2020-2021年高三英语下学期第一次模拟考试试题(含解析)

高三英语放学期第一次模拟考试一试题（含分析）
一、单项选择题
1. — Tony, do remember to send the report to the sales manager!
—________.
A. Made it
B.Got it
C. Heard it
D. Followed it
【答案】 B
【考点】情形社交及习惯表达
【分析】【剖析】句意：——Tony,务必记得给销售经剪发送这份报告。

——理解。

A. Made it “成功了”； B. Got it “理解”； C. Heard it “听闻了”； D. Followed it “跟从它”。

依据语境可推知表示赞同，应选B。

【评论】考察情形社交，划分 Made it ；Got it ；Heard it 和 Followed it 的含义和使用环境。

2.She is quite ________ to office work. You had better offer her some suggestions
when necessary.
A. familiar
B.
similar C.fr esh D.sensitiv
e
【答案】 C
【考点】形容词的词义辨析
【分析】【剖析】句意：她刚到办公室工作，你最幸亏必需时供应给她一些建议。

A. familiar “熟习的”； B. similar“相像的”；C. fresh“新鲜的，新的”；D. sensitive“敏感的”。

给建议是因为她是一个新人。

应选C。

【评论】考察形容词词义辨析，划分familiar；similar；fresh和sensitive的含义。

3.We'd better take umbrellas—I'm sure it ________ when we arrive in London; it's
always wet there at this time of year.
A. will rain
B. is raining
C. will be raining
D.would rain
【答案】 C
【考点】未来进行时
【分析】【剖析】句意：我们最好带上雨伞。

我一定当我们抵达伦敦时，天气会下雨，每年
这个时候那边都是湿润的。

依据 when we arrive 表示未来的时间，在那个时候向来做某事，用未
来进行时。

应选 C。

【评论】考察时态，此题波及未来进行时。

4. — Fiona never fails to grasp any chance of promotion.
—She's a woman of ________.
A. ambition
B. attention
C. expectation
D.reputation
【答案】 A
【考点】名词辨析
【分析】【剖析】句意：——菲奥纳从没有在荣膺时机中失败过。

——她是一个有壮心志向
的女子。

A. ambition “壮心，志向”； B. attention“注意”； C.expectation “希望”；
D. reputation “名望”。

依据上一句说她从没有在荣膺时机中失败过，推测她是个壮心志
向的女子。

应选 A。

【评论】考察名词词义辨析，划分ambition ； attention；expectation和reputation的含义。

5.________ terrible, the medicine was thrown away by the child.
A. Tasted
B.Tasting
C. To taste
D.Being tasted
【答案】 B
【考点】分词，非谓语动词
【分析】【剖析】句意：这类药尝起来特别难吃，被这个孩子抛弃了。

主语是medicine，taste 与主语是主动关系，并且taste是系动词无被动，所以用此刻分词，应选B。

【评论】考察非谓语动词，此题波及此刻分词作原由状语。

6. — Ken, ________, but your radio is going too loud.
—Oh, I'm sorry. I'll turn it down right now.
A. I hate to say it
B. It doesn't hurt to ask
C. I' m really tired of it
D. I'm crazy about it
【答案】 A
【考点】情形社交及习惯表达
【分析】【剖析】句意：——Ken，我不想说，你的收音机声音太大了。

——啊，我很对不起，
我立刻把它调低一点。

A. I hate to say it “我不肯意说”； B. It doesn't hurt to ask“问
一问不妨”； C. I'm really tired of it“我真的很讨厌”； D. I'm crazy about it“我
对它很入迷”。

依据语境推知，应选A。

【评论】考察情形社交，划分I hate to say it；It doesn't hurt to ask；I'm really
tired of it和I'm crazy about it的含义和使用环境。

7.This book is said to be the special one, which ________ many events that cannot
be found in other history books.
A. covers B . writes C.
prints D.
reads
【答案】 A
【考点】动词的词义辨析
【分析】【剖析】句意：听说这本书是很特别的，它波及了好多其余历史册中找不到的事件。

A. covers “包含，波及，论及”；
B. writes“写”；
C. prints“印刷”；
D. reads“阅读”。

书中内容应当是波及好多事件，应选A。

【评论】考察动词词义辨析，划分cover ； write ； print和read的含义。

8. — Next week I will go to a job interview, will you give me some suggestions?
—Smiling is a great way to make yourself ________.
A. stand out
B. turn
out C. work
out D. pick out
【答案】 A
【考点】动词短语的辨析
【分析】【剖析】句意：——下周我要参加工作面试，您能给我一些建议吗？——浅笑是让
你自己崭露头角的很好的方法。

