八年级八期末辅导卷(01)

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人教版八年级生物上学期试题 期末测试卷01(含解析)

人教版八年级生物上学期试题 期末测试卷01(含解析)

人教版八年级生物上学期试题期末测试卷01(含解析)(时间:90分钟,满分:100分)班级_______________姓名________________学号________________分数____________一、选择题(每题2分,共25题,总分50分)1.下列动物属于环节动物的是()①蚯蚓②蛭③海马④沙蚕A. ①②③B. ②③④C. ①③④D. ①②④2.节肢动物和环节动物的共同特征是()A. 身体和附肢都分节B. 身体由许多体节构成C. 具有外骨骼D. 用刚毛辅助运动3.成语“金蝉脱壳”中的“壳”指的是()A.角质层B.细胞壁C.外套膜D.外骨骼4.将鲫鱼从水池中取出,不久活鲫鱼便会死亡。

这是因为鲫鱼的呼吸器官是()A.肺B.鳃C.口D.鳔5.俗话说“蛙满塘,谷满仓”,青蛙是“田园卫士”。

青蛙既能在水中生活,又能在陆地生活的主要原因是()A.青蛙体表无覆盖物,失水较快B.青蛙的呼吸依赖肺和皮肤两种器官C.在水中或陆地都没有足够的食物D.身体散热差,不能长时间留在水中6.活鲫鱼的鳃丝颜色鲜红的原因是鳃丝的()A. 毛细血管丰富B. 静脉血管丰富C. 大的血管丰富D. 动脉血管丰富7.爬行动物比两栖动物更适应陆地生活的原因是()①体表覆盖角质鳞片或甲②完全用肺呼吸③生殖和发育离开了水④卵表面有坚韧的卵壳⑤皮肤裸露A.①②⑤B.①②③C.①③④D.①②③④8.“鸟的全身都为飞行而设计”与鸟类飞行生活相适应的特点是()①前肢变成翼②长骨中空③胸肌发达④体温恒定⑤有气囊⑥有复杂的繁殖行为A.①②③⑤B.①②③④C.①③⑤⑥D.②③④⑤9.金鱼和麻雀的主要运动方式分别是()A. 奔跑、蠕动B. 攀援、行走C. 爬行、跳跃D. 游泳、飞行10.关节的基本结构包括()A.关节面、关节囊、关节软骨B.关节面、关节腔、关节软骨C.关节面、关节囊、关节腔 D.关节头、关节窝、关节软骨11.下列有关动物行为的叙述,错误的是()A.先天性行为是学习行为的基础B.学习行为越复杂,适应环境的能力越强C.学习行为一旦形成,就不会改变 D.一般来说,动物越高等,学习能力越强12.以下关于社会行为的说法错误的是()A.社会行为有利于动物的生存和繁殖B.营社会生活的动物样体内的成员有明确的分工C.群体中的成员互相依赖,往往不能脱离群体单独生存D.乌鸦聚众鸣叫属于社会行为13.群体中的信息交流,对动物生存的意义是( )A. 有利于集体觅食B. 有利于集体御敌C. 有利于种族繁衍D. 有利于集体觅食、御敌和繁衍后代14.人们研究生物体的结构和功能工作原理,研制了适用于生产、生活的先进技术叫仿生学。

2020-2021学年第一学期八年级物理期末试卷(1)

2020-2021学年第一学期八年级物理期末试卷(1)

洛阳市2020—2021学年第一学期期末考试八年级物理试卷一、填空题1.在物理学习中我们认识了很多物理量和它们的国际单位,请仿照示例填写。

在国际单位制中速度的基本单位是m/s;________的基本单位是________。

2.教室内张贴有如图1所示的标志,倡导同学们不要大声喧哗。

“喧哗”是声带_____发出声音的;从声音的特性分析,“大声喧哗”是指声音的______大;从控制噪声的途径分析,这是从______处减弱噪声。

3.如图2所示,在测平均速度的实验中,斜面应保持很小的坡度,这样设计是为了便于测量________。

实验中,小车从斜面顶端自由滑到底部的过程中,上半程的平均速度________(选填“大于”、“小于”或“等于”)全程的平均速度。

4.如图3所示,在洛阳举办的2020央视中秋晚会呈现了一场绚丽的烟花盛宴,小亮在家里的窗台上观看远处的烟花,他会先________________(选填“听到响声”或“看到烟花”),这是因为________________________________。

5.冬天,对着手吹气感到冷;对着手呵气,会感到湿润,觉得暖和。

这是由于吹气加快了皮肤表面水分的_________(填写物态变化名称),需要_________(选填“吸收”或“放出”)热量;呵出的水蒸气遇到冷的手发生_______(填写物态变化名称),会______(选填“吸收”或“放出”)热量。

6.2020年6月21日,洛阳上空出现日偏食天文奇观。

日偏食是由于光的________形成的。

小刚用盆装上稀释后的墨水,从盆中水面观察到了如图4所示的像,该像是由光的________形成的太阳的________(选填“实”或“虚”像);这个像比太阳暗很多,是由于阳光有一部分发生________进入水中。

7.如图5所示,在玻璃杯后适当位置放一张白纸,向杯子中倒入水后,可观察到左右两侧“黑白颠倒”的现象,这是由于倒入水后杯子相当于________镜。

专题01 等腰与直角三角形(解析版)八年级数学下册期末综合复习专题提优训练(北师大版)

专题01 等腰与直角三角形(解析版)八年级数学下册期末综合复习专题提优训练(北师大版)

