IGCSE Biology 消化系统词汇英文(精美配图)
医学英语消化系统图文解说
Text Study——Part 1
1. What are other terms for digestive tract?
Digestive tract is also termed as gastrointestinal tract, alimentary canal or gut(消化道).
They are also known as accessory organs, because they are not part of the digestive tract, yet have a role in digestive activities.
Unit Two
The Digestive System
Objectives
In this unit, we are going to learn to:
1. Grasp some medical terms related to digestive system.
2. Describe the function of the digestive system, and differentiate between organs of the alimentary canal and accessory digestive organs；
Text Study——Part 1——Translation
There are many people who are waiting to be admitted to the hospital ward.
许多人在等着入院。
Fat-soluble vitamins, which include vitamins A,D,E, and K, are usually absorbed with the help of foods that contain fat.
Digestive System消化系统英文值得收藏
Shape: round or oval（椭圆） Depth: The shallow ulcer involves mucosal muscular layer（粘膜肌层）,some ulcers reach to muscular layer（肌层）and even serous coat（浆膜 层）.A few ulcers leads to perforation（穿孔）. The bottom of ulcer is clean , with smooth edge and ashen or sallow coating（灰白或灰黄苔）. Recover time :4-8W
Clinical Features
symptom——Abdominal Pain 1、Long term ：several years or even decades. 2、Periodical(周期性的) attack: the attack and relieved stage appear alternately.发作期与缓解期交替出现 3、Rhythmic epigastric pain.节律性上腹疼 GU · irregular gastric pain after meal · Ingestion of food and antacids（制酸剂） can not relieve pain DU · Burning pain worse when hungry or at night · Ingestion of food and antacids often relieve pain
Other symptoms： Belching 打嗝 Nausea 恶心 Belching Satiety 早饱 Abdominal distension Epigastric 上腹部的 Nausea Tenderness 压痛 Satiety Signs： Epigastric tenderness (not specificity)
医学英语单词-消化系统
医学英语单词消化系统Gastrointestinal Systemascites/ə'saɪtiz/腹水asterixis扑翼样震颤Billroth 1 毕1氏胃十二指肠吻合术Billroth 2 毕2氏胃十二指肠吻合术cholecystectomy/,kɑləsɪs'tektəmɪ/胆囊切除术cholecystitis/,kɑləsɪs'taɪtɪs/胆囊炎cholecystititides（复数）choledocholithotomy/cholidok’lisotomy/胆总管石切除术cirrhosis /sɪ'rəʊsɪs/肝硬化Crohn’s disease克罗恩氏病,局限性肠炎Cullen’s sign腹膜内出血diverticulitis /daɪvətɪkjʊ'laɪtɪs/憩室炎Diverticulitis jejunum空肠憩室炎diverticulosis/,daɪvətɪkjʊ'ləʊsɪs/憩室病复数diverticulosesdumping syndrome [外科] 倾倒综合征esophageal varices/,isə'fædʒɪəl/食管静脉曲张esophageal carcinoma食管癌esophageal neoplasm carcinoma食管肿瘤fetor hepaticus肝病性口臭gastrectomy/gæ'strektəmɪ/[外科] 胃切除术gastric resection胃切除术hiatal hernia[内科] 食管裂孔疝Kock ileostomy科克回肠造口术ileostomy/,ɪlɪ'ɒstəmɪ/回肠造口术Murphy’s sign 墨菲氏征pancreatitis/,pæŋkrɪə'taɪtɪs/n. [内科] 胰腺炎复数pancreatititidesperistalsis/,perɪ'stælsɪs/n. 蠕动peristalses蠕动（复数）portal hypertension门静脉高压pyloroplasty/pai'lɔ:rə,plæsti/n. [外科] 幽门成形术Ulcerative colitis溃疡性结肠炎vagotomy /veɪ'gɒtəmɪ/迷走神经切断术excretevt. 排泄；分泌cheek n. 面颊，脸颊；臀部palate 味觉；上颚；趣味tongue/tʌŋ/salivary gland唾腺maxillary bone上颌骨amylase enzyme淀粉酶(ptyalin)/'taɪəlɪn/唾液淀粉酶esophagus/iː'sɒfəɡəs/食管复数esophagi食管Cardia贲门fundusn. [解剖] 底；基底；底部pylorusn. [解剖] 幽门mucous adj. 黏液的mucous gland粘液腺mucosa n.粘膜sphincter 括约肌gastric contents 胃内容物hydrochloric acid盐酸particle/'pɑrtɪkl/n. 微粒，粒子pepsin胃蛋白酶coenzyme/'kəʊ,enzaɪm/辅酶candidal infection念珠菌感染adhesion n. 粘附intrinsic factor 内因子gastrin促胃液素acidity n. 酸度；酸性；胃酸过多duodenum十二指肠jejunum/dʒɪ'dʒuːnəm/空肠ileum /'ɪlɪəm/回肠复数ileacecum盲肠（等于caecum）复数ceca sigmoid colon乙状结肠intestine肠enteron肠，消化道bladder 膀胱gallbladder胆囊cholecyst 胆囊chole胆汁bile duct胆管cystic duct 胆囊管hepatic ducts n. 肝胆管pancreatic duct 胰管starch 淀粉，含淀粉的食物maltose麦芽糖glucoe葡萄糖monosaccharide/mɒnə(ʊ)'sækəraɪd/单糖lactose乳糖galactose /gə'læktos/ 半乳糖lactase /'lækteɪz/乳糖酶乳糖酵素split vt. 分离；使分离；分解protease/'prəʊtɪeɪz/n.蛋白酶kinin n.激肽；细胞分裂素ribonucleicacids /,raibəunju:'kli:ik/核糖核酸deoxyribonucleic acids /di:'ɔksi,raibəu'nju:kli:ik/脱氧核糖核酸nucleotides 核苷酸nucleosides核苷enterokinase/,entərəʊ'kaɪneɪs/肠激酶trypsinogen /trɪp'sɪnədʒ(ə)n/胰蛋白酶原ileocecal valve /,iliəu'sekəl/ 回盲瓣anus 肛门anal sphincters 肛门括约肌anal canal 肛管peritoneum/,perɪtə'niːəm/. 腹膜复数peritoneums或peritoneamesentery 肠系膜filter v. 过滤neutralize /'nʊtrə'laɪz/vt. 抵销；使…中和；使…无效；使…中立emulsify vt. 使…乳化cholecystokinin /,kolɪ,sɪstə'kaɪnɪn/ n.肠促胰酶肽；缩胆囊素exocrine gland 外分泌腺bicarbonate 碳酸氢盐somatostatin 生长激素抑制素langerhans朗格汉斯。
