南京师范大学 英美文学[复试]03 考研真题
2021南京师范大学英语语言文学考研真题经验参考书
应学妹要求，分享一些自己总结的经验。
之前因为复试结果没出就没有静下心来去写。
现在分享给大家。
前期准备：自己应该对自己的专业有一些了解，具体分数线呀，专业课的参考书目呀这些内容研究生招生网上都有，自己勤快点，考研必须学会自己搜集信息，这也是一场悄无声息信息战。
一旦下定决心确立目标就要静下心来去备战！有人担心学校的问题，会不会介意本科学校什么的，这些大可不必担心，老师都很和蔼，整个考试也是很公平的。
最重要的是你自己怎么努力。
关于思想政治理论，这一门我考的不是太好，由于自己没有重视，也没有好好做准备，所以拉低了整体的分数。
大家可参考其他学姐的经验。
文学这方面我看的是世界文学史纲，对各个流派的作家及其作品都有分时期的总结。
期间也借鉴了学姐的笔记，主要是学习人家是怎样整理知识框架的。
整理了日本作家，后来真的考了村上春树。
听说诺贝尔文学奖作家及作品也要看，这个我倒是没细看。
整体感觉这一门出题考的是知识储备量，同学们可以多多了解一些作家及其文学作品。
但所占分值不大，可以不作为重点。
关于语言学主要是戴炜栋，今年出了我没太重视的知识点，考前我看了一眼没当回事，结果竟然考了，那个悔啊。
所以大家不要心存侥幸，一定要做好万全的准备。
作文我准备的晚，买了一本作文素材书，闲暇时看素材也就当作放松了。
按照高考作文的套路来写就可以了。
语言学是很重要的。
刚开始看第一遍的时候，没有留下什么印象，之后自己开始写笔记并整理知识框架，也有利于理清知识点之间的联系，同时也开始背第一遍。
一个月之后背完第一遍。
本来想着考前背个7--8遍，结果计划赶不上变化，图书馆走廊不许背书，我比较介意这一点，背书速度也受到影响，考前只背了五遍。
第一遍背是边看书边看自己的笔记，后来就直接拿着书开始背。
第一遍结束并没有记下什么，随着遍数慢慢增加就好了。
考前那段时间对照真题默写了容易出题的知识点。
上考场之前还在背书，可以说是很着急了。
成绩出来后自己也很意外，可以说老天很眷顾我了。
南京师范大学考研真题清单
南京师范大学考研真题清单611汉语综合2017When you are old and grey and full of sleep, And nodding by the fire, take down this book, And slowly read, and dream of the soft look Your eyes had once, and of their shadows deep; How many loved your moments of glad grace, And loved your beauty with love false or true, But one man loved the pilgrim soul in you,And loved the sorrows of your changing face;And bending down beside the glowing bars, Murmur, a little sadly, how love fledAnd paced upon the mountains overhead And hid his face amid a crowd of stars.The furthest distance in the worldIs not between life and deathBut when I stand in front of youYet you don't know thatI love you.The furthest distance in the worldIs not when I stand in front of youYet you can't see my loveBut when undoubtedly knowing the love from both Yet cannot be together.The furthest distance in the worldIs not being apart while being in loveBut when I plainly cannot resist the yearningYet pretending you have never been in my heart. The furthest distance in the worldIs not struggling against the tidesBut using one's indifferent heartTo dig an uncrossable riverFor the one who loves you.倚窗远眺，目光目光尽处必有一座山，那影影绰绰的黛绿色的影，是春天的颜色。
南京师范大学美国文学史考研模拟题1
专业课复习资料（最新版）封面美国文学史及选读模拟试题1I.Identify the following works(20%)Title author genreExample Rip Van Winkle Washington Irving Short story1.The Red Badge of Courage__(Stephen Crane)________(novel)________2.The Great Gatsby_(Scott Fitzgerald)________(novel)________3.Sister Carrie_(Theodore Dreiser)______(novel)________4.The Color Purple__(Alice Walker)_______(novel)_________5.The Waste Land___(T.S.Eliot)__________(poem)________6.For Whom the Bell Tolls_(Ernest Hemingway)_____(novel)_________7.The Sound and the Fury_(William Faulkner)______(novel)__________8.Winesburg,Ohio_(Sherwood Anderson___(short story collection)_9.Main Street_(Sinclair Lewis)_________(novel)__________10.O Pioneers_(Willa Cather)____________(novel)__________ II.Define the following terms(30%)1.Realism（Literary realism refers to the trend and the movement which began in the mid-19th century.The rise of realism is seen as a protest against the highly subjective approach of romanticism.The romantic fiction tends to present life according to what people imagine life should be–more picturesque,fantastic,adventurous,or heroic than actuality.Realism,on the other hand,attempts to present life as it really is.Therefore,realism downplays plot in favor of details of everyday life.Realistic writers aim at a sort of writing in which the familiar,ordinary aspects of life are depicted in a straightforward manner designed to reflect the true picture of life.For realism, simple,clear and direct prose is the preferred style and objectivity on the part of the writer the proper attitude.Thebasic principle of realism is however seriously challenged by contemporary literary theories,which believe that, since there is a process of subjective selection and reorganization of materials,no written work can actually be a “faithful representation”of reality anymore.In spite of the dispute,so far realism remains one of the dominant forms of literature.）2.The Lost Generation(The term applies to the American writers,born around1900,who were disillusioned by the First World War and voluntarily exiled to Paris,forming a group against certain tendencies of older writers in the1920s.The term,as descriptive of the loss to them of traditional values as a result of the war and other large-scale social evils, was widely applied to such figures as Ernest Hemingway,Scott Fitzgerald,Ezra