2020-2021学年八年级数学下册期末综合复习专题提优训练(北师大版)专题01 等腰与直角三角形【典型例题】1.如图,以△ABC 的两边AB 和AC 为腰在△ABC 外部作等腰Rt △ABD 和等腰Rt △ACE ,AB =AD ,AC =AE ,△BAD =△CAE =90°.(1)连接BE 、CD 交于点F ,如图①,求证:BE =CD ,BE △CD ;(2)连接DE ,AM △BC 于点M ,直线AM 交DE 于点N ,如图②,求证:DN =EN .【答案】(1)见详解;(2)见详解.【分析】(1)只要证明△ABE △△ADC 即可解决问题;(2)延长AN 到G ,使AG =BC ,连接GE ,先证AEG CAB △≌△,再证GE ADN N △≌△即可解决问题.【详解】(1)证明:△△ABD 和△ACE 都是等腰直角三角形,△AB =AD ,AE =AC ,又△△BAD =△CAE =90°,△△BAD +△DAE =△CAE +△DAE ,即△BAE =△DAC ,△△ABE △△ADC ,△BE =DC ,△ABE =△ADC ,又△△DOF =△AOB ,△BOA +△ABE =90°,△△ABE +△DOF =90°△△ADC +△DOF =90,即BE △DC .(2)延长AN 到G 使AG =BC ,连接GE ,AM BC ⊥,AC 90MAC M ∴∠+∠=︒,90NAE MAC ∠+∠=︒,ACM=NAE ∴∠∠,同理可证:ABC DAN ∠=∠ AC=AE ,△()AEG CAB SAS △≌△,GE AB AD ∴==,ABC G ∠=∠,DAN G ∴∠=∠,又NA=GNE D ∠∠,△GE ADN N △≌△,DN=EN ∴.【点睛】此题考查了全等三角形的判定与性质,等腰三角形的性质,直角三角形的性质,辅助线是解此题的关键.【专题训练】一、选择题1.如图,在△ABC 中,△A =45°,△B =60°,点D 在边AB 上,且BD =BC ,连接CD ,则△ACD 的大小为( )A .30°B .25°C .15°D .10°【答案】C【分析】 先根据三角形的内角和定理可得75ACB ∠=︒,再根据等腰三角形的性质、三角形的内角和定理可得60BCD ∠=︒,然后根据角的和差即可得.【详解】解:△在ABC 中,45,60A B ∠=︒∠=︒,△18075ACB A B ∠=︒-∠-∠=︒,△BD BC =, △1(180)602BCD BDC B ∠=∠=︒-∠=︒, △756015ACD ACB BCD ∠=∠-∠=︒-︒=︒,故选:C .【点睛】本题考查了等腰三角形的性质、三角形的内角和定理等知识点,熟练掌握等腰三角形的性质是解题关键. 2.已知等腰三角形的一边长5cm ,另一边长10cm ,则它的周长是( )A .20cmB .25cmC .20cm 或25cmD .无法确定【答案】B【分析】题目给出等腰三角形有两条边长为5cm 和10cm ,而没有明确腰、底分别是多少,所以要进行讨论,还要应用三角形的三边关系验证能否组成三角形.【详解】解:分两种情况:当腰为5时,5+5=10,所以不能构成三角形;当腰为10时,5+10>10,所以能构成三角形,周长是:10+10+5=25cm .故选:B .【点睛】本题考查了等腰三角形的性质和三角形的三边关系;已知没有明确腰和底边的题目一定要想到两种情况,分类进行讨论,还应验证各种情况是否能构成三角形进行解答,这点非常重要,也是解题的关键. 3.如图,延长矩形ABCD 的边BC 至点E ,使CE =CA ,连接AE ,如果△ACB =38°,则△E 的值是( )A .18°B .19°C .20°D .40°【答案】B【分析】 先根据等腰三角形的性质可得E CAE ∠=∠,再根据三角形的外角性质可求解.【详解】解:△CE CA =,△E CAE ∠=∠,△2ACB E CAE E ∠=∠+∠=∠, △11381922E ACB ∠=∠=⨯︒=︒, 故选:B .【点睛】本题考查了等腰三角形的性质、三角形的外角性质,熟练掌握等腰三角形的性质是解题关键.4.如图,AD 是等边ABC 的中线,点E 在AC 上,AE AD =,则EDC ∠的度数为( )A .30B .20︒C .25︒D .15︒【答案】D【分析】 由等边三角形三线合一即可求出30DAC ∠=︒,90ADC ∠=︒.再由等腰三角形的性质可求出75ADE ∠=︒,最后即可求出15EDC ∠=︒.【详解】△ABC 是等边三角形,且AD 为中线. △1302DAC BAC ∠=∠=︒,90ADC ∠=︒, △AE AD =, △11(180)(18030)7522ADE AED DAC ∠=∠=︒-∠=︒-︒=︒, △907515EDC ADC ADE ∠=∠-∠=︒-︒=︒.故选:D .【点睛】本题考查等边三角形和等腰三角形的性质.掌握等边三角形三线合一是解答本题的关键.5.如图,在Rt △ACB 中,△BAC =90°,AD △BC ,垂足为D ,△ABD 与△ADB ’关于直线AD 对称,点B 的对称点是点B ’,若△B ’AC =14°,则△B 的度数为 ( )A .38°B .48°C .50°D .52°【答案】D【分析】 由对称的性质得=BAD B AD '∠∠,根据△BAC =90°可得38BAD ∠=︒,再根据直角三角形两锐角关系求解即可.【详解】解:△△ABD 与△ADB ’关于直线AD 对称,△=BAD B AD '∠∠△△BAC =90°,△B ’AC =14°△90BAD B AD B AC ∠+∠+'∠='︒△38BAD ∠=︒△903852B ∠=︒-︒=︒故选D .【点睛】本题考查了轴对称的性质以及直角三角形两锐角关系,掌握轴对称的性质是本题的关键.6.如图,ABC 面积为9,BP 平分ABC ∠,AP BP ⊥于点P ,连结CP ,则BPC △的面积为( )A .5B .4.5C .4D .3.5【答案】B【分析】 延长AP 交BC 于E ,根据已知条件证得△ABP △△EBP ,根据全等三角形的性质得到AP =PE ,得出S △ABP =S △EBP ,S △ACP =S △ECP ,推出S △PBC =12S △ABC . 【详解】 解:延长AP 交BC 于E ,△BP 平分△ABC ,△△ABP =△EBP ,△AP △BP ,△△APB =△EPB =90°,在△ABP 和△EBP 中,ABP EBP BP BPAPB EPB ∠=∠⎧⎪=⎨⎪∠=∠⎩, △△ABP △△EBP (ASA ),△AP =PE ,△S △ABP =S △EBP ,S △ACP =S △ECP ,△S △PBC =12S △ABC =12×9=4.5, 故选:B .【点睛】本题考查了等腰三角形的判定与性质,三角形的面积,主要利用了等底等高的三角形的面积相等,作辅助线构造出等腰三角形是解题的关键.二、填空题7.如图,AB //CD ,△D =60°,FB =FE ,则△E =_____°.【答案】30.【分析】根据平行线的性质,可以得到△EF A的度数,然后根据等腰三角形的性质和三角形外角和不相邻内角的关系,可以求得△E的度数.【详解】解:△AB△CD,△△EF A=△D,△△D=60°,△△EF A=60°,△FB=FE,△△E=△B,△△EF A=△E+△B,△△E=30°,故答案为:30.【点睛】本题考查平行线的性质、等腰三角形的性质、三角形内角和不相邻内角的关系,解答本题的关键是明确题意,利用数形结合的思想解答.8.如图,在△ABC中,△B = 90°,AB = BD,△C=20°.则△CAD的度数__________.【答案】25°【分析】根据等腰三角形的性质可得到两组相等的角,求出△BDA,再根据三角形外角的性质即可得到△BDA与△CAD 的关系,从而不难求解.【详解】解:△△ABC中,△B=90°,AB=BD,△△BAD=△ADB=45°,又△C+△CAD=△ADB,△△C=20°,△△CAD=△ADB-△C=25°;【点睛】此题主要考查等腰三角形的性质及三角形的外角性质的综合运用.解题的关键是熟练掌握等腰三角形的性质.9.等腰三角形一腰上的高与另一腰的夹角为30度,则它的底角的度数为_______【答案】30°或60°【分析】由于此高不能确定是在三角形的内部,还是在三角形的外部,所以要分锐角三角形和钝角三角形两种情况求解.【详解】解:分两种情况:①如图,AB=AC,BD△AC,△ABD=30°,△△A=60°,△△C=△ABC=12(180°-△A)=60°;②如图,AB=AC,BD△AC,△ABD=30°,△△DAB=60°,△BAC=120°,△△C=△ABC=12(180°-△BAC)=30°.故答案为:30°或60°.【点睛】本题考查了等腰三角形的性质和直角三角形的性质.解决问题的关键是根据已知画出图形并注意要分类讨论.10.“三等分角”大约是在公元前五世纪由古希腊人提出来的,借助如图所示的“三等分角仪”能三等分任一角.这个三等分角仪由两根有槽的棒OA 、OB 组成.两根棒在O 点相连并可绕O 转动,C 点固定,OC =CD =DE ,点D ,E 在槽中滑动,若△BDE =84°.则△CDE 是_________ °.【答案】68【分析】根据OC =CD =DE ,可得△O =△ODC ,△DCE =△DEC ,根据三角形的外角性质可知△DCE =△O +△ODC =2△ODC ,进一步根据三角形的外角性质可知△BDE =3△ODC =84°,即可求出△ODC 的度数,进而求出△CDE 的度数.【详解】解:△OC =CD =DE ,△△O =△ODC ,△DCE =△DEC ,△△DCE =△O +△ODC =2△ODC ,△△O +△OED =3△ODC =△BDE =84°,△△ODC =28°,△△CDE +△ODC =180°−△BDE =96°,△△CDE =96°−△ODC =68°.故答案为:68.【点睛】本题主要考查了等腰三角形的性质以及三角形的外角性质,理清各个角之间的关系是解答本题的关键. 11.如图,60BOC ∠=︒,点A 是BO 延长线上的一点,10cm OA =,动点P 从点A 出发沿AB 以3cm/s 的速度移动,动点Q 从点O 出发沿OC 以1cm/s 的速度移动,如果点P Q ,同时出发,用(s)t 表示移动的时间,当t =_________s 时,POQ △是等腰三角形;当t =_________s 时,POQ △是直角三角形.【答案】52或5 4或10 【分析】 根据POQ ∆是等腰三角形,分两种情况进行讨论:点P 在AO 上,或点P 在BO 上;根据POQ ∆是直角三角形,分两种情况进行讨论:PQ AB ⊥,或PQ OC ⊥,据此进行计算即可.【详解】解:如图,当PO QO =时,POQ ∆是等腰三角形,103PO AO AP t =-=-,OQ t =,∴当PO QO =时,103t t -=, 解得52t =; 如图,当PO QO =时,POQ ∆是等腰三角形,310PO AP AO t =-=-,OQ t =,∴当PO QO =时,310t t -=,解得5t =;如图,当PQ AB ⊥时,POQ ∆是直角三角形,且2QO OP =,310PO AP AO t =-=-,OQ t =,∴当2QO OP =时,2(310)t t =⨯-,解得4t =;如图,当PQ OC ⊥时,POQ ∆是直角三角形,且2QO OP =,310PO AP AO t =-=-,OQ t =,∴当2QO OP =时,2310t t =-,解得:t =10. 故答案为:52或5;4或10. 【点睛】本题主要考查了等腰三角形的性质以及直角三角形的性质,解决问题的关键是进行分类讨论,分类时注意不能遗漏,也不能重复.12.在ABC 中,4AC =,2BC =,AB =以AB 为边在ABC 外作等腰直角ABD △,连结CD ,则CD =__________.【答案】或【分析】本题需要分三种情况讨论,分别为①AB =BD 时,②AB =AD ,③AD =BD ,再根据勾股定理分别计算出CD 的值即可.【详解】△AC =4,BC =2,AB =△222AC BC AB +=,△△ABC 为直角三角形,△C =90°,(1)当AB =BD 时,过D 点作BC 的垂线交BC 的延长线于E ,如图△△CAB +△ABC =90°,△ABC +△DBE =90°,△△CAB =△DBE ,在△BED 和△ACB 中,BED ACB EBD CAB BD AB ∠=∠⎧⎪∠=∠⎨⎪=⎩,△△BED △△ACB (AAS ),△BE =AC =4,DE =BC =2,△CD(2)当AB =AD 时,过点D 作AC 的垂线,交CA 延长线于E ,如图,△△CAB +△ABC =90°,△BAC +△DAE =90°,△△ABC =△DAE ,在△DEA 和△ACB 中,B DEA ACB DAE ABC AD A ∠=∠⎧⎪∠=∠⎨⎪=⎩,△△DEA △△ACB (AAS ),△DE =AC =4,AE =BC =2,△CD(3)当AD =BD 时,过D 点作AC 、AB 的垂线,分别交AC 和CB 的延长线于E 、F ,如图△△ADE +△ABC =90°,△BDF +△BDE =90°,△△ADC =△BDF ,在△ADE 和△BDF 中,B F AED ADE BDF AD D ∠=∠⎧⎪∠=∠⎨⎪=⎩,△△ADE △△BDF (AAS ),△AE =BF ,△AC +BC =AE +CE +CF -BF =2CE ,△CE =3,△CD=故答案为:或【点睛】本题考查了勾股定理,熟悉在任何一个直角三角形中,两直角边长的平方之和等于斜边长的平方是解答此题的关键.三、解答题13.如图,点C 、F 、E 、B 在同一直线上,点A 、D 分别在BC 两侧,AB △CD ,BE =CF ,△A =△D . (1)求证:AB =DC ;(2)若AB =CE ,△B =30°,求△D 的度数.【答案】(1)见解析;(2)75°.【分析】(1)由两直线平行,内错角相等得到△B =△C ,继而证明△ABF △△CDE (AAS ),据此解题;(2)由(1)△ABF △△CDE 得,AB =CD ,BF =CE ,证明△ABF 是等腰三角形,再根据三角形内角和180°解题.【详解】证明:(1)△//AB CD ,△△B =△C ,△BE =CF ,△BF CE =,在△ABF 和△CDE 中,A DBC BF CE ∠=∠⎧⎪∠=∠⎨⎪=⎩,△△ABF △△CDE (AAS ),△AB =CD ;(2)△△ABF △△CDE ,△AB =CD ,BF =CE ,△AB =CE ,△B =30°,△AB =BF ,△△A =△AFB ,△△ABF 是等腰三角形,△△A =()1801180307522B ︒-∠=︒-︒=︒, △△D =△A =75°.【点睛】本题考查平行线的性质、全等三角形的判定与性质、等腰三角形的判定与性质、三角形内角和的应用等知识,是重要考点,难度较易,掌握相关知识是解题关键.14.如图,在△ABC 中,BA =BC ,AD 平分△BAC ,点E 为AD 延长线上一点,过点E 作EF //AC 交BC 于点F ,连接AF .(1)若AD =DE ,求证:CD =DF ;(2)若△ABC =△EAF =20°,求△AFE 的度数.【答案】(1)见解析;(2)120°.【分析】(1)由“AAS ”可证△ADC △△EDF ,可得CD =DF ;(2)由等腰三角形的性质可得△BAC =△BCA =80°,由平行线的性质可得△E =△EAC =40°,由三角形内角和定理可求△AFE 的度数.【详解】(1)证明:△EF △AC ,△△C =△EFD .又△△ADC =△EDF ,AD =ED ,△△ADC △△EDF (AAS ).(2)解:△AB =BC ,△ABC =20°,△△BAC =△BCA =180202︒-︒ =80°. △AD 平分△BAC , △△BAD =△DAC =12△BAC = 40°. △EF △AC ,△△E =△EAC =40°.△△AFE =180°-△EAF -△E =180°-20°-40°=120°.【点睛】本题考查了全等三角形的判定与性质、平行线的性质、等腰三角形的性质等知识点,熟练掌握全等三角形的判定与性质和等腰三角形的性质是解题的关键.15.如图,点 B 、F 、C 、E 在同一直线上,AC 、DF 相交于点G ,AB △BE ,垂足为B ,DE △BE ,垂足为E ,且 AB =DE ,BF =CE .(1)求证:AG =DG ;(2)若△A =65°,求△AGF 的度数.【答案】(1)见详解;(2)△AGF =50°【分析】(1)由题意易得BC =EF ,然后可证ABC DEF △≌△,进而可得ACB DFE ∠=∠,则问题可证; (2)由题意易得△ACB =25°,然后根据三角形外角的性质可求解.【详解】解:(1)△AB △BE ,DE △BE ,△90B E ∠=∠=︒,△BF =CE ,△BF FC CE FC +=+,即BC EF =,△ABC DEF △≌△(SAS ),△ACB DFE ∠=∠,AC DF =,△CG GF =,△AG DG =;(2)由(2)得:ACB DFE ∠=∠,90B E ∠=∠=︒,△△A =65°,△△ACB =△DFE =25°,△50AGF ∠︒=.【点睛】本题主要考查全等三角形的性质与判定及直角三角形的性质,熟练掌握全等三角形的性质与判定及直角三角形的性质是解题的关键.16.如图,四边形ABCD 中,AB =AC =AD ,AC 平分△BAD ,E 是对角线AC 上一点,连接BE ,DE . (1)求证:BE =DE .(2)当BE △CD ,△BAD =78°时,求△BED 的度数.【答案】(1)证明见解析;(2)141°.【分析】(1)由角平分线的性质得△BAE =△DAE ,由SAS 证得△BAE △△DAE ,即可得出结论;(2)由△BAE △△DAE ,得出△BEA =△DEA ,推出△BEC =△DEC ,易求△BAC =△DAC =12×78°=39°,由等腰三角形与三角形内角和定理求出△ACD =△ADC =70.5°,由平行线的性质得出△BEC =△ACD =70.5°,即可得出结果.【详解】解:(1)证明:△AC 平分△BAD ,△△BAE =△DAE ,在△BAE 和△DAE 中,AB AD BAE DAE AE AE =⎧⎪∠=∠⎨⎪=⎩,△△BAE △△DAE (SAS ),△BE =DE ;(2)由(1)得△BAE △△DAE ,△△BEA =△DEA ,△△BEC =△DEC ,△AC 平分△BAD ,△BAD =78°,△△BAC =△DAC =12△BAD =12×78°=39°, △AC =AD ,△△ACD =△ADC =12×(180°﹣39°)=70.5°, △BE △CD ,△△BEC =△ACD =70.5°,△△BEC =△DEC =70.5°,△△BED =2×70.5°=141°.【点睛】本题考查了全等三角形的判定与性质,等腰三角形的性质,平行线的性质等知识,熟知相关知识点并灵活应用是解题关键.17.如图,在△ABC 中,AB =AC =2,△B =40°,点D 在线段BC 上运动(D 不与B 、C 重合),连接AD ,作△ADE =40°,DE 与AC 交于E .(1)当△BDA =115°时,△BAD = °,△DEC = °;当点D 从B 向C 运动时,△BDA 逐渐变 (填“大”或“小”);(2)当DC 等于多少时,△ABD 与△DCE 全等?请说明理由;(3)在点D 的运动过程中,△ADE 的形状可以是等腰三角形吗?若可以,请直接写出△BDA 的度数;若不可以,请说明理由.【答案】(1)25,115,小;(2)2,理由见解析;(3)可以,80°或110°.【分析】(1)首先利用三角形内角和为180°可算出△BAD =180°-40°-115°=25°;再利用邻补角的性质和三角形内角和定理可得△DEC 的度数;(2)由三角形全等的性质即可知AB =DC =2.(3)分类讨论当①40ADE DAE ∠=∠=︒时和当②DAE DEA ∠=∠时,计算出BDA ∠的大小即可.【详解】解:(1)△△B =40°,△ADB =115°,△△BAD =180°-40°-115°=25°;△△ADE =40°,△ADB =115°,△△EDC =180°-△ADB -△ADE =180°-115°-40°=25°.△△DEC =180°-40°-25°=115°,当点D 从B 向C 运动时,△BDA 逐渐变小;(2)△△ABD △△DCE ,△AB =DC =2.(3)根据题意可知40AED ∠≠︒,故AD AE ≠,①当40ADE DAE ∠=∠=︒时,△180()100BAC B C ∠=︒-∠+∠=︒,△1004060BAD BAC DAC ∠=∠-∠=︒-︒=︒,△180()80BDA BAD B ∠=︒-∠+∠=︒.②当1(180)702DAE DEA DAE ∠=∠=︒-∠=︒时, △1007030BAD BAC DAC ∠=∠-∠=︒-︒=︒,△180()110BDA BAD B ∠=︒-∠+∠=︒.综上可知,当80BDA ∠=︒或110︒时,ADE 是等腰三角形.【点睛】本题考查全等三角形的性质、等腰三角形性质以及三角形内角和定理.利用数形结合的思想是解答本题的关键.18.如图1,ACB △和ECD 都是等腰直角三角形,,,CA CB CE CD ACB ==的顶点A 在ECD 的斜边DE 上.(1)证明ECA DAB ∠=∠;(2)猜想,,AE AB AD 之间的数量关系,并证明;(3)如图2,若4,AE AC ==F 是AD 的中点,求CF 的长.【答案】(1)见解析;(2)222AD AE AB +=,证明见解析;(3)【分析】(1)由三角形内角和定理和平角的性质可求解;(2)由“SAS ”可证ECA DCB ∆≅∆,可得AE BD =,45CEA CDB ∠=∠=︒,由勾股定理可求解;(3)由勾股定理可求AD 的长,由等腰直角三角形的性质可得8CH DH EH ===,可求HF 的长,由勾股定理可求CF 的长.【详解】解:(1)证明:ACB ∆和ECD ∆都是等腰直角三角形,CA CB =,CE CD =,90ECA ACD ACD DCB ∴∠+∠=∠+∠=︒,45CEA CDE ∠=∠=︒,45CAB CBA ∠=∠=︒,△△ECA =△DCB ,180CEA ECA EAC ∠+∠+∠=︒,180EAC CAB DAB ∠+∠+∠=︒,ECA DAB ∴∠=∠;(2)222AD AE AB +=,理由如下:连接BD ,在ECA ∆和DCB ∆中,CE CD ECA DCB CA CB =⎧⎪∠=∠⎨⎪=⎩()ECA DCB SAS ∴∆≅∆,AE BD ∴=,45CEA CDB ∠=∠=︒,90ADB CDB EDC ∴∠=∠+∠=︒,ADB ∴∆是直角三角形,222AD BD AB ∴+=,222AD AE AB ∴+=;(3)如图2,过点C 作CH DE ⊥于H ,222AC BC AB +=,222AE AD AB +=,4AE =,AC =12AD ∴=,16DE AE AD ∴=+=,点F 是AD 的中点,6AF DF ∴==,ECD ∆都是等腰直角三角形,CH DE ⊥,16DE =,8CH DH EH ∴===,2∴=-=,HF DH DF∴=CF【点睛】本题是三角形综合题,考查了全等三角形的判定和性质,等腰直角三角形的性质,勾股定理等知识,添加恰当辅助线是本题的关键.19.在△ABC中,△ACB=90°,AC=BC=2,D是射线BC上一动点,过点B作BE△AD,垂足为点E,交直线AC于点P.(问题发现)(1)如图①,若点D在BC的延长线上,试猜想AP,CD,BC之间的数量关系为;(类比探究)(2)如图②,若点D在线段BC上,试猜想AP,CD,BC之间的数量关系,并说明理由;(拓展应用)(3)当E为BP的中点时,直接写出线段CD的长度.【答案】(1)BC=AP+CD;(2)AP=BC+CD,见解析;(3)2或【分析】(1)由题意可得△DAC=△DBE,根据“ASA”可证△ACD△△BCP,可得CD=CP,即可求出AP,CD,BC之间的数量关系;(2)由题意可得△P AE=△PBC,根据“ASA”可证△ACD△△BCP,可得CD=CP,即可求出AP,CD,BC之间的数量关系.(3)过点D作DM△AB,根据线段垂直平分线的性质可得AB=AP,根据等腰三角形的性质可得△DAC=△DAB,根据“AAS”可得△ACD△△AMD,可得AC=AM=2,CD=DM,根据勾股定理和等腰三角形的判定可得CD=DM=BM的长度.【详解】解:(1)BC=AP+CD,理由如下:△△ACB=90°,BE△AD,△△D+△DAC=90°,△D+△DBE=90°,△△DAC=△DBE,且△ACB=△ACD,AC=BC,△△ACD△△BCP(ASA),△CD=CP,△BC=AC=CP+AP,△BC=AP+CD,(2)AP=BC+CD,理由如下:△△ACB=90°,BE△AD,△△P+△P AE=90°,△P+△PBC=90°,△△P AE=△PBC,且△ACB=△BCP,AC=BC,△△ACD△△BCP(ASA),△CD=CP,△AP=AC+CP,△AP=BC+CD.(3)如图:过点D作DM△AB,垂足为M,△AE△BE,点E是PB中点,△AB=AP,且AE△BE,△△DAC=△DAM,△△DAC=△DAM,AD=AD,△ACD=△AMD=90°,△ACD△△AMD(AAS)△AC=AM=2,CD=DM,△△ACB=90°,AC=BC=2,△AB=△ABC=45°,△MB=AB-AM=2,△DM△AB,△ABC=45°,△△MDB=△ABC=45°,△DM=BM=2,△CD=2,当点D在BC的延长线上时,如图:同理可得:CD=CP=AP+CA=2.综上所述:线段CD的长度为2或2.【点睛】本题考查了直角三角形的两锐角互余,全等三角形的判定和性质,熟练运用全等三角形的判定与性质解决问题是本题的关键.20.综合与探究问题情境在Rt△ABC中,△BAC=90°,AB=AC,点D是射线BC上一动点,连接AD,将线段AD绕点A逆时针旋转90°至AE ,连接DE ,CE .探究发现(1)如图1,BD =CE ,BD △CE ,请证明;探究猜想;(2)如图2,当BD =2DC 时,猜想AD 与BC 之间的数量关系,并说明理由;探究拓广(3)当点D 在BC 的延长线上时,探究并直接写出线段BD ,DC ,AD 之间的数量关系.【答案】(1)证明见解析;(2)AD =,理由见解析;(3)2222BD CD AD +=. 【分析】(1)根据题意计算得△BAD =△CAE ;再根据旋转的性质,通过证明△BAD △△CAE ,从而完成求解;(2)结合(1)的结论,通过△BAD △△CAE ,得CE ;通过勾股定理,得DE ;再通过勾股定理计算,记得得到答案;(3)过点A 作AM BC ⊥交BC 于点M ;根据等腰三角形三线合一的性质,得BM CM =,再根据直角三角形斜边中线的性质,得12AM BM CM BC ===;根据勾股定理的性质,通过计算,即可得到线段BD ,DC ,AD 之间的数量关系.【详解】(1)由题意得,△BAC =△DAE =90°△△BAD +△CAD =△CAE +△CAD△△BAD =△CAE△线段AD 绕点A 逆时针旋转90°至AE△AD =AE又△AB =AC ,△△BAD △△CAE△BD =CE ,△B =△ACE =45°△△ECD =90°,BD △CE .(2)由(1)得:△BAD △△CAE△BD =CE ,△B =△ACE =45° △13CD BC =,BD =2DC ,即23BD BC =, △23BD CE BC ==, △AD =AE△DE ==△△B =△ACB =45°△△BCE =△ACB +△ACE =90°△CD 2+CE 2=DE 2,即22212()()233BC BC AD +=,△AD BC =; (3)如图,过点A 作AM BC ⊥交BC 于点M△△BAC =90°,AB =AC △12BM CM BC ==△12AM BM CM BC === △()1122AM BC BD CD ==-,()1122DM CM CD BC CD BD CD =+=+=+ △222AM DM AD +=△()()2221122BD CD BD CD AD ⎡⎤⎡⎤-++=⎢⎥⎢⎥⎣⎦⎣⎦△2222BD CD AD +=.【点睛】本题考查了旋转、等腰直角三角形、勾股定理、直角三角形斜边中线的知识;解题的关键是熟练掌握旋转、等腰三角形三线合一、勾股定理、直角三角形斜边中线的性质,从而完成求解.。

