新视野第二版第四册Unit2讲稿

新视野第⼆版第四册Unit2讲稿
Unit 2 Section A
Charlie Chaplin
I .Background Information
1.Charlie Chaplin (1889-1977) was a British comedy actor, becoming the most famous actor in the early
to mid Hollywood cinema era, and also a notable director. His principal character was “the Tramp”: a vagrant with the refined manners and dignity of a gentleman who wears a tight coat, oversized trousers and shoes, a bowler hat, a bamboo cane, and his signature toothbrush moustache. Chaplin was one of the most creative and influential personalities in the silent film era: He acted in, directed, scripted, produced, and eventually even scored his own films. His working life in entertainment spanned over 70 years, from the British Victorian stage and Music Hall in England as a child performer, almost until his death at the age of 88. He led one of the most remarkable and colorful lives of the 20th century, from a Dickens-like London childhood to the pinnacle of world fame in the film industry and as a cultural icon.
His high-profile public and private life encompassed highs and lows of both adulation and controversy.
2.Monsieur Verdoux is a character in the film entitled the same. He is an unemployed banker. While
being both loyal and competent in his work. Verdoux is laid-off. To support his family, he periodically heads out of the town, marries wealthy widows and then murders them. This behavior eventually works against him when two particular widows break his normal routine.
3.Modern Times is a 1936 film by Charlie Chaplin that has his famous Little Tramp character struggling
to survive in the modern, industrialized world. The film is a comment on the desperate employment and financial conditions many people faced during the Great Depression—conditions created, in Chaplin?s view, by the efficiency of modern industrialization. It was written and directed by Chaplin. The film has been deemed “culturally significant”by the Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry.
4.The Gold Rush is a 1925 silent film comedy written, directed by and starring Charlie Chaplin in his
Little Tramp role. The Little Tramp ventures into Alaska looking for gold. He gets mixed up with some rough characters and falls in love with the beautiful Georgia. He tries to win her heart with his singular charm.
5.The Pawnshop is a film in which Charlie plays a shop assistant who competes with his fellow. When he
is fired by the pawnbroker and rehired, he nearly destroys everything in the shop and himself.
6.Mack Sennett(1880-1960) was an American silent film producer and director, perfected the art of
slapstick in his “Keystone” series. During his lifetime he was known as the King of Comedy.
7.Charles Dickens(1812-1870) was an English novelist. During his career Dickens wrote many
entertaining works which were immensely popular and displayed his rich imagination and comic genius.
Now he is viewed as one of the major novelists of the Victorian era and an important documenter of life in those times.
II. Text Structure Analysis
Level I Teaching directions for Text Structure Analysis
When we look at the passage as a whole we would find that in structure it is a piece of writing with a central topic supported by different aspects. With the topic focusing on the famous figure Charlie Chaplin, the passage develops by telling us the different aspects of Charlie Chaplin: a brief introduction, his artistic achievement, his emotional life and the end of his life story. We have come across such kind of writing technique before. The most important point is to make sure that every detail should help to support the general statement.
Level II An analysis of the whole text structure
In this passage the writer introduces us a famous figure, Charlie Chaplin, from different aspects: a general introduction to Chaplin, his artistic achievement, his emotional life and the end of his life story. The passage can be roughly divided into four
parts.
The first part of the passage is made up of Paragraphs 1 and 2, which is the general introduction to Charlie Chaplin.
The second part consists of four paragraphs, from Paragraph 3 to Paragraph 6. This part is about Charlie Chaplin?s artistic achievement. The four paragraphs deal with Chaplin?s success from his famous character “the Tramp”, to sound movies and his secret in making successful comedies.
The third part is made up of two paragraphs, which are about Chaplin?s personal or emotional life. Chaplin?s emotional collision resulted in personal disaster in his early marriages but in his later years he found stability and affection in Oona O? Neill Chaplin, who gave him the love he needed.
The last part is Paragraph 9. After his death, his body was once stolen and the incident is taken as a
III. Detailed Study of the Text
Part I. Words related to movies
电影⼤⽚event movie 好莱坞⼤⽚Hollywood blockbuster
宽银幕式letter boxing ⽂艺⽚literary film
宽银幕 panoramic screen (or wide-screen)
闹剧 farce 默⽚ silent film
⾳乐⽚musicals 恐怖⽚horror movie
卡通⽚cartoon 喜剧comedy
悲剧tragedy 情景喜剧situation comedy/sitcom
西部⽚western movie 科幻⽚science fiction movie
惊险⽚thriller 战争⽚war movie
武侠⽚swordsmen film / martial arts film 侦探⽚detective film
伦理⽚ethical film 爱情⽚romance/romantic film/affectionate film
前卫⽚film d?avant-grade 预告⽚trailer
禁映影⽚banned film 黄⾊电影 erotic film (or adult film, skin flick)
灾难⽚ disaster film ⾸映式premiere
导演director 制⽚主任producer
发⾏⼈distributor 脚本作者scriptwriter
摄影师photographer 舞台⼯作⼈员stagehand
化妆师 make-up artist
拍摄shooting 剪辑montage
配⾳dubbing 特写close shot/close-up
字幕subtitle 演员阵容cast
替⾝演员double/stand-in 特技动作替⾝stunt man
配⾓supporting actor/actress 临时演员extras
布景set 影棚sound stage
⽚场studio 票房box office
导演版director's cut ⽚段clip
影评⼈critic 配乐score
原声带soundtrack
使某⼈声名永驻: to give sb. permanent fame
给予某⼈掌声: to provide applause where sb. is concerned
永久地离开了某地: to quit a place for good
为……拍⼿喝彩: to clap for
瞟某⼈/某物的眼神: one?s quick eye for sb./ sth.
证明某⼈的国籍: to confirm one?s nationality
是某⼈头疼的事: to be a headache for sb.
闻名世界: to achieve world fame
获得巨⼤的成功: to bring about huge success
发掘并扩展天才: to explore and extend the talent
唤起了某⼈的想象: to rouse one?s imagination
把……事先写成⽂字: to have sth. written into a script in advance
以沉重代价换来的⾃知之明: painfully-bought self-knowledge
跨越37岁的年龄差距: to span the 37 years age difference
引发争吵: to spark quarrels
令⼈遗憾的是/不幸的是: sad to say
尽管如此: all the same
有⼀种要做……的欲望: to have the urge/ a deep need to do sth.
到达；进⼊: to find one?s way into
对……失去信⼼: to lose one?s faith in sb./ sth.
Part II. Words and Expressions
1.cut down: to reduce 改⼩；缩短
cut down for sth.: She cut the old stocking down for ankle sock.
cut down to size: I have to cut my essay down to 2000 words.
cut down on sth: You should cut down on fatty foods.
2.for good: for ever
eg: Your hometown is a place that your feet may quit for good but your heart never. 故乡是⼀个你的双脚或许会永远离开但⼼却绝不会离开的地⽅。