IGCSE physics 英文物理常用词汇整理(精美配图解释)
1.annotateAdd brief notes to a diagram or graph.2.calculate obtained a numerical answer showing therelevant stages in the working.pare Give an account of the similarities betweentwo (or more) items or situations, referring toboth (all) of them throughout.pare and contrast Give an account of the similarities and difference between two items or situations , referring to both of them throughout.5.deduce Reach a conclusion from the informationgiven.6.Define Give the precise meaning of a word.7.demonstrate(verb) clearly show the existence or truth ofsomething by giving proof or evidence8.describe Give a detailed account9.determine Obtain the only possible answer.10.discuss offer a considered and balanced review thatincludes a range of arguments, factors, orhypothesis11.distinguish Make clear the differences between two ormore concepts or items.12.drawRepresent by means of a labelled, accuratediagram or graph, using a pencil.13.estimate Obtain an approximate value.14.explain Give a detailed account including reasons orcauses15.identify provide an answer from a number ofbelText entered to identify the type of data containedin a row or column.17.list Give a sequence of brief answer without expiationor calculation.18.measure obtain a value for a quantity19.outline Give a brief account or summary.20.plot mark the position of points on a diagram21.show Give the steps in a calculation or derivation22.sketch Represent by means of a diagram or graph(labelled as appropriate). The sketch should give ageneral idea of the required shape or relationship,and should include relevant features.23.solve obtain the answer using algebraic and/ornumerical and/or graphical methods.24.state Give a specific name, value or other brief answerwithout explanation or calculation.IGCSE physics英文物理常用词汇整理（精美配图解释）。
生物专业常用词汇 IB IGCSE A level必备 biology
Absorption 吸收Accommodation 调节Acid Rain 酸雨Acne 粉刺Active site 活性部位Active transport 主动转运Adaptation 适应Additives 添加剂Adenine 腺嘌呤Amylase 淀粉酶Anemia 贫血症Angina 心绞痛Angiosperm 被子植物Anopheles 疟蚊Anorexia 厌食Antagonistic pair 相互拮抗的Anther 花粉囊Antibiotic 抗生素Antibody 抗体Monoclonal 单克隆Antigen 抗原Antiseptic 防腐剂Aorta 主动脉Aphid 蚜虫Coronary Artery 冠状动脉Hepatic Artery 肝动脉Pulmonary Artery 肺动脉Renal Artery 肾动脉Arthritis 关节炎Arthropod 节肢动物Artificial selection 人工选择Athlete’s foot 脚气Atmosphere 大气ATP(Adenosine triphosphate) 三磷酸腺苷Atrium 心房Autotroph 自养生物Axes 轴Axon 轴突Bactericide 杀菌剂Bacteriostatic 抑菌剂Bacterium 细菌Base pair 碱基对Bee 蜜蜂Bicarbonate indicator 碳酸氢盐指示剂Biceps 二头肌Bile 胆汁Biogas 沼气Biological control 生物防治Bioreactor 生物反应器Bladder 膀胱Blind spot 盲点Red blood cell 红细胞white blood cell 白细胞BOD（Biological Oxygen Demand）生物耗氧Caffeine 咖啡因Calcium 钙Cambium 形成层（植）Bladder cancer 膀胱癌Colon cancer 结结肠癌Lung cancer 肺癌Skin cancer 皮肤癌Cap（Diaphragm）子宫帽Capillary 毛细血管Carbohydrate 糖类Carbon cycle 碳循环Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳Carnivore 肉食动物Carrier proteins 转运蛋白Carrier 转运者，载体Carrying capacity 转运能力Cartilage 软骨Catalyst 催化剂Cell division 细胞分裂Cellulose cell wall 植物前卫细胞壁Cellulose 植物纤维Centromere 着丝粒Cerebellum 小脑Cerebral cortex 大脑皮层Cervix 子宫颈CFC（Chlorofluorocarbon 含氯氟烃Chlorophyll 叶绿素Chloroplast 叶绿体Cholesterol 胆固醇Choroid 脉络膜Chromatid 染色单体Chromosome 染色体Ciliary muscle 睫状肌Cirrhosis 肝硬化Clinistix 尿糖试纸cobalt chloride paper 氯化钴试纸coil 避孕环color blindness 色盲combustion 燃烧community 群落cone cell 视锥细胞constipation 便秘consumer 消费者cornea 角膜cotyledon 子叶cuticle 表皮cystic fibrosis 囊性纤维化cytoplasm 细胞质cytosine 胞嘧啶DDT 滴滴涕（杀虫剂的一种）Deamination 去氨基Decomposition 分解腐烂Denaturation 变性denitrification 脱氮作用depression 抑郁diabetes 糖尿病dialysis 透析diaphragm 横膈膜diarrhea 腹泻adequate diet 足量饮食balanced diet 平衡饮食diffusion 扩散digestion 消化diploid 二倍体disease 疾病DNA 脱氧核糖核酸dominant 显性double helix 双螺旋Dow n ’s syndrome 唐氏综合症drugs 药物ecology 生态学ecosystem 生态系统egg 卵细胞embryo 胚胎emphysema 肺气肿endocrine gland 