高二英语日常生活类阅读试题

高二英语日常生活类阅读试题
1. American cities are similar to other cities around the world. In every country cities reflect the values of the culture. Cities contain the very best aspects of a society: opportunities for education employment and entertainment. They also contain the very worst parts of a society: violent crime racial conflict and poverty. American cities are changing just as American society is changing.
After World War II city residents became wealthier more prosperous. They had more children. They needed more space. They move out of their apartments in the city to buy their own homes. They bought houses in the suburbs areas near a city where people live. These are areas without many offices or factories. During the 1950s the American “dream” was to have a house in the suburbs.
Now things are changing. The children of the people who left the cities in 1950s are now adults. They unlike their parents want to live in the cities. Many young professionals doctors lawyers and executives are moving back into the city. Many are single; others are married but often without children. They prefer the city to the suburbs because their jobs are there; they are afraid of the fuel shortage; or they just enjoy the excitement and opportunities which the city offers.
This population shift is bringing problems as well as benefits. Countless poor people must leave their apartments in the city because the owners want to sell the buildings or make apartments for sale instead of for rent. In the 1950s, many poor people did not have enough money to move to the suburbs; now many of these people do not have enough money to stay in the cities.
Only a few years ago, people thought that the older American cities were dying. Some city residents now see a bright , new future .Others see only problems and conflicts. One thing is sure：many dying cities are alive again.
【1】What does the author think of cities all over the world ?
A．They are alive .B．They are hopeless.
C．They are similar D．They are different.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题：从第一段第一句American cities are similar to other cities around the world.可知，美国城市和世界上其他的城市是相似的。

选C。

【2】Why did American city residents want to live in the suburbs after World War Ⅱ? A．Because older American cities were dying.
B．Because they were richer and needed more space.
C．Because cities contained the worst parts of society.
D．Because they could hardly afford to live in the city.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题：从第二段第一句话After World War II city residents became wealthier more prosperous. They had more children. They needed more space. They move out of their apartments in the city to buy their own homes. They bought houses in the suburbs areas near a city where people live.可知，二战后，城市居民更富有了，他们有了更多的孩子，需要更多的空间。

所以他们搬出城市的家，去郊区买更大的房子。

选B.
【3】According to the 4 th paragragh, a great many poor people in American cities ____ . A．are faced with housing problems
B．are faced to move to the suburbs
C．want to sell their buildings
D．need more money for daily expenses
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题：从第四段内容可知，在二十世纪五十年代，许多穷人没有足够的钱在郊区买更大的房子住，只能住在市区，而现在很多穷人由于没有足够的钱而只能搬出市区。

他们面临着住房的问题。

选A。

【4】We can conclude from the text that_____?
A．American cities are changing for the wars
B．people have different views on American cities
C．many people are now moving from American cities
D．the population is decreasing in older American cities
【答案】B
【解析】归纳总结题：从最后一段Only a few years ago, people thought that the older American cities were dying. Some city residents now see a bright , new future .Others see only problems and conflicts. One thing is sure：many dying cities are alive again.可知，人们对美国城市持有不同的观点：有的城市居民现在看到的是光明的新的未来，而有些人只看到问题和争端。

选B。

2. Several days ago, a Beijing-based IT company fired about 400 people overnight. No one had expected the job cuts, which broke with traditional ways of letting go of workers in
China. Moreover, what was special about this case was that the day before the 400 were fired, they all received from their boss a gift—the book “Who Moved My Cheese?”
The book—a bestseller in the US—is being used by men and women to deal with changes in their lives and work. Some large organizations, including Coca-Cola, Kodak and General Motors, ask their employees to read it in order to encourage them to be active towards changes. Cheese is something related to everyone’s livelihood-Our jobs, the industries we work in, relationships and love as well.
With China’s official entry int o the WTO, the whole nation will face up to more changes and challenges. So what we should do once this “cheese” on which we are so dependent is moved?“Whatever challenges and changes we meet, we should face up to them bravely,” Jiang Hengwei, a civil servant said after reading the book.
Professor Zhang Yang in Renmin University of China agrees. “We should change our way of thinking. The coming competitive foreign companies and products provide us with great chances to learn from them and improve our own products to meet international standards and be more competitive.”
“With hard work and wisdom, we will create a much larger and better piece of cheese.” Zhang smiled confidently.
【1】. The whole passage is about_________.
A．a bestseller in the US
B．what pe ople think about China’s entry into the WTO
C．the change in people’s attitude towards changes and challenges
D．how a book influences the Chinese workers
【答案】C
【解析】C主旨大意题。

