高二英语词汇拓展与语法填空单选题60题

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高二英语词汇拓展与语法填空单选题60题
1. The new policy has a profound ____ on the economic development of the region.
A. effect
B. affect
C. effort
D. defect
答案:A。

本题考查近义词辨析。

“effect”是名词,意为“影响”,常与“have an effect on”搭配,表示“对……有影响”;“affect”是动词,意为“影响”,在此处词性不符;“effort”意为“努力”,与题意不符;“defect”意为“缺陷”,也不符合题意。

所以答案是A。

2. She is so ____ that she can't bear any noise while studying.
A. sensitive
B. sensible
C. senseless
D. insensitive
答案:A。

这里考查同根词的辨析。

“sensitive”表示“敏感的”,符合句子中她对噪音不能忍受的描述;“sensible”意为“明智的”;“senseless”意为“愚蠢的、无意义的”;“insensitive”意为“不敏感的”,与句子意思相悖。

所以正确答案是A。

3. His ____ for music led him to become a famous composer.
A. passion
B. emotion
C. feeling
D. mood
答案:A。

本题是关于近义词的辨析。

“passion”表示强烈的爱好、热爱,有“激情”的意思,“passion for”表示对……的热爱,符合题意;“emotion”更多指情感,比较宽泛;“feeling”侧重于感觉、感触;“mood”指情绪、心情,这三个词都没有“热爱”的那种强烈程度,所以答案是A。

4. The company has made a significant ____ in the field of technology this year.
A. progress
B. progression
C. advance
D. advancement
答案:A。

这是关于近义词和词汇用法的考查。

“progress”作名词时是不可数名词,意为“进步”,“make progress”是固定搭配,表示取得进步;“progression”更多指进展的过程;“advance”作名词时通常是可数名词,且用法上与“progress”有区别;“advancement”更强调提升、晋升的意思。

所以这里选A。

5. She is always ____ about her appearance, so she spends a lot of time dressing up.
A. conscious
B. conscience
C. unconscious
D. subconscious
答案:A。

本题考查同根词的辨析。

“conscious”是形容词,意为“有意识的、在意的”,“be conscious about”表示对……在意;“conscience”是名词,意为“良心”;“unconscious”意为“无意识的”;“subconscious”意为“潜意识的”。

根据句子她花很多时间打扮可知她在意自己的外表,所以答案是A。

6. The number of students in our school _______ increasing every year.
A. are
B. is
C. has
D. have
答案:B。

解析:本题考查主谓一致。

“the number of + 复数名词”表示“……的数量”,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式,所以这里要用is。

A选项are是复数形式,不符合;C选项has虽然是单数形式,但在这里不表示“有”的含义,不能用于此处结构;D选项have是复数形式,也不符合要求。

7. Tom as well as his parents _______ to the park every Sunday.
A. go
B. goes
C. is going
D. are going
答案:B。

解析:本题考查主谓一致。

当主语后面跟有as well as 短语时,谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致,在这个句子中,主语是Tom,为第三人称单数,所以谓语动词用goes。

A选项go是复数形式,不符合;C选项is going是现在进行时,句中有every Sunday 表示经常发生的动作,不能用进行时;D选项are going是复数形式,也不符合要求。

8. By the time he got home, his mother _______ the dinner.
A. had cooked
B. cooked
C. has cooked
D. cooks
答案:A。

解析:本题考查时态。

by the time引导的时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时,主句要用过去完成时,表示在过去某个动作之前已经发生的动作。

在这个句子中,“got home”是过去的动作,在此之前“母亲做饭”这个动作已经完成,所以要用had cooked。

B选项cooked是一般过去时,不能体现动作的先后顺序;C选项has cooked 是现在完成时,时态不符;D选项cooks是一般现在时,时态也不符合。

9. A large amount of money _______ spent on books every year.
A. is
B. are
C. has
D. have
答案:A。

解析:本题考查主谓一致。

“a large amount of + 不可数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式,这里表示“很多钱被花在书上”,要用被动语态,所以是is。

B选项are是复数形式,不符合;C 选项has虽然是单数形式,但这里需要的是be动词,而不是表示“有”的has;D选项have是复数形式,不符合要求。

10. She _______ for three hours when we arrived.
A. had been sleeping
B. has been sleeping
C. slept
D. was sleeping
答案:A。

