2019-2020学年高二英语人教版必修5专项训练：语法填空word版含答案

语法填空
1、
C. V. Raman, a great Indian physicist, was born in 1888. His father was a
lecturer in math and physics, so C. V. Raman was exposed ①__________ scientific things from an early age. He ②__________ (attend) Presidency College in 1902,
getting his BA in 1904 and MA in 1907. Though he was a brilliant student,there
weren’t many ③__________ (chance ) for scientists in India at that time. ④
__________, after finishing his studies, he went to work for the Indian Finance
Department and carried out his experimental research on acoustics(声学).
He ⑤__________ (offer) a professorship in physics at the University of
Calcutta in 1917 and stayed for the next 15 years, ⑥__________ (achieve) fame for his research there. In 1930, he won the Nobel Prize for his work on the scattering
of light. Raman found ⑦__________ light passes through a transparent (透明的)sample of a substance, most of the light remains unchanged but a small part of
it has ⑧__________ (differ) wavelengths. This later is ⑨__________ (know) as the Raman effect and is useful for physical and chemical ⑩__________ (analyse) of gases, liquids and solids, including biological tissue.
2、
Over 6,000 people die every day because they have drunk water that is not safe. And many of those are 1 (child). In the UK we take clean drinking water
for granted. However, one billion people in Africa are not so 2 (luck).
Women and girls suffer as they are sent on long journeys each day to find water 3
(drink). Often the water is not safe and carries waterborne diseases such as typhoid (伤寒），cholera (霍乱），E-coli and salmonella(沙门氏菌).
These cause diarrhea (腹泻）that is the 4 (big) killer of people in the world. But 5 idea by a Danish inventor makes water from most sources pure enough
to drink. The invention 6 (call) The LifeStraw.
When water is sucked up through the plastic straw, it 7 (pass)
through seven types of filter (过滤器） 8 remove dirt, bacteria, viruses
and parasites(寄生虫).
The LifeStraw also improves the taste of the water. Each straw will cost about ￡2.
85 and should provide one adult 9 enough clean water for a year.
The LifeStraw is 10 (real) a very good invention. Cheap as it seems, will people in poorer countries be able to afford it? Will it stop women and girls
having to walk long distances to fetch water?
3、
In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible ①__________(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and ②__________work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, ③__________(lay) the track and then building a strong roof
over ④__________top. When a ll those had been clone, the road surface was replaced.
Steam engines ⑤__________( use) to pull the carriages and it must have been ⑥__________(fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.
However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months,
more than 25,000 people were using ⑦__________every day.
Later, engineers ⑧__________(manage ) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels(隧道), which became known as the Tube. This development was only
possible with the ⑨__________( introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts.
The Central London Railway was one of the most ⑩__________(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.
4、
Do you like traveling? Staying①( health)
while②(travel) can help to ensure your trip is a happy and enjoyable one. ③ you travel abroad, here are the tips you need to make your
trip much ④(easy)：
Make sure you have got a signed passport (护照）and visa. Also，before you go, fill in the emergency information page of your passport! Make two copies of your passport identification page. This will help a lot if your passport⑤
(steal). Leave one copy at home with friends or relatives. Carry the other⑥you in a separate place from your passport.
Read the Public Announcements or Travel Warnings for the countries you plan to visit. Get yourself familiar with local laws and customs of the countries to
⑦you are traveling.
Leave a copy of your itinerary (旅行口程）with family members or friends at home so that you can be contacted in case of an emergency. Do not accept packages
from strangers.
Do not carry too much money or⑧(necessary) credit cards. If
you make enough⑨( prepare), we will succeed. Have ⑩
good time!
5、
Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese ①__________ (dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners ②
__________come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap③__________can be to eat out. I still remember ④__________(visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I ⑤__________(shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
While regularly eating out seems to⑥__________(become) common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost. The obvious one is money;
eating out once or twice a week may be ⑦__________ (afford) but doing this most
days adds up. There could be an even ⑧__________(high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in ⑨__________(weigh) problems.
If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home ⑩__________dinner, get a few cooking tips from her.
Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.
6、
Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It①__________(be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it