Pound, T.S.Eliot and others.These writers have at least three things in common:they were all ex-soldiers spiritually shattered by the war;they all lived in Paris for a certain period of time and associated with the informal literary saloon of Gertrude Stein’s Paris home;and they were all disillusioned with the American tradition of writing as well as the post-war American Society.Hemingway’s novel The Sun Also Rises is generally regarded as the best example of the Lost Generation literature.)III.Essay Questions(50%)1.Some critics complain that Mark Twain wrote well only when he was writing about young people.They say that his psychology was really only child psychology;his humor was often rather childish.Do you agree with the opinion of one critic:“Twain was a boy and an old man,but never was he a man”?Take one of Twain’s books as an example to support your views.(Indeed Mark Twain is best known for his novels The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn,both of which have boys as their protagonists. But we cannot thus claim that the author had a child’s mentality or was incapable of writing something more sophisticated.Take The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn as an example.The author uses Huck as a“naive narrator,”one whose perception is lower than that of the reader,allowing him to tell the story without fully understanding it,while at the same time entrust the reader to see the deeper side of the tale.The dramatic irony thus created actually enrich the meaning of the novel. For another example,the relationship between Huck and Jim is an indirect comment on human relationship at the time,when slavery in the American South was still a way of life.The protagonist Huck,though lacking in refinery and education,was portrayed by Mark Twain as someone nobler than those genteel members of the society, because he still retains his innocence,and has not yet been corrupted by the dominant ideology of the time.The child figure and the child’s perspective of the world provide a contrast to the accepted way of thinking.The novel is commonly acclaimed as one of the land-marking literary achievement precisely because Mark Twain chose a child–a social outcast–as the central figure of the novel.)2.Make a brief comment on the following poem:The apparition of those faces in the crowd;Petals on a wet,black bough.(Ezra Pound)(The two lines are actually the whole poem of“In a Station of the Metro”by Ezra Pound,regarded as a classic specimen of Imagist poetry.Pound was once in a Paris subway station and was struck by the sight of the faces of a few pretty women and children in a crowd hurrying out of the dim,damp and somber station.The impression was recorded by the poet through the concentration on a few“images”that were conveyed to the reader without comments.The result is the poem,so short as to have only two lines with“the object”to be brought sharply to reader’s notice: the faces in that dim and damp context.The impression was brought out most vividly by the single,dominant image of flower petals on a wet,black bough,which serves as the most concise,direct and definite metaphor for the“faces in the crowd.”Thus,this short piece becomes a fine example of the Imagism in poetry,which stresses the primacy of the image,the concrete and the particular.Images,not general statements,by the understanding of this group of new poets,are the fundamental building blocks of poetry.“The point of Imagism is,”as Ezra Pound once said,“that it does not use images as ornaments.The image itself is the speech.”Poets like Pound learned from Oriental poetry including the ancient Chinese poems which had long been following the principle which gave the Western imagists their inspiration.The poem cited above enables the reader to see the physical thing rather than put him through an abstract process.The argument is loud and strong:lucid logical exposition is not good poetry,and the best poetic effect is visual and concrete.)Survey of American Literature Name__________Examination Paper(Sample)Class_________Score_________I.Identify the following works(20%)Title author genreExample Rip Van Winkle Washington Irvin Short story1.The Road Not Taken Robert Frost poem2.In Another Country James Baldwin Novel3.In a Station of the Metro Ezra Pound poem4.A Rose for Emily William Faulkner short story5.Annabel Lee Allen Poe poem6.The Grapes of Wrath John Steinbeck novel7.The Iceman Cometh Eugene