本文通过介绍一家公司一夜间400人下岗的事情，引出讨论的话题，即如何应对生活或工作中突然发生的变动或者挑战，然后通过一位教授和一个公务员的话介绍了人们对待变动的态度，故判断C选项内容可以概括文章中心。

【2】The company in Beijing gave each of the 400 fired workers a copy of “Who Moved My Cheese ”in order to_________.
A．be more competitive with foreign firms
B．find an excuse for their job cuts
C．let the workers make a living on their own
D．encourage the fired workers
【答案】D
【解析】D细节理解题。

从文章第二段….. ask their employees to read it in order to encourage them to be active towards changes.判断答案选D。

【3】. The word “cheese” in the passage can refer to_________.
A．something we depend on
B．a most important kind of food
C．change or challenge
D．way of life
【答案】A
【解析】A 词义猜测题。

根据文章第三段内容Cheese is something related to everyone’s livelihood-Our jobs, the industries we work in, relationships and love as well.可以推断cheese在此处指人们赖以生存的东西，故答案选A。

【4】. From what Heng wei and Professor Zhang Yang said, we can know that____________. A．they have different opinions on changes and challenges
B．people are not afraid of competition from foreign companies
C．the Chinese people are ready to face any changes and challenges
D．they are both greatly encouraged by the book
【答案】C
【解析】C细节理解题。

根据文章后三段内容可知在新的经济环境下，中国人民已经做好了应对任何变化和挑战的准备，选C。

【考点】考查社会生活类短文阅读
3. Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it's painful ? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.
During the hours when you labour through your work you may say that you're "hot". That's true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak . For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening No one has discovered why this is so , but it leads to such familiar monologues（自言自语） as : "Get up, John! You'll be late for work again !" The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and -energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.
You can't change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help,Dr. Kleitman believes . Maybe you're sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway . Counteract（对抗/抵消）your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to .If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in
the day, rise before your usual hour. This won't change your cycle, but you'll get up steam and work better at your low point.
Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch . Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor . Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.
【1】If you wants to work more efficiently at your how point in the morning, you should _____. A．change his energy cycle B．overcome his laziness
C．get up earlier than usual D．go to bed earlier
【答案】C
【解析】细节题，由第三段倒数第二行rise before your usual hour可知如果你想在早上低谷的时候，工作的更好，应该比平常早起。

所以选C。

【2】You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will _____.
A．help to keep your energy for the day's work
B．help you to control your temper early in the day
C．enable you to concentrate on your routine work
D．keep your energy cycle under control all day
【答案】A
【解析】细节题：从最后一段的内容：Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy for your sharper hours .可知作者让读者早上起来的时候打个哈气伸伸懒腰，是为了保持一天工作的精力，选A。

【3】What’s the best title of the passage?
A．Change Your Habits B．Save Your Energy
C．Daily Energy Cycle D．Temperature- and-Energy Peak
【答案】C
【解析】主旨题，由第一段的句子：He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.可知本文的主要意思“每个人都有一个日常能量循环”，可以推出答案，故选C。

【4】The text is probably taken from a _________.
A．news report B．research paper C．medical textbook D．fashion journal
【答案】B
【解析】文章出处题：从文章第一段的句子：This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation.可知这是一个调查报告，所以选B。

