2020-2021学年宁夏银川一中高三英语第四次联考试题及答案解析

2020-2021学年宁夏银川一中高三英语第四次联考试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
These wonderful NYC attractions offer pay — what — you — wish days, free entry hours/days and other great stuff for local families.
Staten IslandZoo
There are plenty of creatures who call NYC home—the Staten Island Zoo is one of them. Once you’ve finished learning about the wildlife in the animal nursery, reptile (爬行动物) side rooms, horse barn and other areas of the attraction, make sure to mark your schedule for fun seasonal happenings, such as the Easter Egg Games and the scary, crazy Halloween Shows.
Entry on Wednesdays is by suggested donation; children aged two and under free.
Children’s Museum of the Arts
The Children’s Museum of the Arts welcomes 135,000 little visitors each year through its doors. Once inside, the whole family can enjoy interactive programs, exhibitions (展览) and events that celebrate the changed power of the arts on youngsters and grown-ups alike.
Pay-as-you-wish Thursdays, 3-6 p. m.
Wave Hill
Everyone needs a few hours of calm now and then-kids included-and you’d be hard- pressed to find a more peaceful spot within city limits than Wave Hill the broad grounds located above the river, covering 28 acres of public gardens, plus woodlands and grasses to wander. Jump in on nature walks, story times and family art projects often led by local artists and free with general admission.
Pay — as — you — wish Tuesdays and Saturdays,9 a. m — noon.
New York Hall of Science
Naturally, kids love it when the New York Hall of Science pleases them with neat exhibits and fun hands-on activities. The museum’s playground is themost attractivetochildren A tube slide (管道滑梯) will give little ones the knowledge on science topics, while the climbing area mirrors a giant spider web. There are also wind pipes, metal drums, sand- boxes and much more. What better way to make the mostout of science?
Free entry Sep-Jun on Fridays, 2 — 5 p. m，and Sundays, 10 —11 a. m.
1. What can children do in Staten Island Zoo?
A. Feed injured animals.
B. Join in seasonal activities.
C. Build a home for creatures.
D. Deal with the donations to the zoo.
2. What do Children’s Museum of the Arts and Wave Hill have in common?
A. They both have peaceful spots.
B. They both are located by a river.
C. They both have public gardens.
D. They both have activities about arts.
3. Which place can be free of charge for all?
A. Wave Hill.
B.Staten IslandZoo.
C. New York Hall of Science.
D. Children’s Museum of the Arts.
B
A cheap printed sensor could transmit wildfire warnings. Wildfires have recently destroyed regions across the world, and theirgravityis increasing. Hoping to reduce harm, researchersled by Yapei Wang, a Chinese chemist ofRenminUniversity, say they have developed an inexpensive sensor to detect such fires earlier with less effort.
Current detection methods rely heavily on human watchfulness, which can delay an effective response. Most wildfires are reported by the general public, and other alerts come from routine foot patrols and watchtower observers. Passing planes and satellites also occasionally spot something, but “the fire first appears on the ground," Wang says. “ When you see the fire from the sky, it is too late. ”
The team says its new sensor can be placed near tree trunks' bases and send a wireless signal to a nearby receiver if there is a dramatic temperature increase. That heat also powers the sensor itself, without replacing batteries. The team printed the substances onto ordinary paper to create a sensor for just $ 0.40.
But improving coordination among the different agencies involved in firefighting is even more crucial to address, says Graham Kent, an earthquake expert at theUniversityofNevada,Reno, who was not part of the study.Kentis director of ALERTWildfire, a network that uses cameras and crowd sourcing to watch for fires inCalifornia,NevadaandOregon. “The whole way that you respond to a fire until it's put out is like a ballet," he says.
“You'd have to choreograph (设计) it just so, with resources precisely used at the right time and place and in the right order from detection to confirmation to assignment to extinguishment (熄灭).Fire detection is just step one.
Wang says his team's next steps are to extend the device'ssignal range beyond the current 100 meters, which can limit practical use, and to develop a protective shield for it. The transmitter's effectiveness, he notes, will also need to be examined in the field ahead.