②__________(actual) caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one
of③__________ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.
But the river wasn’t changed in a few days④__________ seven a few months. It took years of work⑤__________(reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is⑥__________(clean) than ever.
Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit⑦__________ is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don't know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation,
don't you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?
While there are⑧__________(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the⑨__________(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be⑩__________(patience).
7、
You don't have to be a superhero to help the environment. Even small,
69_______ (simply) actions can add up to big changes. People around the world will celebrate Earth Day 70______ April 22. But anyone — including kids —
can work to help the Earth at any time. TFK t alked to Amariyanna "Mari" Copeny about 71________ she is protecting the planet. Amariyanna "Mari" Copeny has another nickname: Little Miss Flint. Mari, 10, lives in Flint, Michigan. Since 2014, Flint residents 72________ (be) without clean drinking water. That is when the water gets
73_________ (pollute) with lead. As a result of lead poisoning, children in Flint have suffered from health problems.
"We knew that the water wasn’t good," Mari told TFK Kid Reporter.
"74________ we had no idea just how had it was and that it was making us sick."
Mari has worked hard 75_________ (spread) awareness of Flint’s water crisis by
76_________ (organize) fundraisers and other events. In 2016, she —inspired then — president Barack Obama to visit 77__________ (she) hometown.
Never let anyone tell you that your voice doesn't matter, Mari says. "It may not always be easy, but you will find adults 78_________ support you and want to hear what you have to say."
8、
As I write this I'm sitting on a bus back to Santiago in Chile where I am now
working ①__________ a language assistant. I've just spent a weekend in a city
called La Serena,north of Santiago. I was lucky enough to see the flowering desert, a natural phenomenon(现象) that ②__________ (occur) around every five years here
in the Atacama Desert.
③__________ ( follow ) a particularly large amount of rainfall earlier, a
④__________ ( vary ) of flowers come into blossom. Bright purple flowers create
⑤__________ unbelievably beautiful scene at the base of the surrounding mountains.
⑥__________ (catch) the sight of this great treasure of nature, we took a
bus from La Serena to a nearby town and then rented a car to go to the desert. What
we saw did not disappoint us, and as expected it was even more amazing than the
pictures we ⑦__________ ( see ) online. The bloom was particularly ⑧__________ ( impress) this year due to the strong presence of El Nino ( a band of warm water
developed in the Pacific Ocean that changes the temperatures and increases the
rainfall in certain areas). The vast carpet of colour ⑨__________ spread into the distance towards the striking green hills was ⑩__________ ( simple ) wonderful and deserved a large amount of photos! A real reminder of the beauty our planet can
provide.
9、
According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years ①_________ (long) than non-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long ②_________ (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce
your risk of ③_________ (die) early by running. While running regularly can't
make you live forever, the review says it ④_________ (be) more effective at lengthening life ⑤_________ walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors
of the review also made a study published in 2014 ⑥_________ showed a mere five
to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths
from all ⑦_________ (cause).
The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise…it's probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to ⑧
_________ (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always ⑨_________ (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so
perhaps we should all give ⑩_________a try.
10、
First aid is of 1_________ (important) in our life. There is no
doubt 2_________ it is necessary to know some knowledge of first aid as dangers
lie everywhere and accidents happen from time to time. If a person has an accident, he needs medical care before a doctor can 3__________ (find). But in the process of first aid, 4__________ the injured will be properly
treated 5__________ (depend) on your knowledge of first aid.
As 6_________ famous journalist, Yan Song leads a very simple life. But he not
only has a good nose 7_________ news, but also has 8__________ (admire) professional first aid skills, because he thinks if we know 9_________ about first aid, perhaps a life can be saved.
Everybody should know some first aid in order to save other people's lives. Let’s take delight in10___________ (acquire) skills of first aid.
答案以及解析
1答案及解析：
答案：1. to2. attended3. chances4. Therefore5. was offered6. achieving7. when8.
different9. known10. analysis/analyses
解析：
本文是一篇记叙文,主要介绍了著名的印度物理学家 C. V. Raman。