3.crude: 1) rude 粗鲁的；粗俗的eg: He?s always telling crude jokes.
2) in its natural state 天然的，未加⼯的eg: crude oil
crude rubber 天然橡胶
native iron ⽣铁
raw cotton 原棉
4.revolt against/ at/ from sth./ sb. : take action against 反抗/反感
eg: They revolt at those who have great ambition but little ability. 他们很反感那些眼⾼⼿低、志⼤才疏的⼈。

5.trip sb. up:绊倒某⼈；使某⼈犯错误；是某⼈受挫
eg: Read the questions carefully, because the examiners sometimes try to trip you up. 仔细阅读这些问题，因为出题者有时会有意诱导你犯错。

6.all the same: nevertheless, in spite of that 尽管如此；仍然
eg: His motherland is troubled with poverty and backwardness, but he feels a deep affection for her all the same. 他的祖国为贫穷和落后所困扰，但他仍然深深地眷恋着她。

7.all that: very; particularly
eg: He wasn?t all that older than we were. 事情并不那么顺利。

Things aren?t all that good. 他并不⽐我们年纪⼤多少。

8.sport: v. to wear or show publicly and sometimes proudly
eg: Back in the 1960s he sported bell-bottom trousers, platform heels and hair down past his shoulders. 回顾20世纪60年代，他那时穿着喇叭裤、⽊屐式坡形⾼跟鞋、蓄着过肩的长发。