4. What does the underlined word “gravity” in paragraph 1 probably mean?
A. Pull.
B. Extinction.
C. Popularity.
D. Severity.
5. What do we know about the sensor?
A. Its price remains high.
B. Its batteries are replaceable.
C. It can detect fires earlier and easier.
D. It can reduce firefighters' pain.
6. What doesKentmean in paragraph 4?
A. Firefighting is easy but crucial.
B. Fire detection resources are rich.
C. Putting out a fire is an orderly activity.
D. Technology is the key to extinguishing a fire.
7. What's the plan for the new sensor according to Wang?
A. Improving and testing it.
B. Limiting its use and transmission.
C. Examing and reducing its signal range.
D. Getting it on the market ahead of time.
C
Cigarettes aren’t just harmful when they’re being smoked. Even when cigarette ends go out and are cold, new research has found they continue to give off harmful chemicals in the air. In the first 24 hours alone, scientists say a used cigarette end will produce 14 percent of the nicotine (尼古丁) that an actively burning cigarette would produce.
While most of these chemicals are released within a day of being put out,an analysis for the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) found the level of nicotine fell by just 50% five days later.
“I was ly surprised,” since environmental engineer Dustin Poppendieck from the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). “The numbers are significant and could have important impacts when cigarette ends are dealt with indoors or in cars. While much attention has been paid to the health influence of first-hand, second-hand and now third-hand smoking, it is not the case when it comes to the actual cigarette end of the matter.”
To measure emissions (排放) from this forgotten thing, Poppendieck and his team placed 2,100 cigarettes that were recently put out inside a special room. Once the ends weresealed away, the team measured eight chemicals commonly produced by cigarettes, four of which the FDA have their eye on for being harmful or potentially so.
After setting the room’s temperature, the researchers tested how emissions changed under certain conditions. When the air temperature of the room was higher, for instance, they noticed the ends produced these chemicals at higher rates. This finding might discourage those who want to leave ashtrays (烟灰缸) out for days at
a time, especially in the heat.
8. What do the researchers say about cigarette ends?
A They contain little nicotine.
B. They produce no nicotine five days later.
C. They give off nicotine for days.
D. They create as much nicotine as burning cigarettes.
9. What do Poppendieck’s words suggest?
A. First-hand smoking does most harm.
B. The findings are within his expectation.
C. Cigarettes should be dealt with indoors.
D. Health influence of cigarette ends is ignored.
10. Which word best describes the author’s attitude to not cleaning ashtrays for days?
A. Unclear.
B. Disapproving.
C. Unconcerned.
D. Puzzled.
11. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Used Cigarette Ends Release Harmful Chemicals
B. Cigarettes Are More Harmful While Being Smoked
C. Research Found Reasons For Cigarette Ends’ Harm
D. Cigarette Ends Produce More Chemicals in the Heat
D
As a rider, Anna Kiesenhofe’s Olympics victory might be a surprise. The winner of the road race at the Tokyo Olympics left the sport at the end of 2017 when she found herself out of contract (合同). She came into Tokyo without a professional team and left as an Olympic champion.
The 30-year old began her cycling career in 2014 after running injuries that prevented her from continuing her pursuits of triathlon (铁人三项). She later joined a Catalan team and won the Spanish National Cup in 2016.
The then-26 year old signedher first professional contract with Lotto Soudal Ladies for the following season. However, she ended her 2017 campaign in April and did not sign a contract for 2018, eventually taking a year off the bike. In 2019, Kiesenhofer came back to the sport as a rider, winning the Austrian national road race. Despite her results, Kiesenhofer sill had no professional contract while going into the Tokyo Olympics.
Kiesenhofer was the first rider to attack in the Olympic road race, eventually forming a breakaway along with Carl Oberholzer, Omer Shapira, Vera Looser and Anna Plichta, which went on to reach a gap of 11 minutes. After Looser and Oberholzer were dropped, Kiesnhofer ataced her two remaining breakaway companions.
After Shapira and Plichta were caught by the peloton (主车群), the rest of the riders seemed to believe that they were racing among themselves for Gold, not knowing that Remehofere was still in front. While it might be a misjudgment from the rest of the peloton that allowed Kiesenhofer to keep her lead of more than two minutes, other riders’ mistakes should not detract from the Austrian’s efforts.
Off the bike the new Olympic Champion has a PhD in mathematics after studying at the Technical University of Vienne as well as at Cambridge University. She currently works at the University of Lausanne.