1. to 考査固定搭配exposed sb. to sth.意为"使某人接触某物,使某人体验某物",此处是其被动形式,故填to。

2. attended 考査时态。

由句中的时间状语可知应用一般过去时。

3. chances 考査名词复数。

根据空前的many可知,此处要用名词的复数形式。

4. Therefore 考査副词。

根据语境可知,上下文之间是因果关系,故填Therefore。

5. was offered 考査动词的时态和语态。

根据语境可知,此处表示"他被提供",而且是发生在过去的事情,所以要用一般过去时的被动语态。

6. achieving 考查非谓语动词。

分析句子结构可知,He 与achieve之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,故此处需用动词-ing形式作伴随状语。

7. when 考査状语从句。

分析句子结构可知,空处引导时间状语从句,故填when。

8. different 考查词形转换。

分析句子结构可知,此处要用形容词修饰名词wavelengths。

9. known 考査非谓语动词。

be known as"作为......而出名",为固定用法,故填known。

10. analysis/analyses 考査词形转换。

根据空前的形容词和空后的可知,此处要用名词形式。

2答案及解析：
答案：children；lucky；to drink；biggest；an；is called；passes；that/which；with；really
解析：1. 〔提示:考査名词复数,根据前面的many可知，child 要用复数形式。

〕
2. 〔提示：考查形容词。

所填的同做表语.所以用形容词形式。

〕
3. 〔提示：考査非谓语动词。

此处为find sth. to do结构，所以用动词不定式。

〕
4. 〔提示：考杳最高级。

根据前面的the可知.big要用最高级。

〕
5. 〔提示:考查冠词。

idea是以元音音素开头的单数可数名词，此处是泛指，所以填an。

〕
6. 〔提示:考查语态。

call和invention为动宾关系，所以用被动语态。

〕
7. 〔提示：考査时态。

主语是it.时态是一般现在时，所以用 passes。

〕
8. 〔提示：考査定语从句。

所填的同引导定语从句并在从句中做主语，所以用
that/which。

〕
9. 〔提示：考査介词。

provide…with…表示“给.....提供.....”。

〕
10.〔提示:考查副词。

根据句子结构可知用副词形式。

〕
3答案及解析：
答案：crowds; from; laying; the; were used; fairly; it; managed; introduction;
successful
解析：
1. crowds本题考查名词。

avoid'‘避免”后可跟名词或动名词作宾语。

因为此空前有形
容词terrible修饰,故排除动名词形式;crowd 作“人群”解时，为可数名词,故需用复数形式。

2. from本题考查介词。

由语境可知此处指“上下班(to and from work) ”。

ying本题考查动名词作宾语。

由上文中的included digging和下文的and then building可知,此处为并列的动名词作included的宾语。

4. the本题考查冠词。

此处表特指, 故需用定冠词修饰名词。

5. were used本题考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。

主语Steam engines和use之间为被动关系,且由上文语境和下文的must have been可知叙述的是过去发生的事,故需用一般过去时的被动语态;又因主语是名词的复数形式,故be动词需用were。

6. fairly本题考查副词。

修饰形容词unpleasant需用副词形式,故填fairly。

7. it本题考査代词。

此处指代上文中提到的the railway,需用代词it。

8. managed本题考查动词的时态。

此处叙述的是过去的事情,需用一般过去时,故答案为动词的过去式。

9.introduction本题考查名词。

由空前的定冠词可知,此处:用名词形式,动问introduce去“e”加后缀-tion构成名词形式。

10.successful本题考查形容词。

由句意“伦敦中心地铁是这些新铁路线中最成功的线路之一……”可知句子的主干为主系表结构,此处为形容词作表语,the most暗示了答案。

4答案及解析：
答案：healthy traveling Before easier is stolen
With which unnecessary preparations a
1.healthy解析：healthy〔提示：stay在本句中为系动词，故设空处需用形容词，答案为_healthy〕
2.traveling〔提示：while doing sth.为状语从句的省略表达。

句意为“旅行时保持健
康能够帮助确保你的旅行快乐、有趣”。

〕
3.Before：提示:木句屮设空处在句首，故判断设空处应为从属连词;下文内容为出国旅行前的一邺窍门.故设空处应填 Before。

〕
4.easier〔提:句意为“在你出国旅游前，这里有你需要的可以使你的旅行变得更加容易
的窍门”。

much修饰比较级。

〕
5.is stolen〔提示：主句是一般将来时，if引导的条件状语从句的时态应为一般现在
时^your passport与steal之间为被动关系.故用被动语态。

〕
6.with提不：短语carry sth. with sb.意为“某人随身带着某物”。

〕
7.which〔提示：“ to you are traveling”为定语从句，先行countries表示“事物”，在定语从句中作介词 to的宾语，介词已被提前，故用which引导。

〕
8.Unnecessary〔提示：句意为“不要带太多的钱和不必要的信用卡”。

unnecessary不必要的。

〕
9.preparations〔提示：enough 后需用名词形式，preparation (准备工作）为可数名同，常用复数形式，故答案为 preparations。

