现代大学英语听力-Unit-8-Book-1答案

Unit 8 News (I)
Task 1
Script
1) APEC is the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation.
2) ASEAN is the Association of Southeast Asian Nations.
3) EU is the European Union.
4) FAO is the Food and Agriculture Organization.
5) IAEA is the International Atomic Energy Agency.
6) ILO is the International Labour Organization.
7) IMF is the International Monetary Fund.
8) NAFTA is the North American Free Trade Agreement.
9) WHO is the World Health Organization.
10) WTO is the World Trade Organization.
Key
Write down the names of the international organizations in full.
See the Script.
Chinese translations of the following international institutions l) APEC 亚太经合组织
2) ASEAN 东盟（东南亚国家联盟）
3) EU 欧盟（欧洲联盟）
4) FAO (联合国）粮组织
5) IAEA 国际原子能机构
6) ILO N 国际劳工组织
7) IMF 国际货币基金组织
8) NAFTA 北美自由贸易协定
9) WHO 世界卫生组织
10) WTO 世界贸易组织
Task 2
Script
1) Giant kangaroos from a national park near Canberra, Australia's capital, recently attacked an elementary school.
2) Officials in Uganda have begun hunting crocodiles around Lake Victoria.
3) Officials in Chicago, Illinois, are hoping to help the environment by planting gardens on the tops of buildings.
4) China plans to resettle more than 125,000 people because of the huge dam being built on the Yangtse River.
5) Delegates from more than 60 nations and organizations are gathering in Japan to open a conference to help rebuild Afghanistan.
6) Officials from Mongolia and the United Nations have appealed for 11 million dollars in aid for the Asian nation.
7) Early results from the government's population count show that India has more than one billion/1 000 000 000 people.
8) The government says China's population has increased to more than one billion two hundred million/1 200 000 000.
Key
Fill in the blanks with what you hear on the tape.
See the Script.
Task 3
Script
News Item 1
And this news from South Africa--Commonwealth leaders have called for fair treatment for poor nations at the World Trade Organization talks later this month. Commonwealth Secretary-General Emeka Anyaoku read a statement from the leaders during their meeting in Durban. It calls for removal of all trade blocks for the exports of poor countries and it says that strong export growth is necessary for improving the living conditions of poor countries. Ministers from the 134-nation World Trade Organization will meet in the American city of Seattle, Washington, 2 weeks from now. They will plan a new series of trade talks for next year.
News Item 2
Thousands of demonstrators have forced the cancellation of the opening ceremony at the World
Trade Organization meeting in the American city of Seattle, Washington. A WTO official said ministers from 135 member countries will continue trade talks. However, he said the official opening ceremony will take place later. The decision was made after police clashed with demonstrators in the center of Seattle. The demonstrators accused the trade group of defending the interests of big businesses.
They say it does not care about workers and the environment. Representatives at the conference will attempt to settle differences involving aid to farmers, labor rules, trade taxes and other issues.
Key
News Item 1
A. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following
sentences.
1) Leaders from______have appealed for fair treatment for poor nations within the WTO system. (b)
a) the South African Commonwealth b) the Commonwealth
c) developing countries d) industrialized nations
2) The statement calls for a removal of all trade barriers for the export of_______ (c)
a) the Commonwealth b) industrialized countries
c) less developed countries d) all the nations
3)Ministers from WTO member states will meet in____________
(d)
a) Doha b) Durban
c) Uruguay d) Seattle
4) The statement says__________ is necessary for improving the living
conditions of poor nations. (a)
a) strong export growth b) strong import growth
c) foreign aid d) assistance from the WTO
News Item 2
B, Fill in the blanks with what you hear on the tape,
Lead: Thousands of demonstrators have forced the cancellation of the opening ceremony at the World Trade Organization meeting in
the American city of Seattle, Washington.
Further information:
1) Ministers from 135 WTO member countries will continue trade
talks.
2) The official opening was called off because of the clashes
between police and demonstrators in the center of Seattle.
3) The demonstrators accused the WTO of defending the interests
of big businesses at the expenses of those of workers and the
environment.
4) Representatives at the meeting will try to settle differences
involving aid to farmers, labor rules, trade taxes and other
issues.
C. Compare News item 2 with News Item I and answer the following
questions,
1) Why do the demonstrators in Seattle protest against the meeting?
Key: They accused the WTO of protecting the interests of big businesses at the expenses of those of workers and the
environment.