【考点】考查日常生活类短文
4. Have you ever picked a job based on the fact that you were good at it but later found it made you feel very uncomfortable over time? When you select your career, there's a whole lot more to it than assessing your skills and matching them with a particular position. If you ignore your personality, it will hurt you long-term regardless of your skills or the job's pay. There are several
areas of your personality that you need to consider to help you find a good job. Here are a few
of those main areas;
1) Do you prefer working alone or with other people?
There are isolating（使孤立）jobs that will drive an outgoing person crazy and also interactive jobs that will make a shy person uneasy. Most people are not extremes in either direction but do have a tendency that they prefer. There are also positions that are sometimes a combination of the two, which may be best for someone in the middle who adapts easily to either situation.
2) How do you handle change?
Most jobs these days have some elements of change to them, but some are more than others.
If you need stability in your life, you may need a job where the changes don't happen so often. Other people would be bored of the same daily routine.
3) Do you enjoy working with computers？
I do see this as a kind of personality characteristic. There are people who are happy to spend more than 40 hours a week on a computer, while there are others who need a lot of human interaction throughout the day. Again, these are extremes and you'll likely find a lot of positions somewhere in the middle as well.
4) What type of work environment do you enjoy？
This can range from being in a large building with a lot of people you won't know immediately to
a smaller setting where you'll get to know almost all the people there fairly quickly.
5) How do you like to get paid?
Some people are motivated by the pay they get, while others feel too stressed to be like that.
The variety of payment designs in the sales industry is a typical example for this.
Anyway, these are a great starting point for you. I've seen it over and over again with people
that they make more money over time when they do something they love. It may take you a little longer, but making a move to do what you have a passion for can change the course of your life for the better.
【1】Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Isolating jobs usually drive people mad.
B．Almost everyone has a tendency in jobs.
C．Interactive jobs make people shy easily.
D．Extreme people tend to work with others.
【答案】B
【解析】考查推理判断。

根据文章第二段中的Most people are not extremes in either direction
but do have a tendency that they prefer.可知，大多数人不极端但他们有他们偏爱的倾向。

可推
知B正确。

A错是因为：孤立的工作使外向的人变疯狂，而不是所有的人；C项错因为：相互交
流的工作使害羞的人感到不自在，而不是使人更害羞；D错因为：文章没提到极端的人易于和其
他人合作。

【2】What does the underlined sentence in paragraph one mean?
A．Before you select your job, you should assess your skills and match them with your position B．You should ignore your skills when you select job.
C．Nothing is important than assessing skills and match them with the position when you select job.
D．There are more important things than assessing skills and match them with the position when you select job.
【答案】D
【解析】考查猜测句意。

根据文章第一段中的There are several areas of your personality that you need to consider to help you find a good job. Here are a few of those main areas; 可以推知：你在选择职业生涯的时候，除了技术和职位以外还有几个你个人的性格问题需要考虑。

这和选项
D相吻合。

【3】What is the missing word about a job search in the following chart?
A．Design.B．Changes.C．Cooperation.D．Hobbies.
【答案】C
【解析】考查推理判断。

此处skills技能，； Motivated动机； stability稳定； Environment环境。

根据文章提到第三个小标题可知，3) Do you enjoy working with computers？缺少合作这项内容。

故选C。

【4】What is the best title for this passage?
A．Lifestyles and Job Pay B．Jobs and Environment
C．Personalities and Jobs D．Job Skills and Abilities
【答案】C
【解析】考查文章的标题。

根据文章第一段中的中心句If you ignore your personality, it will hurt you long-term regardless of your skills or the job’s pay. There are several ar eas of your personality that you need to consider to help you find a good job. Here are a few of those main areas; 可知，文章讲述的是：人的特性和工作之间的关系。

故选C。

A.生活方式和工作报酬，B. Jobs and Environment工作和环境， D. Job Skills and Abilities工作技能和能力，都不能概括文章。