内分泌腺endonuclease 核酸内切酶endosperm 胚乳endothermy 温血状态，体温的生理调节energy 能量environmental resistance 环境的阻力enzyme 酶epidermis 表皮epididymis 附睾eutrophication 富营养作用excretion 排泄，分泌factor-8 因子8 （血友病的凝血因子）fair testing 客观的实验fermentation 发酵fermenter 发酵器fern 蕨类植物fertilization 受精fertilizer 肥料fever 发热fiber 纤维fibrin 纤维蛋白fibrinogen 纤维蛋白质filament 细丝fish farming 养鱼业flaccidity 软弱，枯萎fetus 胚胎food chain 食物链food preservation 食物保存fossil fuel 矿物燃料fruit 果实fungus 真菌，菌类gall bladder 胆囊gamete 配子gene probe 基因探针gene transfer 转基因gene vector 基因载体gene 基因genus 类，属geotropism 向地性global warming 全球变暖glucagon 胰高血糖素glucose 葡萄糖glycogen 糖原gonorrhea 淋病Graafian follicle 格拉夫卵泡，囊状卵泡graphs 线图greenhouse effect 温室效应grey and white matter 灰质和白质guanine 鸟嘌吟gut 消化道，内脏habitat 栖息地hemoglobin 血红蛋白hemophilia 血友病haploid 单倍体的hay fever 花粉热，干草热heat 热度，热量hepatitis 肝炎herbicide 除草剂herbivore 食草类动物heroin 海洛因heterotroph 异养生物heterozygous 咋合的homeostasis 平衡状态，稳态homologous pair 同源染色体对homozygous 纯合子的，同型结合的hormone 荷尔蒙horticulture 园艺human growth hormone 人类生长激素humerus 肱骨humidity 潮湿的，温度Huntingto n’s disease 杭廷顿氏舞蹈病hybridoma 杂交瘤hydrochloric acid 盐酸hyperglycemia 多糖症，高血糖症hypoglycemia 低血糖hypothalamus 丘脑下部hypothermia 体温过低hypothesis 假设active 主动passive 被动natural 天然artificial immunity 人工免疫independent assortment 自由组合，独立分配influenza 流行性感冒insect 昆虫insecticide 杀虫剂insulin 胰岛素iron 铁irradiation 放射，照射IUD（intra-uterine device）子宫内器件joint 关节karyotype 染色体组型key 关键kidney 肾脏kingdom 界，王国kwashiorkor 夸休可尔症，恶性营养不良lacteal 乳汁lactic acid 乳酸large intestine 大肠lead 铅leaf 树叶lens 晶体ligament 韧带ligase 连接酶light 光照limewater 石灰水limiting factor 限制因素Linnaeus 林奈lipase 脂肪酶lipid 脂类liver 肝脏loop of Henle 亨利氏襻louse 虱子LSD 麦角酸二乙基酰胺（致幻药）lung 肺lymphocyte 淋巴细胞lysozyme 溶菌酶magnesium 镁malnutrition 营养不良mammal 哺乳动物mammary gland 乳腺marasmus 消瘦，衰弱medulla 脊髓meiosis 减数分裂Mende l’s law孟德尔遗传定律meninges 脑膜meningitis 脑膜炎menstrual cycle 月经周期menstruation 月经meristem 分裂组织，生长点mesophyll 叶肉metabolism 新陈代谢methane 沼气，甲烷microorganism 微生物micropyle 珠孔mineral ions 矿物离子mitochondria 线粒体mitosis 有丝分裂moss 苔藓mould 霉菌mouth 口腔movement 运动muscle 肌肉mutagen 诱变剂mutation 突变myelin sheath 髓鞘natural selection 自然选择negative feedback 负反馈nephron 肾单位nervous system 神经系统neuron 神经元neurotransmitter 神经递质night blindness 夜盲nitrate 硝酸盐nitrification 硝化作用nitrogen fixation 固氮作用nitrogen cycle 氮循环nitrogen 氮气node of Ranvier 郎飞氏结nucleotide 核苷nucleus 细胞核obesity 肥胖esophagus 食道estrogen 雌激素oil 油optic nerve 视神经osmosis 渗透osteoporosis 骨质疏松ovary 卵巢，子房oviduct 输卵管ovulation ovule 胚珠oxygen debt 氧债oxygen 氧ozone 臭氧painkiller 止痛药pancreas 胰腺parasite 寄生虫pasteurization 巴氏灭菌法pathogen 病原体penicillin 青霉素penis 阴茎pepsin 胃蛋白酶peristalsis 蠕动pest 害虫pesticide 杀虫剂petal 花瓣PH 氢离子浓度phagocyte 吞噬细胞phenotype 显型pheromone 信息素phloem 韧皮部phosphate 磷酸盐photosynthesis 光合作用phototropism 趋光性Pill 口服避孕药pituitary hormones 脑垂体placenta 胎盘pulmonary 肺的radiation 放射radiotherapy 放射治疗radius 镭receptacle 容器，花托recessive 隐性的rectum 直肠reflex action 反射动作reflex arc 反射弧refrigeration 冷藏，制冷rennin 高血压蛋白酶，肾素reptile 爬行动物resistance 抵抗力，阻力respiration 呼吸aerobic respiration 需氧呼吸anaerobic respiration 厌氧呼吸respirometer 呼吸计restriction enzyme 限速酶retina 视网膜rhizobium 根瘤菌ribosome 核糖体rickets 软骨病，佝偻rod cell 视杆细胞root 根root nodule 根瘤roughage 粗粮Salmonella 沙门氏菌属saprotroph 腐生菌schizophrenia 精神分裂症SCP（single cell protein）单细胞蛋白质scrotum 阴囊scurvy 坏血症seed 种子selective breeding 选择育种sepal 萼片sewage 废水，污水sex 性别shiver 颤抖sickle cell anemia 镰状细胞血症skeleton 骨骼skin 皮肤sludge 泥浆，污泥small intestine 小肠smoke 吸烟solvent abuse 溶剂滥用species 种类，类型sperm 精子spermicide 杀精剂sphincter 括约肌spider 蜘蛛spinal cord 脊索sporulation 孢子形成stamen 雄蕊starch 淀粉stem 茎，干sterilization 灭菌，消毒stigma （花的）柱头stomach 胃stomata 口，气孔style 花柱sucrose 蔗糖surrogacy 代理sweating 排汗synapse 突触synovial fluid 骨膜液，关节液tables 表格tendon 腱testis 睾丸testosterone 睾酮，睾丸素thymine 胸腺嘧啶tobacco 烟草tooth decay 龋齿toxin 毒素transcription 转录transgenic organism 转基因生物体translation 翻译，转换transpiration 蒸发，蒸腾作用transplant 移植triceps 三头肌turgidity 肿胀，浮肿typhoid 伤寒ulna 尺骨umbilical cord 脐带unit 单位urea 尿素ureter 输尿管urethra 尿道uterus 子宫vaccine 疫苗vacuole 液泡vagina 阴道，叶鞘valve 心瓣膜variable 变量，变数vas deferens 输精管vascular bundle 维管束vasectomy 输精管切除术vasoconstriction and vasodilation 血管收缩和舒张vegetative propagation 无性繁殖vein 静脉hepatic portal vein 肝门静脉umbilical vein 脐静脉vena cava 腔静脉ventricle 心室vesicle （器官的）囊，泡villus 绒毛vinegar 醋剂，醋virus 病毒vitamins 维生素vulva 女阴water potential 水势能water 水weed killer 除草剂wilting 萎蔫X chromosome X染色体xylem 木质部Y chromosome Y染色体yeast 酵母yellow spot 黄斑zygote 受精卵。