A. stand out“惹眼，出众”； B. turn out“结果是”；
C. work out“解决”；
D. pick out“挑出”。

工作建议能够帮助人们崭露头角，应选A。

【评论】考察动词短语辨析，划分stand out；turn out；work out和pick out的含义。

9. — What's wrong with you?
—Oh, I am sick. I ________ so much ice cream just now.
A. shouldn't eat
B. mustn't eat
C. couldn't have eaten
D. shouldn't have eaten
【答案】 D
【考点】神态动词havedone 的用法
【分析】【剖析】句意：——你怎么了？——我患病了，我方才不该当吃那么多冰激凌。

A. shouldn' t eat “不该当吃”； B. mustn't eat“严禁吃”；C. couldn't have eaten“不
可能吃”； D. shouldn't have eaten “原来不该当吃”。

依据just now可知，是发生在过去，应选D。

【评论】考察神态动词和虚构语气，掌握shouldn't have done的用法。

10. — Mum, is the pair of gloves ________ mine?
—Yes. You have to wear another pair.
A. washing
B. have washed
C. being washed
D.having washed
【答案】 C
【考点】动词的语态，此刻进行时
【分析】【剖析】句意：——妈妈，这双正洗的手套是我的吗？——是的。

你不得不带另一
双了。

依据下文可知，手套是正在被洗，用此刻进行时的被动，应选C。

【评论】考察时态语态，此题波及此刻进行时的被动语态。

is not an economical way to get more water; ________, it is very expensive.
A. worse still
B. on the contrary
C. in short
D.in addition
【答案】 B
【考点】固定短语
【分析】【剖析】句意：这不是一种获取更多水的经济方法，相反，它特别昂贵。

A. worse still “更糟的是”； B. on the contrary “相反”； C. in short “总之”； D. in addition“此外”。

前后句意思相反，应选B。

【评论】考察短语辨析，划分 worse still ； on the contrary ；in short 和 in addition 的含义。

12.Breaking up is the business of the two lovers, ________ no other person should
be involved.
A. which
B.
in
that C.that
D. in which
【答案】 D
【考点】“介词关系代词（ which/whom)”指引定语从句的用法
【分析】【剖析】句意：分手是两个相爱的人的事，其余人不该当卷入。

先行词是前方一句
话，“被卷入”用be involved in，in介词提早，关系代词要用which ，应选 D。

【评论】考察定语从句，此题波及“介词+which”指引的非限制性定语从句。

until the end of the performance ________ the chance to take photos with the respectable actor.
A. the audience got
B. the audience had got
C. did the audience get
D. had the audience got
【答案】 C
【考点】一般过去时，倒装句
【分析】【剖析】句意：直到表演结束，观众们才有时机和这位受人尊敬的演员合影。

not until
位于句首时，主句用部分倒装，表演结束提示用一般过去时，A、B 两项都没有倒装，应选 C。

【评论】考察倒装句和时态，此题波及一般过去时和not until位于句首时，主句用部分
倒装的构造。

14.The new teacher was so well-organized that she began ________ we stopped yesterday
so that no point was left out.
A. when
B.i
n
which C. how
D. where
【答案】 D
【考点】地址状语从句
【分析】【剖析】句意：这位新老师条理特别清楚，她从我们昨天停止的地方开始，没有遗
漏重点。

这里不是定语从句，因为没有先行词，所以不可以用in which；表示昨天我们停止
的地方，表地址，要用where，应选 D。

【评论】考察状语从句，此题波及where 指引的地址状语从句。

15.I regret not having taken your advice. Otherwise I ________ this mistake at the
moment.
A. didn't make
B. wouldn't
make C.hadn't
make D. wouldn't have made
【答案】 B
【考点】虚构语气
【分析】【剖析】句意：我懊悔没有采用你的建议。

不然，我此刻不会犯这么多错误。

Otherwise
表示“不然”，隐含一种条件在里面，此刻这“条件”是不真切的，用虚构语气；主句中
at the moment表示此刻，对此刻的虚构用would+ 动词原形，应选B。