O’Neill play8.Hills Life White Elephants Ernest Hemingway short story9.A&P John Updike short story10.The Catcher in the Rye J. D.Salinger novelII.Define the following terms(30%)1.epiphany(Epiphany is a way of writing that the Irish writer James Joyce first employed in his short stories,and later has been preferred by a lot of short story writers. Sometimes in a story,the writer builds up the events,leading to the protagonist’s finally awakening to some truth that he was unaware of previously.Thus he experiences an epiphany,a sudden realization or a moment of insight.Epiphany is originally a religious term,meaning a person’s soul suddenly being enlightened by God’s wisdom. As a literary term,it means the revelation of some deep truth.For example,in Sherwood Anderson’s“The Egg,”the Father finally knelt down and“cried like a baby”because he became aware of the fact that he had wasted twenty years of his best life and that the American Dream for him was unrealizable.The writer would not tell the reader what the insight is,but expects the reader to“fill in the gap”and to see the plight with the cooperation of his own imagination.Another short story of Anderson’s“I’m a Fool”is also a good example of Epiphany technique.) 2.the“Southern Renaissance”(The Southern Renaissance refers to the period of literary flourishing in the American South,especially with the appearance of William Faulkner.Before Faulkner, the South was almost a literary desertland,with few writers giving voice to the subculture and the people of the region.Down to present day,the rest of the United States continue to regard the South as somewhat different,marked by the history of slavery,the defeat in Civil War,the isolationism,economic backwardness andcultural conservatism.The general situation called for a literary spokesman of the region.Starting from early1920s,William Faulkner began to publish a series of novels and short stories,focusing on the history of some families in a small mythical place in the deep South called Yoknapatawpha County modeled after his own home town. He traces the rise and the fall of a few generations of some typical Southern families, and vividly recaptured the disintegration of the South together with the intense drama of the people under distress.The American South jumped before the eyes of the world and a type of new literature,typical of the South came to be an important part of American literature.Faulkner was followed by a group of brilliant Southern writers, mostly women,such as Caroline Gordon,Katherine Anne Porter,Eudora Welty,Carson McCullers and Flannery O’Connor.)III.Essay Questions(50%)1.What are the chief features of modernist literature?What did the modernist writers achieve?(Literary Modernism defines itself by its clear differences from both Romanticism, with its optimism,and from Realism,with its clear direction of social criticism and its belief in faithful representation of“reality.”Influenced by Sigmund Freud’s new understanding of human psychology and Carl Jung’s idea of the "collective unconscious,"Modernists attempted to find new ways of perceiving reality. Writers turned away from presenting life from the outside through details of human behavior,and turn to the insights of the new psychology,empahsizing in their works personal perceptions,dreams,mental states and other aspects of the internal existence.Modernism is seen,in large part,as a reaction to the dominance of city life as a central force in society.Many Modernist works are marked by the absence of a central,heroic figure,bur rather,they often express the plight of the individual in a world of machinery and commercialism.In fact,a common protagonist in Modernist fiction is that of an alienated individual trying in vain to make sense of a predominantly urban world.Life is viewed as incoherent,empty,fragmented and meaningless.Directed by Freudian psychology,Modernist writers found a huge world yet unexplored in literature,the world of human subconscious and unconscious.Modernfiction began to concern itself more and more with different levels of psychological and subjective reality.In order to represent the internal reality,Modernists had to search for new ways of expression and launched a technical revolution in expressive methods.Artistically,the new fiction is characterized by being innovative and richly experimental.One of the most effective and frequently employed new methods is a mode called“strean if consciousness”writing,with writers endeavoring to explore the interior lives of their characters by way of revealing the“flow”in the minds of individuals,and by means of associating ideas with impressions in a natural but non-logical way.)2.The following is quoted from Jack London’s“The Law of Life.”Explain theauthor’s philosophy behind the the paragraph.