统编教材八年级语文下册期末测试卷附答案

统编教材八年级语文下册期末测试卷附答案

部编版八年级语文下册期末测试卷01一、积累与运用(28分)1.下列加点字的注音完全正确的一项是()(3分)A.蘸.墨(zhàn)驿.道(yì)苍劲.(jìn)穹.顶(qióng)B.旷.野(kuàng)敦.实(dūn)蠕.动(rú)虔.诚(qián)C.襁.褓(qiǎng)束缚.(fù)山麓.(lǜ)篆.章(zhuàn)D.思慕.(mù)珮.环(pèi)溯.游(sù)蠕.动(xiá)2.下列词语书写有误的一项是()(3分)A.打嗝翩然矗立轻歌曼舞B.恬静缭绕推搡格物制知C.羁绊喧哗凫水不修边幅D.悬殊农谚狩猎五彩斑斓3.依次填入下面一段文字横线处的词语,最恰当的一项是()(3分)真正的诗意,不应只是优雅时光里读书弄茶的闲情逸致,更应是纵使身处_______,依然不忘抬头看那柳梢的月、檐角的星。

诗意不能带你渡过所有现实的难关,却能_______智慧,_______心灵,让平凡的生命,身在井隅,心向璀璨,追寻属于自己的不平凡。

A.困境启迪抚慰B.困境启发抚恤C.困难启迪抚恤D.困难启发抚慰4.下列句子中标点符号使用正确的一项是()(3分)A.据“元和郡县图志”中所载,当年壶口的位置还在这下游一千五百米处。

B.越来越多的年轻人和专家学者走出象牙塔来到农村,他们是为了心中的一个疑惑:乡村教育到底怎么了?C.“但是,”他把握十足地说:“不必为此烦恼——静下心来——不要浮躁——他们虽已扬尘远去,可不久就会消失在我们身后的。

”D.这意义有两个方面:第一,寻求真理的唯一途径是对事物客观的探索。

第二,探索应该有想象力、有计划,不能消极地袖手旁观。

5.按要求答题。

(4分)“每天进步一点点,三年语文灿年华。

”每到传统佳节,人们会用特定的形式表达纪念和祝福。

请在清明节、端午节和中秋节中任选一个节日,仿照例句再写一个句子。

2023-2024八年级物理期末模拟卷01(考试版A4)(人教版)

2023-2024八年级物理期末模拟卷01(考试版A4)(人教版)

2023-2024学年八年级物理上学期期末模拟考试卷01(人教版)(考试版A4)(考试时间:90分钟试卷满分:100分)注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。

写在本试卷上无效。

3.答题时,将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

4.测试范围:人教版八年级上册。

5.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

一、选择题(12个小题,1-10题是单选题,每题2分。

11-12是多选题,每题3分,选对少选得2分,选错不得分。

共26分)1. 下列数据最接近实际情况的是()。

A. 适宜洗澡的水温约为60℃B. 一瓶矿泉水的质量约为50gC. 人心脏正常跳动一次的时间约为5sD. 初中生所坐凳子的高度约为40cm2.关于错误和误差,下列说法中正确的是()。

A.错误是不可避免的;B.通过多次测量取平均值可以减小误差;C.误差是由不规范的操作造成的;D.错误是由于测量工具不够精密造成的3.如图所示,用悬挂着的乒乓球接触正在发声的音叉,乒乓球会多次被弹开。

这个实验是探究()。

A.响度是否与振幅有关B.音调是否与频率有关C.声音的传播是否需要介质D.声音产生的原因4.关于声现象的描述,下列说法正确的是()。

A.禁鸣喇叭是在传播过程中减弱噪声;B.将发声的音叉触及面颊可以探究声音产生的原因;C.“闻其声而知其人”主要是根据声音的响度来判断的;D.超声波能粉碎人体内的“结石”说明声波可以传递信息5.下列各图所举的事例中,利用了相对运动原理的是()。

A.联合收割机和运输车 B.歼﹣10空中加油C.大飞机风洞实验 D.接力赛交接棒6.甲、乙两名同学进行百米赛跑,把他俩的运动近似看作匀速直线运动。

他俩同时从起跑线起跑,经过一段时间后,他们的位置如图所示。

则关于他俩在这段时间内运动的路程s、速度v和时间t,下列的关系图象中正确的是()。

2022-2023学年上学期八年级数学期末模拟测试卷(01)

2022-2023学年上学期八年级数学期末模拟测试卷(01)

2022-2023学年上学期八年级数学期末模拟测试卷(01)一、选择题(本大题共8小题,每小题2分,共16分。

在每小题所给出的四个选项中,只有一项是正确的)1.下列图形是轴对称图形的是()A.B.C.D.2.若点P位于x轴上方,位于y轴的左边,且距x轴的距离为2个单位长度,距y轴的距离为3个单位长度,则点P的坐标是()A.(2,﹣3)B.(2,3)C.(3,﹣2)D.(﹣3,2)3.下列各数是无理数的是()A.0B.πC.D.4.如图,AB=AD,AC=AE,则能判定△ABC≌△ADE的条件是()A.∠B=∠D B.∠C=∠B C.∠D=∠E D.BC=DE5.在△ABC中,∠A、∠B、∠C的对边分别为a、b、c,下列条件中,不能判断△ABC是直角三角形的是()A.a=3,b=4,c=5B.a=b,∠C=45°C.∠A:∠B:∠C=1:2:3D.a=9,b=40,c=416.某一次函数的图象经过点(1,5),且函数值y随x的增大而减小,则这个函数的表达式可能是()A.y=2x+3B.y=3x﹣8C.y=﹣3x+8D.y=﹣2x+57.如图,在△ABC中,AD是∠BAC的平分线,延长AD至E,使AD=DE,连接BE,若AB=4AC,△BDE的面积为12,则△ABC的面积是()A.6B.9C.12D.158.如图,函数y=kx+b的图象与y轴、x轴分别相交于点A(0,2)和点B(4,0),则关于x的不等式kx+b≥2的解集为()A.x≤0B.x≤4C.x≥0D.x≥4二、填空题(本大题共8小题,每小题2分,共16分。