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e down in the world: be reduced to humbler standard o
f livin
g or social level 落魄，潦倒
eg: When coming down in the world, don?t grow dejected; when coming up in the world, don?t get swollen-headed. 潦倒不堪时勿丧志，飞黄腾达时莫忘形。

10.have the urge/ a deep need to do sth.:有⼀种要做……的欲望
eg: It is important to have the urge to prove one?s worth to society, but more important is the ability to turn the urge into reality.向社会证明⾃⾝价值的欲望固然重要，⽽更重要的是把欲望变成现实的能⼒。

11.find one’s way into…: arrive or get somewhere after some time 进⼊，来到
eg: Computers have found their way into many ordinary families. 电脑已经进⼊许多普通家庭。

12.to walk into the sunset with sb.: 与某⼈共同⾛进⼣阳之中/ 与某⼈⽩头偕⽼
eg: Those bathed in love wish to walk off into the sunset with each other. But there are always some who change their minds after marriage. 沉浸在热恋中的⼈都希望与对⽅⽩头偕⽼，但是结婚后总有⼀些⼈会改变主意。

13.unfounded: not based on fact
eg: It turned out that our fears were unfounded. 结果证明，我们的担⼼是毫⽆道理的。

Part II. Sentence Patterns
1.Sb. else might do/ have done sth. But only sb. can do/ could have done sth. else.别⼈或许会做某事，
但只有某⼈才会做别的事。

eg: Many other factors might have contributed to the turn of one?s life. But only hard work could have led him to the road to success. 或许很多其他因素都有助于⼀个⼈⽣活的转折，但是只有努⼒⼯作才能使他踏上成功之路。

2.Sth. gives/ brings sb. sth.—and, more importantly, sth. else—to do/ be…（后置定语）某事为某⼈带来
了……，更重要的是带来了……，他/她因此得以……
eg: His huge fame gave him the freedom—and, more importantly, the money—to be his own master. 他的巨⼤名声为他带来了⾃由，更重要的是带来了财富，他因此得以成为⾃⼰的主⼈。

3.Sth., plus sth. else, are surely…某事，以及……，正是……
eg: This physical transformation, plus the skill with which he executed it again and again, are surely the secrets of Chaplin?s great comedy. 这种对具体事物的发挥转化，以及他⼀次⼜⼀次做出这种转化的技巧，正是卓别林伟⼤喜剧的奥秘。

Section B
The Political Career of a Female Politician
I . Reading Skills
Facts or Opinions
We learned to distinguish between facts and opinions in Unit 2, Book 1 and Unit 3, Book 2. Facts are statements that tell what really happened or really is the case whereas opinions are statements of beliefs, judgments, or feelings. It is not always easy to make a clear distinction between facts and opinions as writers
often mix facts and opinions even within the same sentence, with some words representing facts and others representing opinions. Here are some tips for distinguishing facts from opinions:
1.Test the writer?s opinion by asking whether a different opinion is possible. You do not have to agree with
the different opinion or with the writer?s for that matter. You just have to be able to see if there is another view.
2.Look for adjectives that interpret one?s opinions such as pretty, ugly, handsome, dangerous, evil, attractive,
well-dressed, good, etc. If we say a girl is pretty or ugly, it is clear that it is only our point of view. Words like probably, perhaps, usually, often, sometimes, on occasion usually imply uncertain facts and indicate possibilities. Other words say clearly that an opinion will follow like I believe, I think, in my opinion, I feel,
I suggest, etc.
Look at some examples from Text A:
Example 1
But only Charlie Chaplin could have created the great comic character of “the Tramp”, the little man in rags who gave his creator permanent fame. (Para. 1)
Even though the words only, great, permanent imply opinions, the sentence presents many facts-- Charlie Chaplin, created, comic character, the Tramp, the little man in rags. Even more important, the main point of the sentence is to state the fact that Charlie Chaplin created “the Tramp”, which brought him fame. Thus the sentence is basically factual.
Example 2
Certainly middle-class audiences did; the working-class audiences were more likely to clap for a character who revolted against authority, using his wicked little cane to trip it up, or aiming the heel of his boot for a
well-places kick at its broad rear. (Para.3)
The sentence expresses an opinion that the middle-class audiences thought Chaplin?s Tramp a bit “crude”whereas the working class enjoyed his performance. We have also found in this sentence a lot of facts: using his wicked little cane to trip it up, or aiming the heel of his boot for a well-placed kick at its broad rear. However, we find that the facts were used to support the opinion. Thus the sentence is basically expressing opinions. Example 3
This physical transformation, plus the skill with which he executed it again and again, is surely the secret of Chaplin’s great comedy. (Para. 6)
Even though the words surely and great imply opinions, the sentence presents many facts—physical transformation, the skill with which he executed it again and again. The sentence is basically factual as it introduces what the secret of Chaplin?s great comedy is.
II .Background Information
Kenya is a country in east Africa, on the Equator, which became independent in 1963 and which is known for production of coffee and tea; its capital is Nairobi.
III. Detailed Study of the Text
1.run for: try to get elected to a public position
run into偶然碰见run off 赶⾛run out ⽤完
run over 碾过run through 穿过run to 达到
run up against 与……相撞
eg: Obama decided to run for 2008 US presidency and won. 奥巴马决定参加2008年美国总统的竞选并获得了胜利。

