日常生活类阅读理解专训(含答案)

日常生活类阅读理解专训（含答案）
(一)
We spend about one-third of our lives asleep．This may sould like a lot of time，but it is not wasted．Our bodies need sleep to stay healthy．Not getting enough aleep can make us sick．Sleep and our immune〔免疫〕system
The immune system protects the body fro m diseases and infections〔传染〕．Not getting enough sleep hurts this protective system．
The Mayo Clinic is a research hospital in the United States．Its website explains that when we sleep our bodies produce proteins〔蛋白质〕that support sleep and help us fight infections．They add that infection-fighting antibodies〔抗体〕are reduced during periods when you don’t get enough sleep．
A new study from the University of Washington in the U．S．seems to confirm this．Dr．Nathaniel Watson was the lead writer of the study．Watson says his study shows that the immune system works best when the body gets enough sleep．For the study，Watson and his team studied 11 pairs of twins．This is an important difference from other sleep studies．Other research did not study twins．Researchers found that the twin who slept less had a weaker immune system．Watson says his study showed for the first time that a long-term lack〔缺乏〕of sleep shuts down parts of the immune system．He says parts that move white blood cells around the body are influenced．White blood cells fight infections in the body．
Watson’s study provides more evidence〔证据〕that sleep is important to〝overall health〞．And sleep is especially important to immune health．
The researchers published their findings in the magazine Sleep．
How much sleep is enough?
To stay in good health，experts at the Mayo Clinic say that adults should get 7 to 8 hours of sleep．Teenagers need 9 to 10 hours．And school-aged children may need more than 10 hours of sleep a night．
Experts say our sleep becomes poor in our 30s．By the time we reach our 50s，the average person has lost 50 percent of their ability to have a restful sleep．These people also have trouble falling asleep and staying asleep through the night．From middle age on，they say these problems only get worse，and they can influence our health．
Signs you may not be getting enough sleep
●You’re always hungry or you’ve gained weight．
●You have trouble making decisions．
●You have trouble remembering things．
●Your skin doesn’t look good．
●You are having trouble seeing．
()1．From the first three paragraphs we know that ．
A.it is a waste to spend about one-third of our lives asleep
B.we’ll become seriously ill if we don’t have enough sleep
C.enough sleep does good to infection-fighting antibodies
D.immune system is protected when people begin to sleep
()2．From Watson’s study，we know ．
A.enough sleep helps the immune system w ork well
B.the study of twins is a kind of common sleep study
C.twins need less sleep but have stronger immune system
D.sleeping for a long time is important to immune health
()3．Which of the following is right according to the passage？
A.People don’t need 7 to 8 hours of sleep a night in their fifties．
B.The less you sleep every night，the more weight you’ll lose．
C.Teenagers should get more than 10 ho urs of sleep a night．
D.If your memory gets worse，you may not get enough sleep．
()4．What will probably be written in the following part？
A.How to improve your sleep B．How important enough sleep is!
C.How amazing if you look good!D．How to avoid trouble of seeing
(二)
It's a common belief that over time, pet owners start to look like their animals. Now comes the terrifying news that cats look up to their owners
as role models and copy their behaviour.
Next time you reach for your fridge, think twice. If your cat is watching, she will probably overeat as well.
In a new study from the University of Messina, it turns out that indoor cats who live closely to their owners 〝mirror〞the lives of their caregivers. They sleep at the same time, eat at the same time, and can even become more or less social depending on the behaviour of their owners.
〝Cats are clever animals with a long memory,〞Jane Brunt, director of the Catalyst Council, told Discovery News. 〝They watch and learn from us, noting the patterns of our actions, knowing where their food is kept and what time to expect to be fed, how to open the cupboard door that's been improperly closed, and where their feeding and toileting areas are.〞Because cats copy our habits, if you spend a lot of time raiding(搜刮)the fridge, your cat will return to its food bowl for that midnight snack, too. According to the study, this explains why 〝human and cat overweight rates often seem to match〞．
There's no word if drinking green tea and making sure you go to yoga will benefit (使受益) your cat, but based on the study, it sounds like sticking to a healthy eating and sleeping habit is best for both of you.