不需写出解答过程,请把答案直接填写在答题卡相应位置上)9.﹣的立方根是.10.用四舍五入法,对0.12964精确到千分位得到的近似数为.11.已知点P在第三象限,且P点的横坐标与纵坐标的积是4,试写出一个符合条件的点:.12.如图,一次函数y=kx+b与y=x+2的图象相交于点P(m,4),则方程组的解是.13.如图,点A,D,B,E在同一条直线上,AD=BE,AC=EF,要使△ABC≌△EDF,只需添加一个条件,这个条件可以是.14.《九章算术》中的“折竹抵地”问题:今有竹高一丈,末折抵地,去根六尺,问折高者几何?意思是:一根竹子原高一丈(一丈=10尺),一阵风将竹子折断,其竹梢恰好抵地,抵地处离竹子底部6尺远,问折断处离地面高度是尺.15.如图,小明将长方形纸片ABCD对折后展开,折痕为EF,再将点C翻折到EF上的点G处,折痕为BH,则∠GBH=°.16.如图,在等腰直角三角形ABC中,∠A=90°,P是△ABC内一点,P A=1,PB=3,PC=,那么∠CP A=度.三、解答题(本大题共9小题,共88分。

2021-2022学年八年级道德与法治上学期期末测试卷(山东)01(全解全析)

2021-2022学年八年级道德与法治上学期期末测试卷(山东)01(全解全析)

2021–2022学年上学期期末测试卷01八年级道德与法治·全解全析【详解】本题考查个人与社会的关系。

①③:题干表明人的身份是在社会关系中确定的,在不同社会关系中我们有不同的身份,我们要学会承担不同的责任,故①③正确;②④:材料未涉及个人的生存和发展离不开社会;个人是社会的有机组成部分,故排除②④;故本题选B。

2.【答案】B【详解】本题考查正确认识参加社会实践活动的意义。

①②④:学农活动有助于学生在社会生活中学习知识、获得成长;有助于学生更好的体验和感受社会生活;使得个人能力得到锻炼,促进全面健康发展。

①②④说法正确;③:学生的主要任务是学习,但也要参加社会实践活动,③说法错误;故本题选B。

3.【答案】A【详解】本题考查网络丰富日常生活。

A:分析材料信息,小红利用网络查到了合适的车次,又把西安的旅游网点浏览了一遍,还在地区聊天室里认识了一位西安的朋友,为她介绍了交通食宿方面的问题,这体现网络的积极影响,说明网络给我们的生活带来便利,丰富日常生活,故A说法符合题意;B:“网络可以解决任何问题”说法过于绝对,扩大网络的作用,故B说法错误;C:虚拟世界的交往,带有很多不确定因素,增强自我保护,要慎交网友,多交结交现实中朋友,故C说法错误;D:网络具有虚拟性,带有很多不确定因素,“网络里面的信息都是真实的”说法过于绝对,故D说法错误;故本题选A。

4.【答案】C【详解】本题考查合理利用网络。

ABD:网络是把双刃剑。

题干中“饭圈”粉丝群体在网上的行为是错误的,我们应规范网络语言,扫除语言垃圾;共同营造文明健康的网上精神家园;自觉遵守网络文明公约,做文明上网人。

故ABD正确;C:我们不能依法制裁语言低俗者,故C错误;本题是逆向选择题,故本题选C。

5.【答案】A【详解】本题考查遵守公共秩序。

①②③:霸座行为既不文明,也是违法行为,惩治“霸座”等不文明行为,有利于维护公共秩序,维护其他公民的合法权益,有利于规范乘客行为,营造良好的社会氛围,故①②③正确;④:说法错误,“杜绝”的说法过于绝对,故排除④;故本题选A。

2022-2023学年第一学期八年级数学期末复习冲刺卷(01)

2022-2023学年第一学期八年级数学期末复习冲刺卷(01)