“He did not complain.It was the way of life,and it was just.He had been born close to the earth,close to the earth had he lived,and the law thereof was not new to him.It was the law of all flesh.Nature was not kindly to the flesh.She had no concern for that concrete thing called the individual.Her interest lay in the species,the race.This was the deepest abstraction old Koskoosh’s barbaric mind was capable of,but he grasped it firmly.”(This paragraph reveals the typical concept of a naturalist writer that Jack London was.His“Northland Tales,”“The Law of Life”included,are examples of his ready acceptance of the concepts of literary naturalism which attempts to apply scientific principles of objectivity to its study of human beings.The short story reminds us of what the French writer Emile Zola said about this type of writing:that the ideal of a Naturalist was the selection of truthful instances to be placed in the“laboratory conditions”of fiction,where the hypotheses of the theories about the nature and operation of the forces that worked on human beings could be put to the test.The astonishing achievements in the areas of natural and social sciences, especially in the second half of the19th century,had greatly influenced Jack London and other writers of the time.The above quoted words reflect the writer’response to the revolution in thought that modern science produced,especially Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution and survival of the fittest through natural selection. This theory told the Naturalistic writers that man’s existence was shaped by heredity and environment,over which he had little control.Therefore,the cited paragraphreveals the author’s pessimistic understanding of man’s capability and his view of determinism.From what goes on in the mind of Old Koskoosh,we can have a glimpse of the writer’s sad message regarding human beings as passive victims of natural and social environment.)。
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南京师范大学美国文学史考研模拟题2
专业课复习资料（最新版）封面美国文学史及选读模拟试题2I.Multiple Choice10’1.Who is different from others according to the division of writing period?A.Washington IrvingB.William Cullen BryantC.Captain John SmithD.James Fenimore Cooper2.The American Romantic Period lasted roughly from____to____.A.1798-1832B.1810-1860C.1860-1864D.1776-17833.How many syllables are there in this first line of Raven?(“Once upon a midnight dreary,while I pondered,weak and weary,”)A.11B.12C.13D.164.What dominated the Puritan phase of American writing?A.theologyB.literatureC.estheticsD.revolution5.At the initial period of the spread of ideas of the Enlightenment was largely due to ____.A.typographyB.journalismC.revolutionD.the development of paper-making industry6.Who has been called the“Father of American Literature”?A.Walt ScottB.Geoffrey ChaucerC.Washington IrvingD.Philip Freneau7.Who is the first American prose stylist that acquired international fame?A.Captain John SmithB.Washington IrvingC.Benjamin FranklinD.E.A.Poe8.Who is the writer of To a Waterfowl?A.Anne BradstreetB.Thomas HardyC.William Cullen BryantD.Walt Whitman9.Thomas Paine is a____?A.novelistB.dramatistC.poetD.pamphleteer10.Edgar Allan Poe mainly writes____A.short storiesB.literary critic theoriesC.poemsD.dramasII.Blank-Filling20’1.____’s reports of exploration,published in the early1600s,have been describedas the first distinctly American literature to be written in English.2.Hard work,____,piety,and____were the Puritan values that dominatedmuch of the earliest American writing,including the sermons,books and letters of such noted Puritan clergymen as John Cotton and Cotton Mather.3.Most Puritan verse was decidedly plodding,but the work of two writers,AnneBradstreet and Edward Taylor,rose to the level of____4.From1732to1785,Franklin wrote and published his famous____,an annualcollection of proverbs.5.On January10,1776,Paine’s famous pamphlet____appeared.It boldlyadvocated a“Declaration for Independence”,and brought the separatist agitation to a crisis.6.As a poet,____heralded American literary independence:his close observationof