解析:本题考查时态。

当句中有表示一段时间的状语“for three hours”,并且动作在过去的某个时刻之前已经持续进行,要用过去完成进行时。

我们到达这个动作是过去的,在我们到达之前她已经睡了三个小时了,所以用had been sleeping。

B选项has been sleeping是现在完成进行时,时态不符;C选项slept是一般过去时,不能体现动作的持续;D选项was sleeping是过去进行时,不能表示在过去某个动作之前已经持续进行的动作。

11. In the detective story, the suspect's "furtive" look made the police more suspicious. Here "furtive" means _.
A. open and honest
B. quick and sudden
C. secretive and sly
D. sad and depressed
答案:C。

解析:furtive这个词的意思是鬼鬼祟祟的、偷偷摸摸的。

在这个侦探故事的语境中,嫌疑人鬼鬼祟祟的表情让警察更加怀疑他,A选项open and honest表示公开且诚实的,与furtive意思相反;B选项quick and sudden表示快速且突然的,与furtive的意思不符;D选项sad and depressed表示悲伤且沮丧的,也不符合furtive在句中的含义,所以C选项secretive and sly(秘密的且狡猾的)是正确的。

12. The news report described the politician's statement as "equivocal", which _.
A. was clear and straightforward
B. was ambiguous and uncertain
C. was exciting and inspiring
D. was boring and dull
答案:B。

解析:equivocal这个词的意思是模棱两可的、含糊不清的。

在新闻报道的语境中,描述政治家的声明是equivocal,那就是说这个声明是含糊不清、不确定的。

A选项clear and straightforward 表示清晰且直截了当的,与equivocal意思相反;C选项exciting and inspiring表示令人兴奋且鼓舞人心的,与equivocal的语义没有关系;
D选项boring and dull表示枯燥且乏味的,也不符合equivocal在句中的含义,所以B选项正确。

13. In the classic novel, the character's "pensive" mood _.
A. was angry and furious
B. was happy and cheerful
C. was thoughtful and reflective
D. was noisy and boisterous
答案:C。

解析:pensive这个词表示沉思的、忧郁的。

在经典小说的语境中,角色的pensive情绪应该是充满思考、内省的。

A选项angry and furious表示愤怒且狂怒的,与pensive意思不同;B选项happy and cheerful表示开心且欢快的,不符合pensive的语义;D选项noisy and boisterous表示吵闹且喧闹的,与pensive的意思相差甚远,所以C选项正确。

14. The travelogue described the place as "serene", so it was _.
A. chaotic and disorderly
B. peaceful and calm
C. dangerous and risky
D. busy and bustling
答案:B。

解析:serene这个词的意思是宁静的、安详的。

在旅行见闻的语境中,描述这个地方是serene,那就意味着这个地方是和平且平静的。

A选项chaotic and disorderly表示混乱且无序的,与serene 意思相反;C选项dangerous and risky表示危险且冒险的,不符合
serene的语义;D选项busy and bustling表示忙碌且熙熙攘攘的,也不符合serene在句中的含义,所以B选项正确。

15. The article about the art exhibition said the paintings were "exquisite", which means _.
A. ugly and hideous
B. ordinary and common
C. extremely beautiful and delicate
D. large and clumsy
答案:C。

解析:exquisite这个词表示精致的、优美的。

在关于艺术展览的文章语境中,说这些画是exquisite,就是说这些画极其美丽且精致。

A选项ugly and hideous表示丑陋且可怕的,与exquisite 意思相反;B选项ordinary and common表示普通且常见的,不符合exquisite的语义;D选项large and clumsy表示大且笨拙的,也不符合exquisite在句中的含义,所以C选项正确。

16. I will never forget the day ______ I first met you.
A. which
B. when
C. where
D. that
答案:B。

解析:这是一个定语从句,先行词是the day,表示时间。

在定语从句中,当先行词表示时间且在从句中作时间状语时,要用关系副词when来引导。

这里的when相当于on which,而which和
that在从句中作主语或宾语,where用于先行词表示地点的情况,所以选B。

17. She didn't go to school yesterday ______ she was ill.
A. because
B. although
C. if
D. until
答案:A。

解析:这是一个原因状语从句,根据语境她昨天没去上学是因为她生病了。

because引导原因状语从句,表示原因;although 引导让步状语从句,表示虽然;if引导条件状语从句,表示如果;until 引导时间状语从句,表示直到,所以选A。

