2021年安徽师范大学附属中学高三英语第四次联考试卷及答案解析

2021年安徽师范大学附属中学高三英语第四次联考试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
If you had the opportunity to live forever, would you take it? Keeping your body alive indefinitely still seems like an impossibility, but some scientists think that digital technology may have the answer: creating a digital copy of your “self” and keeping it “alive” online long after your physical body has ceased to function.
In effect, the proposal is to clone a person electronically. Unlike the familiar physical clones — children that have identical features as their parents, but that are completely separate organisms with a separate life — your electronic clone would believe itself to be you. How might this be possible? The first step would be to mapthe brain.
How? One plan relies on the development of nanotechnology (纳米技术). Ray Kurzweil — one of the kings of artificial intelligence — predicts that within two or three decades we will have nano transmitters that can be put into the bloodstream. Inthe capillaries (毛细血管) of the brain, they would line up alongside the neurons and detect the details of the cerebral (大脑的) electronic activity. They would be able to send that information to a receiver inside a special helmet, so there would be no need for any wires sticking out of the head.
As a further step, Ray Kurzweil also imagines the nano transmitters being able to connect you to a world of virtual reality on the Internet, similar to what was shown in the film “Matrix”. With the nano transmitters in place, by thought alone, you could log on to the Internet and instead of the pictures coming up on your screen, they would play inside your mind. Rather than send your friends e-mails you would agree to meet up on some virtual tropical beach.
Some peoplebelieve that they can enjoy life after death. But why wait for that when you could have a shot of nanobots (纳米机器人) and upload your brain onto the Internet and live forever as a virtual surfer?
One snag: to exist on the net you will have to have your neural network parked on the computer of a web-hosting company. These companies want real money in real bank accounts every year or they will wipe your bit of the hard disc and sell the space to someone else. With your body six feet underground how will you pay?
1. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Nano transmitters can help map the human brain.
B. Electronic clones recreate the original human body.
C. Electronic clones may put their physical selves into movies.
D. Nano transmitters use a helmet to detect the cerebral activities.
2. What is the author’s attitude towards electronic clones?
A. Optimistic and careful.
B. Interested and unconvinced.
C. Excited and confused.
D. Assured and critical.
3. The author asks “how will you pay?” at the end of the article, because ________.
A. you can’t pay to exist on the Internet if you are physically dead
B. you can’t pay for hard disc space if you don’t have a bank account
C. you can’t pay for a special service if too many people want to use it
D.you can’t pay the web-hosting company if you don’t have a neural network
B
A dog spentthe lastfour years of his life waitingat a crossroad in the Thai city ofKhon Kaenas if waiting for someone. People originally thought the dog had been abandoned, but then realized that he looked healthy, so people asked around about him. It turned out that the dog had indeed been spending most of his time around that crossroad, but a woman had been coming round regularly to bring him food and water.
One day, while photographing the dog everyone called Leo, a reporter met the woman who had been taking care of him. She had come to drop off some food. After learning the story about the dog and the woman, the reporter decided to share the story on social media. The post soonwent viraland the photos of Leo got shared hundreds of times. And the photos reached the eyes of Leo’s former old owner.
Nang Noi Sittisarn, a 64-year-old woman fromThailand’sRoiEtProvince, almost had a heart attack when her daughter showed her a photo of the beloved dog named BonBon she had lost during a car trip. When she learned that he had been waiting for her in the same spot for the last four years，her heart melted(融化).
Auntie Noi told her daughter to drive her to where the dog was waiting. When she got there and called his name. BonBon，the poor dog started wiggling(扭动)his tailand came to her，but when she tried to take him home with her, he was unwilling to follow. She didn’ t want to force the dog to come with her so she agreed to leave him with his new master. However, she and her daughter will come to visit him regularly.
4.Why did the dog look healthy after separation from his former owner?
A. He walked around the crossroad constantly.
B. He was kept at a woman’s home all the time.
C. A local reporter brought him food and water.
D. A woman looked after him on a regular basis.
5. What does the underlined phrase “went viral” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Changed surprisingly.
B. Spread quickly.
C. Appeared gradually.
D. Fell directly.
6. How did Nang Noi Sittisam feel about the dog's waiting for her?
A. Shocked.
B. Regretful.
C. Touched.
D. Proud.
7. What can we mainly learn from the story about the dog?
A. Unbelievable success is worth waiting for.
B. We should adjust ourselves to environments.
C. We need to learn to be faithful and thankful.
D. No one knows the result until the last minute
C
Global food demand will double by 2050, according to a new projection, and the farming techniques used to meet that unprecedented(空前的) demand will significantly determine how severe the impact is on the environment, researchers said.
