第三版报关与国际货运专业英语课后练习答案

Lesson 1
China Customs
EXERCISES
I. Oral work
1. What are the major functions of the Customs General Administration?
1. To draft and enact the policies and principles on Customs work; to participate in drawing up and amending the Customs Import and Export Tariff；to enact other statutes on Customs operation；and to 1nspect，supervise and direct the enforcement of them by the Customs offices throughout the country；
2. To participate in drafting international treaties and agreements on Customs affairs;
3. To conduct the unified handling of tariff reductions and exemptions；
4. To organize and guide the preventive work of the Customs offices throughout the country；
5. To examine applications for reviewing disputes on duty payments and applications for reviewing Customs decisions on penalties：
6. To compile Customs statistics；
7. To administer organizations，staffing，vocational training and appointments and removals of directors of Customs Offices throughout the country；and to exercise leadership in Customs schools and colleges；
8. To organize the work of research and development, introduction and management of Customs technological facilities;
9. To administer，audit and supervise all Customs financial affairs，equipments，fixed assets and capital construction;
10．To strengthen ties and co-operation and external exchanges with overseas Customs Services，international Customs organization and other international organizations concerned．
2. Why does Customs General Administration set up its sub-office in Guangzhou?
Considering there are so many Customs offices and its heavy workload in Guangdong Province，the Customs General Administration has set up its sub-office in Guangzhou to assist it in administering the Customs Offices in that province．This sub-office is named Guangdong Regional Customs Office.
3. Where are the Customs establishments set up?
Besides the Customs General Administration in Beijing，the State sets up Customs establishments at ports opening to foreign countries and at places which call for concentrated Customs operation．
4．Do the Customs establishments exercise their functions independently?
The customs establishments exercise their functions and powers independently in accordance with the law，and are responsible to the Customs General Administration．
5．State the four main tasks of China’s Customs．
China Customs is responsible for the supervision and control over means of transport，goods, luggage，postal items and other articles entering or leaving China's territory，the collection of Customs duties，taxes and fees，the prevention of smuggling, the compilation of the Customs statistics and dealing with
other Customs matters.
II. Substitute the underlined words by choosing a suitable one
1．One of the main tasks of China's Customs is to exercise supervision and control over inward and outward goods and means of transport．
a．import and export b．inside and outside
c．home made and foreign made
2．China's Customs is a state organ responsible for the supervision and control work．a．official newspaper b．organization
c．monthly magazine
3．Its major task is to lead local Customs offices in the correct enforcement of Customs laws．a．1eadership b. administering
c．carrying out
4．Another one of its main functions is to participate in drafting international treaties and agreements on Customs matters．
a．drawing up b．administering
c．compiling
5．Customs establishments are set up at ports opening to foreign countries
a．Customs Houses b．Government office
c．Customs departments
6．China's Customs General Administration has the right to enact policies and principles on Customs work．
a．make and pass b．choose
c．take out
7．The Customs decision on penalty will be reviewed by higher authority．
a．completed b. considered and judged
c. stipulated
8．One of its tasks is to prevent and counter smuggling.
a．disagree with b．strike back
c. deal with
9．China's Customs often extends exchanges with foreign Customs administrations and organizations．a．continues b．expresses
c．offers
10．The Administration has set up two branches to assist it in handling general matters．a．asset b．help
c．force
IIl．Put the following Chinese sentences into English
1．中华人民共和国海关是国家的进出关境监督管理机关。

The P. R.C. Customs is a state organ responsible for supervision over entering or leaving the Customs territory.
2. 海关依法独立行使职权，向海关总署负责。

The Customs establishments exercise their functions and powers independently in accordance with the laws and are responsible to the Customs General Administration.
3. 国家在对外开放口岸和海关监管业务集中的地点设三海关。

The State sets up Customs establishments at ports opening to foreign countries and places which call for concentrated Customs operations.
4．海关依照海关法和其他有关法律、法规，监管进出境运输工具、货物、行李物品、邮递物品和其他物品。

The Customs exercises supervision and control over means of transport, goods, luggage, postal items and other articles entering or leaving the Customs territory according to “Customs Law”and other regulations and statutes concerned..
5．海关总署对全国各海关实行统一管理。

The Customs General Administration conducts unified administration to Customs offices throughout the country.
6. 海关总署审议有关纳税争议和海关处罚决定的复议申请。