2) In the two news items, what criticisms is the WTO facing?
Key: The WTO is criticized by both poor countries and disadvantaged groups in the Western world. In News Item
1, the WTO faces the criticism particularly from
developing countries that demand more concessions from
developed nations in trade talks. For News Item 2, see the
answer to Question 1.
3) Are these criticisms justified? What do you think of the role of
the WTO in the era of globalization?
Key: Yes. Throughout history, rich people and developed countries have benefited most from the existing
international trade arrangements. Now it's time for them
to give more considerations for poor countries and people.
As a leading actor in the process of globalization, the
WTO should do more to reduce its negative impact on the
poor and the environment.
Task 4
Script
Leaders from many nations are attending the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Conference in the holiday area of Cabo San Lucas, Mexico.
APEC was established in 1989 as a trade group for the nations of Asia and the America. It was formed in reaction to the growing dependency among economies of countries that border the Pacific Ocean. Its goal was to support economic growth among those countries and to create a sense of community. APEC has 21 member economies. The combined population of APEC countries is about 2,500,000,000 (two and one half thousand million) people. The countries are responsible for almost half of all world trade.
APEC foreign and trade ministers started talks earlier this week. On Thursday, the foreign ministers approved a joint statement that promised to suppress the financing of terrorism. The statement also promised to strengthen terrorism for air travel and shipping of goods.
Key
Fill in the blanks with what you hear on the tape.
See the Script.
Task 5
Script
News Item 1
And this news. The computer company Microsoft has become the first company in history to be valued at more than 500,000 million dollars. Microsoft produces an operating system that is used in most of the computers in the world. Microsoft was established by Bill Gates. If the company were a country, it would have the 9th largest economy in the world.
News Item 2
In Washington, a judge has ruled that Microsoft Company has acted as a monopoly. This means Microsoft took steps to end competition from other companies to gain total control of the market. The judge said that
Microsoft's business actions harmed people who buy computer products. The court decision is considered a major defeat for the company. Microsoft is the world's largest maker of computer software products.
Key
A. Answer the following questions.
1) What does Microsoft produce?
Key: Computer products, and particularly an operating system.
2) What was the Washington judge’s ruling?
Key: The judge ruled that Microsoft company has acted as a monopoly.
3) What does "monopoly" mean?
Key: Monopoly means blocking competition from other companies to gain total control of the market.
4) According to the judge, who was harmed by Microsoft's business
actions?
Key: People who buy computer products.
B. Complete the following sentences with what you hear on the tape.
1) Microsoft has become the first company to be valued at more than
500,000 million dollars.
2) Microsoft is famous for its operating system that is used in most of the
computers in the world.
3) Microsoft would rank the 9th in the world in terms of economy if it
were a country.
4) The judge said Microsoft was guilty of blocking/ending/stopping
competition.
5) The judge also said Microsoft's business actions harmed people who
buy computer products.
Task 6
Script
In November, a Washington D.C. judge found the Microsoft Corporation guilty of misusing its power to control the market for computer programs. Judge Thomas Penfield Jackson announced his findings after months of trial. He said Microsoft uses its power to illegally block competition.
Judge Jackson later ordered that Microsoft be divided into two smaller businesses. The Microsoft Corporation quickly appealed Judge Jackson's ruling to a Federal Court.
Last week, the Federal Appeals Court ruled on the case. It said Microsoft Corporation was guilty of creating a company that used its power to block competition. The seven Appeals Court judges agreed with Judge Jackson that Microsoft limited creativity in the computer industry and harmed the public. They said that Microsoft was guilty of violating several federal laws.
However, the Federal Appeals Court also said the Washington D.C. court must reconsider its order to divide Microsoft into two smaller companies. The federal court dismissed Judge Jackson's decision. The Appeals Court judges accused Judge Jackson of not being fair during the Microsoft Trial. They severely criticized him for comments he made about Microsoft and its chairman to reporters during the trial.
The Federal Appeals Court also said Judge Jackson repeated these mistakes several times. It said the public would lose its trust in a legal system that permits judges to speak their opinions to reporters
during a trial.
Legal experts say both the federal government and Microsoft can claim small victories with the Federal Appeals Court ruling. The experts say government lawyers were able to prove that Microsoft is guilty of violating federal laws. At the same time, Microsoft can claim a victory because it may not have to divide into two smaller companies.