18. The book ______ I bought yesterday is very interesting.
A. who
B. which
C. what
D. whom
答案:B。

解析:这是一个定语从句,先行词是the book,是物。

在定语从句中,which可以用来指代先行词是物的情况,并且在从句中可以作主语或宾语;who和whom用来指代人,what不能用于定语从句,所以选B。

19. He is so young ______ he can't go to school.
A. that
B. as
C. for
D. so
答案:A。

解析:这是一个结果状语从句,so...that...是固定结构,表示如此以至于。

这里的意思是他如此小以至于不能去上学,as引导定语从句或者方式状语从句等,for不能引导结果状语从句,so不能单独引导结果状语从句,所以选A。

20. I will wait for you ______ you come back.
A. until
B. since
C. while
D. because
答案:A。

解析:这是一个时间状语从句,根据语境我将一直等你直到你回来。

until表示直到;since表示自从或者因为;while表示当的时候,强调两个动作同时进行;because表示原因,所以选A。

21. I can't ______ the noise outside. It's driving me crazy.
A. put up with
B. catch up with
C. keep up with
D. come up with
答案:A。

解析:put up with表示忍受,句中说无法忍受外面的噪音,符合语境。

catch up with意为赶上,通常指在学习、工作等方
面追赶他人。

keep up with表示跟上,不落后于,例如跟上时代的步伐等。

come up with提出,想出,比如提出一个主意等,这几个选项的意思与句中语境不符。

22. His success ______ his hard work and determination.
A. depends on
B. calls for
C. results in
D. takes up
答案:A。

解析:depend on有取决于,依赖于的意思,他的成功取决于他的努力和决心,是合理的表达。

call for要求,需要;result in 导致;take up占据 时间、空间等),这几个搭配在句中的语义都不合适。

23. She has been ______ the idea of studying abroad for a long time.
A. thinking over
B. thinking about
C. thinking up
D. thinking out
答案:B。

解析:think about表示考虑,她一直考虑出国留学这个想法,是正确的搭配。

think over仔细考虑,强调思考的深入程度;think up想出,构思,通常是想出一个主意等;think out想出,解决,这里表达考虑出国留学的想法,think about更合适。

24. The new policy will ______ a great change in our school.
A. bring about
B. bring up
C. bring in
D. bring out
答案:A。

解析:bring about带来,导致,新政策将给我们学校带来巨大的改变,语义正确。

bring up养育,提出(话题等);bring in 引进,赚得;bring out使显现,出版,这几个搭配不符合句子语境。

25. We should ______ every chance to practice our English.
A. make use of
B. make up of
C. make for
D. make into
答案:A。

解析:make use of利用,我们应该利用每个机会练习英语,符合语境。

make up of由组成;make for走向,有助于;make into把制成,这几个搭配的语义与句子要表达的意思不相符。

26._____ (see) from the top of the mountain, the village looks very beautiful.
A. Seen
B. Seeing
C. To see
D. Having seen
答案:A。

解析:本题考查非谓语动词作状语。

句子的主语是the
village,村庄是被看的,所以要用过去分词seen,表示被动关系。

如果用B选项Seeing,表示主动关系,即村庄主动看,这不符合逻辑;C选项To see表示目的或将来,在这里不恰当;D选项Having seen 强调动作的先后顺序,这里不需要这种表达。

27. She was so angry that she left without _____ (say) a word.
A. say
B. saying
C. to say
D. said
答案:B。

解析:without是介词,介词后面要跟动名词形式,这里表示她没有说话就离开了,say这个动作和句子主语she是主动关系,所以用saying。

A选项say是动词原形,不能用在介词后面;C 选项to say是不定式,不符合要求;D选项said是过去式或过去分词,也不能用在这里。

28. My mother often warns me _____ (not play) with fire.
A. not play
B. not to play
C. don't play
D. not playing
答案:B。

解析:warn sb. (not) to do sth.是固定用法,表示警告某人(不要)做某事,这里是警告我不要玩火,所以要用不定式的否定形式not to play。

A选项not play形式错误;C选项don't play是谓语
动词形式,不能用在warn后面;D选项not playing是动名词形式,不符合warn的用法。

29. _____ (finish) his homework, Tom went out to play football.
A. Finished
B. Having finished
C. To finish
D. Finishing
答案:B。