消化系统疾病常用英文词汇表
消化系统疾病常用英文词汇表一、症状急性腹痛acute abdominal pain慢性腹痛chronic abdominal pain吞咽困难dysphagia吞咽痛odynophagia噫球感(咽部异物感) globus sensation呃逆hiccups食管源性胸痛chest pain of esophageal origin烧心heartburn反流regurgitation消化不良dyspepsia功能性消化不良functional dyspepsia恶心nausea呕吐vomiting腹泻diarrhea渗透性腹泻osmotic diarrhea分泌性腹泻secretory diarrhea炎性腹泻inflammatory diarrhea功能性腹泻functional diarrhea水样泻watery diarrhea脂肪泻steatorrhea便秘constipation消化道出血gastrointestinal bleeding上消化道出血upper gastrointestinal bleeding下消化道出血lower gastrointestinal bleeding不明原因消化道出血obscure gastrointestinal bleeding 隐匿性消化道出血occult gastrointestinal bleeding呕血hematemesis呕咖啡样物coffee-ground emesis黑便melena便血hematochezia便潜血阳性positive fecal occult blood test缺铁性贫血iron deficiency anemia黄疸jaundice间胆升高(高非结合胆红素血症) unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia直胆升高(高结合胆红素血症)conjugated hyperbilirubinemia胆汁淤积cholestasis肝内胆汁淤积intrahepatic cholestasis肝外胆汁淤积extrahepatic cholestasis肝功能异常abnormal liver chemistries腹水ascites肝占位liver mass消瘦weight loss二、食管疾病贲门失弛缓achalasia远端食管痉挛distal esophageal spasm(DES)胃食管反流病gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)食管裂孔疝hiatal hernia反流性食管炎/糜烂性食管炎reflux esophagitis/erosive esophagitis非糜烂性胃食管反流病nonerosive reflux disease(NERD)Barrett食管Barrett’s esophagus消化性食管狭窄peptic esophageal stricture药物所致的食管损伤medication-induced esophageal injury/pill-induced esophagitis嗜酸细胞性食管炎eosinophilic esophagitis贲门黏膜撕裂Mallory-Weiss syndrome自发性食管破裂Boerhaave’s syndrome自发性食管血肿spontaneous esophageal hematoma真菌性食管炎fungal esophagitis念珠菌性食管炎candidal esophagitis病毒性食管炎viral esophagitis食管鳞癌esophageal squamous cell carcinoma食管腺癌esophageal adenocarcinoma食管乳头状瘤esophageal papilloma食管平滑肌瘤esophageal leiomyoma食管脂肪瘤esophageal lipoma食管静脉曲张esophageal varices三、胃与十二指肠疾病胃轻瘫gastroparesis幽门螺杆菌感染helicobacter pylori infection胃炎gastritis慢性浅表性胃炎chronic superficial gastritis慢性非萎缩性胃炎chronic non-atrophic gastritis慢性萎缩性胃炎chronic atrophic gastritis自身免疫性萎缩性胃炎autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis 肠化生intestinal metaplasia异型增生dysplasia嗜酸细胞性胃肠炎eosinophilic gastroenteritis急性糜烂性胃炎acute erosive gastritisMénétrier 病Ménétrier’s disease门脉高压性胃病portal hypertensive gastropathy胃底静脉曲张gastric varices胃石gastric bezoar消化性溃疡病peptic ulcer disease胃溃疡gastric ulcer十二指肠溃疡duodenal ulcer难治性溃疡refractory ulcer溃疡出血ulcer bleedingForrest分级Forrest ClassificationI级活动出血active bleedingIa 喷射样出血spurting hemorrhageIb 渗血oozing hemorrhageII级有近期出血征象stigmata of recent hemorrhageIIa 血管显露visible vesselIIb 血栓附着adherent clotIIc 平坦的色素沉着flat pigmentationIII级干净的溃疡底部clean-base ulcersDieulafoy病变Dieulafoy’s lesion穿孔perforation胃出口梗阻(幽门梗阻) gastric outlet obstruction应激性溃疡stress ulcers卓-艾综合征Zollinger-Ellison syndrome胃息肉gastric polyps胃底腺息肉fundic gland polyps增生性息肉Hyperplastic polyps腺瘤adenoma炎性纤维性息肉Inflammatory fibroid polyps胃腺癌gastric adenocarcinoma早期胃癌early gastric cancer进展期胃癌advanced gastric cancer鲍曼分型Borrmann classification上皮下肿瘤subepithelial tumor黏膜下肿瘤submucosal tumor黏膜下病变submucosal lesions胃肠道间质瘤gastrointestinal stromal tumors神经内分泌肿瘤neuroendocrine tumors类癌carcinoid tumors淋巴瘤lymphoma平滑肌瘤leiomyoma脂肪瘤lipoma异位胰腺pancreatic rest(aberrant pancreas)胃扭转gastric volvulus四、小肠与大肠美克尔憩室Meckel’s diverticulum慢性小肠假性梗阻chronic small intestinal pseudoobstruction 小肠细菌过度生长small intestinal bacterial overgrowth短肠综合征short bowel syndrome乳糜泻celiac disease吸收不良malabsorptionWhipple病Whipple’s disease蛋白丢失性胃肠病protein-losing gastroenteropathy抗生素相关腹泻antibiotic-associated diarrhea伪膜性肠炎pseudomembranous enterocolitis难辨梭菌感染Clostridium difficile infection炎症性肠病inflammatory bowel disease克罗恩病Crohn’s disease蒙特利尔分类Montreal classification发病年龄age of onset (A)A1 ≤16;A2 