中考英语(毕节)总复习语法专项讲义:专项7形容词和副词
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中考英语(毕节)总复习语法专项讲义:专项
7 形容词和副词
毕节五年中考命题规律及趋势
近五年毕节中考考情分析
2021年毕节中考
命题推测 年份
考查角度 考查重点 题号
分值
估量2021年毕节中考形容词和副词的考查仍是高频考点,倾向于考查形容词和副词的相关用法辨析,要紧以单项填空、完形填空、短文改错的形式显现,考查的小题数约3—4
道。
2021
形容词和副词的
比较等级及形近
词辨析
as +形容词/副词原级+as 的用法;interested 与interesting 的用法
区别 27
1
2021 / / / / 2021
形近词辨析
bored 与boring 的
用法区别 24
1
形容词和副词的比较等级 在语境中明白得
副词比较级的用法(句末有in our class 范畴提示)
28
1
2021 形容词和副词的比较等级 the +比较级,the +比较级的用法 22 1 形容词和副词的混合辨析 区别形容词和副词在句中的用法 30 1 2021
形容词和副词的比较等级
形容词最高级的
用法
27
1
毕节中考考点突破
形容词词义辨析和形容词短语
1.形容词的用法及位置
说明人或事物的特点、性质或状态,常用来修饰名词或不定代词的词叫形容词。
作定语,放在名词之前,复合不定代词之后。
如: The beautiful girl is my friend.那个漂亮的女孩是我朋友。
注意:(1)有少数形容词只能作表语,不能作定语,如alone ,afraid ,asleep ,awake ,alive ,well 等。
(2)作表语,放在系动词之后。
如:
He looks very happy.他看起来专门快乐。
(3)作宾补,放在宾语之后,常与make,leave,keep等动词连用。
如:
You must keep your eyes open.你必须睁开眼睛。
2.同根形容词辨析及相关的形容词短语
-ing -ed相关短语
interesting interested be interested in 对……感爱好
exciting excited be excited about 对……感到
兴奋
续表
-ing -ed相关短语
surprising surprised be surprised at 对……感到吃惊
pleasing pleased be pleased with 对……感到中意
tiring tired be tired of 对……感到厌烦
worrying worried be worried about 为……担忧
boring bored be bored with 对……感到厌烦
relaxing relaxed be relaxed about 对……感到放松单项填空。
(C)1.(2021宜昌中考)—How are you getting on with your cousin?
—Very well.He is really ______ and joins in all kinds of activities in his sp are time.
A.polite B.strict
C.active D.careful
(A)2.(2021长春中考)My little brother is a tidy boy.He always keeps his room ______.
A.clean B.to clean
C.cleaning D.cleaned
副词词义辨析
1.副词的作用
副词是表示行为特点或状态特点的词。
要紧修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句。
在句中要紧用作状语。
如:
Sometimes we're very busy.我们有时候专门忙。
3.副词的分类和位置
单项填空。
(A)1.(2021滨州中考)I could ______ control my feelings at the mom ent.The song brought back so many childhood memories.
A.hardly B.really
(C)2.(2021随州中考)It was late.She opened the door ______ because she didn't want to wake up her parents.
A.heavily B.loudly
C.quietly D.angrily
形容词和副词的混合辨析
1
形容词词义副词词义
good 好的well 好地
happy 快乐的happily 快乐地
heavy 重的heavily 繁重地
strong 强大的strongly 强有力地
easy 简单的easily 简单地
careful 认确实carefully 认真地
quick 快的quickly 快地
simple 简单的simply 简单地
2.有些副词有两种形式,其中一种形式与形容词相同,另一种形
式是在形容词后加ly,但意义有区别。
单词词性&词义单词词性&词义
close adj./ad v.近的(地) closely ad v.紧密地
high adj./ad v.高的(地) highly ad v.高度地
free adj./ad v.免费的(地) freely ad v.自由地
late adj./ad v.晚,迟lately ad v.近来
deep adj./ad v.深的(地) deeply ad v.深刻地
near adj./ad v.邻近的(地) nearly ad v.几乎,将近
hard adj./ad v.努力的(地) hardly ad v.几乎不
most adj./ad v.最mostly ad v.要紧地
wide adj./ad v.宽敞的(地) widely ad v.广泛地单项填空。
(C)1.(2021宿迁中考)—It's reported that selfdriving cars are expec ted to change the way we move around.
—That sounds ______.
A.bad B.badly
(B)2.(2021青岛中考)Allen always behaves ______,so many peopl e like him.