解析:本题考查非谓语动词的完成式。

句子中Tom先完成作业然后出去踢足球,完成作业这个动作发生在出去踢足球之前,所以要用现在分词的完成式Having finished,表示动作的先后顺序。

A选项Finished表示被动或完成,但不能体现动作的先后;C选项To finish表示目的或将来,不符合语境;D选项Finishing表示主动或进行,没有体现出动作的先后关系。

30. I'm looking forward to _____ (hear) from you soon.
A. hear
B. hearing
C. be heard
D. have heard
答案:B。

解析:look forward to是固定短语,其中to是介词,介词后面要跟动名词形式,这里表示期待收到你的来信,hear这个动作和句子主语I是主动关系,所以用hearing。

A选项hear是动词原形,不能用在look forward to后面;C选项be heard是被动形式,不
符合语境;D选项have heard是完成式,也不符合要求。

31. ______ is a beautiful place for us to visit.
A. Nature
B. Natural
C. Naturally
答案:A。

解析:本题考查名词的用法。

在句中需要一个名词作主语,“Nature”是名词,意为“自然”;“Natural”是形容词,意为“自然的”,不能作主语;“Naturally”是副词,也不能作主语。

所以答案是A。

32. We should protect the ______ environment.
A. danger
B. dangerous
C. dangerously
答案:B。

解析:本题考查形容词的用法。

这里需要一个形容词来修饰名词“environment”,“danger”是名词,意为“危险”;“dangerous”是形容词,意为“危险的”,可以修饰名词;“dangerously”是副词,不能修饰名词。

所以答案是B。

33. How ______ he runs!
A. quick
B. quickly
C. quickness
答案:B。

解析:本题考查副词的用法。

在感叹句中,“run”是动词,需要用副词来修饰,“quick”是形容词,“quickly”是副词,“quickness”
是名词。

所以要用“quickly”来修饰“run”,答案是B。

34. She has a great ______ for music.
A. sense
B. sensitive
C. sensibly
答案:A。

解析:本题考查名词的用法。

句中需要一个名词作宾语,“sense”是名词,意为“感觉”;“sensitive”是形容词,意为“敏感的”;“sensibly”是副词。

所以答案是A。

35. The ______ of this problem is very important.
A. solve
B. solution
C. solvable
答案:B。

解析:本题考查名词的用法。

句中需要一个名词作主语,“solve”是动词,“solution”是名词,意为“解决方案”;“solvable”是形容词。

所以答案是B。

36. If I _____ you, I would study harder for the upcoming exam.
A. am
B. was
C. were
D. be
答案:C。

解析:在虚拟语气中,表示与现在事实相反的假设,be动词一律用were,这里是“如果我是你”,是一种假设情况,与现在
事实相反,所以选C。

37. Had he known the result earlier, he _____ differently.
A. will act
B. would act
C. would have acted
D. had acted
答案:C。

解析:这是一个虚拟语气中的倒装句,原句为If he had known the result earlier,他早点知道结果是与过去事实相反的假设。

在这种情况下,主句要用would + have + 过去分词的形式,所以选C。

38. If she _____ more time, she would go to the concert with us tonight.
A. has
B. had
C. have
D. having
答案:B。

解析:这是一个与现在事实相反的虚拟语气句子。

从句要用一般过去时,这里表示如果她有更多时间,是一种假设情况,实际上她没有更多时间,所以要用had,选B。

39. I wish I _____ to the party last night.
A. went
B. have gone
C. had gone
D. go
答案:C。

解析:wish后的宾语从句表示与过去事实相反的愿望时,要用过去完成时。

这里说我希望我昨晚去了聚会,实际上昨晚没去,所以要用had gone,选C。

40. It is required that every student _____ the school rules.
A. obeys
B. obey
C. will obey
D. obeyed
答案:B。

解析:在it is required that结构中,从句要用虚拟语气,即should + 动词原形,should可以省略,所以这里用obey,选B。

41. In the field of biology, the word “cell” can have different meanings. In this context, “cell” refers to the basic structural and functional unit of all known living organisms. Which of the following sentences uses the word “cell” in a different sense?
A. The prisoner was locked in a small cell.
B. She charged her cell phone before going out.
C. The honeycomb is made up of many cells.
D. The cell divides into two during mitosis.
答案:A。