17-40;A3 ＞40位置localization(L)末端回肠terminal ileum(L1)结肠colon(L2)回结肠ileocolon (L3)上消化道upper gastrointestinal (L4)临床行为behavior(B)非狭窄非穿透型nonstricturing nonpenetrating(B1)狭窄型structuring穿透型penetrating病情严重程度disease severity缓解期remission(S0)轻度mild中度moderate重度severe溃疡性结肠炎ulcerative colitis病变分布distribution of disease直肠炎型proctitis左半结肠炎型left-sided colitis广泛结肠炎型extensive colitis急性肠系膜缺血acute mesenteric ischemia肠系膜上动脉栓塞superior mesenteric artery embolus急性肠系膜上动脉血栓形成acute thrombosis of superior mesenteric artery 非闭塞性肠系膜缺血nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia肠系膜静脉血栓形成mesenteric venous thrombosis局灶节段性小肠缺血focal segmental ischemia of the small intestine缺血性结肠炎ischemic colitis结肠缺血colon ischemia白塞氏病Behçet’s disease过敏性紫癜Henoch-Schönlein purpura阑尾炎appendicitis结肠憩室colonic diverticulum结肠憩室病diverticular disease of the colon憩室炎diverticulitis憩室出血diverticular hemorrhage肠易激综合征irritable bowel syndrome肠梗阻intestinal obstruction小肠梗阻small bowel obstruction结肠梗阻colonic obstruction麻痹性肠梗阻ileus假性肠梗阻pseudo-obstruction巨结肠megacolon结肠息肉colonic polyp管状腺瘤tubular adenoma绒毛状腺瘤villous adenoma绒毛管状腺瘤tubulovillous adenoma原位癌carcinoma in situ黏膜内癌intramucosal carcinoma侧向发育型肿瘤lateral(laterally) spreading tumor(LST) 锯齿状息肉serrated polyp增生(化生)性息肉hyperplastic polyp幼年性息肉juvenile polypP-J息肉Peutz-Jeghers polyp炎性息肉Inflammatory polyp家族性腺瘤息肉病familial adenomatous polyposis(FAP) 错构瘤性息肉病hamartomatous polyposisP-J综合征Peutz-Jeghers syndrome幼年性息肉病Juvenile polyposisCronkhite-Canada 综合征Cronkhite-Canada syndrome结直肠癌colorectal cancer早期结肠癌early colonic caner进展期结肠癌advanced colonic cancer痔hemorrhoids内痔internal hemorrhoids外痔external hemorrhoids肛裂anal fissure肛周脓肿perianal abscess肛瘘fistula-in-ano/ anorectal fistula结肠血管扩张angioectasia of the colon遗传学毛细血管扩张症hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (Osler-Weber-Rendu disease)五、胰腺急性胰腺炎acute pancreatitis胆源性胰腺炎gallstone pancreatitis酒精性胰腺炎Alcohol-induced pancreatitis轻症mild中重症moderately severe重症severe间质水肿性胰腺炎interstitial oedematous pancreatitis坏死性胰腺炎necrotising pancreatitis急性胰周液体积聚acute peripancreatic fluid collection(APFC)胰腺假性囊肿pancreatic pseudocyst急性坏死性积聚acute necrotic collection(ANC)包裹性坏死walled-off necrosis(WON)感染性坏死infected necrosis复发性胰腺炎recurrent pancreatitis慢性胰腺炎chronic pancreatitis自身免疫性胰腺炎autoimmune pancreatitisIgG4相关性疾病IgG4-related disease胰管扩张pancreatic duct dilation胰腺囊性病变cystic lesions of the pancreas导管内乳头状粘液瘤intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm(IPMN)浆液性囊腺瘤serous cystic neoplasm粘液性囊腺瘤mucinous cystic neoplasm实性假乳头状瘤solid pseudopapillary tumor胰腺分裂pancreas divisum胰腺癌pancreatic cancer壶腹癌carcinoma of ampulla of vater六、胆道Oddi括约肌功能障碍sphincter of Oddi dysfunction(SOD) 胆石症gallstone disease胆绞痛biliary pain急性胆囊炎acute cholecystitis慢性胆囊炎chronic cholecystitis胆总管结石choledocholithiasis胆管炎cholangitis化脓性胆管炎suppurative cholangitisMirizzi综合征Mirizzi’s syndrome胆管恶性梗阻malignant biliary stricture胆管癌cholangiocarcinoma胆囊癌gallbladder carcinoma不明原因的胆管狭窄indeterminate biliary stricture胆管良性狭窄benign biliary strictures硬化性胆管炎sclerosing cholangitis原发性硬化性胆管炎primary sclerosing cholangitis七、肝脏肝硬化cirrhosis门脉高压portal hypertension血色病hemochromatosis肝豆状核变性Wilson disease病毒性肝炎viral hepatitis甲型肝炎hepatitis A乙型肝炎hepatitis B丙型肝炎hepatitis C丁型肝炎hepatitis D戊型肝炎hepatitis E药物学肝损害drug-induced liver injury肝脓肿liver abscess布加综合征Budd-Chiari syndrome门静脉血栓portal vein thrombosis肝小静脉闭塞症hepatic veno-occlusive disease缺血性肝炎ischemic hepatitis酒精性肝病alcoholic liver disease酒精性肝炎alcoholic hepatitis酒精性肝硬化alcoholic cirrhosis非酒精性脂肪性肝病nonalcoholic fatty liver disease 自身免疫性肝炎autoimmune hepatitis原发性胆汁性肝硬化primary bililary cirrhosis自发性细菌性腹膜炎spontaneous bacterial peritonitis 肝性脑病hepatic encephalopathy肝肾综合征hepatorenal syndrome肝肺综合征hepatopulmonary syndrome急性肝衰竭acute liver failure肝细胞癌hepatocellular carcinoma肝内胆管癌intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma肝囊肿hepatic cysts海绵状血管瘤cavernous hemangioma八、解剖及内镜术语胃窦antrum胃体body贲门cardia胃底fundus十二指肠duodenum肛门anus直肠rectum乙状结肠sigmoid colon降结肠descending colon横结肠transverse colon肝曲hepatic