The study researchers warned that meeting the demand for food would clear more land, increase nitrogen(氮) use and significantly add to carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions.
“Agriculture’s greenhouse gas emissions could double by2050 if current trends in global food production continue,” study researcher David Tilman, of theUniversityofMinnesota, said in a statement. “This would be a major problem, since global agriculture already accounts for a third of all greenhouse gas emissions.”
The researchers studied various ways in which the increasing food demand could be mentioned. They found that the most environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach would be for more food producers to adopt the nitrogen-efficient “intensive” farming method, which involves the heavy use of labor and the production of more crops per acre.
This approach was shown to be more effective than the “extensive” farming currently practiced by many poor nations, a method that includes clearing more new land to produce more food.
Different farming methods produce significantly different yields, the researchers found — in 2005, the crop yields for the wealthiest nations were more than 300 percent higher than what the poorest nations produced.
According to their analysis of the effects of extensive farming, if poorer nations continue using this method, by 2050theywill have cleared an area larger than theUnited States, about 2.5 billion acres. However, if wealthy
nations help poorer nations to improve food yields by incorporating(吸收) intensive farming practices, that number could be reduced to half a billion acres.
The researchers stress that the environmental effects of meeting future food demand depend on how global agriculture expands and develops.
“Our analyses show that we cansave most of the Earth’s remaining ecosystems by helping the poorer nations of the world feed themselves,” Tilman said.
8. What is the best title of this passage?
A. The World Will Need Double Food by 2050
B. Man Will Face the Risk of Lacking Food in the Future
C. Future Farmers Hold Environment’s Fate in Their Hands
D. Different Farming Methods Produce Significantly Different Yields
9. The character of the extensive farming is ________.
A. very cost-effective
B. to produce more crops per acre
C. at cost of more new land to produce more food
D. very environmentally friendly
10. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A. poorer nations mainly use the intensive farming
B. wealthy nations mainly use the extensive farming
C. the intensive farming needs less food producers
D. the extensive farming has a worse effect on ecosystems
11. According to the passage, the underlined word “they” in the 7th paragraph refers to “________”.
A. poorer nations
B. the effects of extensive farming
C. wealthy nations
D.future food demand
D
A North Atlantic right whale calf(幼崽) was discovered dead on the beach of an island off North Carolina. The male newborn was found on North Core Banks, part of the Cape Lookout National Seashore. The reports indicate that the animal died during birth or shortly after, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration(NOAA). Scientists took DNA to determine the calf’s mother.
This is the beginning of the right whale’s reproduction(繁殖) season, which begins mid-November and runs through mid-April. NOAA called this death a disastrous start to the season. Each new right whale calf brings so much hope for this badly endangered animals, and losses like this have a great impact on their recovery, NOAA said.
The right whale is one of the rarest marine mammals(哺乳动物) in the world, according to NOAA. They will soon be extinct unless something is done to save it, researchers warn. This kind of whale has been experiencing an Unusual Death Event over the past three years, according to NOAA. Since 2017, at least 32 dead and 13 seriously wounded whales have been documented by the organization. “This means more than 10 percent of the remaining population,” according to NOAA.
NOAA posted a piece of news on Monday, the same day they announced the calf’s death, warning boaters to be watchful as the whales are migrating(迁徙) nearly 1,000 miles along the Atlantic Coast. The organization calls for boaters to be watchful, slow down and to give these endangered whales plenty of room. They also ask all fishermen to remove their unused nets from the ocean to help avoid possibledamage.
12. Why did scientists take DNA of the calf?
A. To save its mother.
B. To confirm its identity.
C. To determine the time of its death.
D. To uncover the cause of its death.
13. How many right whales are left according to the passage?
A. About 40.
B. About 50.
C. About 400.
D. About 500.
14. What do we know aboutNorth Atlanticright whales?
A. Their reproduction season usually last about half a year.
B. They are the rarest marine mammals in the world.
C. They are experiencing a high death rate of newborns.
D. Their habitat runs nearly 1,000 miles along the coast.
15. What’s the main purpose of the news posted on Monday?
A. To announce the calf’s unusual death.
B. To remind boaters to watch the whales.
C. To protect the boats against the whales.
D. To assist the whales’ seasonal migration.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项If ever we have to wait for something in the UK一for the bus, to get into a concert,or to get into a shop, we form a queue. Everybody knows that when you roll up, you join the back of the queue.___16___It is an ly fair system and we all agree with it. British people would never dream of “jumping the queue”!
