【英语】高考英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读Unit2Robots教师用书新人教版选修7

【关键字】英语
Unit 2 Robots
Ⅰ.写作单词——会拼写
1．sympathy n．同情(心)
2．favour n．&vt. 喜爱；恩惠；偏袒
3．accompany vt. 陪伴；伴奏
4．declare vt. 宣布；声明；表明；宣称
5．bound adj. 一定的；密切相关的
6．junior adj.&n. 较年幼的；资历较浅的；地位较低的；年少
者；晚辈；等级较低者
7．divorce n．&vt. 离婚；断绝关系；与……离婚
8．elegant adj. 优雅的；高雅的；讲究的
9．desire n．&vt. 渴望；欲望；渴求；希望得到；想要
→desirable adj. 令人满意的；值得要的
10．satisfy vi.&vt. 令人满意；满足
→satisfying adj. 令人满意的
→satisfied adj. 满意的
→unsatisfied adj. 不满意的
→satisfaction n. 满意；满足；令人满意的事物
11．alarm vt.&n. 使警觉；使惊恐；警报
→alarmed adj. 担心的；害怕的
→alarming adj. 使人惊恐的；令人惊慌的
12．obey vt.&vi. 服从；顺从
→disobey vt.&vi. 不服从；违抗
13．talent n. 天才；特殊能力；才干
→talented adj. 有才气的；有才能的
Ⅱ.阅读单词——要识记
14．overweight adj. 超重的；体重超常的
15．pile n. 堆；摞；叠
vi. & vt. 堆起；把……堆起；积聚
16．scan vt. 细看；仔细检查；浏览；扫描
17．awful adj. 极坏的；极讨厌的；可怕的；(口语)糟透的
18．envy vt. 忌妒；羡慕
高频短语——会默写
1．test out 考验出；检验完
2．take sth. seriously 认真对待……
3．set aside 将……放在一边；
为……节省或保留(钱或时间) 4．be bound to 一定做……
5．ring up 给……打电话
6．leave... alone 不管；别惹；让……一个人待着7．in all 一共；总计
8．be pleased with... 对……感到满意
9．prevent (from) doing sth. 阻止……做某事
10．turn around 转向，回转
sb.doing sth.不允许某人做某事) immediately.
精讲4个考纲单词
desire n．渴望；欲望；渴求 vt.希望得到；想要
[高考佳句] Psychologists have suggested that science as an effort—the desire to explore，explain，and understand our world—is simply something that comes from our babyhood.(2016年浙江高考·阅读理解)心理学家已经表明科学作为一种努力——去探索，解释和理解我们世界的欲望——只是来自我们童年的事情。

(1)have a strong desire
(2)desire to do sth. 渴望做某事
desire sb.to do sth. 想要某人做某事
desire that... (should)do sth. 渴望……
①We always desire to live(live)in peace with all the other countries in the world.
我们一直希望与世界上其他国家和平相处。

②The teacher desired that all the exercises (should) be handed (hand) in before school was over.
老师要求所有练习放学前交上来。

favour n．喜爱；恩惠；帮忙；优惠 vt.喜爱；偏袒
[经典例句] She helps me out when I have too much to do，and I'll return the favour when I can.
我忙的时候她来帮忙，我能帮她的时候就还她情。

(1)ask sb.a favour 请某人帮忙
do sb.a favour 帮某人一个忙
owe sb.a favour 欠某人一个人情
(2)in favour of 同意；支持；优先选择
in one's favour 有利于某人
①Do me a favour and turn the radio down while I'm on the phone.
请您帮我个忙，在我打电话的时候关小收音机。

②I owed(owe) him a favour，so I couldn't say no.
我欠他一个人情，所以无法拒绝。

[链接写作]完成句子
然而，另外一些人赞成收录(英语词汇)，因为很难说这是否会威胁到汉语。

(2014年江苏高考·书面表达)
However，others are in favour of the inclusion because it is hard to say whether it will threaten the Chinese language.
【导学号：30892156】accompany vt.陪伴；伴奏；附有；配有
[教材原句]As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops，he wrote out a list of items for her.
她不允许他陪她去商店，因此他为她列了一个物品清单。

