国际贸易实务双语教程Chapter2 Quantity, Quality and Packaging of Commodity
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The quality of goods is the integration of the intrinsic attributes and the outer forms or shapes of goods.
› Siபைடு நூலகம்nificance of Quality of Goods 品质的重要性
Measurement Units 计量单位
› To Calculate by Weight 按重量计量 1 metric ton (metric system) = 1 000 kg 1 long ton (British system) = 1 016 kg 1 short ton (U.S. system) = 907 kg
Quality of goods not only refers to the value of use and the value of the commodity, but also affects the market price and marketability of the commodity, involving the relevant corporate and even a country's reputation.
② Adopt discount price when the quality is below the stipulation of the contract.
Significance of Stipulating Quantity of Goods 约定商品数量的意义
› Quantity clause is also one of the essential terms and conditions in a contract.
Points for Attention When Signing Commodity Quality Clause 签订品质条款的注意事项 › Quality Tolerance 品质公差 1. Points for Attention 注意事项
① The buyer should not require returning goods and compensation within the range of quality tolerance. 在公差范围内，买方不得要求退货和赔偿。
3. Adopt international common terms as practical as possible.
4. Pay attention to the appropriate choice of commodity name.
Quality of Goods 商品的品质 › Definition of Quality of Goods 品质的定义
Terms of quality, quantity and the delivery time are defined as the terms and conditions in Anglo-American Contract Law.
Breach of contract is divided into breach of conditions and breach of warranty, which have different legal consequences.
› To Calculate by Number 按数量计算
piece, pair, set, dozen, roll, ream, gross, bag, bale
Measurement Units 计量单位
› To Calculate by Length 按长度计算 cloth, rope, etc., e. g. meter, foot, yard…
Methods of Stipulating Quality of Goods 表示品质的方法 › Sale by Actual Commodity 凭实物表示品质 1. Sale by Inspection 看货买卖 2. Sale by Sample 凭样品买卖
Concept 概念 Two Basic Requirements for Sale by Sample Types 种类 Points for Attention in Sale by Sample
woods, natural gas, chemical gas, etc, e.g. cubic meter, cubic foot…
② Within the range of quality tolerance, price adjustment is not allowed. 在公差范围内不得调整价格。
③ The quality tolerance is used in terms of industrial manufactured goods. 针对工业制成品而言。
Description of Commodity and Its Significance 商品的品名及其意义
› Significance of Stipulating the Description of Commodity 列明品名的意义 The description of commodity is actually a legal definition of the subject matter in the transaction.
Points for Attention When Signing Commodity Quality Clause 签订品质条款的注意事项
› Quality Tolerance 品质公差
1. Definition 定义
The tolerance that is recognized internationally such as manufactured goods like watch which is allowed a quality tolerance within 60 seconds per day.
1. A certain deviation is allowed in the quality clause 对品质的规定，允许有一定差异
2. Method of Stipulating Quality Latitude 规定品质机动幅度的方法
To stipulate more or less allowance To stipulate “max” or “min” To stipulate a certain scope
5. Sale by Brand Name or Trade Mark 凭商标或品牌的买卖
6. Sale by Product Origin 凭产地名称的买卖
Points for Attention When Signing Commodity Quality Clause 签订品质条款的注意事项
2. Make a realistic stipulation based on the goods, avoid exaggeration about the commodity.
Description of Commodity and Its Significance 商品的品名及其意义
› Points for Attention in Stipulating Description of Commodity Clause 规定品名条款注意事项
› British Sale of Goods Act 1893 (1993 Revision) provides, "If the quantity delivered by the seller is greater than the amount stipulated in the contract, the buyer is entitled to reject the goods excessive in quantity, or he may reject the whole lot.”
Points for Attention When Signing Commodity Quality Clause 签订品质条款的注意事项
› Quality Latitude---in terms of bulk agricultural byproducts, metals and minerals 品质机动幅度 ―――针对大宗农副产品、五金矿产品
› Quality Tolerance 品质公差
1. Definition 定义
The tolerance that is recognized internationally such as manufactured goods like watch which is allowed a quality tolerance within 60 seconds per day.
Quality of Goods 商品的品质 › Quality Requirements 对品质的要求 ISO9000 Standard ISO9000标准
ISO14000 Environmental Standards ISO14000环境保护标准
CE Mark CE标志
UL Mark UL标志
› To Calculate by Area 按面积计算 glass, carpets, leather… etc., e. g. square meter, square foot, square yard
Measurement Units 计量单位
› To Calculate by Volume按体积计算
Description of Commodity and Its Significance 商品的品名及其意义
› Points for Attention in Stipulating Description of Commodity Clause 规定品名条款注意事项
1. In the description of commodity clause of the sales contract, the stipulation of the commodity must be precise and specific.
Points for Attention When Signing Commodity Quality Clause 签订品质条款的注意事项 › Quality Latitude---in terms of bulk agricultural byproducts, metals and minerals 品质机动幅度 ―――针对大宗农副产品、五金矿产品
凭样品买卖应注意的事项
Methods of Stipulating Quality of Goods 表示品质的方法 › Sale by Description 凭文字说明表示商品的品质 1. Sale By Specification 凭规格的买卖 2. Sale by Grade 凭等级的买卖 3. Sale by Standard 凭标准的买卖 4. Sale by Specifications and Illustrations 凭说明书和图样买卖
Commodity price can be adjusted within the range of quality latitude 品质机动幅度范围内价格可以调整。
① Fix the price according to the quality and stipulate “Price Adjustment Clause Relating to Quality”.