flexure升结肠ascending colon盲肠cecum空肠jejunum回肠ileum末端回肠terminal ileum内镜下静脉曲张套扎术endoscopic variceal ligation内镜下静脉曲张硬化治疗endoscopic sclerotherapy组织胶治疗cyanoacrylate injection therapy注射治疗injection therapy内镜下黏膜切除术endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR)内镜黏膜下剥离术endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)息肉切除术polypectomy内镜下扩张与支架置入术endoscopic dilation and stenting(stent placement)经皮内镜下胃造瘘术percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy(PEG)经口内镜下肌切开术peroral endoscopic myotomy(POEM)超声内镜endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)内镜下逆行胰胆管造影endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)胶囊内镜capsule endoscopy双气囊小肠镜double-balloon endoscopeV1、0王晔2017、2、1。
《消化系统英文版》课件
The gallbladder stores bill produced by the liver and releases it into the duodynum in response to signals from the small intent
03
Pancream
The pancras products enzymes that aid in protein, carbohydrate,
Digestive enzymes
Breaking down food into small particles through Chewing and mixing with Saliva
Secreted by the pancras, livers, and gallbladders to aid in chemical digestion
colonial utility
Elimination of waste
03
Formation of fees
Role of colon
Waste material that cannot be absorbed through the large intention where it is further processed and water is reabsorbed
Mouth
The Mouth is the opening at the antagonist end of the digestive tract It is lined by moist, pink mucosa and contains several sense receivers that aid in taste and touch The tongue is a muscular organization that aids in chewing, swinging, and speech
IGCSE Biology 英文生物词汇表
1.abdomen: 肚子2.absorb:吸收3.absorb; take in: 吸收4.Absorption: 吸收5.active site: 活性位点6.active transport: 主动运输7.adaptations:适应8.adapted: 适合的9.agriculture: 农业10.AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome): 艾滋病11.air: 空气12.alimentary canal: 消化道13.amino acids: 氨基酸14.amphibians: 两栖动物15.amylase:淀粉酶16.anaerobic: 厌氧的17.anatomy: n. 解剖；解剖学；剖析；骨骼18.animalia: 动物界19.annelids: 环节动物20.antibodies: 抗体21.anus:肛门22.apparatus: 设备23.appearance: 外貌24.appendix: 阑尾25.Arachnids: 蛛形纲26.arteriole: 小动脉27.artery:动脉28.Arthropods: 节肢动物29.atmosphere: 大气层30.atoms: 原子31.attractive forces: 引力32.bacteria:细菌33.balanced diet: 均衡饮食34.beak: 鸟嘴35.Beaker: 烧杯36.bear:熊37.begin to grow: 开始成长38.behaviour: n. 行为39.Benedict's test: 本尼迪特式试验40.bile duct: where bile enters the duodenum 41.binomial nomenclature: 双名法42.birds: 鸟类43.bolus: 食团44.book lungs: 书肺45.breed: 繁殖46.Bunsen burner: 本生灯47.burst: 爆裂48.Caecum: 盲肠49.candidate: 候选人50.canines: 犬齿51.cap: 帽子52.capillary: 毛细血管53.capillary tube: 毛细管54.carbohydrase: 糖酶55.carbohydrates: 碳水化合物56.carbon: 碳57.carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳58.carnivora: 食肉目59.catalase: 过氧化氢酶60.catalysts: 催化剂61.caudal fin: 尾鳍62.cell membrane: 细胞膜63.cellulose: 纤维素64.cell wall: 细胞壁65.centipede: 蜈蚣66.cereal grains: 粮谷67.chemical digestion: 化学消化68.chemical fertilizers: 化肥69.chemicals: 化学物质70.chlorophyll: 叶绿素71.chloroplast: 叶绿体72.chloroplasts: 叶绿体73.chordata: 脊索动物门74.ciliated cells: 纤毛细胞75.class: 纲76.Classification: 分类77.classification: 分类78.claw: 爪子IGCSE Biology 英文生物词汇表79.clot: 凝块80.colon: 结肠mon ancestor: 常见祖先82.concentration: 集中83.concentration gradient: 浓度梯度84.conservation:环保85.Copper salts: 铜盐86.copper sulfate: 硫酸铜87.coronary heart disease: 冠心病88.cover slip: 盖玻片89.crop: 庄稼90.Crustaceans: 甲壳类动物91.crystal: 水晶92.cultivate: 培养93.Cytoplasm: 细胞质94.cytoplasm:细胞质95.DCPIP: 二氯酚靛酚（检验维生素C）96.deceptive: 欺骗性的97.deer: 鹿98.deforestation: 破坏森林99.denature: 变性100.diagram:图表101.diaphragm: 隔膜102.diastole: 舒张期103.diet: 饮食104.Diffusion: 扩散105.diffusion: 扩散106.digestion: 消化，吸收107.digestive system: 消化系统108.dilute solution: 稀溶液109.Disaccharide: 二糖110.dissolve:溶解111.DNA: 脱氧核糖核酸112.domesticate: 驯养113.duodenum: 十二指肠114.dwindled:减少115.egestion: 排泄116.embryo: 胚芽117.endocrine glands: 内分泌腺118.endoscope: 内窥镜119.endothermic: 温血的120.environment: 环境121.enzymes: 酶122.enzyme-substrate complex: 酶-底物复合物123.epidermis tissue: 表皮组织124.Epiglottis: 会厌125.examination: 考试126.excretion: n. 