初三中考英语阅读理解专题之细节题解题技巧讲义教案(含练习答案)

学员编号：年级：课时数：
学员姓名：YYY 辅导科目：英语学科教师： XX 授课类型T xxx
星级
教学目标1、
2、
（建议2-5分钟）
你知道什么叫新闻中的5个W，一个H吗？
开动脑筋，想想吧！
Keys:
什么事（What,何事）？
谁被牵连到这个事件之中（Who,何人）？
这个事件是什么时候发生的（When,何时）？
是在什么地方发生的（Where,何地）？
为什么发生这个事件（Why, 何故）？
有的还要加上一个H（How,怎么样）？
批注：在我们做阅读的时候，很多细节题就考这5个W，一
个H哦！所以在阅读过程中，最好用笔标出，这会为之后的
做题节约很多时间。

（建议5-10分钟）
有关阅读最基本的要求是“能从一般性文章中获取和处理主要信息”。

对这种“获取和处理主要信息”能力的考T 阅读理解之细节题解题技巧
1
查，主要采用的方式就是细节判断。

这类题在阅读理解题中占据半壁江山，做好这类题是确保基础分的关键。

同时，弄清细节，正确获取信息，也是把握文章主旨的前提。

因此，要特别重视做好这类题。

较难细节题题干常见的问句形式
1)True or NOT true 是非判断类型Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? Which of
the following statements is NOT true? Which of the following i s NOT considered as……? According to the passage，which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the reasons for……?
2)特殊疑问词提问类型How many……?What/who/when/where/how/why……?
3)排序题类型Which of the orders is correct according to the passage?
4)例证题类型The auth or gives the example in……paragraph in order to ……
5) 表唯一细节概念题类型：……the most / ~est …………the only ……
解题技巧：
一：通读短文，领会文章大意，理解文章结构层次及细节，特别注意：
1. 五个W （who ，which ，when ，where ，what ）和一个H （how ）；
2. 数字、日期、时间等；
3. 注意加强语气的词。

然后运用排除法排除不符合原文细节的选项，剩下的就是要选择的最佳答案。

二：定位题干中的关键词，按词索骥，答案一般就在关键词所在的那句话中。

如果不在，也不要着急，耐心的把那句话前面一句或者后面一句看下，答案应该就在那里了！
（建议15-25分钟）
一：2012年中考题
A.Choose the best answer（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案): ( 12分)
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Dear Disney,
Last weekend, the four members of my family spent an enjoyable holiday at the Magic
Kingdom - Disneyland. And one event made our visit seem truly magical.
We got to the front of the line at Space Mountain, only to find out that
our little daughter Gloria couldn't take her ice-cream on the ride. We were so
excited that we all forgot ice-cream was not allowed on the ride.
Gloria broke into tears and we all had no idea what to do. Then Murphy,
one of the staff(员工) members, came over. She bent down and told Gloria
that she would hold the ice-cream for her and give it to her when she
finished the ride. Gloria said, "Promise?" Then she gave Murphy her
ice-cream, and she completely enjoyed the ride.
Sure enough, as we walked out the exit, there was Gloria's new friend with "her" ice-cream.
Now you and I both know what happened, because we know that an ice-cream won't last twenty
minutes on a summer afternoon in Florida. Murphy knew' what time we would get off the ride;
she went to the nearest shop and bought a brand-new ice-cream thirty seconds before we walked
out the exit. Gloria said, "Thank you," but I'm sure she thought it was the same ice-cream.
We know that someone tried hard to make our visit special. Thanks so much for going
above and beyond!
Your fan,
Carmen Rivera
74. The family's visit to the Magic Kingdom was ________.
A) helpful B) awful C) frightening D) amazing
分析：细节题，从文章第一段“one event made our visit seem truly magical”，从magical的意思可以选出D选项。

75. Before the ride, Gloria cried because _________.
A) she couldn't find her parents in the line
B) she was too little to take the ride
C) she couldn't take her ice-cream on the ride
D) she had to wait for twenty minutes
分析：细节题，从文章的第二段，“Gloria couldn't take her ice-cream on the ride”可以选出C选项。

76. Murphy was waiting for Gloria ___________ after the ride.
A) in the ice-cream shop B) at the exit
C) in the front of the line D) at the entrance
分析：细节题，从文章的第四段“as we walked out the exit”可以选出B的选项。