nature distinguished his treatment of indigenous wild life and other native American subjects.7.The attitudes of America’s writers were shaped by their____environment and anarray of ideas inherited from the____traditions of Europe.8.Romantic writers placed increasing value on the____expression of emotion anddisplayed increasing attention to the____states of their characters.9.Cooper launched two kinds of immensely popular stories:____and____.10.The central figure in Cooper’s Novels,____goes by various names ofLeatherstocking,Deerslyer,Pathfinder,and Hawkeye.III.Chinese Alternation of English Literary Terms10’1.Puritanism2.Romanticism3.Sketch Book4.Thanatopsis5.The Wild Honey SuckleIV.Give a brief comment on American Crisis.15’V.Answer the following questions.25’1.What does the word“Power”in To a Waterfowl refer to?5’2.What is your understanding on Helen in the poem To Helen?5’3.What is the tone of Thanatopsis?5’4.List some sound devices used in Raven10’VI.Translate this poem by E.Dickinson.20’There is no frigate like a bookTo take us lands away,Nor any horses like a pageOf prancing poetry.This traverse may the poorest take Without oppress of toll;How frugal is the chariotThat bears a human soul!。
南京师范大学英语语言文学专业的英美文学方向
南京师范大学英语语言文学专业的英美文学方向一、专业课我报考的是南京师范大学英语语言文学专业的英美文学方向，其专一:基础英语（150分）；专二:英美文学及中文写作（80+70分）。
1.基础英语大凡英语专业考研基本上都有这一门，而且这门一般不提供参考书目。
基础英语考的是基础，靠的是日积月累，所以没有必要固定一本参考书。
所谓的“黑猫白猫抓到老鼠的就的好猫”，目的只有一个，就是把成绩提高，具体怎么操作，因人而异。
首先，大家要有信心。
我只能算半个英语专业（关于这个请大家不要追问，与主题无关），我都可以做到108分，你们一定可以做得更好，因为你们的原始基础比我好得多，这点我有自知之明。
其次，关于难度和复习。
很多朋友发邮件或站内信息问我基础英语没指定教材怎么办？我就在这儿一并回答一下。
南师的基础英语难度基本上和专八相当。
南师近几年都考短文改错，客观阅读（选择题），主观阅读（问答题），翻译（中英、英中各一篇），写作（06年考了一小一大）。
A.改错和客观阅读都可以专八为纲；B.主观阅读嘛，我没有专门准备，因为我考的是文学方向，需要阅读作品，所以常常会思考问题，顺便就把这道省略了；C.南师翻译比专八略难，也可以说风格各异。
/viewthread ... page%3D1&page=1里的我们尊敬的学长“难忘夏天”曾给我们建议过两本书:“《汉英英汉美文翻译与写作》《散文佳作108篇》均为译林出版社，尤其后者很接近出题风格了，很值得一看！”我去年10月去南京那回顺便带了回来，两本书确实不错，其文风与有些历年考题很接近。
不过，惭愧的是我只看了几小段，书还是崭新，因为我专业书买的晚，时间都花文学上了。
但是，我强烈推荐这两本书。
D.写作。
今年写作第一题是写提纲（这题好象前几年没考过），由于考试时间紧张，我文章都没仔细读，就放眼一扫，把关键句子挑出来；第二题就是一篇材料作文了，南师最近每年都会从China Daily上选一段然后作为材料，所以平时大家也注意关注下China Daily，当然，一天都有几十几百篇新文章，碰着考题的几率基本上是零，大家此看的目的是熟悉下中国日报的文风和一些专门词汇，顺带训练泛读，而且了解国家大事，一箭三雕，何乐不为？E.三大纪律八项注意:）Practice makes perfect.光看没用，一定要多动手练习；平时练习时就要定时，因为考试题目分量很大，速度的培养需要从现在做起。
2003-2007年南师大英语语言学考试题目
2003年南师大英语语言学考试题目---初试一、单选题。
1.The scholars who put forward interaction hypothesis hold ________.A) language acquisition is a process of “stimulus-response”.B) humans are predisposed to acquire a language.C) human’s linguistic potentiality must be com bined with the environment.D) human’s linguistic environment can be ignored as long as humans have language acquisition device.2.American Black English is _______.A) a social variety B) a regional varietyC) a combination of social and regional dialect. D) a temporal dialect3.According to Basil Bernstein, elaborated code is extensively used by _________.A) middle class people and their children.B) working-class people and their children.C) both middle class and working class peopleD) parents of children without any distinction of social background.4. Read the following two sentences and decide what kind of error the learner commits in the second sentence:He practiced English a lot last month. (1)*She comed back home early yesterday. (2)The error in the second sentence belongs to the category of ___________.A) mother tongue interference B) overgeneralizationC) cross-association D) performance error5.In the Semantic Triangle advanced by Ogden and Richards, “thought or reference” is ______.A) word, sentence B) the object C) concept D) symbol6.The word “laze” is an example of _______ in word formation.A) acronym B) blending C) functional shift D) back formation7. Pragmatics is a study of ________.A) language learning B) language acquisitionC) language planning D) language in use8. A linguist is interested in _________.A) what is said B) what is right both in syntax and in semanticsC) what is grammatical D) what ought to be said9. In English elements in construction are generally _______.A) linear B) continuous C) discontinuous D) endocentric10. __________ is a sound produced by bringing the tip of the tongue into contact with the upper teeth to create the obstruction.A) An alveolar B) A bilabial C) A palatal D) A dental二、名词解释1.linguistic universalsnguage acquisition device:3.cultural diffusion4.suggestopedia:5.polysemy6.utterance meaning:7.coinage 8.articulatory phonetics:9.endocentric construction 