___17___If you are seen to push in, it is considered very rude. People think pushing in is unfair to other people who have been waiting. So, if you see a line of people and you are not sure about it, then ask: “Is this the back of the queue?”___18___You might even get chatting! Brits are happy to chat while queuing.
If ever somebody pushes in, you can almost feel others upset about him or her! People will be silently angry! However, rarely will anybody say anything.___19___If somebody does say something to the rule breaker，the rest of the people in the queue will be very embarrassed and they will look away.
___20___For example, they may give bad looks to the transgressor (违规者). They may also turn around and talk about the transgressor in a whisper with the person next to themin the queue. You would need a skin as thick as a rhinoceros (犀牛皮) to miss these signals that you have transgressed a sacred British rule. So, if you come to theUK, get used to queuing.
A. You have to wait for your turn in the queue.
B. People do not welcome queue-jumping inEngland.
C. Queue-jumping can be seen everywhere in the world.
D. British people do not like to cause a scene by arguing.
E. Some people want to break the accepted rule sometimes.
F. People will be very polite to you and let you know where you should stand.
G. People will show that they are annoyed, but in ways that are not easy to notice.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项On July 24, 1916, a natural gas explosion trapped 32 men working in a tunnel 250 feet belowLake Erie. The first rescuers who entered the tunnel were___21___by gas, and for hours no one else dared to enter the suffocating (窒息的),___22___deathtrap.
Then, late that night, someone had an idea:___23___Garrett Morgan and his new invention. Garrett Morgan was a successful___24___owner inCleveland. The son of freed slaves and theseventh of 11 children, mechanically minded Morgan had opened his own sewing machine shop, which he soon___25___to a tailoring factory with 32
employees.
In the early 1900s, factory buildings were crowded and untidy. They were often___26___of wood, with no fire escapes. Fire could cause serious___27___. Concerned about his employees, Morgan___28___with a “safety hood” (头罩) that would allow the wearer to___29___despite a fire’s poisonous smoke.
Morgan knew smoke rises during a fire.____30____, he created a heat-resistant hood with a long tube reaching to the floor. Wearing Morgan’s hood, a firefighter could breathe the____31____air near the____32____Morgan lined the breathing tube with a sponge-like material that was wetted before use to____33____the air. A second tube was designed to____34____exhaled (呼出的) air.
Called to the scene on the night of the tunnel explosion, Garrett arrived with samples of his safety hood. Still in their nightwear, he and his brother Frank put on the hoods and____35____entered the tunnel. It was a dangerous____36____of the invention, but they saved two lives and____37____four bodies before officials closed the____38____. Morgan knew that more lives might have been saved if he had been called sooner.
The daring____39____made Morgan famous and brought requests for safety hoods from fire departments around the country. But his greatest____40____was knowing that his invention would now save more people.
21. A. lit B. powered C. overcome D. overheated
22. A. changeable B. remarkable C. cautious D. poisonous
23. A. show off B. send for C. rule out D. take away
24. A. factory B. slave C. restaurant D. store
25. A. declined B. decided C. expanded D. exported
26. A. afraid B. true C. consisted D. made
27. A. business B. damage C. illness D. doubts
28. A. experimented B. associated C. equipped D. struggled
29. A. exist B. communicate C. breathe D. listen
30. A. Therefore B. However C. Anyway D. Besides
31. A. cleaner B. thicker C. colder D. warmer
32. A. ceiling B. ground C. roof D. window
33. A. feel B. trap C. cool D. heat
34. A. put on B. get off C. pollute D. release
35. A. unwillingly B. bravely C. gradually D. simply
36. A. task B. test C. game D. part
37. A. overlooked B. identified C. recovered D. buried
38. A. gap B. case C. deal D. site
39. A. rescue B. attempt C. reform D. escape
40. A. fortune B. comfort C. achievement D. reward
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
For those who love travel，particularly rail travel，China in 1987 was a can't﹣miss kind of place．In1987，China was still operating steam trains on some rail routes，___41.___made people from many countries amazed．Bruce Connolly，a photographer from Scotland，___42.___（be）one of them．Connolly first came to China in 1987，___43.___（start）his continuous travelling throughout China．Since then，he___44.___（travel）to most parts of China except Fujian，Zhejiang and Jiangxi．Wherever he went，his camera remained by his side．During his journeys in China，Connolly found China very different from___45.___he saw in photographs，which showed Chinese people very religious in the way they dressed and behaved．___46.___，what he saw was that people were___47.___（friend），welcoming and wore bright clothes．In the early years of his journey，most Chinese people were fascinated with foreigners visiting China，but now that has changed in cities such as Beijing and Shanghai，foreigners are no longer___48.___（curious）．
Another dramatic change that Connolly has felt in China is___49.___widespread use of new technology．China has become one of the most tech﹣savvy（懂技术的）societies．People now do everything with___50.___（they）smartphones，and use of cash is almost disappearing．
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.下面短文中有10处语言错误。