2. launch: 1. Start sth. such as a plan, new career, project, etc. 发起；开始进⾏
2. send a missile, spaceship, satellite, etc. into the air or into space 发射
eg: China successfully launched the manned spacecraft Shenzhou-7, which marked a historic breakthrough in China?s manned space program. 我国成功发射了“神⾈七号”载⼈飞船，标志着我国在载⼈航天事业上的历史性突破。

3. be/ become an ambassador for: to be/ become a representative for 成为……的使者
eg: The two giant pandas Tuantuan and Yuanyuan sent by the Chinese mainland to Taiwan became ambassadors for peace and reunion across the Taiwan Straits. ⼤陆赠与台湾的⼤熊猫“团团”和“圆圆”成为了两岸和平统⼀的使者。

4. from door to door: going to each house in a street or area 挨家挨户
from coast to coast 在（美国）全国from day to day 天天，⼀天⼜⼀天
from first to last 从头到尾，⾃始⾄终from head to foot 从头到脚，全⾝
from hand to mouth 仅够糊⼝的from place to place 处处
from start to finish 从开始到结束from time to time 有时，不时地
5. top priority: high or top place among various things to be done 优先权，优先
eg: The government gave top priority to developing economy. 政府将经济发展列为⼯作的重点。

6. spy on/ upon: try to get information secretly from an unfriendly place 暗中监视，侦查，窥探
eg: How much did you pay the man to spy on your husband? 你付了这个⼈多少钱来暗中监视你丈夫？7. jealous: 1. Wanting very much to protect or keep sth. ⼩⼼守护的；唯恐失去的
2. unhappy and angry because sb. else has sth. you want 妒忌的
8. shut out of: not allow sb. to do sth. or be involved in it 不允许做，使⽆法参与
eg: His parents shut him out of business for his cowardice. 由于他性格懦弱，他的⽗母不允许他去经商。

eg: Disability shuts him out of many physical activities. ⾝体残疾使他⽆法参加许多体育活动。

9. have/ gain the upper hand: have the advantage or control over 占优势，占上风；控制
eg: After hours of fierce negotiations, the president had the upper hand. 经过数⼩时的激烈谈判，总统占了上风。

eg: When conflicts arose between her and her son, she had the upper hand, for she controlled the family fortune. ⽆论何时与⼉⼦发⽣冲突，她总是占上风，因为她控制着家庭的财产。

10. tear down: 1. remove or pull down sth. roughly 撕下，扯下
2. destroy, demolish, take apart or to pieces 拆毁，拆除，拆卸
eg: They are going to tear down the old hospital and build a block of offices. 他们打算拆除这家旧医院，建⼀栋办公⼤楼。

11. in earnest: determinedly or sincerely; seriously 坚决地；真挚地；认真地
eg: The countdown begins in earnest as early as October. 倒计时早在10⽉份就正式开始了。

12. lay out: 1. spread sth. out 摆出，摆开
2. plan how sth. should look and arrange it in this way 安排；布置；设计
eg: He showed me how to lay out a printed page. 他向我展⽰了如何编排版⾯。

lay aside 留存lay down 牺牲；制定lay in 储备，储存
lay off (临时) 解雇lay on 提供lay up 储存
13. refreshing: making one feel stronger, less tired or more alert; pleasantly new or different 令⼈精神振奋的，令⼈感到新鲜的
eg: Enjoy a refreshing drink and the spectacular views of the Rocky Mountains. 喝⼀杯清爽的饮料，欣赏洛基⼭壮丽的风光。