The Customs General Administration examines the applications for reviewing Customs decisions on penalties and applications for reviewing disputes on duty payments.
IV．Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions or adverbs
Supervision and Control over Inward and Outward Passengers’ Luggage
The “Customs Law”provides that inward and outward luggage and articles carried by passengers are limited __to___ personal use and reasonable quantities. The passengers are required to make declaration __to___ the Customs ___by__ filling __in___ a “Declaration Form for passengers’Luggage” and accept Customs inspection.
The Customs have fixed different quantity and value allowances __for___ the dutiable or duty-free articles permitted to be brought ___in__ different categories _by____ passenger. The articles which the passengers are carrying in __with_ them _for____ personal use ___during__ their journey are granted temporary duty-free admission and must be re-taken back to__ the country __till/until___ their return journey.
Lesson 2
Customs Supervision and Control over Imports and Experts EXERCISES
1. Oral work
1．How might Customs be involved if a ship cannot load cargo because of insufficient space? 2．Describe the various documents relating to the importation or exportation or cargo which a Customs officer should be familiar with．
11. Fill in the blanks the appropriate prepositions or adverbs
Supervision and Control over Inward and Outward Goods
In accordance with laws and regulations，Customs supervision and control shall be exercised over import goods at the time of arrival to the time of Customs clearance; export goods at the time of Customs declaration to the time of exit; transit, transshipment and through goods at the time of entry to the time of exit. Without Customs permission, it is not allowed to unpack, withdraw, deliver, pack, change, repack, mortgage, transfer or re-label the goods. A consignee of the imports or a consignor of the exports shall make a bona fide declaration, receive Customs inspection on the goods, except those specially permitted by the Customs. Import of export goods shall not be released unless duties chargeable have been paid or a guarantee provided by the consignee or consignor.
All transit, transshipment and through goods shall be bona fide declared to the Customs office of entry by the responsible person and shipped through the Customs territory within_ prescribed time limit.
Ⅲ．Put the followings Chinese sentences into English with the expressions given in the rackets 1．因直运提单上的收货人与原合同规定的不符，故此货不能装运。

(be inconsistent with)
2．查禁走私的政策应由海关贯彻执行。

(be held responsible for)
3．残损货物只有经过海关检验后，才能予以减税。

(only after)
4. 为了执行外贸管制的国家政策，海关对进出中国关境货物的查验与放行需要核查由外贸管制机关出具的进出口许可证。

5．进口的动植物产品的放行，应以检验证明书为凭证。

(subject to)
1. As the consignee of the direct B/L is inconsistent with that of the original contract, this shipment can not be loaded.
2. Customs is held responsible for carrying out the policy of preventive smuggling.
3. Only after examination by Customs may the duty is abated on damaged goods.
4. In order to carry out the state policy of controlling foreign trade, Customs has to examine and release all cargo entering or leaving Chinese territory upon verification of the import and Export Licenses issued by the foreign trade control organs.
5. The imported animal and plants released by Customs are subject to commodity inspection
certificate.
(The imported animal and plants are released upon verification of commodity inspection certificate)
Customs Duties
1．Oral work
1．Briefly explain the duties of the State Tariff Commission．
2．Differentiate between general tariff rates and preferential tariff rates．
3．Under what circumstance is a special duty imposed?
4．In the case of short—levied or non—levied duties is the Customs able to recover them?
5．What should a duty-payer do if he has a dispute with the Customs regarding duty payment?
II. Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions or adverbs
Customs duties shall be levied ___on__ imports and exports according to the tariff rates in effect __on___ the date of declaration for imports or exports __of___ the consignee or consignor or his agent. Imports which are permitted by the Customs to be declared prior __to___ their entry shall be subject ___to__ the levy of import duties according to the tariff rates in effect ___on__ the date of entry of the means of transport concerned.
The tariff rates in effect on the date when he import or export goods are first declared for importation or exportation shall apply__to__ the recovery or refund ___on__ the import an export duties.
III. Put the following Chinese sentences into English with the expressions given in the brackets
1.所有进出口货物均应接受海关的监管。