2022-2023学年第一学期八年级数学期末复习冲刺卷(01)(考试时间:100分钟试卷满分:120分)考生注意:1.本试卷28道试题,满分120分,考试时间100分钟.2.本试卷分设试卷和答题纸.试卷包括试题与答题要求.作答必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上,在试卷上作答一律不得分.3.答卷前,务必用钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸正面清楚地填写姓名、准考证号码等相关信息.一.选择题(共10小题每题3分,满分30分)1.第24届冬奥会将于2022年在北京和张家口举办.下列四个图分别是第24届冬奥会图标中的一部分,其中是轴对称图形的是()A.B.C.D.2.如果某函数的图象如图所示,那么y随着x的增大而()A.增大B.减小C.先减小后增大D.先增大后减小3.如果点P(m,1﹣2m)在第一象限,那么m的取值范围是()A.0<m<B.﹣<m<0C.m<0D.m>4.点(3,﹣4)到x轴的距离是()A.3B.4C.5D.75.函数y=x的图象向左平移2个单位,相应的函数表达式为()A.y=x+1B.y=x﹣1C.y=x+2D.y=x﹣26.若等腰三角形中有一个角为50度,则这个等腰三角形的顶角的度数为()A.50°B.80°C.65°或50°D.50°或80°7.已知一次函数y=(2m﹣1)x+2,y随x的增大而减小,则m的取值范围是()A.m<B.m>C.m≥1D.m<18.如图,函数y=mx和y=kx+b的图象相交于点P(1,m),则不等式﹣b≤kx﹣b≤mx的解集为()A.0≤x≤1B.﹣1≤x≤0C.﹣1≤x≤1D.﹣m≤x≤m9.下列各组数据中,不能作为直角三角形三边长度的是()A.9,12,15B.7,24,25C.,2,D.1,,10.如图,将风筝放至高30m,牵引线与水平面夹角约为45°的高空中,则牵引线AB的长度所在范围最有可能是()A.36m至38m B.38m至40m C.40m至42m D.42m至44m二.填空题(共8小题,每题3分,满分24分)11.点P(﹣2,3)到x轴的距离是.12.在,2π,0,,0.454454445…,中,无理数有个.13.如图,△ABC≌△DEF,BE=4,AE=1,则DE的长是.14.已知一个直角三角形的两直角边长分别为3和4,则斜边长是.15.如图,在△ABC中,AC的垂直平分线交BC于点D,垂足为点E,△ABD的周长为12cm,AC=5cm,则△ABC的周长是.16.如图,在平面直角坐标系中,函数y=mx+n与y=kx+b的图象交于点P(﹣2,1),则方程组的解为.17.将一次函数的图象平移,使得平移之后的图象经过点A(2,1),则平移之后的图象的解析式为.18.如图,点C的坐标是(2,2),A为坐标原点,CB⊥x轴于B,CD⊥y轴于D,点E是线段BC的中点,过点A的直线y=kx交线段DC于点F,连接EF,若AF平分∠DFE,则k的值为.三.解答题(共10小题,满分66分)19.计算:(1);(2);(3);(4)求(x﹣2)2﹣9=0中x的值.20.化简:(1);(2).21.先化简再求值:,其中.22.如图,点D、E在△ABC的BC边上,AB=AC,AD=AE.求证:BD=CE.23.如图,在四边形ABCD中,AD∥BC,AD=2BC,点E是AC的中点,请仅用无刻度的直尺分别按下列要求画图.(不写画法,保留画图痕迹)(1)在图1中,画出△ACD的边AD上的中线CM;(2)在图2中,若AC=AD,画出△ACD的边CD上的高AN.24.如图,在平面直角坐标系中,直线l1:y=﹣x+5与x轴交于点B,直线l1与过点A(﹣4,0)的直线l2交于点P(﹣1,m).(1)求直线l2的函数表达式;(2)点M在第一象限且在直线l2上,MN∥y轴,交直线l1于点N,若MN=AB,求点M的坐标.25.如图,在等边三角形ABC中,AD是∠BAC的平分线,E为AD上一点,以BE为一边且在BE下方作等边三角形BEF,连接CF.(1)求证:△ABE≌△CBF;(2)求∠ACF的度数.26.抗击疫情,我们在行动.某药店销售A型和B型两种型号的口罩,销售一箱A型口罩可获利120元,销售一箱B型口罩可获利140元.该药店计划一次购进两种型号的口罩共100箱,其中B 型口罩的进货量不超过A型口罩的3倍.设购进A型口罩x箱,这100箱口罩的销售总利润为y 元.(1)求y与x的函数关系式;(2)该商店购进A型、B型口罩各多少箱,才能使销售利润最大?最大利润是多少?(3)若限定该药店最多购进A型口罩70箱,则这100箱口罩的销售总利润能否为12500元?请说明理由.27.【数学阅读】如图1,在△ABC中,AB=AC,点P为边BC上的任意一点,过点P作PD⊥AB,PE⊥AC,垂足分别为D、E,过点C作CF⊥AB,垂足为F,求证:PD+PE=CF.小明的证明思路是:如图2,连接AP,由△ABP与△ACP面积之和等于△ABC的面积可以证得:PD+PE=CF.【推广延伸】如图3,当点P在BC延长线上时,其余条件不变,请运用上述解答中所积累的经验和方法,猜想PD,PE与CF的数量关系,并证明.【解决问题】如图4,在平面直角坐标系中,点C在x轴正半轴上,点B在y轴正半轴上,且AB=AC,点B到x 轴的距离为3.(1)点B的坐标为;(2)点P为射线CB上一点,过点P作PE⊥AC于E,点P到AB的距离为d,直接写出PE与d的数量关系为;(3)在(2)的条件下,当d=1,A为(﹣4,0)时,求点P的坐标.28.如图,直线l:y=2x﹣2与y轴交于点G,直线l上有一动点P,过点P作y轴的平行线PE,过点G作x轴的平行线GE,它们相交于点E.将△PGE沿直线l翻折得到△PGE′,点E的对应点为E′.(1)如图1,请利用无刻度的直尺和圆规在图1中作出点E的对应点E′;(2)如图2,当点E的对应点E′落在x轴上时,求点P的坐标;(3)如图3,直线l上有A,B两点,坐标分别为(﹣2,﹣6)(4,6),当点P从点A运动到点B的过程中,点E′也随之运动,请直接写出点E′的运动路径长为.答案与解析一.选择题(共10小题每题3分,满分30分)1.第24届冬奥会将于2022年在北京和张家口举办.下列四个图分别是第24届冬奥会图标中的一部分,其中是轴对称图形的是()A.B.C.D.【分析】根据轴对称图形的概念,如果一个图形沿一条直线折叠,直线两旁的部分能够互相重合,这个图形叫做轴对称图形,进行判断即可.【解答】解:A.不是轴对称图形,故此选项不合题意;B.不是轴对称图形,故此选项不合题意;C.是轴对称图形,故此选项符合题意;D.不是轴对称图形,故此选项不合题意;故选:C.【点评】本题考查的是轴对称图形的概念,正确掌握相关定义是解题关键.2.如果某函数的图象如图所示,那么y随着x的增大而()A.增大B.减小C.先减小后增大D.先增大后减小【分析】根据函数图象可以得到y随x的增大如何变化,本题得以解决.【解答】解:由函数图象可得,y随x的增大而增大,故选:A.【点评】本题考查函数的图象,解答本题的关键是明确题意,利用数形结合的思想解答.3.如果点P(m,1﹣2m)在第一象限,那么m的取值范围是()A.0<m<B.﹣<m<0C.m<0D.m>【分析】根据第一象限内点的横坐标与纵坐标都是正数,列出不等式组求解即可.【解答】解:∵点P(m,1﹣2m)在第一象限,∴,由②得,m<,所以,m的取值范围是0<m<.故选:A.【点评】本题考查了各象限内点的坐标的符号特征以及解不等式组,记住各象限内点的坐标的符号是解决的关键,四个象限的符号特点分别是:第一象限(+,+);第二象限(﹣,+);第三象限(﹣,﹣);第四象限(+,﹣).4.点(3,﹣4)到x轴的距离是()A.3B.4C.5D.7【分析】根据点到x轴的距离等于纵坐标的绝对值解答即可.【解答】解:点(3,﹣4)到x轴的距离是4.故选:B.【点评】本题考查了点的坐标,熟记点到x轴的距离等于纵坐标的绝对值是解题的关键.5.函数y=x的图象向左平移2个单位,相应的函数表达式为()A.y=x+1B.y=x﹣1C.y=x+2D.y=x﹣2【分析】根据“上加下减,左加右减”的原则进行解答即可.【解答】解:由“左加右减”的原则可知,将函数y=x的图象向左平移2个单位,所得函数的解析式为y=(x+2),即y=x+1,故选:A.【点评】本题考查的是一次函数的图象与几何变换,熟知“上加下减,左加右减”的原则是解答此题的关键.6.若等腰三角形中有一个角为50度,则这个等腰三角形的顶角的度数为()A.50°B.80°C.65°或50°D.50°或80°【分析】因为题中没有指明该角是顶角还是底角,所以要分两种情况进行分析.【解答】解:①50°是底角,则顶角为:180°﹣50°×2=80°;②50°为顶角;所以顶角的度数为50°或80°.故选:D.【点评】根据等腰三角形的性质分两种情况进行讨论.7.已知一次函数y=(2m﹣1)x+2,y随x的增大而减小,则m的取值范围是()A.m<B.m>C.m≥1D.m<1【分析】直接根据一次函数的性质得出关于m的不等式,求出m的取值范围即可.【解答】解:∵一次函数y=(2m﹣1)x+2,y随x的增大而减小,∴2m﹣1<0,解得m<.故选:A.【点评】本题考查的是一次函数的图象与系数的关系,熟知一次函数的增减性是解答此题的关键.8.如图,函数y=mx和y=kx+b的图象相交于点P(1,m),则不等式﹣b≤kx﹣b≤mx的解集为()A.0≤x≤1B.﹣1≤x≤0C.﹣1≤x≤1D.﹣m≤x≤m【分析】首先确定y=mx和y=kx﹣b的交点,作出y=kx﹣b的大体图象,然后根据图象判断.【解答】解:∵y=kx+b的图象经过点P(1,m),∴k+b=m,当x=﹣1时,kx﹣b=﹣k﹣b=﹣(k+b)=﹣m,即(﹣1,﹣m)在函数y=kx﹣b的图象上.又∵(﹣1,﹣m)在y=mx的图象上.∴y=kx﹣b与y=mx相交于点(﹣1,﹣m).则函数图象如图.则不等式﹣b≤kx﹣b≤mx的解集为﹣1≤x≤0.故选:B.【点评】本题考查了一次函数与不等式的关系,正确确定y=kx﹣b和y=mx的交点是关键.9.下列各组数据中,不能作为直角三角形三边长度的是()A.9,12,15B.7,24,25C.,2,D.1,,【分析】先分别求出两小边的平方和和最长边的平方,再根据勾股定理的逆定理逐个判断即可.【解答】解:A.∵92+122=81+144=225,152=225,∴92+122=152,∴以9,12,15为边能组成直角三角形,故本选项不符合题意;B.∵72+242=49+576=625,252=625,∴72+242=252,∴以7,24,25为边能组成直角三角形,故本选项不符合题意;C.∵()2+22=3+4=7,()2=5,∴()2+22≠()2,∴以,2,为边不能组成直角三角形,故本选项符合题意;D.∵12+()2=1+2=3,()2=3,∴12+()2=()2,∴以1,,为边能组成直角三角形,故本选项不符合题意;故选:C.【点评】本题考查了勾股定理的逆定理,能熟记勾股定理的逆定理是解此题的关键,注意:如果一个三角形的两边a、b的平方和等于第三边c的平方,那么这个三角形是直角三角形.10.如图,将风筝放至高30m,牵引线与水平面夹角约为45°的高空中,则牵引线AB的长度所在范围最有可能是()A.36m至38m B.38m至40m C.40m至42m D.42m至44m【分析】过B作BC⊥水平面于C,证△ABC是等腰直角三角形,得AC=BC=30m,再由勾股定理求出AB的长,即可得出结论.【解答】解:如图,过B作BC⊥水平面于C,∵∠BAC=45°,∴△ABC是等腰直角三角形,∴AC=BC=30m,∴AB===30≈42.42(m),故选:D.【点评】本题考查了勾股定理的应用以及等腰直角三角形的判定与性质,熟练掌握勾股定理是解题的关键.二.填空题(共8小题,每题3分,满分24分)11.点P(﹣2,3)到x轴的距离是3.【分析】求得P的纵坐标的绝对值即可求得P点到x轴的距离.【解答】解:∵点P的纵坐标为3,∴P点到x轴的距离是|3|=3.故答案为:3.【点评】本题考查了点的坐标,解答本题的关键在于熟练掌握点到x轴的距离为点的纵坐标的绝对值.12.在,2π,0,,0.454454445…,中,无理数有3个.【分析】无理数就是无限不循环小数.理解无理数的概念,一定要同时理解有理数的概念,有理数是整数与分数的统称.即有限小数和无限循环小数是有理数,而无限不循环小数是无理数.由此即可判定选择项.【解答】解:,是分数,属于有理数;0,是整数,属于有理数;无理数有2π,0.454454445…,,共3个.故答案为:3.【点评】此题主要考查了无理数的定义,其中初中范围内学习的无理数有:π,2π等;开方开不尽的数;以及像0.1010010001…(两个1之间依次多一个0),等有这样规律的数.13.如图,△ABC≌△DEF,BE=4,AE=1,则DE的长是5.【分析】先求出AB的长度,再根据全等三角形对应边相等解答即可.【解答】解:∵BE=4,AE=1,∴AB=BE+AE=4+1=5,∵△ABC≌△DEF,∴DE=AB=5.故答案为:5.【点评】本题考查了全等三角形对应边相等的性质,先求出DE的对应边AB的长度是解题的关键.14.已知一个直角三角形的两直角边长分别为3和4,则斜边长是5.【分析】根据勾股定理计算即可.【解答】解:由勾股定理得,斜边长==5,故答案为:5.【点评】本题考查的是勾股定理,如果直角三角形的两条直角边长分别是a,b,斜边长为c,那么a2+b2=c2.15.如图,在△ABC中,AC的垂直平分线交BC于点D,垂足为点E,△ABD的周长为12cm,AC=5cm,则△ABC的周长是17cm.【分析】根据线段垂直平分线上的点到线段两端点的距离相等可得AD=CD,然后求出△ABD 的周长=AB+BC,再根据三角形的周长公式列式计算即可得解.【解答】解:∵DE垂直平分AC,∴AD=CD,∴△ABD的周长=AB+BD+AD=AB+BD+CD=AB+BC,∴△ABC的周长=AB+BC+AC=12+5=17cm.故答案为:17cm.【点评】本题考查了线段垂直平分线上的点到线段两端点的距离相等的性质,熟记性质并求出△ABD的周长=AB+BC是解题的关键.16.如图,在平面直角坐标系中,函数y=mx+n与y=kx+b的图象交于点P(﹣2,1),则方程组的解为.【分析】利用方程组的解就是两个相应的一次函数图象的交点坐标进行判断.【解答】解:∵函数y=mx+n的图象与y=kx+b的图象交于点P(﹣2,1),∴方程组的解为,故答案为:.【点评】本题考查了一次函数与二元一次方程(组):方程组的解就是使方程组中两个方程同时成立的一对未知数的值,而这一对未知数的值也同时满足两个相应的一次函数式,因此方程组的解就是两个相应的一次函数图象的交点坐标.17.将一次函数的图象平移,使得平移之后的图象经过点A(2,1),则平移之后的图象的解析式为.【分析】平移时k的值不变,只有b发生变化.【解答】解:新直线是由一次函数的图象平移得到的,∴新直线的k=.可设新直线的解析式为:y=x+b.∵经过点(2,1),则×2+b=1.解得b=0.∴平移后图象函数的解析式为y=x.故答案是:y=x.【点评】本题主要考查了一次函数图象与几何变换,本题要注意利用一次函数的特点,求出未知数的值从而求得其解析式,求直线平移后的解析式时要注意平移时k的值不变.18.如图,点C的坐标是(2,2),A为坐标原点,CB⊥x轴于B,CD⊥y轴于D,点E是线段BC的中点,过点A的直线y=kx交线段DC于点F,连接EF,若AF平分∠DFE,则k的值为1或3.【分析】分两种情况:①当点F在DC之间时,作出辅助线,求出点F的坐标即可求出k的值;②当点F与点C重合时求出点F的坐标即可求出k的值.【解答】解:∵C的坐标是(2,2),A为坐标原点,CB⊥x轴于B,CD⊥y轴于D,∴四边形ABCD是正方形,①如图,作AG⊥EF交EF于点G,连接AE,∵AF平分∠DFE,∴DA=AG=2,在RT△ADF和RT△AGF中,,∴RT△ADF≌RT△AGF(HL),∴DF=FG,∵点E是BC边的中点,∴BE=CE=1,∴AE==,∴GE==1,∴在RT△FCE中,EF2=FC2+CE2,即(DF+1)2=(2﹣DF)2+1,解得DF=,∴点F(,2),把点F的坐标代入y=kx得:2=k,解得k=3;②当点F与点C重合时,∵四边形ABCD是正方形,∴AF平分∠DFE,∴F(2,2),把点F的坐标代入y=kx得:2=2k,解得k=1.故答案为:1或3.【点评】本题主要考查了一次函数综合题,涉及角平分线的性质,三角形全等的判定及性质,正方形的性质理,及勾股定解题的关键是分两种情况求出k.三.解答题(共10小题,满分66分)19.计算:(1);(2);(3);(4)求(x﹣2)2﹣9=0中x的值.【分析】(1)先计算开方、零次幂,后计算加减;(2)先变除法为乘法,再计算化简;(3)先计算二次根式、绝对值,后计算加减;(4)运用开平方法进行求解.【解答】解:(1)=2﹣1+2=1+2;(2)==12;(3)=3﹣+=6﹣+=5+;(4)移项,得(x﹣2)2=9,开平方,得x﹣2=3,或x﹣2=﹣3,解得x=5或x=﹣1.【点评】此题考查了实数的混合运算和解一元二次方程的能力,关键是能确定正确的运算顺序和方法.20.化简:(1);(2).【分析】(1)把除化为乘,再约分即可;(2)分子、分母分解因式,约分后再算加减.【解答】解:(1)原式=•=;(2)原式=﹣=﹣=.【点评】本题考查分式的混合运算,解题的关键是掌握分式通分、约分的方法,把分式化简.21.先化简再求值:,其中.【分析】原式括号中两项通分并利用同分母分式的减法法则计算,同时利用除法法则变形,约分得到最简结果,把x的值代入计算即可求出值.【解答】解:原式=÷=•=,当x=时,原式==.【点评】此题考查了分式的化简求值,熟练掌握运算法则是解本题的关键.22.如图,点D、E在△ABC的BC边上,AB=AC,AD=AE.求证:BD=CE.【分析】要证明线段相等,只要过点A作BC的垂线,利用三线合一得到P为DE及BC的中点,线段相减即可得证.【解答】证明:如图,过点A作AP⊥BC于P.∵AB=AC,∴BP=PC;∵AD=AE,∴DP=PE,∴BP﹣DP=PC﹣PE,∴BD=CE.【点评】本题考查了等腰三角形的性质,做题时,两次用到三线合一的性质,由等量减去等量得到差相等是解答本题的关键.23.如图,在四边形ABCD中,AD∥BC,AD=2BC,点E是AC的中点,请仅用无刻度的直尺分别按下列要求画图.(不写画法,保留画图痕迹)(1)在图1中,画出△ACD的边AD上的中线CM;(2)在图2中,若AC=AD,画出△ACD的边CD上的高AN.【分析】(1)延长BE交AD于M,证明△AEM≌△CEB得到AM=BC=AD,从而得到M点为AD的中点;(2)延长BE交AD于F,连接CF、DE,它们相交于点O,然后延长AO交CD于N,则AN满足条件.【解答】解:(1)如图1,CM为所作;(2)如图2,AN为所作.【点评】本题考查了作图﹣复杂作图:解决此类题目的关键是熟悉基本几何图形的性质,结合几何图形的基本性质把复杂作图拆解成基本作图,逐步操作.也考查了全等三角形的判定与性质.24.如图,在平面直角坐标系中,直线l1:y=﹣x+5与x轴交于点B,直线l1与过点A(﹣4,0)的直线l2交于点P(﹣1,m).(1)求直线l2的函数表达式;(2)点M在第一象限且在直线l2上,MN∥y轴,交直线l1于点N,若MN=AB,求点M的坐标.【分析】(1)将点P代入y=﹣x+5,可求P点坐标,再由待定系数法求直线解析式即可;(2)求出AB的长,设M(t,2t+8),则N(t,﹣t+5),MN=3t+3=9,求出t的值即可求M 点坐标.【解答】解:(1)∵P(﹣1,m)在直线l1:y=﹣x+5上,∴1+5=m,∴m=6,∴P(﹣1,6),设直线l2的解析式为y=kx+b,∴,解得,∴y=2x+8;(2)由y=﹣x+5可得B(5,0),∵A(﹣4,0),∴AB=9,设M(t,2t+8),则N(t,﹣t+5),∴MN=3t+3,∵MN=AB,∴3t+3=9,∴t=2,∴M(2,12).【点评】本题考查一次函数的图象及性质,熟练掌握一次函数的图象及性质是解题的关键.25.如图,在等边三角形ABC中,AD是∠BAC的平分线,E为AD上一点,以BE为一边且在BE下方作等边三角形BEF,连接CF.(1)求证:△ABE≌△CBF;(2)求∠ACF的度数.【分析】(1)由△ABC是等边三角形的性质得出AB=BC,∠ABE+∠EBC=60°,EB=BF,∠CBF+∠EBC=60°,求出∠ABE=∠CBF,根据SAS证出△ABE≌△CBF;(2)根据等边三角形的性质得出∠BAE=30°,∠ACB=60°,再根据△ABE≌△CBF,得出∠BCF=∠BAE=30°,从而求出∠ACF的度数.【解答】(1)证明:∵△ABC是等边三角形,∴AB=BC,∠ABE+∠EBC=60°,∵△BEF是等边三角形,∴BE=BF,∠CBF+∠EBC=60°,∴∠ABE=∠CBF,在△ABE和△CBF,,∴△ABE≌△CBF(SAS);(2)解:∵等边△ABC中,AD是∠BAC的角平分线,∴∠BAE=30°,∠ACB=60°,∵△ABE≌△CBF,∴∠BCF=∠BAE=30°,∴∠ACF=∠BCF+∠ACB=30°+60°=90°.【点评】此题考查了等边三角形的性质和全等三角形的判定与性质等知识;熟练掌握等边三角形的性质,证明三角形全等是解题的关键.26.抗击疫情,我们在行动.某药店销售A型和B型两种型号的口罩,销售一箱A型口罩可获利120元,销售一箱B型口罩可获利140元.该药店计划一次购进两种型号的口罩共100箱,其中B 型口罩的进货量不超过A型口罩的3倍.设购进A型口罩x箱,这100箱口罩的销售总利润为y 元.(1)求y与x的函数关系式;(2)该商店购进A型、B型口罩各多少箱,才能使销售利润最大?最大利润是多少?(3)若限定该药店最多购进A型口罩70箱,则这100箱口罩的销售总利润能否为12500元?请说明理由.【分析】(1)根据题意即可得出y关于x的函数关系式;(2)根据题意列不等式得出x的取值范围,再根据一次函数的性质解答即可;(3)由题意得出x的取值范围为25≤x≤60,根据一次函数的性质可得x=60时,总利润y最小,求出y的最小值,即可得出答案.【解答】解:(1)根据题意得,y=120x+140(100﹣x)=﹣20x+14000,答:y与x的函数关系式为:y=﹣20x+14000;(2)根据题意得,100﹣x≤3x,解得x≥25,∵y=﹣20x+14000,k=﹣20<0;∴y随x的增大而减小,∵x为正整数,∴当x=25时,y有最大值,最大值为﹣20×25+14000=13500,则100﹣x=75,即商店购进A型口罩25箱、B型口罩75箱,才能使销售总利润最大,最大利润为13500元;(3)根据题意得25≤x≤70,∵y=﹣20x+14000,k=﹣20<0;∴y随x的增大而减小,∵x为正整数,∴当x=70时,y有最小值,最小值为﹣20×70+14000=12600,∵12600>12500,∴这100箱口罩的销售总利润不能为12500元.【点评】本题主要考查了一次函数的应用,一元一次不等式的应用,解题的关键是根据一次函数x值的增大而确定y值的增减情况.27.【数学阅读】如图1,在△ABC中,AB=AC,点P为边BC上的任意一点,过点P作PD⊥AB,PE⊥AC,垂足分别为D、E,过点C作CF⊥AB,垂足为F,求证:PD+PE=CF.小明的证明思路是:如图2,连接AP,由△ABP与△ACP面积之和等于△ABC的面积可以证得:PD+PE=CF.【推广延伸】如图3,当点P在BC延长线上时,其余条件不变,请运用上述解答中所积累的经验和方法,猜想PD,PE与CF的数量关系,并证明.【解决问题】如图4,在平面直角坐标系中,点C在x轴正半轴上,点B在y轴正半轴上,且AB=AC,点B到x 轴的距离为3.(1)点B的坐标为(0,3);(2)点P为射线CB上一点,过点P作PE⊥AC于E,点P到AB的距离为d,直接写出PE与d的数量关系为PE=3+d或3﹣d;(3)在(2)的条件下,当d=1,A为(﹣4,0)时,求点P的坐标.【分析】【数学阅读】由S△ABP+S△APC=×AB×(DP+PE),S△ABC=×AB×CF,再由面积相等即可证明;【推广延伸】由S△ABC+S△APC=×AB×(CF+PE),S△ABP=×AB×DP,再由面积相等即可求解;【解决问题】(1)由题意可直接求得;(2)由面积和差关系可求解;(3)由勾股定理可求AB的长,利用待定系数法可求直线BC解析式,分两种情况讨论,可求点P坐标.【解答】【数学阅读】证明:∵DP⊥AB,PE⊥AC,∴S△ABP=×AB×DP,S△APC=×AC×PE,∵AB=AC,∴S△ABP+S△APC=×AB×(DP+PE),∵CF⊥AB,∴S△ABC=×AB×CF,∵S△ABP+S△APC=S△ABC,∴PE+PD=CF;【推广延伸】PE+CF=DP,理由如下:连接AP,∵CF⊥AB,PE⊥AC,∴S△ABC=×AB×CF,S△APC=×AC×PE,∵AB=AC,∴S△ABC+S△APC=×AB×(CF+PE),∵DP⊥AB,∴S△ABP=×AB×DP,∵S△ABC+S△APC=S△ABP,∴PE+CF=DP;【解决问题】(1)∵点B在y轴正半轴上,点B到x轴的距离为3,∴OB=3,∴点B(0,3),故答案为:(0,3);(2)如图4,当点P在线段BC上时,过点P作PH⊥AB于H,∵S△ABC=S△ABP+S△ACP,∴AC×BO=AC×PE+AB×PH,∵AB=AC,点P到AB的距离为d,∴3=PE+d,∴PE=3﹣d;当点P在线段CB的延长线上时,过点P'作P'H⊥AB于H',∵S△ABC=S△ACP﹣S△ABP,∴AC×BO=AC×PE﹣AB×PH,∵AB=AC,点P到AB的距离为d,∴3=PE﹣d,∴PE=3+d,综上所述:PE=3+d或3﹣d,故答案为:PE=3+d或3﹣d;(3)∵点A为(﹣4,0),∴AO=4,∴AB===5,∴AB=AC=5,∴OC=1,∴点C(1,0),设直线BC解析式为:y=kx+3,∴0=k+3,∴k=﹣3,∴直线BC解析式为:y=﹣3x+3,当点P在线段BC上时,PE=3﹣d=2,∴当y=2时,x=,∴点P(,2);当点P在线段CB的延长线上时,PE=3+d=4,∴当y=4时,x=﹣,∴点P(﹣,4);综上所述:点P坐标为:(,2)或(,2).【点评】本题是三角形综合题,考查了等腰三角形的性质,勾股定理,三角形的面积公式,一次函数的应用,利用分类讨论思想解决问题是解题的关键.28.如图,直线l:y=2x﹣2与y轴交于点G,直线l上有一动点P,过点P作y轴的平行线PE,过点G作x轴的平行线GE,它们相交于点E.将△PGE沿直线l翻折得到△PGE′,点E的对应点为E′.(1)如图1,请利用无刻度的直尺和圆规在图1中作出点E的对应点E′;(2)如图2,当点E的对应点E′落在x轴上时,求点P的坐标;(3)如图3,直线l上有A,B两点,坐标分别为(﹣2,﹣6)(4,6),当点P从点A运动到点B的过程中,点E′也随之运动,请直接写出点E′的运动路径长为6.【分析】(1)过点E画PG的垂线,再以G为圆心,GE为半径画圆与垂线交点即为点E';(2)设直线l交x轴于点D,首先求出点C、D的坐标,利用平行线的性质和角平分线的定义得E'D=E'G,设点P的坐标为(a,2a﹣2),则可得点E的坐标为(a,﹣2),在Rt△OGE'中,利用勾股定理得:22+(a﹣1)2=a2,解方程即可;(3)分别过点A,B作y轴的平行线,与过点G垂直于y轴的直线分别交于点C,M,则点E在线段CM上运动,根据对称性知,点E'运动路径长度为CM的长,从而解决问题.【解答】解:(1)如图,点E'即为所求;(2)设直线l交x轴于点D,在y=2x﹣2中,当y=0时,x=1,当x=0时,y=﹣2,∴D(1,0),G(0,﹣2),∴OD=1,OG=2,由对称得:E'G=EG,∠EGD=∠E'GD,∵GE∥x轴,∴∠EGD=∠E'DG,∴∠E'GD=∠E'DG,∴E'D=E'G,∴E'D=EG,设点P的坐标为(a,2a﹣2),则可得点E的坐标为(a,﹣2),∴EG=E'D=a,∴OE'=E'D﹣OD=a﹣1,在Rt△OGE'中,由勾股定理得:22+(a﹣1)2=a2,解得a=,当a=时,2a﹣3=2×﹣2=3,∴P();(3)分别过点A,B作y轴的平行线,与过点G垂直于y轴的直线分别交于点C,M,则点E在线段CM上运动,根据对称性知,点E'运动路径长度为CM的长,∵A(﹣2,﹣6),B(4,6),∴CM=4﹣(﹣2)=6,∴点E'的运动路径长为6,故答案为:6.【点评】本题是一次函数综合题,主要考查了一次函数图象上点的坐标的特征,翻折的性质,勾股定理,尺规作图等知识,确定点E的运动路径长是解题的关键.。