(1)accompany sb.＝keep pany
陪伴某人
accompany sb.to sp. 陪伴/陪同某人到某地
(2)accompany sb.at/on sth. 用某物为某人伴奏
be accompanied by 由……伴奏/伴随
(3)companion n. 同伴；伙伴
①Our trained leaders will accompany you and tell you everything you need to know.
我们受过培训的带队人员会陪伴着你，告诉你需要知道的一切。

②While she danced wonderfully on the stage，her mother accompanied her on the piano.她在台上精彩地展示舞姿的同时母亲在用钢琴为她伴奏。

declare vt.宣布；声明；表明；宣称
[高考佳句]Without fail one would declare，“But I'm just not creative.”(2016年全国甲卷·阅读理解)
必是某个同学会宣称“但我只是没有创造性的。

”
declare sb./sth.to be 宣布某人或某事……
declare for/against 表示赞成/反对……
declare war(on/against sb.) (向某人)宣战
declare sth.open/closed 宣布……开始/结束
①The accused man was declared to be(be)innocent by the court.法庭宣布被告无罪。

②When they asked him for his opinion，he declared strongly against the policy.
他们向他征求意见时，他声明强烈反对这项政策。

诠释3个核心短语
ring up 给……打电话
[教材原句]When the clerk at the counter was rude to her，she rang Tony up
and told the clerk to speak to him.当站柜台的售货员对她粗鲁时，她就打电话给托尼，让售货员同托尼说话。

⎭⎪⎬⎪⎫（1）call sb.（up ） phone/telephone sb. give sb.a call/a ring/a phone call 打电话给某人
(2)call/ring back 回电话
(3)ring off/hang up 挂断电话
hold on
别挂断电话 ①I was about to answer the phone when it was rung off/hung up last night.
昨天晚上我正要接电话，就在这时电话挂断了。

②I have something important to say.Please hold on for a moment.
我有重要的事要说，请不要挂断电话。

leave...alone 不管；别惹；让……一个人待着；和……单独在一起
[经典例句] We tried to be friendly ，but his refusal made us think he wanted to be left alone .我们试图友善，但他的拒绝使我们认为他不想被打扰。

leave behind
遗留；把……抛在后面；超过 leave aside
搁置一边；不考虑 leave for...
动身到…… leave out
省略；遗漏 leave over 留下；剩下
①I wonder why they left aside such an important question.
我纳闷他们为什么不考虑如此重要的一个问题。

②No wonder you couldn't get through.You've left out a zero in this phone number.
难怪你打不通。

你在这个电话号码中漏掉了一个零。

set aside 将……放在一边；为……节省或保留(钱或时间)；暂时不考虑
[一词多义] 写出下列句中set aside 的含义
①There is a little time left.Let's set aside my personal feelings for now. 暂时不考虑 ②After the experiment ，please set the chemicals and tools aside .
将……放在一边 ③I try to set aside a few minutes each day to help my mother do the housework ，though I am very busy. 为……保留时间
set about(doing sth.) 着手做某事
set out(to do sth.) 出发；开始做某事
set down 写下；放下
set off 动身；出发；引起；引爆
set up 建立
④After supper，Mary set about clearing (clear)the table.＝After supper，Mary set out to clear (clear)the table.
晚饭后，玛丽动手收拾餐桌。

突破1个高考句型
(教材P11)It was disturbing and frightening that he looked so human.
机器人如此通人性，这使她觉得心烦和害怕。

“It＋be＋adj.＋that从句”是固定句式，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的从句。

it作形式主语的常用句式：
(1)It＋be＋形容词(obvious，possible，strange，natural，important...)＋that 从句。