【考点】考查日常生活类短文
5.【1】 When a starving man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat; when an executive gets a new sports car, visions of country clubs and pleasure beats dance into view. The many wants of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels.
【答案】B
【解析】根据When a starving man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat; when an executive gets a new sports car, visions of country clubs and pleasure beats dance into view.可
知人想要的东西是无穷尽的，故选B。

【2】 .
The first and most basic level of wants involves food. Once this want is satisfied, a second level
of wants appears: clothing and some sort of shelter. By the end of World War II these wants
were satisfied for a great majority of Americans.
【答案】C
【解析】根据The many wants of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels.故选C。

【3】 It included such items as automobiles and new houses.
By 1957 or 1958 this third level of wants was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s a
fourth level of wants appeared: the “life-enriching” level. While the other l evels involve physical satisfaction－the feeding, comfort, safety, and transportation of the human body－this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement and happiness. It includes a variety of
goods and services, many of which could be called “luxury” items. Among them are vacation trips, the best medical care, and entertainment.
【答案】A
【解析】根据The first and most basic level of wants involves food. Once this want is satisfied,
a second level of wants appears: clothing and some sort of shelter. By the end of World War II these wants were satisfied for a great majority of Americans.可知前面提到了第一和第二标准，
所以这里说第三个标准出现了，故选A。

【4】
On this level, a greater percentage of consumer spending goes to services, while on the first three levels more is spent on goods. Will consumers raise their sights to a fifth level of wants as their income increases, or will they continue to demand luxuries and personal services on the fourth level?
A fifth level probably would involve wants that can be achieved best by community action. Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crime and prejudice.
【答案】F
【解析】根据It includes a variety of goods and services, many of which could be called “luxury” items. Among them are vacation trips, the best medical care, and entertainment，故选F。

【5】 In this way, we can enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.
A．Then a third level appeared.
B．Human wants seem endless.
C．When there is money enough to satisfy one level of wants, another level appears.
D．There are several levels of wants in one’s life.
E. At this stage, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure.
F. Also included here are fancy foods and the latest styles in clothing.
G. Different people have different wants on each level.
【答案】E
【解析】根据A fifth level probably would involve wants that can be achieved best by
community action. Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crime and prejudice. 以及In this way, we can enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.可知这里想说在这个阶段，我们可能去寻找健康、安全和空闲。

故选E。

【考点】考查日常生活类阅读
6. Researchers claimed that waitresses who wear red get up to 26 percent extra in tips than
they would wearing other colors. However, the team finds that the sexes tip very differently—
with the bigger tips coming only from male customers.
No matter what color they wear, female diners will give the same kind of amounts for service every time. Yet men, whether they realize it or not, add anything between 15 and 26 percent more to a waitress in red than they would if it was the same waitress wearing a different color. The test was simple. Take 11 waitresses in five restaurants over a six-week period and ask
them to wear the same kind of T-shirt every day but change the colors. Previous research has suggested waitresses could earn more if they acted charmingly or wore more make-up than
their colleagues. But this study, by the Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research, only changed the color of the T-shirt. Every other aspect from make-up to behavior remained the same.
When wearing either black, white, green, blue or yellow T-shirts, the size of the tips from both male and female customers was almost identical. But when they wore red, the size of the tips went up by between 15 and 26 percent from male customers, yet stayed the same from female ones.
A total of 272 restaurant customers were studied by researchers Nicolas Gueguen and Celine Jacob for the international journal of the tourism industry.
Even as a T-shirt, it shows just how much the color red is thought, by men, to increase the physical and sexual attractiveness of woman, said the researchers.
The researchers wrote: As red color has no negative effect on women customers, it could be in their interest to wear clothes at work.
【1】The underlined word “identical” in Para. 4 probably means____________________. A．different B．similar C．the same D．close
【答案】C
【解析】C词义推测题。

根据此词后面一句But when they wore red, the size of the tips went up by between 15 and 26 percent from male customers, yet stayed the same from female ones.可知identical是the same之意。

故C正确。

【2】 According to the passage, in the research by the Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research waitresses could earn more by _________________.
A．wearing red T-shirts B．putting on attractive make-up C．changing the color of T-shirts D．behaving themselves
【答案】A
【解析】A推理判断题。