(be subject to )
2.运进一国用于展览并将复运出境的物品属于暂时进口货物范畴。

(fall into)
3.世界贸易组织的基本原则之一是：在国际贸易中不得歧视任何成员国。

(discriminate
against)
4.进口商可向海关提出书面申请退还溢征的关税。

(apply to sb. for sth.)
5.进口商为该批货物交纳与货物的价值等额的抵押款或提供等额的担保，海关将准予放行
货物。

(equal to)
1. All the imports and exports should be subject to the Customs supervision.
2. The articles for exhibition entering into and reshipping out of the customs territory fall into
temporary imports.
3. One of the basic principles of WTO: it is not allowed to discriminate against any contracting members.
4. The importer may apply to the Customs in written form for refunding the over-levied duty.
5. After the deposit or security equal to the goods value provided by the importer，the Customs will release the goods.
Temporary Exemption from Duty
1．Oral work
1．What are the conditions for the application of the temporary duty exemption scheme?
2．What limitations does the temporary duty exemption scheme have?
3．How dose the customs’interest in revenue collection be ensured under the temporary duty exemption scheme?
II．Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions or adverbs
Argentina issued a new decree authorizing temporary imports of raw materials and components intended __for___ export. __For___ this program, raw materials that will be incorporated ___in__ products intended __for___ export may be imported free __of___ customs duties and taxes. The export transaction has to be completed __within___ one year; if necessary, this period may be extended for an additional year. An importer who fails to complete the required export operation _within_ the period allowed must pay the normal import duties and taxes plus a penalty equal __to___ 100% of the value of the imported goods.
III．Put the following Chinese into English with the expressions given in the brackets
1．与这笔业务有关的企业必须向海关如实提供情况。

(associate with)
The company associated with this transaction must offer the details faithfully to the Customs.
2．除受到处罚之外，该进口商还应缴纳原来被暂时免除的关税。

(in addition to)
The importer should pay the duty that was originally waived (temporarily exempted), in addition to any penalties.
3．若用进口的原材料生产出来的制成品将在规定的时限内出口，则可在进口时暂时免除对进口原材料应征的关税。

(subject to，waive)
The temporary import duty on raw materials should be waived at the time of importation, subject to the condition that the finished products produced using the imported raw materials are exported within a specified period
4．根据暂免关税制，在进口时不需缴纳关税，但须提供担保。

(duty suspension, bond) According to duty suspension scheme, Customs duty will not be paid at the time of importation but security for the duty is required in the form of a bond.
5．出口商必须按规定格式提供报告，详细说明最终产品的处理方法。

(disposal)
The importer has to furnish statements in the prescribed form, giving details about the disposal of the finished products.
Bonded Warehouses
EXERCISES
I．Oral work
1. Why is the scheme of duty drawback is likely to be more appropriate than schemes of non—levy of duties and taxes for large number of manufactured products?
2. State the benefit the bonded warehouse brings about to the importer or an exporter．
3. How do the Customs supervise and control the bonded warehouse?
II. Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions or adverb
The object __of___ the warehousing procedure is primarily to meet certain special needs _of____ international trade. It has three main advantages:
It allows the payment of import duties and taxes __on___ imported goods to be deferred until a date much later than the time of importation;
It allows the payment of such duties and taxes to be waived completely if the goods are re-exported directly __from___ the warehouse;
It affords the person concerned the possibility of disposing _of__ the goods __upon___ request, __or___ any manner that he may wish.
III. Put the following Chinese sentences into English with the expressions given in the brackets
1.保税仓库可由像港务局之类的官方机构或私人公司设立，但必须经海关正式承认。

(establish) The bonded warehouse may be established by officially agencies such as the harbor office or by private companies, the Customs authorities have to officially recognized them as authorized bonded warehouse for storing non-duty-paid goods.
2.海关对出口商为制造出口产品而进口的原材料征收关税而在产品出口时将关税退回会束缚
出口商的资金，因此，阻碍对外贸易的发展。

(tie up)
It may tie up the exporter’s capital by collecting duties on the raw materials which are used for producing exports and the duties are subsequently refundable at the time of export, thus it
prevents the foreign trade from development
3.如内地保税仓库设在距设有海关的港口较远的地方，海关必须对未完税的原材料从进口地点
到内地保税仓库的运输实行监管。

(institute)
When inland bonded warehouses are set up far from the Customs ports, the Customs must carry outs (institutes) necessary supervision over the transport of the non-duty paid imported raw material from the place of imports to the inland warehouse.
4.海关对在仓库内变腐烂的货物不征收关税，因为这些货物不能投放到自由流通领域。