解析:题目中提到在生物学领域cell表示生物的细胞,选项D中的cell也是这个意思,在有丝分裂过程中细胞一分为二。

选项C中honeycomb( 蜂巢)中的cell表示小的格子,蜂巢由很多小格
子组成,也是cell的一种意义。

选项B中cell phone是手机的意思,cell在这里表示电池。

而选项A中的cell表示监狱里的小牢房,与生物学领域的意义不同。

42. The word “scale” has multiple meanings. In the context of music, it refers to a series of musical notes in ascending or descending order. Which of the following does not use the word “scale” in the musical sense?
A. They are trying to scale the mountain.
B. The fish has very large scales.
C. She practiced the scale on the piano.
D. The Richter scale measures the intensity of earthquakes.
答案:A。

解析:题目中说在音乐领域scale表示音阶,选项C中在钢琴上练习音阶,是这个意思。

选项B中scale表示鱼的鳞片。

选项D中Richter scale( 里氏震级)是衡量地震强度的,这里的scale是一种度量的概念。

而选项A中scale表示攀登,是与音乐意义不同的用法。

43. “Charge” is a word with various meanings. In physics, it can refer to an electric charge. Which sentence uses “charge” in a different way?
A. The battery has a full charge.
B. The nurse will charge the patient for the treatment.
C. Positive and negative charges attract each other.
D. There is a static charge on this object.
答案:B。

解析:题目中在物理领域charge表示电荷,选项A中
电池充满电,这里的charge表示电量,与物理中的电荷概念相关。

选项D中这个物体上有静电,这里的charge也是电荷的相关意义。

选项C中正负电荷相互吸引,是物理意义。

而选项B中charge表示收费,护士将对病人的治疗进行收费,与物理意义不同。

44. The word “root” can mean different things. In botany, it is the part of a plant that grows underground. Which of the following uses “root” in a different sense?
A. The root of the problem is lack of communication.
B. The tree has a very deep root system.
C. She is trying to root out the weeds.
D. Carrots are a type of root vegetable.
答案:A。

解析:题目中在植物学领域root表示植物的根,选项B中树有很深的根系,选项D中胡萝卜是一种根茎类蔬菜,都是植物根的意思。

选项C中root表示连根拔起,与植物根的概念相关。

而选项A中root表示根源,问题的根源是缺乏沟通,与植物学意义不同。

45. “V olume” has diverse meanings. In the field of mathematics, it refers to the amount of space occupied by a three - dimensional object. Which option does not use “volume” in the mathematical sense?
A. The volume of this cube is easy to calculate.
B. She turned up the volume of the radio.
C. The book is published in a large volume.
D. We measured the volume of the water in the tank.
答案:C。

解析:题目中在数学领域volume表示三维物体的体积,选项A中这个立方体的体积很容易计算,选项D中我们测量水箱里水的体积,都是数学意义。

选项B中volume表示音量,收音机的音量,也是volume的一种意义。

而选项C中volume表示册、卷,这本书以大开本出版,与数学意义不同。

46. Not until he got off the bus ____ that he had left his wallet on it.
A. he realized
B. did he realize
C. he had realized
D. had he realized
答案:B。

解析:本题考查部分倒装。

not until位于句首时,句子要部分倒装,即将助动词、be动词或情态动词提到主语之前。

原句正常语序为He didn't realize that he had left his wallet on it until he got off the bus. 根据语境,这里是一般过去时,所以要用did he realize。

47. Only in this way ____ make progress in your English.
A. you can
B. can you
C. you are able to
D. are you able to
答案:B。

解析:本题考查部分倒装。

only + 状语位于句首时,句子要用部分倒装。

这里表示“只有通过这种方式你才能在英语上取
得进步”,能够表示“能够、可以”且用于部分倒装的是can,所以是can you。

48. ____ a beautiful palace in the forest.
A. There stand
B. There stands
C. Stand there
D. Stands there
答案:B。

解析:本题考查完全倒装。

表示地点的there位于句首时,句子要完全倒装,即把谓语动词提到主语之前。

这里a beautiful palace是单数主语,所以谓语动词stand要用第三人称单数形式stands,即There stands。

49. Hardly ____ when it began to rain.
A. had he left
B. he had left
C. did he leave
D. he left
答案:A。

解析:本题考查部分倒装。

hardly...when...是固定句型,意思是“一……就……”,当hardly位于句首时,句子要部分倒装,并且从句用一般过去时,主句要用过去完成时,表示在开始下雨之前他已经离开了,所以是had he left。

50. So loudly ____ that everyone in the room could hear him clearly.
A. he spoke
B. did he speak
C. he had spoken
D. had he spoken
答案:B。