【评论】考察虚构语气，此题波及对此刻的虚构。

二、完形填空
16. 阅读下边短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出能够填入空白处的
最正确选
项。

John's parents acquired the washer when he was a small boy. It happened during World War Ⅱ . His family never 1 a washing machine and, since gasoline was expensive, they could not 2 trips to the laundry several miles away. Keeping clothes 3 became a problem for young John's household.
A family friend joined the army, and his wife 4 to go with him. John's family 5 to store their furniture while they were away. To the family's 6 , the friend suggested they use their Bendix. So
this is how they 7 the washer.
Young John helped with the washing, and across the years he 8 a love for the old, green Bendix. But 9 the war ended. When the friends came to take it back, John grew terribly 10 . His
mother 11 him and said. "You must remember, that machine
12 belonged to us in the first place. That we ever got to use it at all was
a gift. So, instead of being mad at it being taken 13 , let's use this
14 to be grateful that we had it at all."
The lesson turned out 15 . Years later, John watched his
eight-year-old daughter die a slow and painful death of leukemia ( 白血病 ). Though he 16 for months with her death, John could not begin getting over from the 17 until he remembered the old Bendix.
His daughter was a 18 . When he realized the simple fact,
everything changed. He could now begin recovering from the death of his daughter.
He started to see her as a marvelous gift that he was fortunate enough to 19 for a time. He felt 20 . He found strength and recovery.
He knew he could get through the valley of loss.
1. A. required B. repaired C. saw D. owned
2. A. afford B. take C. have D. ride
3. A. warm B. nice C. clean D. good
4. A. agreed B. prepared C. managed D. desired
5. A. decided B. offered C. expected D. promised
6. A. B.
C. sadness
D. regret
astonishment disappointment
7. A. bought B. got C. borrowed D. used
8. A. achieved B. reduced C. produced D. developed
9. A. obviously B. finally C. D. immediately peacefully
10. A. upset B. frightened C. hopeless D. confused
11. A. explained B. encouraged C. comforted D. taught
12. A. once B. already C. never D. hardly
13. A. out B. down C. up D. away
14. A. success B. event C. treasure D. chance
15. A.
C. necessary
D.
invaluable B. important
reasonable
16. A. thought B. struggled C. missed D. forgot
17. A. lesson B. illness C. loss D. difficulty
18. A. gift B. washer C. death D. loser
19. A. spend B. live C. share D. earn
20. A. grateful B. energetic C. relaxed D. happy
【答案】（1）D；（2）A；（3）C；（4）B；（5）B；（6）A；（7）B；（8）D；（9）B；（10）A；
（11） C；（ 12） C；（ 13）D；（ 14）D；（ 15） A；（ 16）B；（ 17）C；（18） A；（ 19） C；
（ 20） A；
【考点】记述文，人物故事类
【分析】【剖析】本文是一篇记述文，John 小时候由获取再到失掉洗衣机以及成年后痛失女
儿的经历，旨在告诉人们：应把以前拥有的人或事物看做是一种赏赐，不要因为失掉了他们而
深感烦恼，要为以前拥有过他们而心存感谢。