Legal experts say government lawyers and the lawyers for Microsoft must now choose one of three different possible paths. First, either side could appeal the Federal Court's decision to the Supreme Court. Or, they could request a new trial before a different lower court judge to consider some 0f the unresolved legal questions. A third choice is for both sides to reopen negotiations to try to settle the case privately. Such efforts failed during the Clinton Administration.
Bill Gates is the head of Microsoft Corporation. He says it is now a good time for all the groups involved to discuss the situation and see what kind of solution could be negotiated.
Most legal experts believe that the Microsoft Company and government lawyers will come to an agreement during future negotiations. They say Microsoft may be punished by being forced to pay money.
Key
A. Decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F) according
to the tape.
l) In this case the Federal Government sues the Microsoft Corporation. [T]
2) The Federal Appeals Court ruled that Microsoft should be divided into two smaller companies. [F]
3) Judge Jackson was fired, for he gave his opinions to reporters during the trial. [F]
4) Either Microsoft or the federal government could appeal to the Supreme Court after the Federal Appeals Court ruled on the case. [T] 5) According to some legal experts, it is very likely that Microsoft and the government would settle the dispute through negotiations. [T]
6) Both Judge Jackson and the Federal Appeals Court agreed that Microsoft was guilty of monopoly in its business actions. [T]
B. Fill in the missing words of the outline.
Judge Jackson's rulings
1) Microsoft was guilty of misusing its power to control the market for computer programs.
2) Microsoft should be divided into two smaller businesses.
The Federal Appeals Court's rulings
1) Microsoft was guilty of establishing a company that used its power to block competition.
2) The Washington D.C. Court must reconsider its order to divide Microsoft into two smaller businesses.
3) Judge Jackson was not fair/being fair, for he made comments on Microsoft and Bill Gates to reporters during the trial.
Legal experts' comments
1) Both the federal government and Microsoft can claim small victories with the ruling.
2) There are three options for Microsoft and the government.
a) Either side could appeal the decision to the Supreme Court.
b) Either side could request a new trial before a different lower court to
consider some of the unresolved legal questions.
c) They could reopen negotiations to try to settle the case privately.
Bill Gates' response
It's a good time for all the parties concerned to discuss the situation and
see what kind of solution could be negotiated.
Prospects
1) The Microsoft and government lawyers will come to an agreement during future negotiations.
2) Microsoft is likely to be punished by being forced to pay money.
Task 7
Script
News Item 1
In space news. The space shuttle Atlantis has taken off from Cape Canaveral, Florida. The space-ship will send the Destiny scientific research laboratory into orbit. The laboratory is an important part of the International Space Station. NASA officials say Destiny is the most technologically complex research center ever put into space. The laboratory has cost over 1,000,000,000 dollars to build. Space shuttle astronauts will make three walks in space during an eleven-day mission to attach the laboratory to the International Space Station's Control Center.
News Item 2
The first laboratory has been connected to the International Space Station. The American space shuttle Atlantis was launched from the
Kennedy Space Center, Wednesday, February 7th. It carried the new laboratory Destiny to the space station, which is orbiting Earth. Destiny is the first of six space laboratories that will be launched and added to the space station. The five crew members of Atlantis used the space shuttle's huge mechanical arm to take the laboratory out of the shuttle. The arm carefully moved Destiny to a linking device on the International Space Station. Two members of the Atlantis crew put on protective clothing. They left the shuttle and moved out into space to complete work on the link.
Key
News Item 1
A. Answer the following questions.
1) What's the mission of the American space shuttle Atlantis?
Key: It will send Destiny into Orbit.
2) What is Destiny?
Key: It is a scientific research laboratory.
3) What did the NASA official say about Destiny?
Key: Destiny is the most technologically complex research center ever put into space.
4) How much does Destiny cost?
Key: It cost over 1,000,000,000 dollars to build.
5) How long will the mission last?
Key: It will last eleven days.
6) What will the astronauts do during the mission?
Key: They will make three walks in space to attach the laboratory to the International Space Station's Control Center.
News Item 2
B. Fill in the blanks in the news analysis below.
News Lead: The first laboratory has been connected to the International Space Station.
Further details:
1) Atlantis was launched from the Kennedy Space Center, Wednesday, February 7th.
2) It carried the new laboratory Destiny to the space station.
3) The crew members used the space shuttle's huge mechanical arm to take the laboratory out of the shuttle.
4) The arm carefully moved Destiny to a linking device on the International Space Station.
5) Two members of the Atlantis crew wearing protective clothing left the shuttle and moved into space to complete work on the link.