There's a lot we can learn from our cats in return. 〝When they sit softly breathing , eyes half closed, the sense of peace and calm that comes over us is like a private less on in inner meditation(冥想)，〞Brunt said. They're probably pretty good at remaining calm.
So, according to science, though we think that cats are not close to us all these years, it turns out they are in fact learning from us and looking up to us. Scary, huh?
() 1. What does the word 〝terrifying〞in paragraph 1 probably mean?
A. 可怕的
B. 快乐的
C. 伤心的
D. 无聊的() 2. According to the passage, which of the following is WRONG?
A. Cats can copy humans' behaviours.
B. Cats are smart and have a long memory.
C. Green tea and yoga can benefit cats.
D. Humans can learn from cats in some way.
() 3. What does the underlined word 〝this〞in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Humans' keeping searching the fridge.
B. Humans' drinking green tea and going to yoga
C. Cats' copying humans' habit of looking for food.
D. Cats' going to their owners for food.
() 4. What can we learn from our cats?
A. To remain peaceful.
B. To be able to copy.
C. To stay hungry.
D. To look up to friends.
() 5. The best title for the passage could be 〝________〞．
A. Your cat can bring you pleasure
B. You are copying your cat
C. You can make your cat social
D. Your cat is copying your habit
(三)
THIS year the US Mint will honor one of the country’s most famous writers.
〝Mark Twain〞, the pen name of Samuel Clemens(1835-1911) is loved by American readers for his novels Tom Sawyer(1876) and The Adventures of Huckberry Finn(1844).
Now he is going to have his life and work commemorated(纪念) with special gold and silver coins.
But does Twain need to be commemorated? It doesn’t seem like people in the US will forget him. Twain once joked that a lack(缺少)of money is the root of all evil(罪恶)〞but a lack of money with Twain’s famous face on it wouldn’t have made people forget about him.
The Adventures of Huckberry Finn is thought to be his greatest works.
Motherless Huck Finn is a young boy who shows the spirit of freedom. But it could be said that Huck’s freedom really comes from Huck wanting to fly. When Huck gets away from his violent(暴力的) father, he isn’t really looking for freedom, but survival.
It’s even more of a problem for a slave. Jim, the escaped(逃跑的) slave who Huck helps, makes Huck’s life seem even better. It’s easier not to be able to deal with someone who wants to force you to go to school than to have to fight a law that says you are a piece of property(财富).
Huck and Jim’s friendship, as shown by Mark Twain, is one of the great stories in American literature because it shows a white character, Huck, who gets an idea of the African American experience.
Mark Twain is famous and would still be famous without any special coins. Anyway, the coins could be a reason to look again at the work of a writer who got under the skin of the US in the 19th century.
With the race issue(种族效果) far from dead in the US today, perhaps Twain still has something to teach today’s readers.
()1. How many novels is mentioned written by Mark Twain in this passage?
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four
()2. Why is The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn considered Twain’s greatest works?
A. It talks about how a black slave runs away from his violent owner.
B. It describes an everlasting friendship between people of different races.
C. It describes the social problem that a lack of money is the root of all evil.
D. It talks about a white American understanding the African American experience.
()3. According to the passage, which statement is NOT true?
A. Huck gets away from his father for survival.
B. Jim escapes from his slave owner for freedom.
C. Twain dug deeply into American society of his times.
D. Without the special coins, he’ll probably be forgotten.
()4. The underlined phrase 〝far from dead〞probably means _______.
A. still being there.
B. Becoming more serious.
C. Being in danger.
D. Gone for a long time.
()5. What’s the main purpose of the article?