12. Why did Anna give up triathlon?
A. She got injured.
B. She lost interest in it.
C. She had to attend university.
D. She never won a medal.
13. Which is the right order of the following events?
①She ended her campaign.
②She took a year off the bike.
③She began her cycling career.
④She won the Austrian national road race.
⑤She won the Spanish National Cup.
A. ③④①②⑤.
B. ②③④①⑤.
C. ③⑤①②④.
D. ④②③①⑤.
14. What were the riders of the peloton unaware of at the Tokyo Olympics?
A. The road race was so difficult.
B. Anna was a new rider.
C. They had caught up with Anna.
D. Anna took the lead of them.
15. What is Anna’s present job?
A. A cycling coach.
B. A university teacher.
C A professional rider. D. A college student.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
Food is part of who we are. It’s part of our habits and cultures. Sadly, we love food, but we don’t take care of it.____16____. Here are ways to help us love our food better and grow respectthe world behind what we eat. Reduce your food waste.
Buy only the food you need, learn to love ugly fruits and vegetables, store food wisely, donate excess and turn leftover food into the next day’s meals. When we waste food, all the resources used for growing, processing, transporting and marketing that food are wasted too.____17____.
Support your local food producers.
Chefs get awards, stars and recognition for their creations. But what about our farmers,____18____. Aren’t farmers the real heroes? Shop at your local markets and get to know your farmers.
Giving them your business is giving them your recognition and respect.
Adopt a healthier, more sustainable diet.
____19____. We get our energy and maintain our health from good food. We normally don’t pay attention to the power that food and nutrition have over our bodies. We need to respect that food is fuel. Too much of it, or too much of only one kind of it, can lead to obesity or diet-related diseases.
____20____.
By treating each meal with pride, we respect the farmers who produced it, the resources that went into it and the people who go without. Respect can be passed on. Talk to the people around you and to the next generation about making informed, healthy and sustainable food choices.
A. Have a conversation
B. Learn where food comes from
C. Our bodies run off of calories and nutrients
D. For many people on the planet, food is a given
E. Food is so much more than what is on our plates
F. About one third of all food produced globally is lost or wasted
G. Without them, we wouldn’t have the fresh food we need on a daily basis
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
I live in a rural community in the United States. A rural area is different from a city because there are___21___people. My home is deep in a valley___22___by mountains that are rocky and covered in trees.___23___many farms are located in rural areas because they require large plots of land to grow food or___24___farm animals, in my community the mountains and___25___soil make it difficult to farm. This is one___26___why few people live in my area.
What’s it like to live in the mountains? Since we have a lot of___27___, we get to have horses and chickens. My family___28___eggs from the chickens for breakfast. We also lose electricity a lot because the trees fall on power lines whenever there’s a___29___In my community, people keep battery- powered flashlights and oil lamps stored in case the lights___30___. Some people also use a generator-- a machine that generates electricity from gasoline—whenever there are___31___
Going to school in a rural area means having fewer classmates and___32___longer distances. To get to my high school, I must drive forty miles to the___33___city. This means I must get up much earlier than my___34___classmates in order to be on time. The roads in my community aren’t paved with asphalt(沥青) either, so during storms they___35___become too muddy or snowy to pass. In cities a snowplow(扫雪机)___36___quickly, but areas where fewer people live aren’t the priority(优先), so days can pass before a snowplow___37___theroad. Sometimes I must miss school because storms make it____38____to drive.
I am not sure____39____if I want to live in the country or in the city when I grow up. I like being in nature, hearing the creek and the birds, and having a big yard. I also like being in the city, though, where I can go howling or skating, or see my friends. It can get____40____in the country, although I do love being around our animals.
21. A. few B. many C. fewer D. more
22. A. surrounded B. hidden C. shadowed D. enriched
23. A. When B. While C. Because D. If
24. A. feed B. grow C. train D. house
25. A. rich B. muddy C. rock D. snowy
26. A. explanation B. cause C. excuse D. reason
27. A. space B. room C. place D. land
28. A. lays B. harvests C. buys D. picks
29. A. storm B. thunder C. lighting D. shower
30. A. put out B. wear out C. run out D. go out
31. A. dangers B. risks C. emergencies D. incidents
32. A. walking B. running C. driving D. traveling
33. A. nearby B. distant C. nearest D. farthest
34. A. rural B. city C. old D. new
35. A. can B. may C. must D. should
36. A. comes by B. comes about C. comes to D. comes out
37. A. cleans B. digs C. clears D. covers
38. A. likely B. necessary C. improper D. impossible
39. A. still B. yet C. even D. as
40. A. quiet B. lonely C. alone D. busy
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Beijing Daxing International Airport opened for operations in September 2019, following upwards of four years of construction. The new Beijing airport was built on a 6,620 acre site____41.____(locate) 46 km south of Beijing's political center, Tiananmen Square.
