反意疑问句的特点及特殊形式

反意疑问句的特点及特殊形式
浅谈反意疑问句的特点及特殊用法反意疑问句是表示说话者对某件事情有一定的看法但不肯定，希望别人予以证实的的一种句型。

一：其特点：
1：整个句子分为两个部分：陈述部分和一般疑问句的节略部分。

陈述部分是肯定，一般疑问句的节略部分用否定；反之，陈述部分是否定，一般疑问句的节略部分用肯定。

2：可以用yes和no进行回答。

3：陈述部分是否定的反意疑问句的回答，不能受到汉语习惯的影响，应注意的是：yes只能和肯定句连用；no只能和否定句连用。

如：-----Y ou didn’t catch what I said, did you?(你没听到我说的，是吗？
-----Yes, I did（不，我听到了).
-----No,I didn’t（是的，我没听到）
二：特殊句型
1．当陈述部分的主语是：everyone, everybody，somebody, someone 等表示人的合成不定代词时，反意疑问句中用they做主语。

陈述部分的主语是：nobody, no one等具有否定意义词时，反意疑问句中用he做主语。

如：
Everyone attended the meeting, didn’t they?
Somebody told you the truth , didn’t they?
Nobody saw the accident, did he?
2．anything, everything, nothing, something等表示物不定代词做陈述句的主语时，反意疑问句用it做主语。

如：
Anything hasn’t been done, has it?
Nothing happened, has it?
Something must be done to stop pollution(污染), isn’t it?
3.指示代词this, that，做主语时，反意附加疑问句中的主语用it; 指示代词these, those做主语时，反意附加疑问句中的主语用they。

如：That is Tom’s, isn’t it?
This isn’t difficult, is it?
Those are apple trees, aren’t they?
4.one(一个人)是陈述部分主语时，在正式场合用one做反意疑问句
中的主语，如：
One should be honest, can’t one?
5．陈述部分的谓语是am结构，反意疑问部分用aren’t。

如：
I am a teacher, aren’t I?
6．当陈述部分含有never, seldom, hardly(几乎不), few(基本上没了,否定,而a few 是一些,肯定;均修饰可数名词), little(同few,但和a little均修饰不可数), nothing,scarcely,rarely等否定词时.反意疑问部分的动词用肯定形式。

如：
Tom has few friends, did he?
Y ou have never met him before, have you?
但陈述句含有in-,im,un-等否定意义的前缀时，反意疑问部分仍用否定形式。

如：
This problem is unimportant(不重要), isn’t it?
He is unhappy, isn't he?
7．主从复合句做陈述句时，反意疑问部分的主语和谓语与主句保持一致。

如：
Y ou said that he had died, didn’t you?
He told us she hadn’t known anything about it, didn’t he?
但I，we做陈述句的主语且谓语是think, believe, suppose时，反意疑问部分主语和谓语动词与从句保持一致，但要注意否定的转移。

(在think, believe,suppose引导的宾语从句中,如汉语否定在从句上,英语应否定在主句上)
we believe you like her, don’t you?
I don’t think Marry is honest, is she?
但如陈述句是主语从句时，反意疑问的主语应为it。

如：What she said just now is unimportant, isn’t it?
8. 陈述句是祈使句时，反意疑问一般用will you。

如：
Turn up the radio, will you?
Don’t close the door, will you?
Let us give the old man a hand, will you?
如陈述句是以let’s开头的祈使句，用shall we。

如：
Let’s give the old man a hand, shall we?
9．Must用在陈述句时：
1）must表示“必须”时，反意疑问部分用mustn’t。

如：
He must write carefully, mustn’t he?
2）表示有把握的肯定推测时，要根据陈述部分的具体的含义选用相应的动词进行反问。

如：
He must be a teacher, isn’t he?
Y ou must have known the news, haven’t you?
He must be in the library, isn’t he?
10．陈述句是感叹句时，反意疑问部分应根据具体情况，常用否定形式。

如：
What a lazy boy, isn’t he?
How hard they work, don’t they?
11. have用与陈述句时，
1）表示“有”时，反意疑问部分可用have或do。

如：
You have a brother, haven’t you ( don’t you )?
2) 表示“吃”及have to 用于陈述句时，用do, did ,does
They had to wait another two days, didn’t they?
You had your lunch at home, didn’t you?
练习
1. I don’t think that the necklace is made of diamond,________?
A. do I
B. do you
C. isn’t it
D. is it
2.His wife had the carpets and the curtains cleaned,________?
A. hadn’t
B. had
C. didn’t she
D. did she
3.It’s my son’s wedding next week, and I have to do my best for that,____________?
A. haven’t I
B. don’t I
C. don’t he
D. isn’t it
4.Harry wouldn’t become a teacher if it hadn’t been for the holiday, ____________?
A. would he
B. had it
C. would it
D. had he
5.No one left here yesterday,________?
A. didn’t they
B. did they
C. didn’t one
D. did one
6.Birds never build nests in our garden,________?
A. don’t they
B. do they
C. didn’t they
D. did they
7.You must have been to the Great Wall,____________?
A. mustn’t you
B. haven’t you
C. aren’t you
D. must you
9.They must have stayed at home last night,________?
A. mustn’t they
B. haven’t they
C. didn’t they
D. must they
10.I feel like going to the cinema tonight,________?
A. don’t I
B. don’t you
C. do I
D. do you
11.Let’s start out early tomorrow morning,________?
A. shall we
B. will you
C. do you
D. can’t you
12.There’s not much news in today’s newspaper,________?
A. isn’t it
B. is it
C. isn’t there
D. is there
13.They need our help badly at the moment,________?
A. needn’t they
B. need they
C. don’t they
D. do they
14.She is unfit for the position,________?
A. is she
B. isn’t she
C. doesn’t she
D. does she
15.I wish to visit America,________?
A. don’t I
B. can I
C. may I
D. may you
16.She’s been a worker here for many years,________?
A. isn’t she
B. is she
C. hasn’t she
D. has she
17.What beautiful flowers,________?
A. aren’t they
B. are they
C. isn’t it
D. is it
18.Mother used to live in a poor village,____________?
A. sed she
B. usedn’t she
C. didn’t he
D. did he
19.Y ou’d better go at once,________?
A. wouldn’t you
B. had you
C. hadn’t you
D. should you
20.I am very interested in Mark Twain’s novels,________?
A. aren’t I
B. am not I
C. ar en’t you
D. are you
Keys:1-5 DCBAB6-10 BBACD11-15 ADABC16-20 CABCA。