A. To tell the story of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.
B. To tell readers about the special coins created to honor Mark Twain.
C. To explore why the US still remembers and honors Mark Twain.
D. To draw readers’ attention to the many race issues in the US today.
(四)
You either have it, or you don’t—a sense of direction. But why is it that some people could find their way across the Sahara without a map while others can lose themselves in the next street?
Scientists say we’re all born with a sense of direction, but it is not properly understood how it works. One theory(实际) is that people with a good sense of direction have simply worked harder at developing it. Research being carried out at Liverpool University supports this idea and suggests that if we don’t use it, we lose it.
〝Children as young as seven ha ve the ability to find their way around,〞says Jim Martland, research director of the project. 〝However, if they are not allowed out alone or are taken everywhere by car, they never develop the skills.〞
Jim Martland also emphasizes that young people should be taught certain skills to improve their sense of direction. He makes the following suggestions:
l If you are using a map, turn it to the way you are facing.
l If you leave your bike in a strange place, put it near something like a big stone or a tree—something easy to recognize(辩认). Note landmarks(地标) on the route as you go away from your bike. When you return, go back along the same route.
l The simple way of finding your direction by using lines such as streets in a town, streams, or wells in the countryside to guide you. Count your steps so that you know how far you have gone and note any landmarks such as tall buildings or hills which can help to find out where you are.
Now you will never get lost again!
1. Children have the ability to find the way around when they are ______ years old.
A. 5
B. 6
C. 7
D. 8
2. Which of the following things cannot be used as landmarks?
A. Tall buildings.
B. Hills.
C. Wells.
D. Bikes.
3. What does the underlined word 〝emphasize〞mean in the passage?
A. To give special importance to something.
B. To express thanks for somebody.
C. To understand or realize a fact.
D. To admire somebody.
4. Scientists believe that __________.
A. some babies are born with a sense of direction
B. people learn a sense of direction as they grow older
C. people never lose their sense of direction
D. everybody has a sense of direction from birth
5. What may be the best title of the passage?
A. A research on direction.
B. The sense of direction.
C. People’s ability of finding the way.
D. Scientists’ research on skills.
(五)
Is your TV connected to the Internet? What about your chair, or your fridge? Probably they are not. But in the future, most things in your home may be connected, thanks to the so-called 〝Internet of things〞.
The Internet of things may be coming sooner than you think. Earlier this year, Samsung CEO spent a lot of time talking about the Internet things. He said that five years from now, every Samsung product will be part of the Internet of things, no matter whether it’s a remote control or a washing machine.
So, how do household(家用的) objects that are part of the Internet of things work? Well, think of a common chair. When connected to the Internet, the chair warms up when it knows the user has just walked into the room and is feeling cold.
An Internet-connected camera could help people feel safer in their homes. It can know people’s faces and has an infrared sensor(红外传感器), so even if it’s dark it can see when someone passes by and send you a message on your smartphone to let you know who’s there. If the person is someone you don’t know, it can tell you that, too.
But according to MIT Technology Roview, whether companies are connecting dog food bowls or security (平安)systems to the Internet, there may be some problems. For example, many early connected-home objects don’t have much built-in security, which means they could be hacked(被黑客攻击). Moreover, it could be difficult to get these new machines to work together especially when they are made by different companies. To fight this, many companies have joined the Open Interconnect Consortium, which had 45 members by late 2021.
So, picture this: you enter your home. The temperature changes to make you feel comfortable. Your favorite music starts playing for you. Do you think that this would be a good thing? It may happen sooner than you think.
() 1. The Samsung CEO's speech is mentioned to prove that ______.
A. Samsung has produced the Internet of things recently
B. the Internet of things will appear in our daily life sooner
C. Samsung products have been part of the Internet of things
D. he spent a lot of time talking about the Internet of things
() 2. We can infer(推断)from paragraphs 3 and 4 that ______.
A. the chair can know whether the user feels cold or not
B. a usual chair can warm up when it knows the user comes in
C. an Internet-connected camera can be used to take photos in the house
D. an Internet-connected camera can be connected to the user's smartphone
() 3. Paragraph 5 is mainly about ______.