人教版英语八年级上册-期末复习 专题01 补全对话

人教版英语八年级上册-期末复习 专题01 补全对话

【期末复习专题卷】人教版英语八年级上册专题01补全对话一、补全对话5选5补全对话。

A: Do you have a plan for your future, Kim?B: Yes, Lucy, I do.A: ___1___B: Well, I’m going to make the soccer team.A: ___2___B: I’m going to practice really hard. I plan to go to a summer camp and play soccer every day there.A: Sounds great!B: How about you, Lucy?A: I’m going to join the music club. ___3___B: Really? ___4___A: All over the world. I will give a lot of concerts.B: Good! ___5___A.How are you going to do that?B.I believe your dream must come true someday.C.What are you going to do?D.Where are you going to work?E.And I want to be a pop singer.二、句子配对句子配对三、补全对话6选5从所给选项中选出适当的选项补全对话, 有一项是多余的。

A: Hello. Who’s that?B: ___21___A: Hello, Jim. I’m going to have a party this Saturday. ___22___B: Yes, I’d love to. Where’s your new house, Linda?A: On Water Street. ___23___ I moved here last month.B: Would you like me to come early? I can help you get things-ready. A: ___24___ could you come at about four?B: OK. ___25___A: Oh, some friends. You know them. Would you like to bring someone? B: I would like you to meet my brother. Do you mind if I bring him? A: No. The more, the better.B: Thank you. Bye.A.I am Jim.B.Can you go to my party?C.Who will be there?D.It’s near a park.E.That would be nice.F.This is Jim speaking.根据对话内容及文后所给的选项补全对话。

专题01:字音与字形-2021-2022学年八年级语文下学期期末复习专题训练(解析版)

专题01:字音与字形-2021-2022学年八年级语文下学期期末复习专题训练(解析版)

专题01 字音与字形1.下列词语中加点字的注音有误的一项是()A.挂罥.(juàn)翩.翩(piān)邺城戍.(shù)B.塘坳.(ào)老妪.(yù)口称敕.(chì)C.两鬓.(bìn)突兀.(wù)辗.冰辙(niǎn)D.布衾.(jīn)幽咽.(yè)风怒号.(háo)【答案】D【详解】D.“布衾”的“衾”应读“qīn”。

故选D。

2.下面词语中加点字的读音,有误的一项是()A.腈.纶(qīng)凫.水(fú)不知所措.(cuò)B.蛮横.(hèng)翌.日(yì)正襟.危坐(jīn)C.睥睨.(nì)挑衅.(xìn)络绎.不绝(yì)D.不逊.(xùn)缄.默(jiān)强聒.不舍(guō)【答案】A【详解】A.腈.纶(qīng)——jīng,故选A。

2. 下列句子中加点字注音有误的一项是()A.山崖蓦.(mò)然变成牛皮鼓面了,只听见轰隆,轰隆,轰隆。

B.那时我的祖母虽然还健康,但母亲也分担了些家务,所以夏期便不能多日的归省.(shěng)了。

C.它还可以纠正自己的错误,继续保持它在冬季的缄.(jiān)默。

D.当它戛.(jiá)然而止的时候,世界出奇地寂静。

【答案】B【详解】B.有误,归省.(shěng)——(xǐng)。

3.下列各项中加点词的读音完全正确的一项是()A.行.辈(háng)诬蔑.(miè)剥削.(xuē)怒不可遏.(è)B.挚.爱(zhì)肇.事(zhào)堕.落(duò)模棱.两可(lèng)C.拙.劣(zhuó)锵.然(qiāng)沼.泽(zhǎo)三缄.其口(jiān)D.突兀.(wù)轧.(yà)钢卑鄙.(bì)销声匿.迹(nì)【详解】B模棱.两可(lèng)——(léng );C拙.劣(zhuó)——(zhuō);D轧.钢(yà)——(zhá),卑鄙.(bì)——(bǐ);故选A。

八年级下册物理期末考试模拟测试01(原卷版)

八年级下册物理期末考试模拟测试01(原卷版)

八年级下册物理期末考试模拟测试01(原卷版)初中物理(考试时间:90分钟试卷满分:100分)注意事项:1.测试范围:人教版八年级下册第712章。

2.g=10N/kg。

第Ⅰ卷选择题一、选择题(本题共16小题,每小题2分,共32分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的)1.如图所示,往吸管B中吹气,可以看到吸管A的水面上升,以下现象中涉及的原理与图中相同的是()A.将氢气球放手后,它会飘向空中B.汽艇能够停在空中一定高度处C.通过拍打窗帘清除它上面的灰尘D.站在列车站台上的安全线以外等车2.日常生活中,为了让同学们养成关注生活和社会的良好习惯,物理老师倡导同学们对身边一些常见物理量进行估测的实践活动,以下是他们交流时的一些估测数据,你认为数据最符合实际的是()A.一节物理课的时间约为40s B.一名普通中学生所受的重力大约为50NC.一只鸡蛋的质量约为50g D.我们现在所用的物理课本长度约为12cm 3.如图所示,在20N水平向右的力F作用下,重8N的物块静止在竖直墙面上,则物块受到的摩擦力大小为()A.8N B.12N C.20N D.28N4.体积完全相同的铜球、铁球和木球,放入盛水容器静止后如图所示,则三个小球所受浮力大小,下列说法正确的是()A.木球最大B.铁球最小C.铜球和铁球一样大D.条件不足,无法判断5.人造地球卫星是迄今为止人类发射数量最多、用途最广、发展最快的无人航天器,运行在环绕地球的椭圆轨道上。

当人造地球卫星从远地点向近地点运动的过程中()A.动能越来越小,重力势能越来越小B.动能越来越大,重力势能越来越大C.动能越来越大,重力势能越来越小D.动能保持不变,重力势能越来越小6.生活中处处有科学。