(payable
on…)
The duty is not payable for the goods becoming rotten in the bonded warehouse, as these goods can not be put in the circulating market.
5.很明显，保税仓库制度会为进口商或出口商带来许多好处，因此会促进国际贸易的发展。

(it
is…that)
It is apparent that a scheme of non-levy duty confers a lot of benefits on the importers and exporters, thus can promote the development of international trade.
Lesson 6
British Customs Fight against Drug Smuggling
EXERCISES
I. Oral work
1.What measures do the British Customs and Excise adopt to control drug abuse?
2.Do you think the U.K. Law will effectively prevent people from using drugs?
How can we prevent drug abuse? Discuss.
II. Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions or adverbs
In order to safeguard the state sovereignty and interests, ensure the smooth carrying out reforms and government policy and hit hard ___to__ smuggling and other illegal activities, the Customs law of the country provides that a smuggling is defined as : in violation of the Customs Law and other related laws, illegally transporting, carrying or sending __by___ post __into___ or __out of___ the country the goods and articles which are prohibited or restricted __to___ import or which are subject ______ evading Customs supervision and control; or selling __without___ Customs permission and make-up duty payment ___of__ the bonded goods granted special tariff reduction or exemption. The above said acts are considered serious crime __of___ smuggling. The Customs law also provides that any __of___ the acts shall be dealt with __as___ an act of a crime smuggling, such as illegally purchasing __from____ a smuggler the goods or articles smuggled __into___ the country, and transporting, purchasing or selling __without___ legal certification ___in__ inland waters or territorial waters any good prohibited ___by__ the government _from____ import or export.
1.英国海关正在采取一系列措施打击毒品犯罪活动并设法制止毒品进入英国。

Brain is taking a host of measures to fight against (crack down/hit hard) drug criminal activities and trying to prevent drugs from moving into the country.
2.英国海关与国内有关部门及国际刑警加强紧密协作，交换信息并致力于切断毒品非法生产
和销售的渠道。

British Customs is working closely with other agencies and international criminal police, exchanges information and commit itself to cutting off illegal producing and selling channels.
3.尽管英国法律严惩非法贩运毒品的走私分子，国际毒品走私团伙仍冒险参与毒品贩运和非
法交易活动以获取暴利。

Though British law gives severe legal penalties on the traffickers, international drug criminal gangs still carry risks to involve in transporting and trafficking to make illegal huge profit.
4.英国海关的首要任务是组织一批接受专门训练的反走私队伍（包括警犬的训练）对各主要
通道进行监管并处理毒品走私案件。

The top priority of the British Customs is to organize a dedicated and trained anti-smuggling team (including sniffer dogs) to supervise the prime channels and tackle drug smuggling cases.
Lesson 7
The Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System
1．Oral work
1．Briefly explain what you know about the Brussels Tariff Nomenclature．
2．Why was a unified classification system called for?
3．What were the objectives leading to the development of Harmonized System in the late l980s? 4．Compared with the CCCN，what are the main advantages of the HS?
Ⅱ．Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions or adverbs
The Customs have made public the “List of Articles prohibited __from___ Import and Export”, which provides _for____ the categories __of___ articles prohibited to be carried _into___ or _out of___ the territory __by___ passengers. The prohibited inward and outward articles which have been declared __by___ the passengers are to be detained __by___ the Customs, and they must be returned __to___ the passengers __on__ departure __within___ a time limit. If not, they would be confiscated __by___ the Customs. The articles detained __for___ being detrimental to China’s politics, economy, culture and morality will not be returned. Passengers who are carrying the articles falling __into___ the categories prohibited __from___ import and export and are evading Customs’ supervision and control will assume legal or disciplinary responsibilities.
Ⅲ．Put the following Chinese passage into English
熟悉美国税则表(Harmonized Tariff Schedule)的构成有助于商品的分类过程。