14. deliver the goods: do what is expected of one 不负众望，履⾏诺⾔
eg: We expected great things of the England team, but on that day they simply failed to deliver the goods. 我们对英国队寄予厚望，但那⼀天他们辜负众望。

查理·卓别林
1、他出⽣在伦敦南部的⼀个贫困地区。

他穿的短袜是从妈妈的红⾊长袜上剪下来的。

他的妈玛⼀度被诊断为精
神失常。

狄更斯或许能创作出查理·卓别林的童年故事，但只有查理·卓别林才能塑造出了不起的喜剧⾓⾊“流浪汉”，这个使其创作者声名永驻的⾐衫褴褛的⼩⼈物。

2、就卓别林⽽⾔，其他国家，如法国、意⼤利、西班⽛，甚⾄⽇本，都⽐他的出⽣地给予了他更多的掌声(和
更多的收益)。

在1913年，卓别林永久地离开了英国，与⼀些演员⼀起启程到美国进⾏舞台喜剧表演。

在那⾥，他被星探招募到好莱坞喜剧⽚之王麦克·塞纳特的旗下⼯作。

3、令⼈遗憾的是，20世纪⼆三⼗年代的很多英国⼈认为卓别林的“流浪汉”多少有点“粗俗”。

中产阶级当然
这样认为。

劳动阶层反倒更有可能为这样⼀个反抗权势的⾓⾊拍⼿喝彩，他以顽⽪的⼩拐杖使绊⼦，或⽤⽪靴后跟
对准权势者肥⼤的臀部踢⼀下。

尽管如此，卓别林的滑稽乞丐形象并不那么像英国⼈，甚⾄也不像劳动阶级的⼈。

英国流浪者并不留⼩胡⼦，也不穿肥⼤的裤⼦或燕尾服：欧洲的领导⼈和意⼤利的侍者才那样穿戴。

另外，“流浪汉”瞟着漂亮⼥孩的眼神也有些粗俗，被英国观众认为不太正派——只有外国⼈才那样，不是吗?⽽在卓别林⼤半的银幕⽣涯中，银幕上的他是不出声的，也就⽆从证明他是英国⼈。

4、事实上，当卓别林再也⽆法抵制有声电影，不得不为他的“流浪汉”寻找“合适的声⾳”时，他确实很头疼。

他尽可能地推迟那⼀天的到来：在1936年的《摩登时代》⾥，他第⼀次在影⽚⾥发声唱歌。

在⽚中，他扮演⼀名侍者，满⼝胡⾔乱语，听起来不像任何国家的语⾔。

后来他说，他想象中的“流浪汉”是⼀位受过⼤学教育，但已经没落的绅⼠。

但假如他在早期那些短⼩的喜剧电影中能操⼀⼝受教育⼈的⼝⾳，那么他是否会闻名世界就难说了，⽽英国⼈也肯定会觉得这很“古怪”。

没有⼈知道卓别林这么⼲是不是有意的，但这促使他获得了巨⼤的成功。

5、他是⼀个才能⾮凡的⼈，他的决⼼之⼤甚⾄在好莱坞明星中也⼗分少见。

他的巨⼤名声为他带来了⾃由，更重要的是带来了财富，他因此得以成为⾃⼰的主⼈。

在事业发展之初，他就感到⼀种冲动要去发掘并扩展⾃⼰⾝上所显露的天才。

当他第⼀次在银幕上看到⾃⼰扮演的“流浪汉”时，他说：“这不可能是我。

那可能吗?瞧这⾓⾊多么与众不同啊!”
6、这种震惊唤起了他的想象。

卓别林并没有把他的笑料事先写成⽂字。

他是那种边表演边根据感觉去创造艺术的喜剧演员。

没有⽣命的物体特别有助于卓别林发挥⾃⼰艺术家的天赋。

他将这些物体想象成其他东西。

因此，在《当铺⽼板》中，⼀个坏闹钟变成了正在接受⼿术的“病⼈”；在《淘⾦记》中，靴⼦被放在锅⾥煮，靴底被蘸着盐和胡椒吃掉，就像上好的鱼⽚⼀样(鞋钉就像鱼⾻那样被剔除)。