〕
10.A(示：have a good time 玩得开心 )
5答案及解析：
答案：dishes; who/that; it; visiting; was shocked; have become; affordable; higher; weight; for
解析：
作者描述了人们喜欢在外面吃饭的现象,分析了其对身体和花费的不良影响,建议我们在家
做饭。

1. 考查名词。

此处指中国菜,表示泛指应该用名词复数,故填dishes。

2. 考查关系代词。

句中包含定语从句,先行词是westerners指人,在定语从句中做主语,用关系代词who/that引导,故填who/that。

3. 考查it用法。

句子为感叹句,正常语序应该是it can be how cheap to eat out.其中不定式to eat out是真正主语,it是形式主语。

故填it。

4. 考查动词形式。

此处指我记得去拜访一个在这里住了五年的朋友,表示记得做过某事用remember doing sth.,故填visiting。

5. 考查时态和语态。

此处表示我被震惊了。

shock的主语是I,两者关系是被动,动作发生在过去。

故填was shocked。

6. 考查动词时态。

根据时间状语in recent years可知,用现在完成时,seems to后用动词原形,故填have become。

7. 考查形容词。

此处表示一周一两次外出吃饭是负担得起的。

系动词be后用形容词作表语,表示“负担得起的”,故填affordable。

8. 考查形容词比较级。

此处修饰名词cost用形容词,even表示程度,修饰比较级,故填higher。

9. 考查名词。

此处指体重问题,用名词修饰problems,故填weight。

10. 考查介词。

表示去母亲家去吃饭,表示去向、目的用介词for,故填for。

6答案及解析：
答案：was; actually; the; or; to reduce; cleaner; that/which; amazing; changes;
patient
解析：
1.考查谓语动词。

前句有时间状语In 1969,因此描述的是过去的情况。

应用一般过去时,本空填was。

2.考查词形转换。

空格在动词前,应用副词修饰,本空填actually。

3.考查冠词。

后面有形容词的最高级,因此该空填定冠词the。

4.考查连词。

本句为否定句,故用or连接两个并列成分。

5.考査非谓语动词。

本句是It took…to do sth.句型,因此本空填不定式to reduce。

6.考查形容词的比较级。

空后的than ever暗示空处应填形容词的比较级cleaner。

7.考查定语从句。

本句含有定语从句,先行词为 a habit,指物,在从句中作主语,应填关系代词that/which。

8.amazing考查词形转换。

本空在名词之前,应用形容词作定语。

amazing"惊人的",修饰名词stories。

9.changes考查名词。

本句为主系表结构,空格后的are gradual暗示本空填名词复数changes。

10.patient考査词形转换。

本句为祈使句。

在系动词be后应用形容词作表语, 因此本空填patient。

7答案及解析：
答案：
1.客观填空 simple
2.客观填空 on
3.客观填空 how
4.客观填空 have been
5.客观填空 polluted
6.客观填空 But
7.客观填空 to spread
8.客观填空 organizing
9.客观填空 her
10.客观填空 who/that
解析：
1.考查形容词。

所填的词修饰名词,所以用形容词形式。

2.考查介词。

表不在具体的某一天要用介词on。

3.考查名词性从句。

根据句意知,此处表方式,所以填how。

4.考査时态。

根据Since 2014可知,此处用现在完成时。

5.考査语态。

water和pollute为动宾关系,所以用过去分词。

6.考查连词。

根据语意可知,上下文是转折关系.所以填But。

7.考查非谓语动词。

此处做状语,所以用动词不定式。

8.考査非谓语动词。

by是介词,后接动词时要用ing形式。

9.考査代词。

所填的词修饰名词,所以用形容词性物主代词。

10.考查定语从句。

先行同是表示人的名词,关系词在从句中做主语,所以填who/that。

8答案及解析：
答案：1. as2. occurs3. Having followed4. variety5. an6. To catch7. had seen8.
impressive9. that/which10. simply
解析：
本文属于记叙文,讲述了作者在智利看到了开花的沙漠这一壮丽的自然景象。