税则表分为数个部分和章节，分别关联(deal with)广泛的产品目录中的商品。

这些目录包括动物制品、蔬菜制品，各种基本原料诸如木材、纺织品、塑料、橡胶和钢材以及其他金属制品。

其他部分包括化学品、机械和电器设备，以及其他特定的或未列举的产品。

最后一部分，第22部分，包括某些关税例外和特别法规条款。

To Be familiar with the structure of American Tariff Schedule is helpful to the classification of goods. The Tariff Schedule is divided by a couple of sections and chapters which are widely dealt with goods in the commodity lists. The lists include animal products, vegetable products, different kinds of basic raw materials such as timber, textile, plastics, rubber, steel and other metal. The other sections cover chemical, machinery, electrical equipment, and other special and unlisted products. The last section, chapter 22, covers some tariff exceptions and special legal provisions.
Lesson 8-10 （课文为对话没有练习）
Lesson 11
Exercises
Ⅰ. 1.b 2.c 3.h 4.e 5.a 6.g 7.f 8.d
II True or false．
1．In the preparation of export goods，the goods should be packed in the way required by the buyer．
2．The buyer might not be able to open the L／C because of financial difficulties．In this case，the seller might lodge a claim against the buyer for it.
3．Before receiving the exporters’ notification of shipment，the importer should book shipping space．
4．Under CFR，the importer should ask the exporter to advise the shipment in time so that the goods can be covered by insurance without delay．
5．After shipment，the exporter will prepare the relevant documents to get payment．
6．Under documentary collection，the importer himself should examine the documents p resented by the exporter to confirm if they meet the requirements of the sales contract．
7．Unlike exported goods，imported goods needn’t be cleared through Customs．
8．In our country，FOB or FCA are generally used in import contracts．Therefore，the exporter i s responsible for shipment．
Ⅱ. 1.T 2.T 3.F 4.T 5.T 6.T 7.F 8.F
III. Translate the following passage into Chinese．
International trade is business whose activities involve the crossing of national borders．It includes
not only foreign manufacturing but also encompasses the growing services industry in areas such as transportation，banking，advertising，construction，retailing，wholesaling，and communication．It includes all business transactions that involve two or more countries．Such business relationships may be private or governmental．In the case of private firms the transactions are for profit．Government-sponsored activities in international business may or may not have a profit orientation．
In order to pursue any of its objectives，a company must establish international operational forms，some of which may be quite different from these used domestically．The choices of forms are influenced not only by the objective being pursued，but also by the environment in which the firm must operate．These environmental conditions also affect the means of carrying out business functions such as marketing．At the same，the company operating internationally will affect，to a lesser degree，the environment in which it is operating．
国际贸易业务活动跨越国界。