这种对事物的转化，以及他⼀次⼜⼀次做出这种转化的技巧，正是卓别林伟⼤喜剧的奥秘所在。

7、他也深切地渴望被爱，同时也害怕遭到背叛。

这两者很难结合在⼀起，有时这种冲突导致了灾难，就像他早期的⼏次婚姻那样。

然⽽即使是这种以沉重代价换来的⾃知之明也在他的喜剧创作中得到了表现。

“流浪汉”始终没有失去对卖花⼥的信⼼，相信她正等待着与⾃⼰共同⾛进⼣阳之中；⽽卓别林的另⼀⾯使他的凡尔杜先⽣，⼀个杀了妻⼦的法国⼈，成为了仇恨⼥⼈的象征。

8、令⼈宽慰的是，⽣活最终把卓别林先前没能获得的稳定和幸福给了他。

他找到了沃娜·奥尼尔·卓别林这个伴侣。

她的沉稳和深情跨越了他们之间37岁的年龄差距。

他们的年龄差别太⼤，以致当1942年他们结婚时，新娘公布了他们的结婚⽇期后，为他们办理⼿续的官员问这位漂亮的17岁姑娘：“那个年轻⼈在哪⼉?”⼀⼀当时已经54岁的卓别林⼩⼼翼翼在外⾯等候着。

