调控下颌骨发育的转录因子家族的研究进展

调控下颌骨发育的转录因子家族的研究进展
脊椎动物的下颌骨发育涉及一系列信号分子和转录因子，颅神经嵴细胞（CNCC）的迁移、定位和调控是下颌骨发育的关键。

转录因子家族在颅面组织发育中有着重要的作用，其表达在某种程度上决定了CNCC的特异性。

此文就DLX基因家族、MSX基因家族、OTX基因家族、GSC基因家族、PITX基因家族、PAX基因家族、PRX基因家族、BARX基因家族和HAND基因家族以及其他调控下颌骨发育转录因子家族的研究进展作一综述。

标签：下颌骨；发育；调控；转录因子
Research progress on transcription factor families regulating mandibular developmentChen Yanze1, Shi Ce1, Sun Hongchen1, Lin Chongtao2.（1. Dept. of Oral Pathology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China;
2. Dept. of Periodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China）
[Abstract]The development of vertebrate mandible involves a series of signaling molecules and transcription factors. The migration, orientation and regulation of the cranial neural crest cell（CNCC）are the key to mandibular development. The transcription factor families play an essential role in the development of mandible and their ex－pression partly determines the specificity of CNCC. In this review, researches on DLX, MSX, OTX, GSC, PITX, PAX, PRX, BARX, HAND and other transcription factor families involved in regulation of mandibular development were reviewed.
[Key words]mandible；development；regulation；transcription factor族调控软骨细胞、成骨细胞和破骨细胞等成骨细胞系的增殖和分化[1]，可以靶向识别内皮素1信号，参与口唇区发育等多种生命活动。

小鼠中含有7个Dlx基因，即Dlx-1～7，其中Dlx-4和Dlx-7是一个基因的同功型，这些基因成对集中转录[2]。

胚胎学研究证实，小鼠在胚胎期第10～10.5天即决定了颅面结构的发育和表型，这对小鼠BA-1始基的分化和发育非常重要[3]。

胚胎期第10～10.5天正是Dlx基因家族在BA-1中模式表达调控的阶段，因此，Dlx基因家族是调控BA-1发育的主要候选基因[4]。

目前，有关BA-1发育的研究多集中于Dlx基因家族。

在颅面发育中，DLX基因家族成员在外胚层和间充质均有表达，其编码子分布在下颌骨始基的不同区域。

DLX-1和2基因调控上颌骨发育，DLX-5和6基因决定下颌骨的最终成形。

钝化DLX-1和2基因导致上颌骨缺陷，DLX-5和6基因缺陷导致下颌骨发生同源异型转化，形似上颌骨。

DLX-1、2、5和6基因在BA-1的各个区域内调控下游基因的差异性表达[5]。

!!!!!2010, 58（7）：669-678.
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