根据文章第四段最后一句But when they wore red, the size of the tips went up by between 15 and 26 percent from male customers, yet stayed the same from female ones.可以得出答案。

故A正确。

【3】Which of the following is right according to the passage?
A．Bright color can increase the physical and sexual attractiveness of women. B．Waitresses in red make no difference to female customers.
C．Make-up makes no difference to man customers.
D．Whether male customers tips more or not depends on service.
【答案】B
【解析】B细节理解题。

根据文章第四段最后一句yet stayed the same from female ones可以知道对女性顾客没有任何影响。

故B正确。

【4】What is the main idea of the passage?
A．People tip differently if waitresses wear different make-up.
B．Waitresses who wear red get more tips than they would wearing other colors.
C．Male customers are more interested in the red color.
D．Red color has no negative effect on female customers.
【答案】B
【解析】B主旨大意题。

根据文章大意，研究发现：服务员穿红色衣服能够拿到更多的小费。

与B项描述一致。

故B正确。

【考点】考查说明文阅读
7. Human beings are the most intelligent of all animals because we are gifted with the ability to think and reason logically. Scientists and even common people with special intelligence have made a lot of inventions and contributions to modern lifestyle in the past. "Houses" have been the most popular area for discoveries and inventions in the past and even now.
Many household items have been the result of inventions of people who desired better
functioning of the existent products. Every individual has intelligence and if it is used properly for the right purpose it leads to invention of a new tool or device. Many new household inventions are made almost every day and there are specific companies, which particularly keep a record of all these inventions.
A lot of inventions have been made recently in the household field. These products are patented （专利的）and have trade mark licenses（许可）. The patented sliding cinch is a very simple but effective method to prevent shoulder stress and injury for those who work before computers all day long. Vanity PC is a type of computer furniture that specifically hides all the computer wires and keeps a clean and good look. All the outdoor dust, mud and snow can be kept out of the house by installing（安装）the dirt drain（排水管）at the entrance of the door. Another important invention is the automatic toilet night-light, in which a small light starts when the lid of the toilet seat is opened and closes as soon as the lid（盖子）is closed.
These are some of the new household inventions invented mostly by common people. Thus, a variety of new household items are invented every day, which helps in a better functioning of household chores（家务）and in a more useful manner.
【1】The first paragraph is intended to _____________.
A．stress the importance of inventions
B．introduce the topic of the article
C．show the advantages of modern lifestyle
D．tell the differences between human beings and animals
【答案】B
【解析】B推理判断题。

作者在文章开篇讲述了人们靠智慧做出了很多发明，并且指出"Houses"是最受欢迎的发明领域，然后下文围绕着家居用品的发明展开行文，所以文章首段起到了开篇点题，引出下文的作用，故B选项正确。

【2】 According to the passage, people make house inventions to _____________.
A．earn more money and gain awards
B．accumulate their wealth
C．improve the present living conditions
D．meet the new demands of new science
【答案】C
【解析】C细节理解题。

根据文章第二段Many household items have been the result of inventions of people who desired better functioning of the existent products.可知发明家居用品的目的就是提高人们的生活水平，选C。

【3】 It can be inferred that the sliding cinch is used to ___________.
A．prevent your shoulder from being over-pressured
B．keep your shoulder safe and sound when you are in an accident or an operation
C．help you practice your shoulder more often and reduce shoulder pains
D．cover your shoulder and make it stronger to resist the outside strike
【答案】A
【解析】A细节理解题。

根据The patented sliding cinch is a very simple but effective method to prevent shoulder stress 可知the sliding cinch 是用来缓解肩部压力的，故A选项正确。

【4】Common people can also make good inventions because ___________.
A．wisdom and inspiration sometimes come from everyday life
B．some inventions are easy to be made and can be mastered by them
C．common people have a strong desire to do something for science research
D．success is often connected with hardship and bitter experience of common people
【答案】A
【解析】A推理判断题。