（1）考察动词。

A. required “要求”； B. repaire d“维修”； C. saw“看见”； D. owned“拥
有”。

依据下文提到因为汽油很贵，他们不可以去几里远的洗衣店，可推知他家里没有洗衣机。

应
选 D。

（2）考察动词。

A. afford “负担”； B. take “拿，取”； C. have“有”； D. ride “骑”。

依据上文提到因为汽油很贵可推知，他们负担不起去几英里远的洗衣店的路费。

应选A。

（3）考察形容词。

A. warm“暖和的”； B. nice “美好的”； C. clean “洁净的，干净的”； D.
good “好的”。

依据上文可知，因为他家里没有洗衣机，又负担不起去几英里远的洗衣
店的路费，所以保持衣服干净成了小约翰家的难题。

应选C。

（ 4）考察动词。

A. agreed “赞同”； B. prepared “准备”； C. managed“管理”； D.
desired “期望”。

依据下文可知，他们夫妇俩是一同走开的，并且还将家具存放在了约翰
家，所以这里的意思应是，他的老婆准备一同走开。

应选B。

（5）考察动词。

A. decided “决定”； B. offered “供应”； C. expected “预期，期望”；
D. promised “承诺”。

依据上文可知，因为是家里的朋友要去从军，所以这里应是约翰家
主动建议答应保存朋友的家具。

应选B。

（6）考察名词。

A. astonishment “吃惊，令人吃惊的事物”； B. disappointment “绝望”；
C. sadness “悲痛”；
D. regret “遗憾“。

依据上下文可知，因为约翰家没有洗衣机，所
以保持衣服整齐成了约翰家的难题，当朋友建议他们家使用他的奔迪克斯洗衣机时，他们应
该感觉很吃惊。

应选A。

（7）考察动词。

A. bought “买”； B. got “获取”； C. borrowed “借”； D. used “使
用”。

依据第一段第一句说约翰家获取洗衣机可知，此处表达所以这就是他们如何才有洗衣
机的。

应选B。

（8）考察动词。

A. achieved “抵达”； B. reduced “减少”； C. produced“生产”； D.
developed “发展”。

依据上文可知，因为这几年以来小约翰常常用洗衣机帮家里洗衣服，
所以应是对这台洗衣机发展出了感情。

应选D。

（ 9）考察副词。

A. obviously “显然地”； B. finally “最后，终于”； C. immediately “立
表达的是最后这场战争结束了。

应选B。

（ 10）考察形容词。

A. upset “悲伤的，丧气的”； B. frightened“惧怕的”； C. hopeless “无望的，无可救药的”； D. confused “疑惑的”。

依据上文约翰对这台洗衣机
产生了感情，以及此后朋友回来将洗衣机带走了可知，John 应当感觉特别悲伤。

应选A。

6
（11）考察动词。

A. explained “解说”； B. encouraged“鼓舞”； C. comforted “宽慰”；D. taught “教”。

依据上文约翰为失掉洗衣机而感觉悲伤，所以此处应是他母亲宽慰他。

应选 C。

（ 12）考察副词。

A. once“以前”； B. already “已经”； C. never “从未，决不”； D. hardly “几乎不”。

此处是母亲宽慰John 的话，此中in the first place意为“压根儿，从一开始”，此处要表达的意思是“洗衣机压根儿就不是属于我们的”。

应选C。

（ 13）考察副词。

依据上文洗衣机被带走了，母亲在宽慰约翰可知，这里的意思应是
“不可以因为它被带走了而恼火”， take away 固定短语“带走”，应选 D。

（14）考察名词。

A. success “成功”； B. event “事件”； C. treasure “财产，财产”；
D. chance “时机”。

承接上文可知，这里的意思是“让我们借这个时机为我们曾拥有过它
而心存感谢”。

应选 D。

（15）考察形容词。

A. invaluable “无价的，特别名贵的”； B. important “重要的”；
C. necessary “必需的”；
D. reasonable “合理的”。

依据下文可知，此处的意思是“数
年后，这一堂课证明了它的重要性，是无价的”。

应选A。

（16）考察动词。

A. thought “认为”； B. struggled “挣扎”； C. missed“错过”； D. forgot “忘掉”。

依据上文讲约翰8 岁的女儿死于白血病可推知，此处的意思应是“关于她
的死，他悲伤挣扎了几个月”。

应选B。

（ 17 ）考察名词。

A. lesson “课程”； B. illness“病”； C. loss“失掉”； D. difficulty“困难”。

依据下文提到了那台失掉的洗衣机可知，这里的意思应是“直到他想
起那台老式的奔迪克斯洗衣机，他才从失掉女儿的悲伤中走出来”。

应选C。

（18）考察名词。

A. gift “礼品”； B. washer“洗衣机”； C. death “死亡”； D. loser “失
败者”。

依据上文由他痛失女儿想到失掉的那台洗衣机，而母亲告诉他洗衣机是礼品，故可以推测，此处表达他理解了一个简单的事实，女儿是礼品。

应选A。

（19）考察动词。

A. spend“花销”； B. live “生活”； C. share “分享”； D. earn “挣
得”。

依据上文可知，当他想到失掉洗衣机时，母亲宽慰他的话，他便开始将失掉的女儿看
作是一份非凡的礼品，并为能与她共度一段光阴而感觉有幸。

这里表示分享，应选C。

（20）考察形容词。

A. grateful “感谢的”； B. energetic “精力充足的”； C. relaxed “放松的”； D. happy“快乐的”。

联合上文母亲宽慰约翰不要因为失掉洗衣机而莫非，而让我
们借这个时机为我们以前拥有的而心存感谢，故此处表达他感觉感恩。

应选A。

【评论】此题考点波及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考察，是一
篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步依据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，进而选出正确答案。