下列日常工具,在使用时属于省力杠杆的是()A.大铡刀B.筷子C.定滑轮D.钓鱼竿7.下列器材中,主要利用连通器原理工作的是()A.吸尘器B.液位计C.密度计D.注射器8.如图所示,是我国古代《墨经》最早记述了秤的杠杆原理(如图所示),此时杠杆处于平衡状态,有关它的说法错误的是()A.“标”“本”表示力臂,“权”“重”表示力B.“权”“重”增加相同的质量,A端会上扬C.增大“重”时,应把“权”向A端适当移动D.若将提纽O向B端移动一些,杆秤测量范围变大9.体积相同的甲、乙两个实心球,同时轻轻放入盛水的烧杯中,最终甲球悬浮在水中,乙球下沉入水底,则下列说法中正确的是()A.甲球受到的浮力小于重力B.乙球不受浮力C.甲球受到的浮力等于乙球受到的浮力D.甲球受到的浮力大于乙球受到的浮力10.如图所示,水平面上叠放着A、B两个物块,在水平方向的力F作用下,一起向左做匀速直线运动。

物理01卷(苏科版八年级下学)2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末考前必刷卷(考试版)A4

物理01卷(苏科版八年级下学)2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末考前必刷卷(考试版)A4

2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末考前必刷卷01物理(考试时间:90分钟试卷满分:100分)注意事项:1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。

答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答第Ⅰ卷时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。

写在本试卷上无效。

3.回答第Ⅱ卷时,将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

4.测试范围:苏科版八年级上册第6~10章。

5.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

6.g=10N/kg。

第Ⅰ卷选择题一、选择题(本题共12小题,每小题2分,共24分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的)1.下列关于质量的说法正确的是()A.从地球带到太空中的铅笔能“悬浮”于舱内,是由于质量变小了B.铁块熔化成铁水质量不变C.1千克铁比1千克的花质量大D.用粉笔在黑板上写字,手中粉笔体积变小了,但质量不变2.卢瑟福的a粒子轰击金箔实验推翻了汤姆生在1903年提出的原子结构模型,为建立现代原子理论打下了基础。

如图线条中,可能是a粒子在该实验中的运动轨迹,其中最能说明原子核带正电且质量较大的是()A.a B.b C.c D.d3.如图所示的是游客划船游玩时的场景,能使船前进的力的施力物体是()A.游客B.船C.桨D.水4.关于粒子和宇宙,下列说法中正确的是()A.宇宙是有层次的天体结构系统,是有起源、膨胀和演化的B.在质子、电子和原子中,尺度最小的是质子C.原子是由是质子和中子组成的D.炭笔画出的线放大后不连续,说明分子间有空隙5.小华利用支撑法找直尺的重心,当尺静止在手指上时,如图所示,下列说法正确的是()A.直尺受到的重力和手指对直尺的支持力是一对相互作用力B.直尺对手指的压力和手指对直尺的支持力是一对平衡力C.直尺受到的重力和直尺对手指的压力是一对相互作用力D.直尺受到的重力和手指对直尺的支持力是一对平衡力6.小明沿水平方向推箱子前行,推力为F,如图甲所示。

(外研社版)初中英语八年级上册期末测试01含答案解析

(外研社版)初中英语八年级上册期末测试01含答案解析

加油!有志者事竟成答卷时应注意事项1、拿到试卷,要认真仔细的先填好自己的考生信息。

2、拿到试卷不要提笔就写,先大致的浏览一遍,有多少大题,每个大题里有几个小题,有什么题型,哪些容易,哪些难,做到心里有底;3、审题,每个题目都要多读几遍,不仅要读大题,还要读小题,不放过每一个字,遇到暂时弄不懂题意的题目,手指点读,多读几遍题目,就能理解题意了;容易混乱的地方也应该多读几遍,比如从小到大,从左到右这样的题;4、每个题目做完了以后,把自己的手从试卷上完全移开,好好的看看有没有被自己的手臂挡住而遗漏的题;试卷第1页和第2页上下衔接的地方一定要注意,仔细看看有没有遗漏的小题;5、中途遇到真的解决不了的难题,注意安排好时间,先把后面会做的做完,再来重新读题,结合平时课堂上所学的知识,解答难题;一定要镇定,不能因此慌了手脚,影响下面的答题;6、卷面要清洁,字迹要清工整,非常重要;7、做完的试卷要检查,这样可以发现刚才可能留下的错误或是可以检查是否有漏题,检查的时候,用手指点读题目,不要管自己的答案,重新分析题意,所有计算题重新计算,判断题重新判断,填空题重新填空,之后把检查的结果与先前做的结果进行对比分析。

亲爱的朋友,你们好!经过两个月的学习,你们一定有不小的收获吧,用你的自信和智慧,认真答题,相信你一定会闯关成功。

相信你是最棒的!期末测试听力部分一、单项选择.(每小题1分,共15分)()1. —Who is ________ woman in red?—The one with ________ umbrella. She is my mother.A. the; aB. the; anC. a; anD. a; the()2. There are ________ teachers in our school, and ________ of them are women teachers.A. two hundred; three fourthB. two hundred; three fourthsC. two hundred; three fourthD. two hundreds; three fourths()3. We are very tired after working for 12 hours. Let’s ________ a rest.A. stop havingB. stop to haveC. stopped to haveD. stopping have()4. Be careful when you go ________ the road after school.A. acrossB. crossC. throughD. past()5. Mary, give ________, please.A. me to the photoB. the photo to meC. the photo for meD. me for the photo ()6. Look! Some paper is on the floor. Let’s ________.A. pick them upB. pick up themC. pick up itD. pick it up()7. There is ________ in the magazine. I won’t read it any more.A. something interestingB. interesting nothingC. interesting somethingD. nothing interesting()8. —Do you have any plan for this summer vacation?—I’m not sure. I ________ take a trip to Taiwan.A. MustB. needC. mayD. should()9. ________ my car is very old, I don’t want to buy a new one.A. AlthoughB. BecauseC. IfD. While()10. It is often sunny. However, now there is rain ________ in Xinjiang.A. at the same timeB. in timeC. from time to timeD. on time()11. —Why did the car hit the boy?—Because the driver ________ on the phone at that time.A. TalkB.is talkingC. was takingD. talks()12. The population of Shanghai is ________ than ________ of Tianjin.A. larger; itB. more; thatC. larger; thatD. more; it()13. The sports meeting games of 2020 will ________ in Tokyo.A. take outB. take offC. take placeD. take away()14. Mike, ________ play with the mobile phone while you are walking in the street.A. can’tB. doesn’tC. won’tD. don’t()15. —Don’t keep water running when you wash hands.—________.A. I hope soB. I’m afraid notC. Sorry, I won’tD. It’s nothing二、完形填空(每小题1分,满分20分)AMy friend Henry is a 16 and always having accidents. He does not pay attention 17 the time or think about the risk of an accident. One day, when Henry was cooking in a restaurant, a snake suddenly appeared and bit his hand. He was trying to pick it up when it 18 him again. He threw it across the kitchen, and it landed on a table and quickly 19 behind the fridge. He hurried to hospital because his hand began to hurt badly. 20 the doctors learnt what kind of snake bit him, they gave Henry the right medicine, and he left hospital the next day.A few days ago, a car 21 hit him round the corner of the road while he was on his way home. Henry was talking on the mobile phone and riding in the middle of the road 22 the traffic lights were changing to red. The car stopped just in time, but Henry 23 his bike and hurt his knee and was 24 for over a week.I always told him to be careful, but he did not listen to me. After the two accidents, he promised 25 my advice. Now he is very careful, I’m glad to say.()16. A. cook B. drive C. cooking D. cookers()17. A. to B. by C. on D. all()18. A. bite B. biting C. bit D. bites()19. A. hided B. climbed C. hid D. ran()20. A. As soon as B. As well as C. While D. Because()21. A. hardly B. nearly C. badly D. suddenly()22. A. until B. before C. while D. /()23. A. fall off B. fell over C. fell off D. fell down()24. A. in a hospital B. in the hospital C. on hospital D. in hospital()25. A. to take B. taking C. take D. not to takeBMy cousin Alex is a university student. Last year he went to China and stayed there 26 two months.I was 27 that Alex could take such a long holiday 28 he never had any money. But he told me that he got a job. It was to give 29 lessons to an owner of a small shop. In fact, I knew Alex couldn’t teach him well, but the owner 30 to practise his English. He had a lot of foreign customers, 31 it was very important for him to 32 English. Alex 33 three hours a day talking to him. In return the owner 34 Alex a room,three meals a day and 35 pocket money. When I asked if the owner learned much English, Alex said that he learned a lot of Chinese.()26. A. in B. after C. for D. before()27. A. angry B. surprised C. bored D. worried()28. A. because B. and C. that D. then()29. A. Chinese B. French C. German D. English()30. A. had B. wanted C. refused D. agreed()31. A. so B. till C. since D. or()32. A. say B. tell C. speak D. talk()33. A. used B. spent C. took D. paid()34. A. showed B. gave C. sent D. offered()35. A. a little B. much C. lots of D. a lot of三、阅读理解(每小题2分,共15小题,满分30分)AEvery school has notice boards(公告板). let’s see what is on the notice board of this school.()36. The ________ test is June 15.A. EnglishB. ChineseC. physicsD. chemistry()37. The next parent meeting is ________.A. at 6 p.m., June 22B. at 6 a.m., June 21C. at 7 p.m., June 22D. at 7 p.m., June 21()38. Students can do their homework ________ at school.A. from 3:30 pm to 4:30 pmB. from 4:30 pm to 5:30 pmC. from 3:30 pm to 5:30 pmD. from 4:30 pm to 6:00 pm()39. Students can ________ from 4:30 pm to 5:00 pm at school.A. do their houseworkB. play computer gamesC. do some readingD. do some sports()40. Which of the following is TRUE?A. The Chinese test is on June 13.B. The next parent meeting is in the gym.C. The after-school program is two hours every time.D. The after-school program is from Monday to Friday.BYou may have heard of MOOCs-Massive Open Online Courses(大规模在线开放课程).These courses are given by famous universities around the world. They are usually for university students or adults. But that’s changing. MOOCs are also for younger learners now.Mr. Wei is a teacher from a middle school in Qingpu district(区域,区). he opened several computer courses this year. He recorded his courses and put them on the Internet as a part of the “MOOCs go to middle school” project in China. Middle school students can now choose from those online courses and study by themselves outside school.Some teachers are worried. Although they can learn a lot from MOOCs, middle school students may not have enough time to take MOOCs outside the class.In November, 2012, a university in the U.S.A. opened the world’s first free middle school students, some from as far away as China, took the class. You see, time and distance are not problems for eager learners!()41. MOOCs are usually for ________ now.A. university studentsB. adultsC. teenagersD. almost all the learners()42. Middle school students take MOOCs ________.A. in tutoring(辅导)classesB. in school by InternetC. at school by InternetD. on the Internet at home()43. The underlined word “distance” means “________”in Chinese.A.年龄B.学段C.距离D.国籍()44. From the passage, we know ________.A. the “MOOCs go to middle school” project has been set up in ChinaB. only teachers from famous universities open courses on MOOCsC. middle school students don’t have enough time to take MOOCsD. the world’s first free MOOCs for college students was opened in 2012()45. From the passage, we know ________.A. New Courses at schoolB. Take Lessons on MOOCsC. MOOCs at schoolD. Project in ChinaCThe panda lives only in the mountain bamboo forests of Southwest China. There are only about 1,000 wild pandas left in the world. Pandas are members of the bear family. They wear a white coat with some black bands(条纹). Their favourite food is bamboo. However, if they are very hungry and cannot find bamboo, pandas may eat grass, fruits, or sometimes, small animals like chicken.Pandas do not live in groups. They only leave their home from March to May to look for mate(配偶). A mother panda usually has two babies once. Baby pandas are very small, pink and weigh about 140 grams when they are born. Mother pandas feed their babies with milk. A baby panda opens its eyes at six to seven weeks. It starts to learn how to walk when it is about three or four months old. Mother pandas look after their babies for about 18 months. Once the young is strong enough, it says goodbye to its mother and moves out to live by itself.根据短文内容,判断正(T)误(F)()46. Pandas live only in Southwest of China.()47. Pandas are members of the bear family.()48. According to the passage, pandas may eat bamboo, grass, chicken except dog.()49. A baby panda is white with black bands.()50. The passage tells us about how pandas feed their babies.四、根据对话内容,在每题的空白处填空,是对话内容完整。

人教版八年级下册英语期末真题卷01-(试卷配答案)

人教版八年级下册英语期末真题卷01-(试卷配答案)