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Cassie looked at her watch. It was nearly nine o'clock. She climbed out of bed and stood on a chair by the shelf. Her mother's Mr Fix-It Book was on the top shelf. Cassie stepped down quietly. She read the book
quickly until she found the page she was looking for. and then began to read
carefully.
Next, Cassie opened a box in the kitchen and picked out the tools she
needed —a hammer, a wrench, and several small things, it was no easy job for her to do the
repair, and she tried several times. Finally, the water tap was in pieces. One by one. she carefully laid them out on the table. That way she would know how they went back. While this was going on. her cat walked over to watch what she was doing.
Cassie worked late into the night. At one point, she thought she was done. Oops! A small piece that she had forgotten still lay on the table. Slowly Cassie took the water tap apart (分开) one more time. This time she made sure everything was in place. She turned the water tap on and then off. One... two... three... She waited a full minute. There was no leak! Cassie smiled and put the tools back into the box. Then she went back into bed.
The next morning. Dad was in the kitchen when Cassie got up.
"Notice anything. Dad?" she asked.
He looked around and listened. "Hmm. something's missing... I can't find out what it is... Wait, it's too quiet in here!"
"That's right," Cassie said. "Something is missing. I fixed the water tap. It doesn't leak any more”
"Thai's my girl," Dad said. "It’s a.good thing you are really like your mother."
78. The noise of_________ was driving Cassic crazy.
A) the tap B) her cat C) her father D) the clock
【参考答案】A
【测量目标】细节题
【难度等级】简单
【思路解析】本文第一句话：The waier lap was leaking (漏水) again, and the noise was driving Cassie crazy.
80. Cassie took the water tap apart again because_________________.
A) she had forgotten one piece B) the tap was still leaking
C) the cat had taken one piece away D) she hadn't understood the book
【参考答案】A
【测量目标】细节题
【难度等级】中等
【思路解析】从第四段的第三句和第四句可以得出答案：A small piece that she had forgotten still lay on the table. Slowly Cassie took the water tap apart (分开) one more time.
81. The water tap wasn't fixed until_____________.
A) nine o'clock B) late that night C) the next morning D) the next afternoon
【参考答案】B
【测量目标】细节题
【难度等级】中等
【思路解析】从第四段的第一句可以得出答案：A small piece that she had forgotten still lay on the table. Slowly Cassie took the water tap apart (分开) one more time. 此题考查的是时间，那么去文章中找的时候，可以看到ABC都出现过，一定要耐心的分析每个时间Cassie都做了什么。

91. In the end, __________fixed the water tap.
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A) Cassie's mother B) Cassie's father C) Mr. Fix-It D) Cassie
【参考答案】D
【测量目标】细节题
【难度等级】中等
【思路解析】从第四段的倒数第三句可以得出答案：There was no leak! 从文章最后Cassie和她爸爸的对话中也可以得出答案
四：2012年中考题
D. Answer the questions（根据短文内容回答下列问题) ( 12分)
It's March, 2050.
Frank and Mary Smith wake up in their comfortable house in the morning and switch on the bedroom computer to get the latest news. They used to read the Times, but changed to electronic newspapers many years ago.
There is the usual news about space: another space flight has returned from Mars and scientists have discovered a new planet. Then they turn to
business news: the US dollar has risen greatly in Shanghai, one of the
world's leading business centres. Mary tells the computer to buy 5,000
dollars, and there is a quick response that it has been done.
As they watch the screen, Mary orders one of the household robots to make coffee for them. Frank disappears into the study to join a video conference with his partners around the world. He is a computer engineer, working
for several companies. This is his third job: he used to be in marketing and then television.
Mary has a quick look at the shopping channels - the usual selection of electric cars, household robots and cheap travel offers - before picking up the video phone to talk to her assistant. She also has a
job and she is doing medical research. Both she and Frank used to have an office desk in London, but in
2014 they decided to move to the seaside and work from home.
Frank and Mary have one daughter, Louise, who also has her own workstation at home. She goes to school only one day a week, mainly to play with other students. Classrooms disappeared in 2030 because there was no longer any need for them: communications systems have made it much easier to learn at home.
Louise, now thirteen, is studying Chinese at present, which has become a world language as
important as English. Louise has many Chinese friends. They communicate by computer.
According to the family doctor, Louise will live to at least 130. Her wish is to work for a
few decades (十年) and then spend her time on music and painting.
93. Why do Frank and Mary switch on the bedroom computer in the morning?
Because they _________________________________________________
分析：考查了对why引导的特殊疑问句的回答（细节题）。