由于沃娜本⼈出⽣在⼀个被各种⿇烦困扰的⼤家庭，她对卓别林⽣活中将⾯临的挑战也做好了充分准备，因为当时关于他俩有很多毫⽆根据的流⾔。

后来在他那个有那么多天才孩⼦的⼤家庭中，卓别林有时会引发争吵，⽽她则成了安宁的中⼼。

9、卓别林死于1977年圣诞节。

⼏个⽉后，⼏个近乎可笑的盗⼫者从他的家庭墓室盗⾛了他的⼫体以借此诈钱。

警⽅追回了他的⼫体，其效率⽐麦克·塞纳特拍摄的启斯东喜剧⽚中的笨拙警察要⾼得多。

但是⼈们不禁会感到，卓别林⼀定会把这—奇怪的事件看作是对他的⼗分恰当的纪念—他以这种⽅式给这个⾃⼰曾为之带去这么多笑声的世界留下最后的笑声。

⼀位⼥政治家的政治⽣涯
1、24岁的阿加莎·墨丹妮·姆波⼽，为⼈谦虚，谈吐温柔，算不上是个⾰命者的形象。

然⽽就在6个⽉前，她做了—件极富⾰命性的事情：她参加了肯尼亚恩布市的市长竞选，并且当选。

2、更令⼈感到意外的是，姆波⼽⼥⼠是由区议会的同事们投票选出的，⽽那些⼈全是男性。

在肯尼亚乃⾄整个⾮洲，妇⼥的政治⼒量⽇益壮⼤。

恩布市是⼀个位于内罗毕东北部的农业地区，距内罗毕两个⼩时的车程。

对于⽣活在此地的数千妇⼥来说，姆波⼽成了这种⼒量的象征。

3、1992年，姆波⼽⼥⼠开始追寻她的从政梦想，她竞选了恩布市议员。

像其他打算从政的⾮洲妇⼥⼀样，她⾯对着很多阻碍：她缺钱，没有政治经验，要回答许多关于她个⼈⽣活的荒唐问题。

她说：“我的对⼿⼀⼝咬定我要与外市的⼈结婚并搬⾛。

”
4、姆波⼽还要⾯对本市妇⼥的误解，她们中间有许多⼈起初并不愿意为她投票。

她成为捍卫妇⼥政治权利的使者，向妇⼥团体发表演说或者挎着⼿提包挨家挨户去做演讲，并给他们讲解政体，⼀讲就是数⼩时。

5、“她胜出我很⾼兴，因为是男⼈们选举了她，”恩布市的⼀位农民政治活动家利迪亚·基曼尼说。

“这正是我期望的结果，因为它似乎战胜了‘⼥⼈当不了领导者’这种观念。

”
6、⾮洲妇⼥的教育已经成为政治活动家们着重考虑的问题。

有个机构已经在肯尼亚农村举办了⼗⼏次研讨会，⽬的是帮助妇⼥理解国家宪法以及民主政治制度的程序及理论。

⼀位资深的⼥政治活动家说，许多妇⼥连参政的最基本知识都没学过。

她说，有⼈教她们，在竞选运动中谁“给你半公⽄⾯粉、200克⾷盐或⼀条⾯包”，就投票选谁。

7、妇⼥政治活动家们说她们正在与根深蒂固的⽂化传统作⽃争。

这些传统要⾮洲妇⼥做饭、打扫屋⼦、照管孩⼦、种庄稼、收庄稼、⽀持丈夫。

她们通常不能继承⼟地，不能与丈夫离婚，不能理财，也不能从政。

8、然⽽，肯尼亚妇⼥从事政治活动并不是什么新现象。

在20世纪50年代争取独⽴的⽃争中，肯尼亚妇⼥就经常秘密地为部队提供武器并监视殖民军的阵地。

但是独⽴之后，领导者们唯恐失去⾃⼰的权⼒，将妇⼥排斥在政界之外。

这种现象在⾮洲⼤陆随处可见。

9、今天，男性仍占有优势。

肯尼亚妇⼥占选民⼈数的60％，但在国民⼤会中的席位仅有3％。

从来没有⼀位肯尼亚妇⼥担任过内阁职务。

10、在这种背景下，阿加莎·姆波⼽开始了她的政治⽣涯。

在赢得议会席位之后，她拒绝了被同事称为“⼥⼈委员会”的教育及社会服务委员会的职位，⽽加⼊了城市规划委员会。

这是个更显眼的⼯作。

11、接着，在去年，她决定挑战恩布市市长，⼀位资深政客。

姆波⼽⼥⼠说，为肯尼亚乡村地区提供⼤量捐助的团体“不愿意到这⾥来”，为此她感到很失望。

12、“我们没看到有⼈为社区办过什么事，”她说。

“这是⼀件丑闻，捐资者的钱似乎落⼈了个⼈腰包。

”
13、经过⼀场激烈的竞选，她以7⽐6的选票当选。

她说恩布市的妇⼥为此兴⾼采烈，⽽男⼈们则很不解，有些甚⾄⼼怀敌意。

她回忆说，男⼈们不解：那些男⼈怎么会选⼀个⼥⼈?
14、但姆波⼽⼥⼠并没有像其他⼥政治家那样受到攻击。

有些⼥政治家曾说她们的⽀持者有时在集会后会受到棍棒袭击。

去年6⽉，肯尼亚警⽅企图驱散在内罗毕西北部举⾏的⼀次妇⼥政治集会，坚持说它是⾮法的，可能引发骚乱。

⽬击者报告说，当时有100名妇⼥，包括⼀名国民⼤会委员。

她们拒绝离开，于是警官扯下她们的标语，并对她们棒打拳击。

15、与此相反，姆波⼽⼥⼠通常受到恩布市男⼠们的热烈欢迎，许多⼈说现在很⾼兴议会选择了她。

16、如今，捐助团体正式给恩布市的若⼲项⽬提供了资⾦。

在市中⼼建起了⼀个新市场。

医院新增添了有200个床位的产房。

为⼏⼗个流浪街头、⽆家可归的孩⼦建起了集体宿舍。

姆波⼽⼥⼠对这个市场和医院感到特别⾃豪，因为“它们对妇⼥有很⼤的影响”。

17、在现在的市场上，数以百计的⼈在遮阳伞下摆卖果蔬。

⼀个卖柠檬的妇⼥说她喜欢新市长。

18、“我感觉如果碰到问题，我可以到她的办公室去找她，”她说。

“以前的市长呼来喝去，好像是个皇帝，他并不想听我的问题。

”
19、旁边，有个男⼈说他发觉姆波⼽⼥⼠带来了⼀种清新的变化。

“我厌倦了男⼈，”看着⾃⼰那⼀⼤堆洋葱，他说。

“他们只会许诺，但没有带来实际的东西。

只要她能不断带来我们所需的东西，她就⾏。

”。