› Siபைடு நூலகம்nificance of Quality of Goods 品质的重要性
Measurement Units 计量单位
› To Calculate by Weight 按重量计量 1 metric ton (metric system) = 1 000 kg 1 long ton (British system) = 1 016 kg 1 short ton (U.S. system) = 907 kg
Quality of goods not only refers to the value of use and the value of the commodity, but also affects the market price and marketability of the commodity, involving the relevant corporate and even a country's reputation.
② Adopt discount price when the quality is below the stipulation of the contract.
Significance of Stipulating Quantity of Goods 约定商品数量的意义
› Quantity clause is also one of the essential terms and conditions in a contract.
Points for Attention When Signing Commodity Quality Clause 签订品质条款的注意事项 › Quality Tolerance 品质公差 1. Points for Attention 注意事项
① The buyer should not require returning goods and compensation within the range of quality tolerance. 在公差范围内，买方不得要求退货和赔偿。
3. Adopt international common terms as practical as possible.
4. Pay attention to the appropriate choice of commodity name.
Quality of Goods 商品的品质 › Definition of Quality of Goods 品质的定义
Terms of quality, quantity and the delivery time are defined as the terms and conditions in Anglo-American Contract Law.
Breach of contract is divided into breach of conditions and breach of warranty, which have different legal consequences.
› To Calculate by Number 按数量计算
piece, pair, set, dozen, roll, ream, gross, bag, bale
Measurement Units 计量单位
› To Calculate by Length 按长度计算 cloth, rope, etc., e. g. meter, foot, yard…
Methods of Stipulating Quality of Goods 表示品质的方法 › Sale by Actual Commodity 凭实物表示品质 1. Sale by Inspection 看货买卖 2. Sale by Sample 凭样品买卖
Concept 概念 Two Basic Requirements for Sale by Sample Types 种类 Points for Attention in Sale by Sample
woods, natural gas, chemical gas, etc, e.g. cubic meter, cubic foot…
② Within the range of quality tolerance, price adjustment is not allowed. 在公差范围内不得调整价格。
③ The quality tolerance is used in terms of industrial manufactured goods. 针对工业制成品而言。
Description of Commodity and Its Significance 商品的品名及其意义
› Significance of Stipulating the Description of Commodity 列明品名的意义 The description of commodity is actually a legal definition of the subject matter in the transaction.
Points for Attention When Signing Commodity Quality Clause 签订品质条款的注意事项
› Quality Tolerance 品质公差
1. Definition 定义
The tolerance that is recognized internationally such as manufactured goods like watch which is allowed a quality tolerance within 60 seconds per day.
1. A certain deviation is allowed in the quality clause 对品质的规定，允许有一定差异
2. Method of Stipulating Quality Latitude 规定品质机动幅度的方法
To stipulate more or less allowance To stipulate “max” or “min” To stipulate a certain scope
5. Sale by Brand Name or Trade Mark 凭商标或品牌的买卖
6. Sale by Product Origin 凭产地名称的买卖
Points for Attention When Signing Commodity Quality Clause 签订品质条款的注意事项
2. Make a realistic stipulation based on the goods, avoid exaggeration about the commodity.
Description of Commodity and Its Significance 商品的品名及其意义
› Points for Attention in Stipulating Description of Commodity Clause 规定品名条款注意事项
› British Sale of Goods Act 1893 (1993 Revision) provides, "If the quantity delivered by the seller is greater than the amount stipulated in the contract, the buyer is entitled to reject the goods excessive in quantity, or he may reject the whole lot.”
Points for Attention When Signing Commodity Quality Clause 签订品质条款的注意事项
› Quality Latitude---in terms of bulk agricultural byproducts, metals and minerals 品质机动幅度 ―――针对大宗农副产品、五金矿产品
› Quality Tolerance 品质公差
1. Definition 定义
The tolerance that is recognized internationally such as manufactured goods like watch which is allowed a quality tolerance within 60 seconds per day.
Quality of Goods 商品的品质 › Quality Requirements 对品质的要求 ISO9000 Standard ISO9000标准
ISO14000 Environmental Standards ISO14000环境保护标准
CE Mark CE标志
UL Mark UL标志
› To Calculate by Area 按面积计算 glass, carpets, leather… etc., e. g. square meter, square foot, square yard
Measurement Units 计量单位
› To Calculate by Volume按体积计算
Description of Commodity and Its Significance 商品的品名及其意义
› Points for Attention in Stipulating Description of Commodity Clause 规定品名条款注意事项
1. In the description of commodity clause of the sales contract, the stipulation of the commodity must be precise and specific.
Points for Attention When Signing Commodity Quality Clause 签订品质条款的注意事项 › Quality Latitude---in terms of bulk agricultural byproducts, metals and minerals 品质机动幅度 ―――针对大宗农副产品、五金矿产品
凭样品买卖应注意的事项
Methods of Stipulating Quality of Goods 表示品质的方法 › Sale by Description 凭文字说明表示商品的品质 1. Sale By Specification 凭规格的买卖 2. Sale by Grade 凭等级的买卖 3. Sale by Standard 凭标准的买卖 4. Sale by Specifications and Illustrations 凭说明书和图样买卖
Commodity price can be adjusted within the range of quality latitude 品质机动幅度范围内价格可以调整。
① Fix the price according to the quality and stipulate “Price Adjustment Clause Relating to Quality”.