A.easily B.politely
C.friendly D.lively
形容词和副词的比较等级
1.形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成规则
规则变化构成方法例词
一样情形加-er,est tall→taller→tallest 以不发音的字母e结尾的词加-r,st large→larger→largest
以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音
节词先双写末尾的辅音字母,再
加-er,est
big→bigger→biggest
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词变y为i,再加-er,est easy→easier→easiest
其他双音节词和多音节词及
分词形容词比较级在前面加more,最高
级在前面加most
beautiful→more
beautiful→most beautiful
原级比较级最高级good,well better best bad,badly,ill worse worst many,much more most little less least
far farther指距离;
further指程度
farthest指距离;furthest指程度
old
older 指岁数大,东西旧;elder指
年纪较长的
oldest指岁数大,东西旧;eldest
指年纪较长的
句型含义例句
A…+as+原级+as+B A 与B一样This book is almost/nearly as thick as that one.这本书和那一本几乎一样厚。
续表
句型含义例句
A…+not+as/so+原级+as
+B A 不如B This village isn't as/so big as that one.那个村子没有那个村子大。
比较级+than 比……更(两者比The sun is bigger than the earth.太阳比地
注意:(1)比较级前可用下列修饰语:even=still更;much更;a l ittle=a bit有点;a lot专门;three times三倍;far更等。
如:The boy is much taller than before.那个男孩比往常更高了。
(2)very,quite,rather,too,enough,so能够修饰原级。
如:
This trip is very interesting.这趟旅行专门有味。
单项填空。
(B)1.(2021河南中考)—Why don't you get yourself a job?
—That's ______ said than done.
A.easy B.easier
C.the easier D.the easiest
(B)2.(2021推测)Jack is talented in sports.He can play basketball as _ _____ as his brother.
A.good B.well
C.better D.best
(D)3.(2021毕节中考模拟)Peter is ______ boy in our class and he of ten helps us carry heavy things.
A.strong B.stronger
C.strongest D.the strongest
形近词辨析
常见形近词如下:
quiet(adj.)安静的quite(ad v.)相当
clear(adj.)清晰的clean(adj.)洁净的
lonely(adj.)孤独的alone(ad v.)独自地
alive(adj.)活着的lively(adj.)充满活力的
lovely(adj.)可爱的likely(adj.)可能的
fill(v.)使……充满full(adj.)满的,充满的
except(prep.)除外expect(v.)期望
单项填空。
(B)1.(易错题)He lives ______,but he never feels ______.
A.lonely;alone B.alone;lonely
C.alone;alone D.lonely;lonely
(C)2.(原创题)Please be ______.The baby is sleeping.
A.quite B.quilt
C.quiet D.queen
与形容词、副词相关的改错
1.形容词与副词的相互误用
形容词与副词的相互误用有以下几种情形:修饰句子应该用副词而误用成形容词(毕节2021.68);修饰动词应用副词而误用为形容词(毕节2021.
81、2021.78);作表语应该用形容词而误用为副词(毕节2021.82)。
要解决此类题型,第一要明确错误处该用形容词依旧副词,然后要把握常考形容词与副词的差不多含义及用法,最后依照画线单词在句中所作的成分来改正。
2.同根形容词的误用(毕节2021.84)
同根形容词的误用考查的是以ed结尾的形容词和以ing结尾的形容词的用法区别。
以ed结尾的形容词通常修饰人,而以ing结尾的形容词通常修饰物。
要解决此类题型,第一要把握常考ed形容词与ing 形容词的区别;其次,分析画线单词的具体用法并改正。
3.同根副词的误用(毕节2021.74)
同根副词的误用要紧考查同一词根的副词不同词义的误用,如hard
与hardly的误用。
做此类题,学生需要第一把握画线单词的差不多含义,然后通读上下文,依照语境判定该词在句子中的具体含义。
4.形容词误用为名词(毕节2021.80)
形容词误用为名词考查的是当画线词前有副词修饰时用形容词而不用名词。
第一应该分析句意,然后分析画线词,确定应该使用的词性。
5.形容词短语的搭配错误(毕节2021.79)
此类错误包括形容词与介词搭配的短语中介词的漏用。
解答此类题型,学生需要积存更多形容词短语。
6.比较等级的误用(毕节2021.75)
比较等级的误用考查比较等级结构的用法错误,如“比较级+比较级”结构的误用,也可能涉及“the+比较级,the+比较级”的误用。
解决此类题型,学生需要分析画线处是否考查比较级,然后判定考查比较级的哪一种用法或句型,最后依照比较级的具体用法改正。
句子改错。
1.We are all surprise that such a little girl speaks English so well.__surpri sed__
2.In order to pass the exam,you need to work much hardest now.__hard er__
3.Many people are fond ∧ Chinese paper cuttings.
__of__
4.(原创题)People in the village are trying their best to make their hometo wn better and good.__better__
5.Final,he found a bottle under the tree.__Finally__
毕节中考题例及解析
单项填空。
()1.(2021毕节中考)English is as ______ as Chinese.
A.interesting B.more interesting
C.more interested D.interested
【解析】考查形容词的比较等级及形近词辨析。
句意:英语和语文一样有味。
interested表示“觉得有味的”,通常修饰人;interesting表示“让人觉得有味的”,通常修饰物。
as+形容词原级+as,意为“和……一样……”,故选A。
()2.(2021毕节中考)He feels ______ because he finds the movie is _ _____.