它不仅包括外国制造业，也包括在诸如交通运输、银行、广告、建筑、零售、批发及交流这些领域里日益增长的服务行业。

它包括所有两国或多国间的商业交易。

这样的商业关系既可以是私人间的也可以是政府间的。

私人企业间的交易以获取利润为目的，而政府出资赞助的国际商业活动不一定以获利为取向。

为了实现任何一个目标，公司必须确立国际化运营方式，部分方式或许会完全不同于国内运营方式。

运营方式的选择不仅会受到公司目标的影响，还会受到公司运营环境的影响。

这些环境条件也会影响到履行业务职能的手段，如：市场营销。

同样，在国际范围内经营的公司也将会在较小的程度上影响它经营的环境。

Lesson 12
Marine Insurance
Exercises
I．oral work
1．Describe the types of basic coverage in English．
2．What is the particular average?
3．What is the general average?
II．pair up synonyms：
1．adjustment a．peril
2．average b．disaster
3．safeguard c．belongings
4．underwriter d．intentional
5．insure e．compensate
6．danger f．eventually
7．recompense g．settlement
8．approach h．pilferage
9．calamity i．insurer
10．standing j .hazard
1 1．possessions k．yearly
12．ultimately l．status
1 3．deliberate m．protect
1 4．theft n．contact
15．annually o．cover
1.g
2.j
3.m
4.i
5.o
6.a
7.e
8.n
9.b 10.l 11.c 12.f 13.d 14.h 15.k
III．Match the words or phrases in column A with the definition in column B
Column A Column B
Embargo a．a load of goods sent to a customer
perishable b．money paid by the insured to insurer in return of insurance cover
cover c．something which makes up for a loss
consignment d．1iable to deteriorate or go bad over a period of time
breakage e．protection against financial loss by means of insurance
premium f．get rid of by throwing out
comprehensive g．a prohibition by a government of the movement of goods or vessel default h．damage of goods caused by their being broken in transit
jettison i．dealing with all or many of the relative details
compensation j．fail to meet a legal obligation，such as making the payment due
under a contract or against a draft
embargo--g perishable--d cover--e consignment--a breakage--h premium--b comprehensive--i default--j jettison--f compensation--c
IV．Fill in the blanks with suitable preposition or adverbs：
1．Generally，all perils involved __in___ sea trade are covered ___by__ a standard marine policy but if
a vessel is likely to be subject __to___ war risk extended cover is obtainable．
2．The meaning __of___ term “average”___in__ marine insurance seems slightly different __from___ its meaning __in___ other branches．
3．Every insurance contract must be made __between___ the person or person who have an “insurable interest”(投保利益)and the insurance company.
4．An “insurable interest” means that the person insured must not benefit __from___ any disaster，and the loss __of___ or damage _to____ insured property must cause inconvenience．
5．A trader cannot insure __against___ a risk which cannot be calculated, such as shoes which suddenly go __out of___ fashion and which no one wants to buy, and this is called an un-insurable risk．
6．We will take __out___ an all risks open policy __for___ , say, fifty thousand pounds．
7. The policy will cover consignments _from____ our warehouse __to___ the port __of___ destination.
8. Cargo insurance protection is an aid __to___ commercial negotiation.
9. In some countries, the first step the insured party should take is to apply __for___ insurance _from____ a certain insurance company.
10. The applicant or the propose should fill __out___ the proposal form, which gives all the details __of__ ownership, value, length __for___ time insurance will be, risks and coverage, etc.
V．Choose the best answer：
1．The one who buy insurance is called
A．an insurance company B．a broker
C．the insured D．an insurer
2．What is the name given to the sum of money which a person agrees to pay to an insurance company?
A．compensation B．premium
C．investment D．commission
3．An insurance agreement is called an——?
A．insurance policy B．insurance contract
C．insurance cover D．insurance document
4．Under FOB contract，the——is to arrange insurance．
A．seller B．insurer
C．buyer D．carrier
5．When the seller contracts for insurance，it is a(n)——contract．
A．CFR B．FCA
C．FAS D．CIF
6．The one who lodges a claim is known as an _______.
A．insurer B．the insured
C．insurance D．claimant
7___________does not have the normally accepted meaning，but means loss in the insurance business.
A．Partial loss B. Total loss
C．Coverage D. Average
8．___________ is the broadest kind of coverage but does not include all risks.
A．Free of Particular Average B．Total loss
C．With particular Average D．Average
9．Risk of breakage is considered to be the
A．free of Particular Average B．with Average
C．general additional risks D．special additional risks
10．The marine insurance term for all goods lost when ship sank is
A．general average loss B．particular average loss
C．total loss D、partial loss
1 1．_____ is the most restrictive coverage．
A．All Risks B．TPND
C．Free of Particular D．With Average
1 2．The marine insurance term for some goods thrown overboard to save ship is
A．total loss B．general average loss
C．particular average loss D．All Risks
13. _____ is covered by a basic FPA policy．
A．10％loss caused by breakage in transit
B．15％loss caused by pilferage
C．20％loss caused by heavy rain
D．25％loss caused by a ship collision
14．_____ is covered by a WPA policy．
A．Loss due to the carrying vessel’s stranding
B．Loss caused by the carrying vessel’s stranding
C．Loss due to theft，pilferage and non—delivery
D．Loss caused by heavy rain
15．SRCC is _____.
A．special additional risks B．total loss
C．general additional risks D．All Risks
1.C
2.B
3.A.
4.C
5. D
6.D
7.D
8.C
9.C 10.C
11.C 12.B 13.D 14.D 15.A
VI．Choose the right word for each blank from the list given below the passage
INSURANCE DOCUMENTS
The marine insurance document may be __ either ___ a policy or a certificate issued _ under ____ a policy. An insurance policy contain all the terms and __ conditions ___ of the contract of goods is _ covered _ by a general policy in respect of a number of shipments then a certificate will be _ issued __ and contain a reference to the policy. The Uniform Customs and Practice prescribes that the type of document required must be described in the credit, and must be issued and/or signed by brokers are not acceptable under a _ documentary ____ credit unless specifically authorized in the _credit____.
A __marine___ insurance policy must specify the name of the insurers, the name of the person in。