三、阅读理解
17. 阅读短文，从每题所给的A、 B、 C和 D 四个选项中，选出最正确选项。

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Youth Volunteer Qualifications
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*attend a training program
Youth Volunteer Opportunities
Youth volunteers may fill the position of dog nuzzler, cat snuggler, or kennel aide, if there are openings. Please call our volunteer information hotline at
1-800-290-5992 to hear a recording of the positions available.
Dog Nuzzlers
Dogs need to exchange information with human and exercise to stay healthy
and feel comfortable around people. Dog nuzzlers must be knowledgeable about dogs
and able to deal with medium-sized to large-sized dogs. Youth volunteer dog nuzzlers must be able to work at least two hours between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m. on either Saturdays or Sundays.
Cat Snugglers
Look after our cats, giving them lots of attention. Cat snugglers must be
knowledgeable about cats and their needs. Youth volunteer cat snugglers must be able to work at least two hours between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m. on either Saturdays or Sundays.
Kennel Aides
Providing food and water for the animals at the shelter is a demanding job. Kennel aides assist the Animal Shelter staff in feeding the animals in our care.
Kennel aides must be able to work at least two hours between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m. on
either Saturdays or Sundays.
（1） What benefit can youth volunteers gain at the Animal Shelter?
A.Animals will help them kill time on weekends.
B.They will learn more about the needs of others.
C.They will learn how to apply for a job in the future.
D.Animals will bring them great pleasure in return.
（2） Which 10-year-old child can best serve at the Animal Shelter?
A.Matt, whose younger sister can come with him at 4: 00 p. m. on Saturdays.
B.Jim, who can take part with his mother on Sunday mornings.
C.Amber, who can participate with his father on weekdays.
D.Katie, whose parents have to work every day.
（3） If one is interested in Youth volunteer, what will he probably do first?
A.Serve the community.
B.Fill in the application form.
C.Call the volunteer information hotline.
D.Receive training in looking after animals.
（4） It can be inferred that dog nuzzles ________.
A.are less comfortable around large-sized dogs
B.get along better with medium-sized dogs
C.need to communicate with dogs
D.should be available the whole day on weekends
（5） The main purpose of this text is to ________.
A.look for youth volunteers
B.call on people to protect animals
C.introduce what the voluntary work is
D.teach people how to care for animals
【答案】（1） D
（2） B
（3） B
（4） C
（5） A
【考点】推理判断题，细节理解题，时文广告类
【分析】【剖析】本文是一篇应用文，是一家动物收留所招募志愿者的一则启事，文中列
出了对志愿者的要乞降参加方式。

（ 1）考察细节理解。

依据第二段中的“Youth volunteers learn responsibility as they serve the community. Volunteers are rewarded with the love for our sheltered animals. ”可知，年青志愿者能够获取动物们给他们带来的快乐，应选D。

（ 2）考察细节推理。

依据 Youth Volunteer Qualifications部分中的“ A youth volunteer must: care deeply about animals and their happiness; be at least 10 years of age
and followed by a parent以及be able to work at least two hours between 9 A. M. and 5 P. M. on either Saturdays or Sundays.”可知，10 岁的 Jim 能够在母亲的陪同下参加
周日清晨的志愿者活动，应选B。

（ 3）考察细节理解。

依据 Youth Volunteer Opportunities 部分中的“ Youth volunteers may fill the position of dog nuzzler, cat snuggler, or kennel aide, if there are openings ( 空缺 ). Please call our volunteer information hotline at 1-800-290-5992
to hear a recording of the positions available.”可知，假如想加入要先填表再打电
话咨询，应选B。

（ 4）考察推理判断。

依据Dog Nuzzlers部分中中的“ Dogs need to exchange information with human and exercise to stay healthy and feel comfortable around people. Dog
nuzzlers must be knowledgeable about dogs and able to deal with medium-sized to
large- sized dogs. ”可知，狗需要跟人类交流，所以Dog nuzzlers需要和狗狗们交流，故
选 C。