A.bored;bored B.boring;bored
C.boring;boring D.bored;boring
【解析】考查语境明白得及形近词辨析。
句意:他感受到厌烦,因为他发觉电影专门无聊。
bored表示“觉得厌烦的”,通常修饰人;boring表示“让人觉得厌烦的”,通常修饰物。
结合语境,故选D。
()3.(2021毕节中考)Bob sings ______ in our class.
A.better B.best
C.good D.well
【解析】考查副词最高级的用法。
句意:鲍勃在我们班上唱得最好。
better更好,比较级形式;best最好,最高级形式;good好的,形容词的原级;well好地,副词的原级。
本句in our class有范畴提示,在班上所有学生中作比较,用最高级形式,故选B。
()4.(2021毕节中考)The harder you study,the ______ knowledge y ou will know.
A.much B.more C.little D.less
【解析】考查形容词比较级的用法。
句意:你学习越努力,你就会获得更多的知识。
“the+比较级,the+比较级”,表示越……越……,设空处应填much的比较级more。
故选B。
()5.(2021毕节中考)—Do you know Lang Lang?
—Of course.He is a famous pianist and he plays the piano ______.
A.beautiful B.more beautiful
C.beautifully D.more beautifully
【解析】考查形容词和副词的辨析。
句意:——你明白郎朗吗?——因此。
他是一位闻名的钢琴家,他弹琴弹得专门好。
本题未进行比较,用原级;修饰行为动词play,需用副词。
故选C。
()6.(2021毕节中考)—______ the population of China?
—1.3 billion.Everyone knows China has the ______ population in the worl d.
A.What are;most
B.What is;largest
C.How many are;most
D.How many are;largest
【解析】考查形容词最高级的用法。
句意:——中国的人口是多少?——13亿。
每个人都明白中国是世界上人口最多的国家。
依照in the worl d以及定冠词the,可知第二个空是最高级形式,人口多用large表示,larg e的最高级为largest。
故选B。
考点抢测
形容词词义辨析和形容词短语
单项填空。
(C)1.(2021安徽中考)The speaker showed some ______ examples to make the science report easy to understand.
A.awful B.stupid
C.proper D.thick
(B)2.(2021东营中考)The 119 passengers are ______ Liu Chuanjian. Without him,they would probably have lost their lives.
A.hard on B.thankful to
C.friendly to D.responsible for
副词词义辨析
单项填空。
(A)1.(2021南京中考)Millie ______ missed the train this afternoon.It started to leave right after she got on it.
A.almost B.already
C.really D.seldom
(D)2.(2021襄阳中考)—Listen! It's raining ______ outside.
—Wow,look! The yard is full of rainwater now!
A.strongly B.hardly
C.greatly D.heavily
(B)3.(新信息题)—Have you watched the TV play the Rise of Phoeni xes(《天盛长歌》)?
—No,I haven't.I've______ heard of it.
A.usually B.never
C.often D.always
(A)4.(2021东营中考)—What's the English word for the Chinese foo d jiaozi?
—You can ______ say “jiaozi”.It has been added to the Oxford English Dictionary.
A.just B.even
C.still D.hardly
形容词和副词的混合辨析
单项填空。
(A)1.(2021铜仁中考)—Look!It is raining ______.
—That's right.The rain is too ______ to go shopping.
A.heavily;heavy B.heavily;heavily
C.heavy;heavy D.heavy;heavily
(C)2.(原创题)With a height of 2.06 meters,an 11yearold boy in China is ______ to be the tallest primary school student in the world.
A.possible B.probable
C.likely D.probably
(B)3.(新信息题)The Wuhan Marathon was held ______ in April,20
21.
A.successful B.successfully
C.great D.beautifully
形容词和副词的比较等级
单项填空。
(D)1.(2021滨州中考)—Home is ______ place wherever you go.
—Yes.There's no place like home.
A.warm B.warmer
C.warmest D.the warmest
(C)2.(2021武威中考)After two years' physical training,he was ___ ___ and healthier.
A.weaker B.longer
C.stronger D.shorter
(A)3.(2021黔东南中考)______ you practice,______ you will be at math.
A.The more;the better
B.The more;the best
C.The most;the better
D.The most;the best
形近词辨析
单项填空。
(B)1. (2021推测)Tom is a boy ______ of humor.You won't be bored when you stay with him.
A.filled B.full
C.fall D.fell
(A)2. (易错题)He is the only person ______ in his family after the ear thquake.
A.alive B.living
C.live D.lively
与形容词、副词相关的改错
句子改错。
1.I can't hear you clear.Speak loudly,please.
__clearly__
2.(原创题)It's warmth here in winter,so I like it.
__warm__
3.(原创题)If everyone plays a part in saving the earth,the world will be best.__better__
4.More and more foreigners are interesting in Chinese culture.__intereste d__。