A. the possible problems of 〝the Internet of things〞
B. the problems with early connected-home objects
C. how to get different new machines working together
D. how to solve the 〝the Internet of things〞problems
() 4. Which of the following words best describes the writer’s tone(语气) in the article?
A. Worried
B.Doubtful
C.Hopeful
D. Humorous
(六)
Almost every day, we discuss the topic of health, especially for kids. But what is health? "Health" means eating well, getting enough exercise, and having a healthy weight. Let's read the following rules. They can help you stay healthy.
Eat a variety of foods, especially fruits and vegetables.
We all know that eating fruits and vegetables can help us stay healthy, but many of us only eat our favorite foods. Remember that we can only get the nutrition (营养) we need by eating different kinds of food, especially fruits and vegetables.
Drink water and milk most often.
Everyone knows that water is important. Besides that, kids need plenty of calcium(钙)to grow strong bones, and milk has a lot of it. Every day, you should drink at least three cups of milk (1300 milligrams of calcium), when you are 9 years old or older. You should also try to have less sugary drinks like soda and coca. They include a lot of added sugar. Sugar just includes calories without any important nutrition.
Listen to your body.
When you are eating, notice how you body feels. When your stomach feels comfortably full, stop eating. Eating too much makes you feel uncomfortable. If you do it too often, it can make you unhealthy and fat.
Limit screen time.
What's screen time? It's the amount of time you spend watching TV, movies, and playing computer games. The more time you spend on these sitting-down activities, the less time you spend playing sports, like-basketball, and doing other activities like bike riding and swimming. Try to spend no more than 2 hours a day on screen time.
()1. According to the passage, "health" includes all of the following EXCEPT__________.
A. eating well
B. doing more exercises
C. having a healthy weight
D. wearing comfortably
() 2. The underlined phrase "a variety of" means__________.
A. all kinds of
B. plenty of
C. several
D. the rest of
() 3. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Eating more fruits and vegetables is good for people.
B. We should eat and drink something with less sugar.
C. When we are full, we should stop eating, no matter how delicious the food is.
D. We should spend the same time on both sitting-down activities and on sports.
() 4. What's the best title for the passage?
A. How to Eat Healthily
B. Eating and Playing Are Both Important
C. Tips for Staying Healthy
D. Health Is Very Important
(七)
What is a good excuse to ask for some time off ? At your school, sickness may be the only one. But in British schools, family events are also
well-accepted ones. The National Association of Head Teachers in the UK has
written new guidelines about students asking for leave. They will allow parents
to take their children out of school for family weddings(婚礼) or funerals(葬
礼)or visiting an ill relative.
This is a change from the 2021 guidelines that stopped parents taking children out of school without permission. Otherwise, they could have gotten a fine of 60 pounds (about 600 yuan) or faced court(法庭). Family events were not proper excuse to get permission.
Many parents complained(埋怨) about this rule.
〝Taking family events is very important for children growth and that in itself a lesson the schools cannot ever teach our children,〞John Hemming,chairman of Parents Want A Say organization, told The Independent.
The new change supports this idea and gives permission to students taking time off for family events. It’s now OK for British students to take time off for family events.
In China, however, many students rarely have time off for family events.
〝That’s part of the reason for the generation gap (代沟)between parents and children,〞Guo Hongxia, research at National Institute of Education Sciences, wrote in China Education Daily.
() 1. In Chinese schools, _________ is a good excuse to ask for time off.
A. any excuse
B. only sickness
C. school sport
D. family event
() 2. In the UK now, parents won’t allow to take out their children out of school because of ___.
A. family weddings
B. family funerals
C. fishing organization
D. visiting an ill relative
() 3. Before 2021, _________could get a fine or face court after taking children out without permission in the UK.