10.structural change:三、判断1.According to Chomsky, the word “competence” is not limited to the ability of an ideal native speaker to construct and recognize grammatical sentences in his language.2.Eskimos have countless words for snow because snow is so common in their culture that they regard it far less important.3.Plato and Aristotle argued that the categories of thought determined the categories of language.4.Audiolingualism, contrary to American structuralism and behaviorist psychology, emphasizes the importance of regular patterns.5.People in the west tend to verbalize their gratitude and compliments less than Chinese speakers.6.It is unlikely that there is a prelinguistic stage when babies just babble.7.When varieties are classified in terms of use, they are called registers.8.From sociological view we can derive meaning from context.9.The relationship between “alligator” and “reptile” is homonymy.10.Denotation id the additional meaning than an expression carries whil e often shows people’s attitudes or emotions towards the subjects being talked about.11.Speech act theory was proposed by Austin and has been developed by Grice.12.A language is weakened when it borrows large numbers of words from other languages.13.Searle suggests 5 basic categories of illocutionary acts as follows: assertives, commissives, expressives, informatives and declarations.14.There is a single cause of language change.15.Morphology refers to the study of the internal structure of words, and the rules by which words are formed.16.Spoken utterances share some common linguistic features with written utterances.17.A small set of rules can generate an infinite number of sentences, all of which are idiomatic.18.IC analysis shows linear relationship, so it helps to account for the ambiguity of certain constructions.19.Linguists are interested in the sounds that convey meaning in human linguistic communication.20.Simply speaking, a morpheme can be defined as a minimal unit of meaning.四、问答1.Of all the theories you have learned on language acquisition, which one seems to you most reasonable? Why?2.Point out the marked differences between sociolinguistic study and traditional linguistic studies.3.How does the following exchange of conversation illustrate the Politeness Principle?A: We’ll miss Bill and Agatha, won’t you?B: Well, we’ll miss BILL.4.What is the distinction between sense and reference?5.How do you tell compounds from the noncompounded word sequence?6.What are the two criteria suggested by Chomsky for judging grammar?[ 本帖最后由虹影的小窝于2007-6-29 20:32 编辑]本帖地址：/thread-1943733-1-1.html 转载请注明本帖地址。
2021南京师范大学英语语言文学考研参考书真题经验
南京师范大学——英语语言文学我的考研分数的话，总体感觉专业课比较满意，法语比自己的预想低了不少。
说下本科的学校，我是一所很普通的二本师范院校学生，和大部分报考南师大的学生差不多。
在刚开始研究报考院校时也曾经纠结过，一方面很希望去南京也很希望就读师范类的学校，所以选择了南师大。
另一方面又听说报考南师大的学生众多，考录比稍高的年份能达到20多个才能考一个状况，因此又很是担心自己的水平，毕竟自己只打算一战，一战不行就去工作的。
所以心理压力开始比较大，在此我想首先告诉学弟学妹们，其实这种担心其实完全没有必要，大部分报考南师大的学生基本本科毕业院校和水平都和我们自己差不多，不要害怕，慢慢准备相信自己一定可以的。
先说专业课。
我报的是英语语言文学下面的英美文学方向。
可能更多的人报的是语言学，还有一些同学报的是翻译，这个方向选择的问题，大家最好还是根据自己的兴趣来，毕竟是要接着学很多年的东西，如果自己不喜欢，那么以后会很辛苦。
如果是从就业和念书的方面而言，另外两个方向我不了解，但对英美文学而言，一个教授告诉我，之所以现在选的人少于语言学主要两个原因，第一，语言学相对比文学招的稍微多一点，且全国目前带文学的硕导较少，相对而言人才较缺，就业方面语言学的市场也比文学相对饱和一些了。
文学可能更好就业。
当然这只是一家之言，大家勿喷仅供参考。
第二，因为语言学相对而言是一门科学，原理通了就通了，而更多的人认为文学要看的书太多，会背不完。
但在这里我要告诉大家，文学的水确实很深，但是对于考硕士而言，要掌握的内容只是很少的一部分，以文学简史为主，泛泛的名作赏析就足够了，而且每年南师就一本书，考的作家就上面三四十个，主要的就20个左右，绝对不会超纲，所以个人觉得比较好准备。
当然主要还是看自己的兴趣。
这门专业课考试分为两个部分，80分的文学题和70分的中文作文，都要求用汉语答题。
文学题认真吃透小红书上的主要作家，动手自己整理各个作家和主要作品的赏析，一定要写下来。
2018南京师范大学英语语言文学(英美文学方向)考研初试经验
2018南京师范大学英语语言文学（英美文学方向）考研初试经验2018年考研初试已经结束，心中思绪万千，一路走来前辈的经验令我收获颇丰，我也想把自己的一些心得分享给即将上战场的学弟学妹们。
我报考的是南师大英语语言专业英美文学方向，二外日语。
南师竞争力一直以来都很激烈，真题资料也难寻，专业课17年改了指导书目，由原来的吴祥林《英美文学选读》变成两本，吕洪灵《英国文学选读新编》程爱民《美国文学选读教程》英国与美国文学分开。
下面我分阶段来说：一，前期准备择校择专业这些勿需多言。
我想说的是专业兴趣。
文学方向考的很杂，范围广，其中需要在大量阅读文献资料后做总结，这其实是一个很单调的过程。
但如果你喜欢文学世界喜欢大师们笔下生花，喜欢去探讨文学内涵，这个过程就会变得享受。
在前期必须做的事就是去官网看招生简章。
你要知道考试考什么内容什么题型，以及对应的参考书目，并且列一个计划大纲。
做到有头绪有目标。
前期可以参考前辈们的经验来准备但我希望两个月内大家能找到适合自己的方法。
前人只能给你指路，怎么走还是要自己摸索实践。
很多人会问我参考书目，我会给一个list哈。
二，正式备考考试考四门，1.政治；2.二外；3.外国语言文学基础知识与汉语写作；4.英语文学基础知识与翻译。
1.政治政治跟着肖秀荣走准没错。
肖大的一套书籍包括知识精讲精练，讲真题，选择1000题，知识点提要，形势与政策，考点预测，肖八，肖四。
后期有风中劲草，及配套练习题，冲刺如果有时间可以练一练任汝芬蒋中挺的冲刺卷，当然还有历年真题。
视自己情况而定，不要盲目跟风刷题，重要的是掌握知识点学会套点答题。
肖大的书也有教你怎么复习政治的，所以不用担心。
关于政治报班，自己决定吧，我没有报感觉前期刷刷视频然后对着精讲精练来完全够。
如果自觉性不够政治基础差可以报一个冲刺班，我身边的研友报班的不多。
政治得分关键在选择题，的选择题者得天下。
大题会有技巧你做的题目多了自然会套用万能句型啦。
2003年南师大英语语言学考试题目