解析:本题考查部分倒装。

so + 副词位于句首时,句子要用部分倒装。

这里表示“他说话声音如此大以至于房间里的每个人都能清楚地听到他”,原句是He spoke so loudly that everyone in the room could hear him clearly. 所以是did he speak。

51. The young man was ______ in the face of danger and managed to find a way out.
A. calm
B. silent
C. still
D. quiet
答案:A。

解析:calm表示镇定的、沉着的,常用来形容人在面临危险或困难时的心理状态;silent表示沉默的,侧重于不说话;still 表示静止的,多形容物体没有动静;quiet表示安静的,常指环境没有噪音。

本题中说年轻人在危险面前,所以应该是沉着冷静,故答案为A。

52. She has a very ______ manner, which makes people feel comfortable around her.
A. gentle
B. soft
C. mild
D. tender
答案:A。

解析:gentle有温和的、文雅的意思,可用来形容人的举止、态度等;soft侧重于柔软的、轻柔的,可形容物体的质地等;mild表示温和的,多形容天气、人的性情等,但在形容人的举止方面不如gentle常用;tender有温柔的、脆弱的意思,更多侧重于情感方面。

这里形容人的举止让人感觉舒服,用gentle合适,所以答案是A。

53. When we arrived at the hotel, the ______ showed us to our room.
A. porter
B. waiter
C. attendant
D. servant
答案:A。

解析:porter指的是搬运工、行李员,在酒店里负责搬运客人行李并带客人到房间等工作;waiter指的是餐厅的服务员;attendant可指各种场所的服务人员,但在酒店场景下没有porter具体;servant指的是仆人,现在较少使用且语义与酒店工作人员不符。

所以根据题意答案为A。

54. I can't ______ this type of coffee. It's too bitter.
A. bear
B. endure
C. tolerate
D. stand
答案:D。

解析:bear、endure、tolerate、stand都有忍受的意思。

bear较为正式,强调忍受痛苦、困难等的能力;endure侧重长时间忍受艰难困苦;tolerate指容忍某种行为或情况;stand多用于口语,常表示忍受某种令人不愉快的东西。

本题中说受不了这种咖啡太苦了,是口语化表达,所以用stand,答案为D。

55. His ______ words made me realize my mistake at once.
A. explicit
B. definite
C. specific
D. particular
答案:A。

解析:explicit表示明确的、清楚的,强调清楚地表达出来让人容易理解;definite表示明确的、确切的,侧重于确定无疑;specific表示具体的、特定的;particular表示特殊的、挑剔的。

这里说他明确的话语让我立刻意识到错误,强调表达清楚,所以答案为A。

56. It was ______ that made Tom late for school this morning.
A. because he got up late
B. his getting up late
C. got up late
D. he got up late
答案:B。

解析:这是一个强调句,强调句的结构是It is/was + 被强调部分+ that + 其他部分。

这里被强调的是主语,原句应该是His getting up late made Tom late for school this morning,动名词短语作主
语,所以答案是B。

57. It was in this small village ______ I spent my childhood.
A. which
B. that
C. where
D. when
答案:B。

解析:这是一个强调句,强调地点状语in this small village。

强调句结构为It is/was + 被强调部分+ that + 其余部分,这里强调地点状语时要用that,而where是引导定语从句的关系副词,所以答案是B。

58. It was yesterday ______ I met my old friend at the supermarket.
A. when
B. which
C. that
D. where
答案:C。

解析:这是一个强调句,强调时间状语yesterday。

强调句的结构是It was + 被强调部分+ that + 其他部分,这里被强调的是时间状语,所以用that,而when是引导定语从句表示时间的关系副词,这里不是定语从句,所以答案是C。

59. It was Mary ______ I gave the book to.
A. which
B. that
C. whom
D. whose
答案:C。

解析:这是一个强调句中强调宾语的情况,原句是I gave the book to Mary。

在强调句中当被强调部分是指人的宾语时,可以用whom,that也可以,但这里更强调是宾语的人,所以用whom 更合适,答案为C。

60. It was the bad weather ______ prevented us from going out.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. as
答案:B。

解析:这是一个强调句,强调句结构为It was + 被强调部分(the bad weather,主语)+ that + 其余部分。

强调句中只能用that或者who 被强调部分是人时),这里被强调的是主语the bad weather,所以答案是B。

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