排泄，排泄物127.exoskeleton: 外骨骼128.extinct: 灭绝的129.factors: 因数130.family: 科131.famine: 饥荒132.fat: 脂肪133.feathers: 羽毛134.felidae: 猫科135.female: 女136.ferrets: 雪貂137.fibre: 纤维138.fibrin: 纤维蛋白139.fins: 鱼鳍140.fish: 鱼141.flaccid: 不结实的，松弛的142.flagellum: 鞭毛143.flower: 花144.forelimb: 前肢145.forensics: 法医学146.fossil fuel: 矿物燃料147.fungi: 真菌148.gall bladder: 胆囊149.gametes: 生殖细胞150.gastric pits: 胃小凹151.genetic: 基因的152.genus: 属153.germinate: 发芽154.gills: 鳃155.glucose: 葡萄糖156.glycogen: 糖原157.graduated cylinder: 量筒158.graze: 放牧159.grind: 磨碎160.growth: n.生长,增长,发展161.habitat destruction: 栖息地破坏162.haemocyanin: 血蓝蛋白163.haemoglobin: 血红蛋白164.heart: 心脏165.heart disease: 心脏病166.hepatic vein: 肝静脉167.homeostasis: 体内平衡168.hormones: 荷尔蒙169.human being: 人170.hydrochloric acid: 盐酸171.hydrogen: 氢172.hypha: 菌丝173.ileum:回肠174.illustrate: 说明175.Incisors:门牙176.industrialised: adj. 工业化的177.ingestion:摄食178.insecticides: 杀虫剂179.insects: 昆虫180.intensive farming: 密度种植181.interpret:解释182.iodine: 碘183.iron: 铁184.jointed: 有关节的185.kidney:肾186.kidneys: 肾脏187.kilojoule: 千焦耳188.kingdom: 界189.Kwashiorkor: 恶性营养不良rge intestine: 大肠rva: 幼虫tex gloves: 橡胶手套yers: 层194.leaf:叶子195.Leafhopper: 叶蝉196.leo: 狮子座197.lion: 狮子198.lipase: 脂肪酶199.liquid: 液体的200.litmus: 石蕊201.liver: 肝202.livestock: 牲畜203.the lock and key mechanism: 锁匙机制204.lumen: 流明205.lung: n.肺206.lungs: 肺部207.Lymphatic system: 淋巴系统208.machinery: 机器209.magnification: 放大210.male: 男 nán 211.maltase: 麦芽糖酶212.maltose: 麦芽糖213.mammal: 哺乳动物214.mammalia: 哺乳215.mammals: 哺乳动物216.mammary glands: 乳腺217.marasmus: 消瘦218.mate: 交配219.mechanical digestion: 机械消化220.medication: 药物221.membrane: n.薄膜；细胞膜222.metabolic reactions: 代谢反应223.metabolism: 新陈代谢224.metal ore: 金属矿石225.methylene blue: 亚甲蓝lipede: 千足虫227.minerals: 矿物质228.mitochondrion: 线粒体229.mol: 摩尔230.molars: 臼齿231.molluscs: 软体动物232.Monoculture: 单一栽培233.Monosaccharides: 单糖234.morphology: n. 形态学235.movement: 运动236.multicellular: 多细胞的237.Mycelium: 菌丝体238.Myriapods: 多足类239.Myxomatosis: n.多发性粘液瘤240.Nanometer: 纳米241.nasal cavity: 鼻腔242.Nematodes: 线虫243.nerve cells:神经细胞244.nucleus: 原子核245.Nutrients: 营养246.nutrients: 营养247.nutrition: n.营养,营养学248.obesity: 肥胖249.obtain: 获得250.Oesophagus: 食管251.offspring: 后代252.onion bulb: 洋葱头253.onion plant: 洋葱植物254.orchid:兰花255.order: 目an: 器官anisms: 1.n. [生物] 生物体；[生物]有机体an system: 器官系统259.osmosis: 渗透260.oxygen: 氧气261.palate: 上颚262.Palisade mesophyll cells: 栅栏叶肉细胞263.pancreas: 胰腺264.pancreatic duct: 胰管265.panthera: 豹266.partially: 部分的267.particles: 颗粒268.Peristalsis: 蠕动269.pheromone: 信息素270.phylum:门271.Pipette: 移液管272.placenta: 胎盘273.plaque: 牙菌斑274.plasma: 血浆275.plasmid: 质粒276.plasmolysed: 质壁分离的277.platypus: 鸭嘴兽278.pollen: 花粉279.pollinator: 传粉媒介280.pollutants: 污染物质281.pollution: 污染282.Polysaccharides: 多糖283.population: n.人口；全体居民284.potassium dichromate: 重铬酸钾285.potassium permanganate: 高锰酸钾286.prairies: 大草原287.pregnant: 怀孕的288.Premolars: 小臼齿289.product: 产物290.Prokaryotes: 原核生物291.protease: 蛋白酶292.protection: 保护293.Protein: 蛋白质294.protein coat: 蛋白质外壳295.Protoctista: 原生生物296.pulmonary: 肺的297.pure: 纯洁的298.puzzling: adj. 使迷惑的，使莫名其妙的299.quantity: 数量300.rainforest: 雨林301.random: 随机的302.rebounding: 反弹303.rectum: 直肠304.red blood cells: 红细胞305.related: adj.叙述的, 讲述的, 有关系的306.renal artery: 肾动脉307.renal vein: 肾静脉308.reproduction: 繁殖309.reptiles: 爬行动物310.respiration: 呼吸作用311.Ribosomes: 核糖体312.rice: 米饭313.rickets: 佝偻病314.RNA: 核糖核酸315.root: 根316.root hair cell: 根毛细胞317.root hair cells: 根毛细胞318.rubbery: 橡胶似的319.saliva:唾液320.salivary duct: 唾管321.salivary glands: 唾液腺322.sap: 树液323.scaly skin: 有鳞的皮肤324.scurvy: 坏血病325.secrete: 分泌326.segment: 部分327.selective breeding: 选择育种328.sensitivity:n.