China___42.___(project) to overtake the United States as the world's___43.___(big) air travel market by 2022. This new modern airport employs a special intelligent lighting system, supported by eight big C-shaped columns___44.___let in the sunlight,___45.___(bright) the architecture and structure. Therefore, it minimizes the need to use electric lighting.___46.___(offer) a more refreshing travel experience, five outdoor courtyards with the themes "Silk Garden”，“Tea Garden”，“Porcelain Garden”，“Countryside Garden" and “Chinese Garden" are featured at the end of the five departure lounges (等候室)___47.___use by passengers waiting for their flights. Travelers will be scanned on cameras using facial___48.___(recognize). Counters will be fully automated to capture face___49.___(photo) and relay them over each part of the journey through the airport, including security and the departure gate.
The “modest” initial operational target at Daxing is to accommodate 72 million passengers and 2 million tons of commodities annually by 2025. The ambitious master plan calls for the building of a total of seven
runways,____50.____moving at least 100 million passengers and 4 million tons of commodities a year through the airport.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I prefer my English classes to be taught only by English, because it is helpful for us improve the ability of speaking and listening.
I have strong interested in English and foreign culture. I’d like to be totally absorbing in the atmosphere of English so that I can quickly make a progress. Therefore, since we are all English beginners, it’s really hard to understand the words what are difficult. We need Chinese explanation sometime.
So my viewpoint is that we should using Chinese as a minor way to explain things that is hard to understand.第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

A. J.shut the door of the truck. “Ready,” he said. Hisdadstarted thetruck. It was six o’clock and freezing, but the strong morning sun promised warmer temperatures. It had been colder than normal over the past week, and the ground and ponds were alreadyfrozen.
“After we check on the cows,” Dad said, “you should have some time to practice roping cattle.” A. J. wanted to enter the rodeos (牛仔竞技表演) in which cowboys rode wild horses, and caught cattle with ropes.
The best professionals could break from the gate on horseback,ropeacalf(小牛), and hog-tie the calf in less than ten seconds. So far, A.J. needed nearly a minute and a half, but he’d only been at it for a few months.
The truck bounced down the dirt road. In a few minutes, they passed through the field gate.
A. J. pulled a pair of telescopes. The black spots of cows on the far hill took shape. The cows gathered around thepond. A. J. guessed they wanted the water locked under the ice. Suddenly, they heard extremely frightened shouts from one cow. Dad stopped the truck, and he and A. J. stared at the frozen pond anxiously.
A calf lay on the ice in the middle of the pond. A cow, no doubt the calf’s mother, stood onshore, shouting
desperately. The calfstruggledto get up but slipped and fell each time.
The morning sun seemed warmer. Too warm. A. J. knew that the situation was urgent. If the calf lay there too long, she could fall through the ice and drown. Dad eased the truck down the hill and stopped at the edge of the pond. “No telling how long she’s been there,” he said. “The ice could be about to melt. I don’t think we can risk it.” Dad shook his head, “It’s just not safe.”
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

Paragraph 1:
A. J. watched the calf, whose eyes were wide with fright.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2:
It would be just like rodeo practice, A. J. thought, trying to stay calm.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. B
2. D
3. C
4. D
5. C
6. C
7. A
8. C 9. D 10. B 11. A
12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B
16. F 17. E 18. G 19. C 20. A
21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. C 32.
D 33. C 34. B 35. A 36. A 37. C 38. D 39. B 40. B
41. located
42. will have been projected
43. biggest
44. that/which
45. brightening
46. To offer
47. for 48. recognition 49. photos 50. and
51.(1). by → in
(2). us后面加to
(3). interested → interest
(4). absorbing → absorbed
(5). 去掉progress前面的a
(6). Therefore → However
(7). what → that/which
(8). sometime → sometimes
(9). using → use
(10). is → are
52.略。