2003年南师大英语语言学考试题目---复试一、判断Passage one:The study of how we do things with sentence is the study of speech acts. In studying speech acts, we are acutely aware of the importance of the context of utterance. In some circumstances There is a sheepdog in the closet is a warning, but the same sentence may be a promise or even a mere statement of fact, depending on circumstances. We call this purpose----a warning, a promise, a threat, or whatever----the illocutionary force of a speech act.Speech act theory aims to tell us when we appear to ask questions but are really giving orders, or when we say one thing with special (sarcastic) intonation and mean the opposite. Thus, at a dinner table, the question Can you pass the salt? means the order Pass the salt! It is not a request for information, and yes is an inappropriate response.1.Illocutionary acts are special case of speech acts, referring to the speaker’s intention in uttering something.2.Because the illocutionary force of a speech act depends on the context of the utterance, speech act theory is a part of pragmatics.3.In most cases, the illocutionary force of “Look out!” is a suggestion.4.The speech act theory originated with the British philosophy John Austin in the late 70’s.5.Billy and Joe were long-time pals. One time Billy was in desperate need of money. His car had broken down and he needed $300 to fix it. So, he asked Joe for a load. Joe said he could lend Billy the money. This made Billy happy and he said to Joe;(a) “You are a terrible frie nd.”It is non-sarcastic answer.(b) “You are a fine friend.”It is a sarcastic one.Passage twoInflectional is a term used in Morphology to refer to one of the two main categories or processes of sword formation, the other being derivational. These terms also apply to the two types of affix involved in word formation. Inflectional affixes signal grammatical relationships, such as plural, past tense and possession, and do not change the grammatical class of the stems t which they are attached; that is, the words constitute a single paradigm, e.g. walk, walks,walked. A word is said to “inflect for” past tense, plural, etc. In traditional (pre-linguistic) grammatical studies, the term “accidence” was used in this sense.In the phrase inflecting langu age (“inflectional” or “inflected” language), the term refers to a type of language established by comparative linguistics using structural (as opposed to diachronic) criteria, and focusing on the characteristics of the word. In this kind of language, words display grammatical relationships morphologically: they typically contain more than one morpheme but, unlike agglutinative languages, there is no one-to-one correspondence between these morphemes and the linear sequence of morphs. In languages such as Latin, Greek, Arabic etc. the inflectional forms of words may represent several morphological oppositions, e.g. in Latin amo(I love), the form simultaneously represents present tense, active, first person singular, indicative. This “fusing” of properties has led to such languages being called fusional and had motivated the word-and-a model of analysis. As always in such classifications, the categories are not clear-cut: different languages will display the characteristic of inflection to a greater or lesser degree.1.A language in which nouns have inflectional properties is an inflectional language.2.The affix “un-” or “dis-” is an inflectional affix.3.The agglutinative language is a language that typically expresses concepts in complex words consisting of many elements, rather than by inflection or by using isolated elements.4.Many English adjectives have inflectional properties.5.The Chinese language is an agglutinative language.Passage threeEach tongue draws a circle about the people whom it belongs, and it is possible to leave this circle only by simultaneously entering that of another people. Learning a foreign language ought hence to be the conquest of a new standpoint in the previously prevailing cosmic attitude of the individual. In fact, it is so to a certain extent, inasmuch as every language contains the entire fabric of concepts and the conceptual approach of a portion of humanity. But this achievement is not complete, because one always carries over into a foreign tongue to a greater or les ser degree one’s own cosmic viewpoint—indeed one’s personal linguistic pattern.