(2)It＋be＋过去分词(said，thought，hoped，believed，supposed，reported...)＋that从句。

(3)It＋不及物动词(seem，occur，happen...)＋that从句。

(4)It＋be＋名词短语(a pity，a fact，a wonder，a shame，an honour，no wonder...)＋that从句。

①It is important that everyone should learn to get along well with others in
a new environment.
在新的环境中学会和他人相处对每个人都很重要。

②It is a pity that Jane and George can't make it to the party.真可惜，简和乔治不能来参加这次聚会。

③It is believed that it is the earliest and largest ancient paper­making workshop site ever found in China.
人们认为这是迄今为止在中国发现的最早的也是最大的古代造纸作坊。

[多角快练]——练单词练短语练句型————————————
基础考点全面练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Marriages based on money rather than love are bound (end) in divorce sooner or later.
2. As far as I know，she showed a talent acting at an early age.
3. When Mary appeared on the stage, they looked at her envy.
4．The young lady dressed (elegant) when she went to work.
5.To everybody's surprise，they got (divorce) last month，though they
had been married for only two months.
6.The calm captain knew there was an engine fault but didn't want (alarm) the passengers.
【答案】 1.to end 2.for 3.with 4.elegantly 5.divorced 6.to alarm
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.It was with the help of the local guide which the mountain climber was rescued.
2. We have time and time again been declared that we will never be the first
to use nuclear weapons.
3. The huge stone measured about 2 tons is really hard to move.
【导学号：30892157】
4. The number of people who are in favour with the plan is in the majority.
【答案】 1.which→that 2.去掉been 3.measured→measuring 4.with→of
重难考点多维练
desire全扫描
(1)单句语法填空
①We desire that immediate help (give) to the local villagers who have
been trapped by the flood.
②Devoted to her career, she has no desire (become) a wife and mother.
③My parents desired me (enter) a key university.
【导学号：30892158】
(2)一句多译
我们班的每个学生都渴望上名牌大学。

④Each student in our class ．(desire n．)
⑤Each student in our class ．(desire vt.)
【答案】①(should) be given②to become③to enter④has a desire to go
to a famous university ⑤desires that he/she should go to a famous university Ⅰ.课文短文改错
根据P16教材课文内容，对下面材料进行修改。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有
两处。

错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

Isaac Asimov was an American scientist and a writer. He wrote around 480 books
where included mystery stories, science and history books. But he is better known for his science fiction stories. He had an extraordinarily imagination. It gives him the ability to explore future worlds. Besides, he searched explanations of everything, in the present and the past, with an amazed mind. Throughout his life, Asimov received many award. He was married two. He married his first wife in 1942 and married again in 1973. In 1992, he died of New York.
【答案】 1.第一句：a去掉 2.第二句：where→that 3.第三句：better→best 4.第四句：extraordinarily→extraordinary 5.第五句：gives→gave 6.第六句：explanations前加for 7.第六句：amazed→amazing8.第七句：award→awards9.第八句：two→twice10.第十句：of→in
Ⅱ.高考话题微写作
根据提示，运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文。

1．在数码时代，每个人都渴望有一个机器人。

(desire)
2．当你受到惊吓时，它会陪伴着你直到你想一个人待着。

(alarmed，accompany，leave alone)
3．你上班时，它会服从你的命令，记录下给你打电话的人的号码，甚至会处理一些办公事务。

(obey，ring up，affair)
4．我认为，这样的机器人与其说是一台机器，不如说是一个朋友，我坚决支持机器人的研发。

(more...than...，in favour of)
5．我相信：如果你有这样的机器人，别人一定会羡慕你的。

(be bound to，envy) 【参考范文】
In the digital times，everyone desires to have a robot.It will accompany you until you want to be left alone when you are alarmed.It obeys your orders and sets down the numbers of people that ring you up and even deals with some office affairs while you are at work.In my opinion，a robot like this is more a friend than a machine.I am strongly in favour of the research and development of robots.I believe that if you have such a robot，others are bound to envy you.
【导学号：30892159】此文档是由网络收集并进行重新排版整理.word可编辑版本！。