请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写上该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

看看里面，
While I was in junior middle school, I had great difficulties in learning maths.To change a situation, I made great efforts.Firstly, I bought some reference books and got prepared before class, make it easy for me to understand that the teacher would teach.Secondly, I listened attentive in class and took notes carefully, which help
my accumulate basic knowledge.Thirdly I did my homework on time and turn to my teacher for help when I had problems.Finally I caught with others.
Nothing is impossible for a willing heart.Facing with challenges, I respond positively and overcome them.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.人们对失败持有不同的态度。

面对失败，有人能够经得起考验，从失败中汲取教训，并努力去完成他们下定决心要做的事情。

然而，另一些人却丧失信心并退却了。

请你用几句话对此进行阐述，并谈谈你自己的看法。

There are successes and failures, which can hardly be avoided in people’s lives. Faced with failure, _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________
参考答案
1. A
2. B
3. A
4. D
5. B
6. C
7. C
8. C 9. C 10. D 11. A
12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D
16. A 17. B 18. F 19. D 20. G
21. C 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. A 32.
B 33.
C 34.
D 35. B 36. B 37. C 38. D 39. A 40. D
41. which
42. was 43. starting
44. has travel（l）ed
45. what 46. Instead
47. friendly
48. curiosities
49. the 50. their
51.(1). While→ When (2). difficulties→ difficulty (3).a→the (4). make→ making (5). that→ what (6). attentive→ attentively (7). my→me(8). turn→ turned (9). caught后加up (10). Facing→ Faced
52.略。