该题提问的是“why”,提问对象为目的或原因，通过关键词“Frank and Mary switch on the bedroom computer ”可以定位原文“Frank and Mary Smith wake up in their comfortable house in the morning and switch on the bedroom computer to get the latest news.”所以答案初定为to get the latest news.但是考虑到问题中已经给予了"because they" , 考虑到两点：时态
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【难度等级】简单
【思路解析】根据第二段的最后一句话“She put the information in a book and got it published. Ann was very excited to share her life story with her children and grandchildren”可以得出正确答案
102.Where did Helen work when she volunteered again for the American Red Cross?
【参考答案】She worked in a care centre
【考查内容】细节题
【难度等级】简单
【思路解析】根据原文第三段的第二句话“She prepared food and answered phones in a care centre”可以得出正确答案
103.How far is Sahra living and working from Helen's home?
【参考答案】It’s about 30 minutes’ walk
【考查内容】细节题
【难度等级】简单
【思路解析】根据第四段的第二句话“Sahra is living and working in a town about 30 minutes' walk from where Helen lives.”得出正确答案
104. Did Helen help Sahra to learn English?
【参考答案】Yes, she did
【考查内容】细节题
【难度等级】简单
【思路解析】根据原文第四段的详细介绍“This helped Sahra learn many new words about her everyday life.”可以得出结论
六：2010年中考题
E. Answer the questions(根据短文内容回答下列问题)：（14分）
Mary Donaldson is worried about her 16-year-old daughter, Sophia. Six months ago.
Sophia came back from a party, upset and unhappy. From then on, she thinks of nothing but
how to lose weight and become beautiful. She refuses to eat and keeps on doing exercise.
Sophia had always been a little heavy, so when he decided to go on a diet, Mary encouraged
her. She felt that her daughter would look more attractive if she lost 10 kilograms.
However, Sophia has lost over 20 kilograms until now. Her eating and exercising habits are
having a harmful effect on her health. She is too thin and is often sick.
Her mother is trying to prevent her from going on a diet and losing weight, but Sophia
thinks that she is still too heavy and refuses to start eating as usual. Sophia's mind is full of
the idea of looking like a model (模特). Every day she goes to a club to do exercise. When
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【难度等级】简单
【思路解析】从第二段第三行可以迅速定位关键句子：Every day she goes to a club to do exercise.
104. Why does Mary feel sorry for having encouraged her daughter to go on a diet at first?
________________________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】Because Sophia no longer feels good or pleased with her body.
【测量目标】细节题
【难度等级】简单
【思路解析】从第三段第二句话可以迅速定位关键句子：Every day she goes to a club to do exercise.
She feels sorry for having encouraged her at first, because Sophia no longer feels good or pleased with her body.
批注：纵观过去几年的最后一篇，题型一直是以基础题型为主，再看今年的题型，可见最后一题的难度有增涨的趋势，所以，在之后的学习中，最后一题要被重视起来了！本次的题型中，第94题和96题为细节题中较难的，如94题中，要注意选择疑问句与一般疑问句的区分；又如96题中，要弄清“others”的所指，文章中并没有直接给出；同时，还要不断强化学生对于how ,where , when, 等这些疑问副词的回答技巧，一定要加上相应的介词。

另外，在以后的训练中，要让学生多做概括性的题。

❖注意介词（针对When和Where的提问时须特别注意，如：In 1948./On September 19, 2004./In the park.）❖How long的提问回答时是否需要加for（How long did it take … Two years./How long has he lived in⎝ Canada? ⎝For two years.）
❖Why和How的提问该如何回答（Why ⎝Because …/To …；How ⎝ By V-ing …/完整句子）
❖反意疑问句的回答（变为一般疑问句）
开放式问题（What do you think of …?/What can you learn from …? ⎝I think he/she …/We need to be …/I can learn… from him/her）
********************************************************************************************
score:____________ （xx小题，共xx分）
（建议2-5分钟）
Step 1. 思考回忆所学知识点，并将所学知识点列在下面
12
Step 2. 错题回顾13。