英国文学史分时期总结作家作品

英国文学史分时期总结作家作品(总

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英语文学史分时期总结作家作品

<Beowulf>贝奥武夫: th e national epic of the Anglo-Saxons

Epic史诗:long narrative poems that record the adventures or heroic deeds of a hero enacted in vast landscapes. The style of epic is grand and elevated.

. Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey

Artistic features:

1. Using alliteration头韵

Definition of alliteration: （定义）a rhetorical device, meaning some words in a sentence begin with the same consonant sound

2. Using metaphor 暗喻and understatement明抑暗扬的低调陈述

Definition of understatement: expressing something in a controlled way Understatement is a typical way for Englishmen to express their ideas

Geoffery Chaucer 杰弗里•乔叟1340~1400

(首创“双韵体”，英国文学史上首先用伦敦方言写作。约翰·德莱顿（John Dryden）称其为“英国诗歌之父”。代表作《坎特伯雷故事集》。)

The father of English poetry.

writing style: wisdom, humor, humanity.

① <The Canterbury Tales>坎特伯雷故事集：

first time to use ‘heroic couplet’(双韵体) by middle English

②<Troilus and Criseyde>特罗伊拉斯和克莱希德

③ <The House of Fame>声誉之宫

Medieval Ages’ popular Literary form: Romance(传奇故事)

Famous three：King Arthur亚瑟王

Sir Gawain and the Green Knight 高文爵士和绿衣骑士

Beowulf贝奥武甫

The Renaissance Period

A period of drama and poetry. The Elizabethan drama is the real mainstream of the English Renaissance.

Renaissance:文艺复兴（定义） the activity, spirit, or time of the great revival of art, literature, and learning in Europe beginning in the 14th century and extending to the 17th century, marking the transition from the medieval to the modern world.

Three historical events of the Renaissance – rebirth or revival:

1. new discoveries in geography and astrology

2. the religious reformation and economic expansion

3. rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture

The most famous dramatists:

Christopher Marlowe 马洛

William Shakespeare 莎士比亚

1. Edmund Spenser埃德蒙•斯宾塞1552~1599

（后人称之为“诗人的诗人”。）The poets’ poet.The first to be

“Fierce wars and faithfull loves”.

Artistic features:

1. Using Spenserian Stanza

Definition of Spenserian Stanza:a stanza of nine lines ababbcbcc. Eight lines in iambic pentameter, and last line in iambic hexameter.

② <The Shepherds Calendar>牧人日历

The theme is to lament over the loss of Rosalind.

③ <Amoretti>爱情小唱

2. Thomasl More托马斯•莫尔1478~1535

One of the greatest English humanists

①<Utopia>乌托邦n

3. Francisl Bacon弗兰西斯•培根1561~1626

（哲学家、散文家；在论述探究知识的著作中提出了知识就是力量这一著名论断；近代唯物主义哲学的奠基人和近代实验科学的先驱。）

Philosopher, scientist, lay the foundation for modern science. The first English

Writing style:brevity, compactness&powerfulness, well-arranging and enriching by Biblical allusions, metaphors and philosophy to man’s reason.

ways adopted by different people to pursue studies.

4. Christopherl Marlowe柯里斯托弗•马洛1564~1595

“University Wits”, the pioneer of English drama

（完善了无韵体诗。）

Blank verse: written in unrhymed iambic pentameter.

①<The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus>浮士德博士的悲剧（根据德国民间故事书写成）

②<Tamburlaine>帖木耳大帝n

③<The Jew of Malta>马耳他的犹太人

5. William Shakespeare威廉•莎士比亚1564~1616l

①Historical plays: Henry VI ; Henry IV : Richard III ; Henry V ；Richard II；Henry VIII