Huge Yard SaleWhere: 214 US Highway 45 Indian Creek, Ⅱ 60061When: Sat, Jun. 26, 2021 10:00 a.m. - 3:00 p.m.Sun., Jun. 27, 2021 9:00 a.m. - 1:00 p.m.●Special Kobe Bryant Card .................................................................................................. $85Kobe Bryant Card goes for hundreds on eBay.●Sofa............................................................................................................................................... $756ft, light colored, clean and comfortable!●American girl dolls .................................................................................................................$25You can no longer buy one at any website (网站).●Schwin bike............................................................................................................................... $50Red painted. Small parts may need fixing.●Computer desk........................................................................................................................ $30Light wood computer desk with a keyboard tray (托盘).●Books..................................................................................................................................$10 eachThe Rainmaker by John GrishamThe Shadow of Your Smile by Mary Higgins Clark....Whoever passed it could get the job of an officer.Meng Jiao studied hard for the tests. He took them several times though each time he failed. It was until he was forty-six years old that he passed.To celebrate, Meng Jiao put on new clothes and worn red flowers. Then he rode on a horse through Chang'an City.During his ride, Meng Jiao wrote a poem. In English, it is "Horseback riding quickly through the spring wind, while seeing all the sights and flowers of Chang'an in one day." On that day, he was able to let go of the unhappiness of the past.The poem was passed down through the years. But people said it would be impossible to really enjoy everything in one day. This led to the phrase" The warm spring wind suits the good feeling." It describes how happy people are when things work out really well.6.How did Meng Jiao change his situation?A.By working as a farmer.B.By turning to an officer.C.By moving to Chang'an.D.By taking the Ke Ju exams. 7.What made Meng Jiao successful?A.Hard work.B.Great talent.C.Good luck.D.Big dreams.8.What did Meng Jiao do after he rode on a horse?A.Wrote a poem.B.Wore red flowers.C.Put on new clothes.D.Went out of Chang'an. 9.What is the meaning of the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?A.春风化雨B.春风得意C.寸草春晖D.妙手回春10.What is the best title for the text?A.China's official test B.A good paying jobC.Meng Jiao's happy ride D.A poem of Chang'an阅读理解If you looked into his messy yard in Austin, Texas, you might think Vince Hahnemann had forgotten to take out the rubbish for a few years. In fact, Vince has been collecting old kitchen things, bottles, street signs, bicycles, baskets, toilets and other objects people unwanted since 1989 - all for his "Cathedral (教堂) of Junk". The cathedral-like structure(教堂形建筑物), which began with a few pieces of rubbish, grew to be over two floors high and weighed over 60 tons:For many years, Vince's Cathedral of Junk was an amazing work of art. Inside thestructure, there were certain areas that visitors could walk through. Art lovers would perhaps wonder how all these objects had been brought together to make a piece of art. Old golf clubs, bike wheels and scarves were on the ceilings(天花板). Things of similar colors were grouped together, creating colorful walls.Tourists and fans visited the Cathedral of Junk every day. But Vince said he built it just for fun. He loved the fact that other people enjoyed it too. Tourists could bring kids and picnics. He even allowed people to get married or have parties there. Some people liked to bring their own rubbish to add to the Cathedral and think that was cool. But Vince didn't agree. He must find something interesting.Some people worried that the building was not safe. In June 2010, Vince finally decided to break the Cathedral down into smaller works of art. Visiting Vince's yard is still worth (值得的) the trip, though.11.Which of the following describes the Cathedral of Junk?A.It was six floors high.B.There were CDs on its ceilings.C.Vince started to build it in 2010.D.It was full of objects people unwanted.12.What could visitors do in the Cathedral of Junk?①Bring dogs. ②Have parties. ③Get married. ④Paint walls.A.①②B.②③C.①④D.③④13.What does the underlined word "that" refer to (指的是)?A.Building another Cathedral.B.Adding more to the Cathedral.C.Breaking down the Cathedral.D.Visiting the Cathedral every day. 14.What is the writer's opinion about the Cathedral of Junk?A.It was messy.B.It was not safe.C.It is not worth the trip.D.It was an amazing work of art. 15.What can we learn from the text?A.Life is short but art is long.B.Everyone can go on a trip at any time.C.It's important to protect the environment.D.One man's junk is another man's treasure.根据材料内容,从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项,使短文意思通顺、内容完整。

期末测试卷01八年级英语上册单元重难点易错题精练(人教版)含答案

期末测试卷01八年级英语上册单元重难点易错题精练(人教版)含答案

班级姓名学号分数2022-2023学年上学期人教版八年级英语期末测试卷01(时间:100分钟,满分:100分)第一部分选择题一、单项选择(本大题共15小题,每小题1分,共15分)1.Mom, I want to be ________ astronaut like Wang Yaping, the first Chinese woman astronaut. A.a B.an C.the D./2.Some people think they may keep them to themselves ________ they have problems. A.though B.so C.if D.until3.Let’s ask Lucy how to use the exercise app. She has much more ________.A.service B.experience C.information D.problems4.Please ________ the iPad. I’d like to watch my favorite program Happy Camp on it.A.turn on B.turn off C.turn down D.turn up5.—Shall we meet at the school gate at 10 a.m. tomorrow?—Oh, sorry. Let’s make it ________ time.A.other B.the other C.another D.others6.—________ I swim here?—I’m sorry. Children _______ swim alone here.A.Must , can’t B.May , must C.Can, mustn’t D.Can’t can7.Please______the rubbish into different litter bins according to the signs.A.puts B.put C.putting D.to put8.—____________ the dishes after dinner, Tony.—No problem, Mom.A.Washing B.Washes C.To wash D.Wash9.There are two _________ on the floor.A.basket of apples B.baskets of apple C.baskets of apples D.basket of apple 10.-will the invitations be sent to our guests?-In three days.A.How often B.How soon C.How long D.How far11.—I think washing hands every day is good________ our health.—Yes, I agree________you!A.to; to B.with ;to C.for; with D.at; with12.—Why are you in such a hurry,Mike?—There _______ an NBA basketball game in ten minutes.A.will be B.will haveC.is going to have D.are going to be13.We must do everything we can ________ our earth cleaner and safer.A.made B.to making C.make D.to make14.—Who do you think is ________ in Mulan?—Liu Yifei. I think she did ______ than any other actor or actress.A.creative,better B.more creative,worseC.the most creative,better D.the most creative,the worst15.—Let’s go to watch a tennis match this evening.—________.A.Thank you very much B.That sounds goodC.Have a good time D.It’s not very good二、完型填空(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)Birthdays are important in everyone’s life, especially (尤其) for children. For 365 days, children wait for that ___16___ day. On that day, they become one year older. Birthdays are also the best time to have a ___17___ with your friends and family. To ___18___ a meaningful and special birthday party, you need to ___19___ lots of things and you need to have enough time to get ___20___ ready. You may want most of your friends to come to the party because you want to share your happiness with them. The best way is to ___21___ birthday invitations to them. Birthday invitations will help them remember your birthday.You can buy birthday invitations in the ___22___ or on the Internet. Nowadays you can choose ___23___ many kinds of birthday invitations and send them to your friends. If you have time, you can make birthday invitations by ___24___. They show your effort(努力) to invite your friends. You can also draw your favorite pictures to make the birthday invitations more ___25___.16.A.available B.unusual C.educational D.famous17.A.holiday B.concert C.joke D.party18.A.have B.take C.ask D.leave19.A.prepare B.refuse C.question D.break20.A.something B.nothing C.everything D.anything21.A.send B.buy C.draw D.find22.A.office B.shop C.school D.bank23.A.at B.by C.from D.for24.A.itself B.herself C.himself D.yourself25.A.normal B.beautiful C.traditional D.serious三、阅读单选(本大题共15小题,每小题1分,共15分)ALet’s enjoy a movie!ZootopiaFrom a large elephant to a small mouse, animals live happily together in Disney’sZootopia.Language: EnglishRunning Time: 1 Hour and 30 MinutesPrice: Weekdays---$50 $25 (children under 6)Weekends---$60 $30 (children under 6)I’ve never imagined the movie is so interesting. There are 64 kinds of animals in it. After I watched the movie, I learned more about animals. I would highly recommend this movie to those animal lovers.—— JohnI have seen many cartoons of this kind, but this one is surprisingly funny and I love the sweet voice in it. My brother and I just couldn’t help laughing from the beginning to the end.—— David This movie is so well made. I went to see it with my 5-year-old son last Sunday afternoon. I love the beautiful music while my son loves the rabbit police officer Judy very much. It shows that small animals like her can also do serious work.—— Nancy 26.The poster shows that ________ is spoken in the movie.A.Japanese B.French C.English D.Chinese27.From the poster, we can know that the movie lasts ________.A.60 minutes B.90 minutes C.100 minutes D.120 minutes28.John likes this movie because of ________.A.the different kinds of animals B.the funny actorsC.the sweet voice D.the beautiful music29.It cost Nancy and her son ________ to watch the movie.A.$75B.$90C.$100D.$12030.According to the poster, the movie most probably tells a ________ story.A.frightening B.sad C.true D.funnyBI’m Ted. I’d like to tell you something about my birthday. Last Sunday was my 12th birthday. I planned to have a birthday party on Saturday night. I sent 50 invitations to my friends on Monday.About 25 people told me they would come. On Saturday afternoon, I went to the supermarket to buy some food and drinks. I came home at around 17:30. I was really glad my parents helped clean the house.The first person arrived at 18:00, and the others came later. Instead of the small number of 25, 40 people came. I didn’t have enough food or drinks for them, so I had to have a party in town.The party in town was fun. The music was beautiful. We danced for a long time. We were all very happy.The next day I spent my birthday with my parents. And I talked with my grandparents on the phone. l really had a great time.31.When was Ted’s birthday?A.last Friday.B.Last Saturday C.Last Monday.D.Last Sunday.32.What did Ted do on Saturday afternoon?A.He cleaned his house.B.He went to buy some food and drinks.C.He sent invitations to his friends.D.He cooked food for the party.33.How many people were sure to come to Ted’s party at first?A.40.B.18.C.25.D.50.34.Why did Ted have a party in town at last?A.Recause the party in town was fun.B.Because he didn’t plan to have a party at home.C.Because he didn’t have enough food or drinks for all guests.D.Because his parents didn’t want to have a party at home.35.What’s the best title of the passage?A.My Birthday Party B.My FriendsC.An Awful Birthday Party D.A Birthday PlanCAnger is a kind of feeling. Many things can make you angry. When your teacher gives you too muchhomework, when a friend borrow your favorite thing and then breaks it, when your team loses an important game, you may get really angry.Usually, your body will tell you when you are angry. For example, you breathe (呼吸) faster, your face turns red, and you may want to break something or hit (打) someone, but sometimes you hide your anger. For example, you are really angry, but you may keep it to yourself. The worst thing is to do nothing but keep quiet. The problem is that if you do this, you may get a headache or your stomach may get hurt.In fact, it’s normal for you to get angry sometimes. But anger must be let out in the right way. When you get angry, you can talk about it with other people and share your problems with them, such as your parents, a teacher, etc.If you talk about anger, those bad feelings can start to go away. So you are halfway to solving a problem just by talking to someone about it. Here are some other things you can do when you start to feel angry: talk to a good friend; count from 1 to 100; give someone a hug (拥抱); think about good things, etc.Remember that how you act when you are angry can make everything better or worse. It is not a good way to run away from your anger. You should always try to solve it.36.You may not get angry when ________.A.a friend breaks your favorite thing B.your parents don't let you watch TVC.your favorite basketball team wins the game D.There is too much homework on the weekend37.________ shows that you are angry.A.Speaking slowly B.Getting a cold C.Having a red face D.Trying to protect someone 38.What does the word “hide” in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese?A.隐藏B.爆发C.展示D.诉说39.According to the passage, you can do everything when you get angry EXCEPT________.A.talking to others B.counting numbersC.thinking about good things D.saying bad things to people around you40.What is the main purpose of the passage?A.To teach people how to share feelings.B.To show why people get angry.C.To help people understand bad feelings.D.To ask people to solve their anger actively.第二部分非选择题四、单词拼写(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)41.Thank you for_____________(打印) the article for me.42.Rick's dream is to t________ around the US and he can see a lot of great things there.43.Sam played computer games a lot. His mother was a________with him.44.She r_________his invitation to the tea party because she was really busy.45.I often ________ (摇动) the bottle before I drink juice.46.The weather is cool in ________ (秋天) and it’s nice to take a trip.47.The glass is full. Could you help me ________ (倒出) some water out of it?48.The ________ (环境) is getting worse and worse. We must do something for it.49.Let’s go to the ____________(音乐会) on Friday night.50.She felt u________ (沮丧)at the disappointing result.五、用所给单词的正确形式填空(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)51.Did Mary accept your ____________(invite)?52.David took my MP5 without ____________(ask)me.53.Mom is busy and you can help out with the party ____________(prepare).54.Linda is ____________(understand) and we all like to make friends with her.55.If you have problems,you shouldn't keep them to ____________(you).56.—I think people will have more free time in the future.—I ________ (agree) with you. They may spend more time working.57.It’s strange that the cake tastes ________ (salt) . I don’t like it.58.Sally wants to make some ________ (tradition) food for the foreign students.59.It’s ________ (possible) for my grandmother to shop online. She knows nothing about the Internet. 60.Mrs Smith is ________ (probable) in the teachers’ office,but I’m not sure.六、完成句子(本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分)61.周末她常和朋友去商场闲逛。

2022-2023期末考前必刷卷01(考试版)

2022-2023期末考前必刷卷01(考试版)

第1页 第2页………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○………………………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○………………… 学校:______________姓名:_____________班级:_______________考号:______________________2022-2023学年八年级英语上学期期末考前必刷卷01八年级英语(考试时间:120分钟 试卷满分:150分)注意事项:1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。

答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答第Ⅰ卷时,选出每小题答案后,用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。

写在本试卷上无效。

3.回答第Ⅱ卷时,将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

4.测试范围:人教Unit1-10。

5.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第Ⅰ卷 选择题评卷人得分一、听短对话选答语(共5分) 1.How often does the man exercise? A .Twice a week. B .Twice a year.C .Twice a month.2.When was Amy born? A .In 1992.B .In 1991.C .In 1994.3.What do they need to add to the eggs? A .Some coke.B .Some milk.C .Some honey.4.What does Tony want to be in the future? A .A pilot.B .A pianist.C .A teacher.5.Why can’t Mary go to a movie?A .Because she is too young.B .Because she is free.C .Because she has too much homework.评卷人得分二、听长对话选答案(共5分) 听材料, 回答下列各小题。

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