敏感，灵敏性329.sharp blade: 锋利刀片330.silting: 淤积331.skull: 头骨332.slide: 滑动333.small intestine: 小肠334.soak up: 吸收335.soils: 土壤336.soluble: 可溶的337.solute: 溶质338.solvent: 溶剂339.specialised: 专门的340.Species: 种341.species: 种342.species diversity: 物种多样性343.sperm and egg cells: gametes 344.sphincter muscle: 括约肌345.spores: 孢子346.stain: 污点347.starch: 淀粉348.starch phosphorylase: 磷酸化酶349.stomach: 肚子350.stomach lining: 胃粘膜351.stomata: 气孔352.stretch: 伸展353.substrate: 底物354.sucrase:蔗糖酶355.supply: 供应356.sustainable: 可持续的357.swollen: 肿胀的358.systole: 收缩期359.test-tube: 试管360.test tube holder: 试管夹361.thorax: 胸腔362.tiger: 老虎363.tissue: 组织364.tongue: 舌头365.tooth decay: 龋齿366.toxic: 有毒的367.trachea: 气管368.transpiration: 蒸腾作用369.transport protein: 转运蛋白370.tropical: 热带的371.turgid: 浮夸的372.unicellular: 单细胞的373.urea: 尿素374.urine: 尿375.vacuole: 液泡376.vein: 静脉377.vena cava: 腔静脉378.ventricular: 心室的379.venule: 小静脉380.vertebrates: 脊椎动物381.vestigial: 幼体382.villi: 绒毛383.virus: 病毒384.Visking tubing: 透析袋385.vitamin: 维生素386.vitamin C: 维生素C 387.Vitamin D: 维生素D 388.wasp: 黄蜂389.waste products: 废物390.waterproof: 防水的391.wheat: 小麦392.wilt: 枯萎393.woodlice: 木虱394.worm: 蠕虫395.xylem vessels: 木质部导管。
消化系统(英文版) PPT课件
The large intestine is made up of three portions: the ascending, transverse and descending colon. It is the portion of the digestive system most responsible for absorption of water from the indigestible residue of food. The ileocecal valve of the ileum (small intestine) passes material into the large intestine at the cecum. Material passes through the ascending, transverse, descending and sigmoid portions of the colon, and finally into the rectum. From the rectum and anus, the waste is expelled from the body.
Liver is the largest gland in the body. On the surface, the liver is divided into two major lobes and two smaller lobes. It overlies and almost completely covers the stomach.
医学英语——消化部分课件
duodenum jejunum (空肠) ileum (回肠) colon (结肠)
(L) duodeno(L) jejuno(L) ile(G) col- / colon-
cecum / blind gut (L) cec(L) typhl-
duodenoscopy
jejunostomy
ileorectal
colic colonoscopy cecal typhlitis
17
Digestive System
appendix
(L) appendi-
appendicitis
sigmoid rectum (直肠)
(G) sigmoid-
(L) rect(G) procto-
sigmoidoscopy
rectal proctolectomy
3
Stomach
• A stretchy bag that holds your food after you eat
• Helps to break food into smaller pieces so your body can use it for energy and nutrition
• Located under your liver
• Shaped like a pear
10
Gallbladder
11
Liver
. Factory for antibodies and bile . Stores vitamins and sugars until your body needs them
4
Esophagus Stomach
5
Small Intestine
IGCSE生物中英词汇去水印
IGCSE 生物中英词汇Characteristics of living organismsnutrition ：摄取营养respiration ：呼吸作用reproduction ：生殖movement ：运动Excretion ：排泄Sensitivity ：应激性Growth ：生长metabolism ：代谢Cellmulticellular ：多细胞生物的cytoplasm ：细胞质chloroplast ：叶绿体epidermis ：上皮细胞organelle ：细胞器centriole ：中心体endoplasmic reticulum ：内质网palisade cell ：栅栏细胞muscle cell ：肌肉细胞root hair ：根毛xylem ：木质部tissue ：组织system ：系统osmosis ：渗透enzyme ：酶optimum temperature ：最适温度biological catalysts ：生物催化剂Nucleus ：细胞核vacuole ：液泡photosynthesis ：光合作用mitochondria ：线粒体golgi body ：高尔基体cell division ：细胞分离liver ：肝脏ciliated cell ：纤毛细胞magnification ：放大率phlome ：韧皮部organ ：器官diffusion ：扩散active transport ：主动运输amylase ：淀粉酶active site ：活性位点concentration gradient ：浓度梯度Membrane ：细胞膜Nutrientscarbohydrate ：碳水化合物fructose ：果糖sucrose ：蔗糖starch ：淀粉fat ：脂类glucose ：葡萄糖maltose ：麦芽糖cellulose ：纤维素glycogen ：糖原glycerol ：甘油fatty acid ：脂肪酸amino acid ：氨基酸vitamins ：维他命iron ：铁dietary fiber ：膳食纤维yoghurt ：酸奶anemia ：贫血scurvy ：败血症obesity ：肥胖chlorophyll ：叶绿素oxygen ：氧气upper epidermis ：上表皮细胞spongy mesophyll ：海绵叶肉stoma ：气孔nitrate ions ：硝酸根离子light intensity ：光强度protein ：蛋白质iodine ：碘mineral salts ：矿质盐calcium ：钙microorganism ：微生物rickets ：佝偻病malnutrition ：营养失衡constipation ：便秘photosynthesis ：光合作用carbon dioxide ：二氧化碳cuticle ：角质层palisade mesophyll ：栅栏叶肉vascular bundles ：维管束guard cell ：保卫细胞magnesium ：镁coronary artery ：冠状动脉Digestioningestion ：摄取食物faeces ：粪便mechanical digestion ：物理消化absorbtion ：吸收alimentary canal ：消化道salivary glands ：唾液腺stomach ：胃duodenum ：十二指肠pancreas ：胰腺gall bladder：胆囊colon ：结肠anus ：肛门amylase ：淀粉酶lipase ：脂酶egestion ：排泄digestion ：消化chemical digestion ：化学消化assimilation ：同化mouth：嘴oesophagus：食道small intestine：小肠ileum：回肠liver：肝脏large intestine：大肠rectum：直肠bile ：胆汁protease ：蛋白酶maltase ：麦芽糖酶。