A. Parents Want A Say
B. the head teachers of the school
C. children’s teachers
D. children’s parents
() 4. The phrase this idea of the sentence The new change supports this ides refers to _______.
A. schools can’t teach children the important growth lesson in family events
B. family events were not proper excuse to get permission after 2021
C. the Independent didn’t agree with Parents Want A Say .
D. taking family events isn’t important for the children’s growth
() 5. According to the passage, we know that _________.
A. in the UK, there’s a big generation gap between parents and children
B. in china, many students seldom have time off for family events
C. there’s no difference between the rules of taking day off in the world
D. all the students aren’t allowed to take time off for family events
(八)
Is reading better than watching TV? I believe it is. Is reading better than playing video games? I’m not so sure if it is. If learning is important to you, but not necessarily so，and if pleasure is what you want，these activities can be pleasant in their own way, Reading might be better than many activities if you want to educate yourself and improve your chances of succeeding in your
work.
If you’re serious about creating the/habit of reading，what’s important is finding a time you can read every day—often that’s early morning or late at night，or both. For others, it might be during their lunch break. You only need to read for 10 to 20 minutes a day to form the habit.
Then，you need to find a place that’s comfortable. Make sure it has good lighting, the temperature is nice and you’re in a good chair. Or you can find some place that you can relax in without falling asleep, although there’s nothing wrong with sleep.
Next，be sure to shut off the TV，Internet，cell phone，radio, or other music. Let reading be a quiet time. Mark an 〝x〞on your calendar every day you read, and try to keep your unbroken 〝x〞es going as long as possible. A habit is much easier to form if it’s something you enjoy, not something you are made to do. So make the time, you spend reading a joy. I’ve been a lifelong reader, so the pleasure of a good book is one of my favorite things in the world. I love to lose myself in the world of a book.
()1. The importance of reading depends on ______.
A. what you’re going to read
B. why you want to read
C. where you decide to read
D. when you begin to read
()2. If you want to create a habit of reading，the first thing to do is to ______.
A. ask the writer for some advice
B. find a comfortable place
C. make a proper time plan
D.mark an 〝x〞on the new calendar
()3. While you are reading，you'd better ______.
A.make sure you are alone
B.mark a big 〝x〞in your notebook
C find a good chair with good lighting D.be concentrated and quiet
()4. Reading may become your habit more easily when ______.
A.it is something you enjoy
B. you don’t use Internet or cell phones
C.your unbroken〝x〞es last for a long time
D.you spend 10 to 20 minutes reading after lunch
()5. Which of the following CANNOT be used to describe the writer?
A.He prefers to play video games rather than watch TV.
B. He is an old man with the best reading habit.
C.He thinks it’s normal to fall asleep while reading.
D.He has done a lot of research on reading.
(九)
If music makes you smarter and exercise helps you to think, surely exercising to music can turn you into a clever person.
A team of scientists from Ohio State University did experiments on 33 volunteers who were getting better from heart disease after operations. They found those volunteers who exercised while listening to Italian musician Antonio Vivaldi’s The Four Seasons did much better on language ability tests than without music. It is also used in medical fields for patients who have had head hurts because of its moderate tempo (舒缓的节拍).
〝Exercise seems to cause good changes in the nerve (神经) system and these changes may improve the learning ability of people with heart disease,〞said Charles Emery, who led the study. 〝And listening to music is thought to enhance understanding. We just wanted to put the
two results together,〞he added.
The volunteers said they felt better after exercising with or without music. But their improvement on the test doubled after listening to music during exercise. Scientists have proved that music can be good for health and education. It helps reduce stress and sadness, encourage relaxation or sleep, wake up the body and improve memory and thoughts.
Scientists have been studying the results of exercise to music on learning and understanding since the early 1950s. A study showed that students who listened to Mozart’s violin pieces and exercised went on to get higher marks in an IQ test. With important exams drawing near, your parents will not probably allow you to listen to music or play sports. But perhaps now you have good reasons to argue with them.