1. as 考査介词。

此处表示"我"作为一名语言助手现在在智利工作。

2. occurs 考査时态和主谓一致,此处表示"我"幸运地看到了开花的沙漠,这是大约每五年发生一次的自然现象。

大约每五年出现一次是一种客观规律,且主语为第三人称单数,故用occurs。

3. Having followed 考査非谓语动词。

与逻辑主语flowers是逻辑上的主谓关系,结合句中的earlier可知应用动词-ing形式的完成式作状语。

4. variety 考查词形转换。

根据空前的a和空后的of 可知,此处要用vary的名词形式。

a variety of "各种各样的"。

5. an 考查冠词。

scene作"景象"讲时为可数名词,此处为其单数形式,表示某一种景象,故空处应用不定冠词;且unbelievably的发音以元音音素开头,故用an。

6. To catch 考查非谓语动词此处表示为了看到这壮丽的大自然的瑰宝,所以用不定式表示目的。

7. had seen 考查时态。

由语境可知,此处表示see这一动作发生在过去的过去,故应用过去完成时。

8. impressive 考查形容词。

根据空前的was和副词可知,此处需要用所给词的形容词作表语。

9. that/which 考查定语从句。

空处引导定语从句,在从句中作主语,指代先行词The vast carpet of colour。

10. simply 考査副词。

空处修饰形容词wonderful,故要用副词。

9答案及解析：
答案：
1.客观填空 longer
2.客观填空 to see
3.客观填空 dying
4.客观填空 is
5.客观填空 than
6.主观填空 that/which
7.客观填空 causes
8.客观填空 strengthen
9.客观填空 energetic
10.客观填空 it/running
解析：
1. 考查副词的比较级。

句中有than,故用long的比较级 longer。

2. 考查非谓语动词。

本句有谓语,因此此处应用非谓语动词; 分析句子结构及句意可知,此处应用动词不定式to see作目的状语。

3. 考查非谓语动词。

短语reduce one’s risk of."降低某人……的风险",此处介词后用动词-ing形式作宾语。

4. 考查动词的时态。

本文介绍了跑步的好处,通篇以一般现在时为主。

本句宾语从句与主句的时态应保持一致,故用一般现在时;且宾语从句的主语为it,故用is。

5. 考查介词。

根据句中的more可知,此处应用介词than引出比较对象。

此处表示跑步比散步、骑行或游泳更能有效地延长寿命。

故填than。

6. 考查定语从句。

分析句子结构可知,此处引导定语从句,先行词为 a study,且定语从句缺少主语,故填关系代词that/ which。

7. 考查名词复数。

此处cause是可数名词,意为"原因",句的all表示"所有",后应用可数名词的复数形式,故填causes。

8. 考查词形转换。

分析句子结构可知,此处为动词不定式作目的状语,故空填动词strengthen,意为"增强,加强"。

9. 考查形容词。

and连接两个并列分句，两个分句都表示跑步的特征,and前的cheap和easy 均为形容词,故此处应用形容词energetic作表语,意为"需要能量的。

剧烈的"。

10. 考查固定搭配。

give it a try为固定搭配,意为"试一试",根据语境知,it指代running,故可填it或running。

10答案及解析：
答案：
1.客观填空 importance
2.客观填空 that
3.客观填空 be found
4.客观填空 whether
5.客观填空 depends
6.客观填空 a
7.客观填空 for
8.客观填空 admirable
9.客观填空 something
10.客观填空 acquiring
解析：
1. 考查名词。

表示“重要的”可以用形容词important，或者用be of后加同根名词形式，故填 importance。

2. 考査固定句型。

There is no doubt that...表示“……是毫无疑问的”，故此空应填that。

3. 考查被动语态。

前面的名词doctor和 find之间是被动关系，应用被动形式，且can 是情态动词，其后be动词要用原形,故填be found。

4. 考查主语从句。

根据句意此处需要表示“是否”的连接词,又因为引导的是主语从句,故填 whether。

5. 考查动词短语。

depend on意为“依靠，取决于”,又根据本句时态判断应用一般现在
时,因为主语是从句，故填depends。

6. 考查冠词。

journalist是可数名词,此处为单数形式,故填不定冠词a。

7. 考查介词。

have a nose for表示“对......敏感”，故填for。

8. 考查形容词。

admire的形容词形式为 admirable，意为“出色的，值得称赞的”,故填admirable。

9. 考査代词。

此处表示“如果我们知道一些与急救有关的知识的话,就有可能挽救一个生命”，故填something。

10. 考査动名词。

因为前面是介词in，不难判断，要用名词或动名词形式做宾语，故填acquiring。