（5）考察推理判断。

依据第一段中的“ The Animal Shelter of Sacramento County has 300 active volunteers and always wants to add more. If you have a few hours each week
and a love for dogs and cats, we at the shelter welcome your coming.及下文的Youth Volunteer Opportunities”可知，文章是在招募年青志愿者，应选A。

【评论】此题考点波及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考察，是一则招聘启事，考生需要
正确掌握细节信息，并依据上下文进行逻辑推理，进而选出正确答案。

18.阅读短文，从每题所给的 A、 B、 C和 D 四个选项中，选出最正确选项。

Your next Saturday night takeaway could be brought to you by a robot after
a major food delivery company announced plans to use automated vehicles to transport
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meals. Europe's biggest online takeaway food company Just Eat has partnered with
Starship Technologies to deliver food with robots on the streets of London later
this month. "Nobody has ever done deliveries with land-based robots," said Allan
Martinson, the chief operating officer of Starship.
The robot courier can travel up to 4 miles per hour for about 10 miles. It
uses a GPS signal and nine cameras to navigate (确立方向). Instead of a person arriving at their door, customers could find themselves receiving a notification
on their phone that says a robot is on its way and a code to unlock the automated
courier. "Put the code in, the robot opens up, and there's your food," said David
Buttress, chief manager of Just Eat.
The robot, which has so far been tested in Greenwich, Milton Keynes and
Glastonbury, costs￡1 to transport within 3 miles, compared with the￡3 to￡6 it costs for a human courier.To date 30 robots have driven nearly 5,000 miles without getting into an accident or finding themselves picked on by passers-by. They have
driven in more than 40 cities around the world, including London and Tallinn,
Estonia.
An initial worry was how the public would react to robots. But Martinson said the public has been calm when passing the delivery machine on the streets."The most surprising reaction has been the lack of reaction," said Martinson.
Another significant fear was that people would disrupt (搅乱) the robots,
or try to steal them and their contents. To prevent this, the robot is fitted with
nine cameras, two way audio, and movement sensors that send a warning if it is lifted off the ground. And it opens only with a passcode provided to the customer via a
notification. "It's much easier to shoplift than it is to steal a robot," said
Martinson.
（1） Which of the following can replace the underlined word "courier"in Paragraph 2?
A. deliverer
B. coll ector
C.provider
D. guide
（2） According to the text, the Starship robot ________.
A.opens up upon hearing the code
B.travels 10 miles per hour at most
C.finds its way by means of GPS and cameras
D.sends a message to the customer upon arrival
（3） The test of Starship robots shows that ________.
A.they are easy to operate
B.the robot delivery is appreciated in big cities
C.the robot delivery is cheaper than human delivery
D.they can travel for 10 hours continuously
（4） Which of the following is one of the worries about Starship robots?
A.Safety of the robot delivery.
B.Accuracy of the robot delivery
C.Peoples indifference to the robots.
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D.People's concern about public traffic.
（5） Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A.Great Improvement of Just Eat
B.Global Trend of Food Companies
C.New Robots to Move on the road
D.Delivery Robots to Replace Takeaway Drivers
【答案】（1） A
（2） C
（3） C
（4） A
（5） D
【考点】要旨粗心题，推理判断题，词义猜想题，细节理解题，科普环保类，说明文
【分析】【剖析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了伦敦一家食品速递企业宣告未来会使用自动驾
驶机器人送餐，当前该企业在几个城市都测试了陆地快递机器人送餐服务。

未来送货机器人可能
会代替人类送快递。

（1）考察词义猜想。

依据第一段中的“ Your next Saturday night takeaway could be
brought to you by a robot after a major food delivery company announced plans to
use automated vehicles to transport meals.”可知，一家食品速递企业宣告计划使用自
动驾驶机器人送餐，你下周六夜晚点的外卖，说不定就由机器人送到。

所以这个词是“送达”
的意思，应选 A。

（2 ）考察细节理解。

依据第二段中的“ It uses a GPS signal and nine cameras to
navigate(确立方向).Instead of a person arriving at their door, customers could find themselves receiving a notification(通知) on their phone that says a robot is on
its way and a code to unlock the automated courier.”可知，Starship机器人依赖全球定位系统和照相机找到路。

应选C。

（3）考察细节理解。

依据第三段中的“ The robot, which has so far been tested in Greenwich, Milton Keynes and Glastonbury, costs￡1 to transport within 3 miles, compared with the￡3 to￡6 it costs for a human courier.”可知，机器人送餐要比
人送餐更廉价。