(von Humboldt [1836]1971:39-40)1.This passage mainly discusses the relationship between one’s personal linguistic pattern and a foreign language.2.According to the author of this passage, language is a powerful instrument that allows us to make sense of the world.3.This passage reveals the fact that one’s own cosmic viewpoint determines linguistic orientation.4.The author of this passage seems to believe that language and the world outlook are two sides of the coin.5.The author of this passage seems to advocate that one’s language presupposes one’s way of thinking.二、问答1.Give examples to illustrate several different approaches to meaning.2.Why do we need two principles of conversation, i.e. the cooperative principle and the politeness principle?3.What does it mean that a linguist is interested in what is said, not what he thinks ought to be said?4.What is the advantage of IC analys is? Take “Drive the car near the station” as an example.5.Describe briefly the social differences in the use of language among speakers of the Chinese language.三、评论State clearly the interrelationship between language and cognition, giving theoretical analysis as well as empirical illustration.。
英美文学考研题库和答案详解
英美文学考研题库和答案详解下列哪一部作品不是由英国作家莎士比亚所著？答案：D.《白鲸》是由美国作家赫尔曼·梅尔维尔所著。
答案：A.欧内斯特·海明威凭借其作品《老人与海》、《战地春梦》等获得了诺贝尔文学奖。
答案：B.《红与黑》是批判现实主义文学作品。
答案：英国文艺复兴时期的文学作品表现出对人文主义的强烈追求，个体的内心世界和人类命运，作品主题多样，涵盖爱情、友谊、家庭、社会矛盾等。
作品形式多样，包括戏剧、诗歌、散文等。
代表作家包括莎士比亚、培根等。
答案：美国现代主义文学强调个体内心的表达，人类的困境和困惑。
作品形式创新，常常采用象征、隐喻、意识流等手法。
主题包括孤独、迷茫、自我等。
代表作家包括庞德、艾略特、福克纳等。
请论述英国浪漫主义诗歌的主要代表人物及作品，并阐述其艺术特色。
答案：英国浪漫主义诗歌的主要代表人物有华兹华斯、柯勒律治和拜伦。
华兹华斯的《抒情歌谣集》表现了他对自然的热爱和对人类情感的理解；柯勒律治的《古舟子咏》讲述了一个海上漂流的故事，揭示了人类的罪恶和苦难；拜伦的《恰尔德·哈罗尔德游记》和《唐璜》则以豪放的激情和鲜明的个性，表现了诗人的反抗精神和积极进取的精神。
这些诗人的作品都展现了浪漫主义诗歌的艺术特色：以自然为题材，赞美自然，抒发个人情感，人类命运，反对封建制度等。
请阐述美国现实主义文学的主要特点和代表作家。
答案：美国现实主义文学的主要特点是对社会现实的客观描述和批判，社会问题和社会底层人民的命运。
代表作家包括马克·吐温、亨利·詹姆斯、欧内斯特·海明威等。
马克·吐温的《汤姆·索亚历险记》、《哈克贝里·芬历险记》等作品以幽默讽刺的手法揭示了社会的黑暗面；亨利·詹姆斯的《贵妇人的画像》、《螺丝在拧紧》等作品则深入探讨了人的内心世界和人际关系的复杂性；欧内斯特·海明威的《太阳照常升起》、《老人与海》等作品以简洁明快的语言和客观写实的手法表现了战争的残酷和人类的勇气与尊严。
2019年江苏南京师范大学外国语言文学基础知识与汉语写作考研真题
2019年江苏南京师范大学外国语言文学基础知识与汉语写作考研真题一、选择题：（2×5=10分）1.关于语言符号的任意性，下列说法不正确的一项是___。
A.复合符号原则上不是任意的，是有理据的；B.正是由于语言符号的任意性，语言是可变的；C.最基本的单纯初始符号都是任意的；D.任意性是指一个符号先由某一个群体约定，继而向周围扩散推广；2.不属于人类语言符号和其他动物“语言”根本区别的描述是___。
A.音义结合的任意性；B.线条性；C.不受时间、地理环境的限制；D.创造性、开放性，表义的无限性；3.亚里斯多德的___是西方第一部系统的文艺理论著作，它提出了文艺模仿生活的理论，肯定了模仿现实的艺术的社会价值和作用，并提出了艺术作品构成的整一性原则以及初步的文艺分类的理论。
A.《诗的艺术》B.《诗学》C.《诗艺》D.《论文学》4.1971年诺贝尔文学奖得主，著名诗人巴勃罗·聂鲁达的国籍是___。
A.墨西哥B.阿根廷C.智利D.古巴5.____是索尔仁尼琴的轰动性作品，小说的题目取自但丁的《神曲》。
A.《古拉格群岛》B.《红轮》C.《第一圈》D.《伊万·杰尼索维奇的一天》二、名词解释：（5×4=20分）1.复调小说2.能指和所指3.叙述视角4.互文性三、简答题：（10×3=30分）1.举例说明语言系统的组合关系与聚合关系。
2.简述村上春树的创作特色。
3.请根据你的语言学知识积累，尝试给“语篇”（text）下一个定义。
四、汉语写作（90分）唐诗曰：“一叶落知天下秋。
”宋诗云：“春色满园关不住，一枝红杏出墙来。
”一叶飘落而知秋，一叶勃发而见春。
寻常细微之物常常是大千世界的缩影，无限往往收藏于有限中。
请以"一枝一叶一世界“为话题，自拟标题写一篇文章。
要求：①所写内容必须在话题范围之内。
②立意自定，角度自选。
③除诗歌外，文体不限。
④不少于1000字。
2000-2012南京师范大学考研试题(外国文学史)
2000年外国文学史（欧美部分）一、简要回答下列问题（40分）1维吉尔的《埃涅阿斯纪》在哪些方面模仿荷马史诗？2简述堂吉坷德与桑丘·潘沙这两个形象之间的关系。
3简述魏玛古典主义的基本观点。
标志着歌德从“狂飙突进”转变到“古典主义”的是他的哪部作品？4简述俄国文学中描写“小人物”的传统。
5简述法国自然主义文学的先驱人物的主要艺术观点。
简述法国自然主义文学理论的主要阐述者关于自然主义文学的主要观点。
6解释“魔幻现实主义”。
二、论述题（60分）1试论英国现实主义小说的发展历史。
2试分析屠格涅夫的《父与子》中巴扎洛夫的形象。
3斯丹达尔的小说创作的基本主题是什么？试以他的二，三部作品为例来进行论述。
4下面这两首诗属于什么诗歌流派（文学流派）？试以这两首诗为材料，分析这个诗歌流派的艺术特点。
母音黑A，白E，红I，绿U，蓝O，母音们，我几天也说不完你们神秘的出身；A是围绕着恶臭的垃圾嗡嗡叫的苍蝇身上的黑绒绒的紧身衣。
E是蒸汽和帐篷的洁白，高傲的冰峰，白色的光线，伞行花微微的振动；I是咳出的鲜红的红，怒火中烧或深深忏悔时美丽双唇的笑。
U是涟漪，绿海的神奇的颤动，放牧牛羊的草原的宁静，炼金术学者额上的皱纹和安详；O是号角的刺耳的奇怪的响声，被天体和天使们划破的寂静，她眼睛里发出的紫色的柔光！豹————在巴黎植物园它的目光被那走不完的铁栏缠得这般疲倦。
什么也不能收留。
它好象只有千条的铁栏杆。
千条的铁栏后便没有宇宙。
强韧的脚步迈着柔软的步容。
步容在这极小的圈中旋转，仿佛力之舞围绕着一个中心，在中心一个伟大的意志昏眩。
只有时眼帘无声地撩起。
——于是有一幅图象浸入，通过四肢紧张的静寂在心中化为乌有。
2001年外国文学史（欧美部分）一、解释或简答（40分）1荒诞派戏剧2德国“古典”主义3 “人物再现”法4 “迷惘的一代”5《红字》6《尤利西斯》中并没有尤利西斯这个人物，作品为何取此名？二、论述题（60分）1试论18世纪欧洲文学对19世纪浪漫主义和现实主义两大文学思潮的影响。
2003年南京师范大学比较文学与世界文学考研初试试题
2003年南京师范大学比较文学与世界文学考研初试试题科目比较文学基础一,名词解释(5X2=10分)1 教堂山会议2 母题二,问答题(12X5=60分)1,怎样理解比较文学不是文学比较?2,试述阐发研究与阐释学的相同与相异。
3,从“媒介学”的角度,谈谈林译小说对中国现代文学所起的作用和贡献。
4,试以“文学和心理学”为例,谈谈你对比较文学中“跨学科研究“的认识。
三,论述题(20分)试述二十世纪中外文学关系的基本发展走向及主要特点。
2004年南京师范大学比较文学与世界文学考研初试试题科目比较文学基础一名词解释(5X8=40分)1 “模子”理论2 巴罗克3 基亚4 “总体文学”5 “美国学派”二问答题(60分)1,试述“比较视域”所包含的基本学术要素及其定义。
2,试述“影响研究”与“接受研究”的同异。
3,“五四”前后中国比较文学的发展有哪些主要特点。
4,试述“阐发研究”的基本理论要素及其形成过程。
三论述题(50分)1,试用比较文学形象学的反复法选择合适的作品及形象,进行依次具体的分析论述。
2,如何理解比较文学是一种跨民族,跨语言,跨文化,跨学科的文学研究?2005年南京师范大学比较文学与世界文学考研初试试题科目比较文学基础一、名词解释:1 “直线式渊源”2 “回返影响”3 卡雷,格林兄弟二、简答题:1,影响研究与平行研究的相同、相异。
2,谈谈比较文学的文学性。
3,20世纪下半以来,比较文学面对了哪些挑战和机遇?三、论述题:1,谈谈比较文学的前景?2,从跨学科研究的角度,谈谈文学与自然科学的关系。
南京某知名高校保送研究生考试复(2007-05-22 09:38:41)1,结合一部你喜欢的欧美文学名著,谈一谈它的艺术特点。
2,谈一谈古希腊悲剧的成就。
3,谈一谈十九世纪欧美文学的流派和分期,以及特点。
4,谈一谈南开版朱维之编著的文学史的优劣。
5,谈一谈陀思妥耶夫斯基和列夫托尔斯泰作品中心理描写手法的不同。
6,谈一谈比较文学与世界文学的关系。