.
【答案】（1）1
（2）1
（3）1
（4）0
（5）0
【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了我家的厨房的样子。

（1）句意：我家有一个又大又漂亮的厨房。

根据 This is the kitchen of my house. It's big and nice. 可知我家有一个又大又漂亮的厨房。

故答案为正确。

（2）句意：桌子上有一些香蕉。

根据 They are bananas. 可知桌子上有一些香蕉。

故答案为正确。

（3）句意：苹果又甜又好吃。

根据 Let me have an apple. Mmm, it's so sweet and delicious. 可知苹果又甜又好吃。

故答案为正确。

（4）句意：桌子下面有两只狗。

根据 Under the table, there are two toys. 可知桌子下面有两只玩具。

故答案为错误。

（5）句意：我哥哥经常在家帮助我妈妈。

根据 I often help my mum clean the house. 可知我
经常在家帮助我妈妈。

故答案为错误。

【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。

6．阅读理解读短文，补全句子。

Hello! I'm Sarah. I'm a pretty girl. This is my room. There is a red bed in it. There is a yellow desk and a yellow chair near the bed. A black computer is on the desk. There is a pink water bottle on the desk, too. On the wall, there is a red clock. And a photo of me is on the wall, too. On the floor, there is a pink bike. Do you like my room? Please draw it for me.
（1）There is a ________ bed, a ________ desk and a yellow chair in my room.
（2）On the desk there is a black ________ and a pink ________ ________.
（3）On the wall, there is a red ________ and a ________.
（4）On the floor, there is a pink ________.
【答案】（1）red；yellow
（2）computer；water；bottle
（3）clock；photo
（4）bike
【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了莎拉的房间的样子。

（1）句意：我的房间里有一张……床，一张……课桌和一把黄色的椅子。

根据There is a red bed in it. There is a yellow desk and a yellow chair near the bed. 可知我的房间里有一张红色的床，一张黄色的课桌和一把黄色的椅子，red红色的，yellow黄色的。

故答案为red，yellow.
（2）句意：课桌上有一台黑色的……和一个粉红色的……。

根据A black computer is on the desk. There is a pink water bottle on the desk, too. 可知课桌上有一台黑色的电脑和一个粉红色的水瓶，computer电脑，water bottle水瓶。

故答案为computer，water bottle.
（3）句意：墙上有一个红色的……和一张……。

根据 On the wall, there is a red clock. And a photo of me is on the wall, too. 可知墙上有一个红色的钟和一张照片， clock钟，photo照片。

故答案为clock，photo.
（4）句意：地板上有一辆粉色的……。

根据 On the floor, there is a pink bike. 可知地板上有一辆粉红色的自行车，自行车bike。

故答案为bike.
【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，首先通读短文，理解大意；其次阅读题干，根据题干信息写出恰当的单词填空。