应选C。

（ 4）考察推理判断。

依据第五段中的“Another significant fear was that people would disrupt( 搅乱 ) the robots, or try to steal them and their contents.”另一重要担忧
就是担忧人们搅乱机器人，或是想把机器人及其所运物件偷走，能够推测出，担忧机器人运送的安全问题。

应选 A。

（5）考察要旨粗心。

纵观全文，特别是第一段中的“ Your next Saturday night takeaway could be brought to you by a robot after a major food delivery company announced
plans to use automated vehicles to transport meals.”一家食品速递企业宣告计划使
用自动驾驶机器人送餐，你下周六夜晚点的外卖，说不定就由机器人送到。

可知， D 项Delivery Robots to Replace Takeaway Drivers作为标题最适合。

选D。

【评论】此题考点波及细节理解，词义猜想，推理判断和要旨粗心四个题型的考察，是一
篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕获细节信息的基础上，进一步依据上下文的逻辑关系，进行剖析，推理，归纳和归纳，进而选出正确答案。

19.阅读短文，从每题所给的 A、 B、 C和 D 四个选项中，选出最正确选项。

The light from the campfire brightened the darkness, but it could not prevent
the damp cold of Dennis's Swamp( 沼泽地 ) creeping into their bones. It was a strange
11
place. Martin and Tom wished that they had not accepted Jack's dare. They liked
camping, but not near this swamp.
"So," Martin asked as they sat watching the hot coals. "How did this place
get its name?"
"Are you sure you want to hear it? It's a scary story," warned Jack.
"Of course!" cried out Tom. "If there were anything to be scared of, you
wouldn't have chosen this place!"
"Ok, but don't say I didn't warn you," said Jack, and he began this tale.
"Way back in time, a man called Dennis tried to start a farm here. He built
that cottage over there to live in. In those days, the area looked quite different — it was covered with tall trees and the swamp was a crystal-clear river. After three
hard years, Dennis had cleared several fields and planted crops. He was so proud
of his success that he refused to listen to advice.
"'You are clearing too much land,' warned one old man. 'The land is a living thing. It will hit back at you if you abuse it. '"
"'Silly fool,' said Dennis to himself. 'If I clear more land, I can grow more crops. I'll become wealthier. He's just jealous!'"
"Dennis continued to chop down trees. Small animals that relied on them for food and shelter were destroyed. He was so eager to expand his farm that he did not notice the river flowing slowly towards his door. He did not notice salt seeping
to the surface of the land. He did not notice swamp plants choking all the native
plants."
"What happened?" Martin asked. It was growing colder. He trembled, twisting his body closer to the fire.
"The land hit back — just as the old man warned," Jack shrugged. "Dennis disappeared. Old folks around here believe that swamp plants moved up from the river and dragged him underwater. His body was never found."
"What a stupid story," laughed Tom. "Plants can't " Before he had finished speaking, he screamed and fainted (晕倒). The other two boys jumped up with fright, staring at Tom. Suddenly, they burst out laughing. Some green swamp ivy ( 常春藤 ) had covered Tom's face. It was a while before Tom could appreciate the joke.
（1） The underlined word "dare" in Paragraph 1 is closed in meaning to ________.
A. courage
B. assistance
C. instruction
D.challenge
（2） Why did Jack tell Tom and Martin the story?
A.To frighten them.
B.To satisfy their curiosity.
C.To warn them of the danger of the place.
D.To persuade them to camp in the swamp.
（3） Why did Dennis ignore the warning of the old man?
A.The old man envied him.
B.The old man was foolish
C.He was too busy to listen to others.
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D.He was greedy for more crops.
（4） Why did Tom scream and faint?
A.He saw Dennis's shadow.
B.He was scared by a plant.
C.His friends played a joke on him.
D.The weather became extremely cold.
（5） What lesson can we learn from the story of Dennis?
A.Grasp all, lose all.
B.No sweat, no sweet.
C.It is no use crying over spilt milk.
D.He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.
【答案】（1） D
（2） B
（3） D
（4） B
（5） A
【考点】要旨粗心题，推理判断题，词义猜想题，细节理解题，人物故事类，记述文
【分析】【剖析】本文是一篇记述文，在阴森森的夜晚，三个朋友马丁，汤姆和杰克到达了
一片阴湿恐惧的沼泽地。