Task 8
Script
The World Trade Center is 110 stories high. Four hundred firms had offices there employing tens of thousands of people. When the planes hit, it's thought between 10 and 20 thousand people would have been sitting at their desks. Before the collapse of the building, many people did manage to get away, but figures aren't yet known.
So far 55 bodies have been recovered. 260 police officers and firefighters who went into the building after the planes crashed are missing and feared dead. In the Pentagon, the world's largest office building, rescuers are still searching the rubble. It's thought around 80 bodies there have been found but estimates of those who died could go up to about 800.
Key
Fill in the blanks with what you hear on the tape.
See the Script.
Task 9
Script
Bruce Springsteen's new album was released July 30th. It is number one in record sales in more than ten countries. Most of its songs are about the September 11th terrorist attacks. Shep O'Neal plays some of the songs on the album, The Rising.
"You're Missing" is probably the saddest song on The Rising. A
woman's husband has died. She and her children see the many things that belonged to him around .the house, but he is gone. "Into the Fire" is about one of the hundreds of police, firefighters and rescue workers who died in the terrorist attacks. The song honors the love and sense of duty he showed that day. It is also a prayer for the strength and hope that his sacrifice represents.
Songs on The Rising also express anger about the attacks. But, the anger is mostly a personal statement, not a political one. The song "Empty Skies" describes the desire to strike back that a person feels after a senseless loss.
The album's title song appeals to listeners to come together and heal each other. We leave you now with Bruce Springsteen's hopeful title song, "The Rising."
Key
A. Fill in the blanks with what you hear on the tape.
Bruce Springsteen's new album was released on July 30th. It is number one in record sales in more than ten countries. Most of its songs are about the September 11th terrorist attack. Shep O'Neal plays some of the songs on the album, The Rising.
B. Give brief descriptions of the songs in the album
Task 10
Script
News Item 1
A four-year exhibition of the works of the Dutch artist Vincent van Gogh has opened in Amsterdam with the unveiling of one of his early drawings which has only recently come to light; the drawing in water color, pencil and ink depicts a woman carrying a child along a windswept road. It was sent to the museum by a German art dealer acting for an anonymous collector. The work dated 1883 is one of the main attractions in the exhibition at Amsterdam's van Gogh Museum.
News Item 2
Sunday will be the most important day of the year for hundreds of people in the movie industry. Filmmakers will receive Academy Awards for the best acting, directing, writing, editing, sound, music and other
work on movies released last year. The winners will receive an award called an Oscar. It is shaped like a man. It is made of several metals covered with gold. The statue is only about 34 centimeters tall. It weighs less than four kilograms. But the award can be priceless to the person who receives it. Winning an Oscar can mean becoming much more famous. It can mean getting offers to work in the best movies. It also can mean earning much more money.
Key
News Item 1
A. Answer the following questions.
1) What exhibition has opened in Amsterdam?
Key: A four-year exhibition of the work of the Dutch artist Vincent van Gogh has opened in Amsterdam.
2) Which of his drawings is shown publicly for the first time?
Key: It is one of his early drawings in water color, pencil and ink, which depicts a woman carrying a child along a windswept road.
3) Who sent the drawing to the museum?
Key: A German art dealer acting for an anonymous collector.
4) When was the drawing done?
Key: In 1883.
News Item 2
B. Fill in the blanks with what you hear on the tape.
Sunday will be the most important day of the year for hundreds of people in the movie industry. Filmmakers will receive Academy Awards for the best acting, directing, writing, editing, sound, music and other work on movie released last year. The winners will receive an award called a(n) Oscar. It is shaped like a man. It is made of several metals covered with gold. The statue is only about 34 centimeters tall. It weighs less than four kilograms. But the award can be priceless to the person who receives it. Winning an Oscar can mean becoming much more famous. It can mean getting offers to work in the best movies. It also can mean earning much more money.
Task 11
Script
News media are the means, or methods, by which people learn what is happening in their city, in their country, and in the world. The news media can be classified into two general categories. The categories are print media and electronic media.
Print media are usually divided into magazines and newspapers. Most newspapers print news daily. For example, the newspaper The New York Times is published every day of the year. Most news magazines are
published weekly. For instance, Newsweek and Time magazines are published once a week.
The electronic media are generally divided into radio and television. Radio news is news that you listen to. In the Unites States, many radio stations broadcast 5 minutes of news every hour on the hour. Television news is news that you not only listen to but also watch.
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