由常识可知发明是来自人们的实际需要和人们的灵感，而且这个信息也
贯穿文章始终，所以A选项正确。

【5】The passage mainly talks about _______________.
A．the correct use of household facilities
B．different ideas about household inventions
C．the history of household inventions
D．household inventions and their influence
【答案】D
【解析】D主旨大意题。

文章开头通过谈论一些有用的发明引出家居用品这一话题，然后在以下
段落中讲述这些日常用品如何提高了人们的生活水平，同时也介绍了一些家居领域的新发明等，
由此可知文章主要讲述了家居用品的发明和它们给人们生活带来的影响，所以D选项正确。

【考点】考查社会生活类短文阅读。

8. Believe it or not, there is always something nice to do on weekends. If you take some time to think about your weekends and plan them carefully, they may become more exciting, refreshing and as a result more rewarding.
Throughout weekends, you can join in endless activities. You may attend a weekend course to increase your knowledge, for example, listen to a lecture on ancient Egypt. You may also try various activities, such as short countryside trip, or you may want to go skiing on a cold winter weekend.
You may invite your best friend to a picnic, tell each other jokes an d enjoy each other’s
company or you may invite more friends to your weekend party and have one another give a talent show.
You can help out in a local library or nursing home and do some voluntary (义务的) jobs.
You can go to a sports ground or amusement centre to play various ball games and others. You may do weekend shopping alone or with somebody. Whatever you do, I hope you have a good weekend.
【1】The passage mainly tells us ______.
A．why to plan weekends well
B．how to have a nice weekend
C．when to attend weekend activities
D．where to have a picnic with friends
【答案】B
【解析】B 主旨大意题。

根据第一段可总结出本篇内容主要是告诉我们如何度过一个愉快的周末。

所以答案选B。

【2】The author suggests doing all the activities EXCEPT ______.
A．going skiing B．doing some shopping
C．holding a party D．going over lessons
【答案】D
【解析】D细节题。

根据文章的句子you may want to go skiing 说明有A项活动；You may do weekend shopping alone or with somebody.说明有B项活动；you may invite more friends to your weekend party 说明有C项活动，则这样可以排除后只有D是作者没有提到的活动。

【3】According to the passage one can go to ______ as a volunteer.
A．a nursing home B．a sports ground
C．a big company D．a shopping centre
【答案】A
【解析】A 细节题。

根据倒数第二段的句子You can help out in a local library or nursing home and do some voluntary jobs.因此选A。

【考点】考查日常生活类短文阅读
9. Bob was a clever college student, but his family was poor, so he had to work after class and during his holidays to get enough money for his studies.
One summer he got a job in a butcher's shop (肉店) during the day time, and another in a hospital at night. In the shop, he learned to cut and sell meat. He did so well that the butcher went into a room behind the shop to do all the accounts ( 算账) .In the hospital, of course, Bob was told to do only the easiest jobs. He helped to lift people and carry them from one part of the hospital to another. Both in the butcher's shop and in the hospital, Bob had to wear white clothes.
One evening in the hospital, Bob had to help to carry a woman from her bed to the operating - room. The woman already felt frightened when she thought about the operation. When she saw Bob coming to get her, she felt even more frightened.
"No! No!" she cried. "Not a butcher! I won't let a butcher operate on me!" with these words ,she fainted away.
【1】Bob had to work after class and during his holidays because_________.
A．his father told him to make more friends
B．he wanted to become a rich man
C．his family couldn’t support him
D．he had nothing to do at home.
【答案】C
【解析】C细节理解题。

根据第一段his family was poor, so he had to work after class and during his holidays to get enough money for his studies.，所以C正确。

【2】One summer Bob_________.
A．wanted to become not only a butcher but also a doctor.
B．got two different jobs at two places
C．was free only at night
D．worked only during the daytime
【答案】B
【解析】B细节理解题。

根据One summer he got a job in a butcher's shop (肉店) during the。