篝火旁聊起了它名字的缘故。

故事的主人公丹尼斯贪心成性，乱砍乱伐。

开垦地树没了，动物走了，变为了一块沼泽地。

他遇到大地的报应——被沼泽植物拖入水中而亡。

听后，汤姆忽然晕了！他脸上居然爬满了常春藤。

一个实在恐惧的笑话！
（1）考察词义猜想。

依据第一段中的"They liked camping, but not near this swamp."
可知，男孩子们其实不肯在这块沼泽地邻近野营，之所以此刻在这里是遇到了杰克的“挑战”。

应选 D。

（2）考察推理判断。

依据第二、三、四段他们的对话可知，杰克警示他们这个故事很吓人，但经不住他们的恳求仍是告诉他们了，故杰克讲这个故事其实不是为了吓他们，而是为了知足他们
的好奇心。

应选 B。

（ 3）考察细节理解。

依据第八段中"If I clear more land, I can grow more crops. I'll become wealthier. He's just jealous！"可知，他想种更多的庄稼，变得更富，还认为别
人妒忌他。

由此可知，他不听老人的劝说是因为他太贪心，想种更多的庄稼。

应选D。

（4）考察细节理解。

依据最后一段中的 "Some green swampivy( 常春藤 ) had covered Tom's face."可知，他晕倒的原由是他被常春藤吓到了。

应选B。

（ 5）考察要旨粗心。

纵观全文可知，Dennis 因为贪心，结果失掉了全部，故 A 项“贪多必失”最适合，选A。

【评论】此题考点波及细节理解，词义猜想，推理判断和要旨粗心三个题型的考察，是一
篇故事类阅读，考生需要正确掌握细节信息，同时依据上下文进行逻辑推理，归纳归纳，进而
选出正确答案。

20.阅读短文，从每题所给的 A、 B、 C和 D 四个选项中，选出最正确选项。

What makes a person a giver or taker? The idea "give vs. take" takes shape
in all interactions( 互动 ) and relationships of our lives. We're either giving advice, making time for people, or we're on the receiving end. We keep changing between the two based on different situations on a daily basis, if not an hourly one.
According to AdamGrant, a professor at the University of Pennsylvania, most people are matchers. They make careful observations on takers and make it a point
13
for them to pay something back. They hate to see people who act so generously towards others not receive any rewards. Actually, most matchers will try hard to promote
and support givers so that they can get the good they deserve.
Is there a gender factor ( 性别要素 ) that plays a part in this?
A study led by Hannah Riley Bowles, a professor at Harvard University, focused on this question. She asked 200 senior managers to sit down in pairs where one person would act as the boss and the other as an employee to discuss salary promotions.
Male "employees" asked for an average salary of $146k while the females asked for
only $141k. But why did they not bargain as hard as the men? Simply because they
were more likely to be givers.
As a woman, I do enjoy the act of giving up my time, my knowledge, and my
care and my attention to others. I don't expect anything in return, but I do tend
to pull myself away when I feel like I'm being taken for granted. I also tend to
get upset when I see a loved one's continuous actions of kindness go unnoticed. So, it's safe to say I'm 50% giver, 35% matcher and 15% taker.
I do know someone, however, who is 99% giver. They're constantly devoting
their time, sharing valuable insights ( 洞察力 ) and going out of their way for everyone who crosses their path. Although they're changed the lives of many people, they rarely see any of it returned. But the universe is slowly repaying them; they're now extremely successful, well known for what they do.
（1） We can learn from the first paragraph that ________.
A.most people think they are givers
B.people are not always givers or takers
C.an individual is born to be a giver or a taker
D.few differences exist between givers and takers
（2） In Adam Grant's opinion, most people ________.
A.hate takers
B.prefer giving to taking
C.enjoy relying on themselves
D.balance giving and taking
（3） Hannah's study focused on ________.
A.the role of giving and taking in jobs
B.the gender difference in giving and taking
C.the role of men and women in society
D.the salary difference between women and men
（4） The author tends to ________.
A.think acts of kindness should be valued
B.expect something in return for giving most of the time
C.take giving for granted
D.be a complete matcher
（5） What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A.Giving is the shortest path to success.
B.Sharing is the greatest human quality.
C.No good deed goes undone.
14。