()1. What does the underlined word 〝enhance〞mean?
A. produce
B. provide
C. improve
D. impress
()2. From the last paragraph we can learn that ______.
A. you should follow your parents’ words
B. you have some good reasons to join in an IQ test
C. good marks depend on listening to music and exercising
D. exercise to music might help you get higher grades in tests
()3. Which of the following statements is true?
A. Music helps volunteers get better from heart disease.
B. Exercise is used for people with head hurts.
C. Exercise causes no changes in health without music.
D. Music can help you relax and feel energetic.
()4. What might be the best title of the passage?
A. Exercise to Music
B. Music and study
C. Importance of Music
D. Studies on Exercise
(十)
Some people make you feel comfortable when they are around. You spend an hour with them and feel as if you have known them half your life. These people have something in common. And once we know what it is, we can try to do it ourselves.
How is it done? Here are several skills that good talkers have. If you follow the skills, they’ll help people feel relaxed and make friends with them quickly.
First of all, good talkers ask questions. Almost anyone, no matter how shy he is, will answer a question. One well-known businesswoman says, 〝At business lunches, I always ask people what they did that morning. It’s a common question, but it will get things going.〞From there you can move on to other matters—sometimes to really personal questions. And how he answers will let you know how far you can go.
Second, once good talkers have asked questions, they listen to the answers. This point seems clear, but it isn’t. Your questions should have a point and help to tell what type of person you are talking to. And to find out, you really have to listen carefully and attentively. Real listening at least means some things. First it means not to change the subject of conversation. If someone sticks to one topic, you can take it as a fact that he’s really interested in it. Real listening also means not just listening to words, but to tones of voice. If the voice sounds dull, then, it’s time for you to change the subject.
Finally, good talkers know well how to deal with the moment of saying goodbye. If you’re saying good-bye, you may give him a firm handshake and say, 〝I’ve really enjoyed meeting you.〞If you want to see that person again, don’t keep it a secret. Let people know what you feel, and they may walk away feeling as if they’ve known you half their life.
1. Asking questions might be a quite good and suitable way ______.
A. to begin your business talks
B. for you to make new friends
C. to get the conversation going smoothly
D. for you to impress others with your questions
2. After having asked somebody a question, it’ll be polite of you to ______.
A. go on asking him more questions
B. listen to his or her reply carefully
C. sit quietly without saying anything
D. make clear what kind of person he is
3. Generally speaking, good talkers are persons who ______.
A. always speak in a gentle way
B. know how to change the topic properly
C. never talk too much or too little
D. are good at making any topic interesting
4. If you really want to meet someone again, ______.
A. it seems necessary for you to let him know it
B. you may take him as your lifelong true friend
C. you are sure to have further understanding of him
D. it’s proper for you to give him a second handshake
(十一)
Many of us have a certain pose for photos, but have you ever noticed which side you naturally turn?
According to US science writer Sam Kean, people tend to turn to the right and show the left side of their faces.
That might be because the left side of our faces looks better than our right side. This may have something to do with our brain. The right side of the brain, which controls the left side of the body, deals more with emotions. So the left half of faces are often more expressive(富有表现力的), The Atlantic reported.
During studies, it is found that more than 60 percent of famous paintings since the 14th century showed people’s left side of the face.
But when it comes to self-portraits, artists have traditionally drawn themselves from the right.
Yet this doesn’t mean the left side phenomenon(现象) is wrong. As Professor Marco Bertamini from Liverpool University explained, self-portraits are usually painted through a mirror. For example, if an artist shows his left side to a mirror, and draws what he can see, the final picture on the paper would show the head facing to the right.
The front-facing camera on smart phones works the same way as a mirror. When people take selfies(自拍照) using a front-facing camera, most of them take a photo with their head facing to the right.
〝Our results show that a preference(偏爱) for self-portraits showing one’s left side, even if this appears as a right face in the mirror-reversed(反转的)display,〞Bertamini told The Guardian.。