2021年重庆市高考英语最新调研试卷-含答案与解析

2021年重庆市高考英语最新调研试卷
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分7.5分）第一节（共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）1．（7.5分）
New Scientist Discovery Tour
Amazing science﹣inspired tours across the globe with experts on board and in the company of fellow travelers who enjoy the discovery of science.
Space：Past and Future：USA
14 days for £4，799
Departing 6th May and 14th September 2020
Follow the USA's footsteps in exploring space with this comprehensive tour of NASA's space centers and other key sites，including the Very Large Array in attractive New Mexico. Plus，visit the world's first commercial spaceport with leading researchers.
The Science of the Renaissance（文艺复兴）：Italy
7 days for £1，825
Departing 3rd March and 3rd November 2020
Embark on a cultural adventure to the great science cities of Florence and Bologna，as architecture expert Andrew Spira and science historian Professor David Wootton guide you through the great discoveries and minds of the Renaissance.
Land of Fire and Ice：Iceland
8 days for £2，249
Departing 31st October and 7th November2020 Marvel at erupting geysers（喷泉），glaciers and waterfalls on a trip of volcanic and geological（地质的）adventure. Joined by volcanologist Tamsin Mather，discover the best of Iceland with a chance to see the Aurora Borealis.
Tiger Conservation Safari：India
9 days for £3，850
Departing 10th April 2021
Involve yourself in jungle life in the search for the Bengal tiger. Learn how to protect the rich wildlife you encounter at India's reserves，complete with a masterclass in
tracking and stay in a cozy lodge（小屋）.
（1）Which tour is scheduled in May？
A. Space：Past and Future：USA
B. The Science of the Renaissance：Italy
C. Land of Fire and Ice：Iceland
D. Tiger Conservation Safari：India
（2）How much will it cost if you are interested in Florence？
A. £4，799.
B. £1，825.
C. £2，249.
D. £3，850.
（3）What can tourists do during the Iceland tour？
A. Explore space with researchers.
B. See geysers，glaciers and waterfalls.
C. Discover the culture of the Renaissance.
D. Learn about protecting wildlife while travelling.
2．（10分）Jeremy Locke，who owns a roofing and construction company in Glace Bay，Nova Scotia，had always been wanting to repair the roof of Jeanette MacDonald's home.
Whenever he drove past the woman's home，he assumed that the roof was under repair because the job had already been taken on by another group of repairmen﹣but as the weeks wore on，the roof continued to worsen without any signs of repair.
"I had it in my mind that if no one steps up to help this lady in our community，I'd be more than happy to，" Locke told CBC.
When Locke finally reached out to MacDonald about fixing her roof for free，however，she politely declined his offer because she did not like to accept charity. That being said，she had already applied for a government grant（补助金）to fix the roof and she said she was more than happy to hire Locke once her grant application was approved.
Unfortunately，MacDonald never received the approval.
As the stubborn（固执的）Canadian senior refused to accept any assistance from Locke，the sympathetic construction worker played an innocent trick in order to get her to accept his help. He invited MacDonald to enter a raffle（抽奖活动）that his business was holding for a free roof. After the grandmother﹣of﹣our accepted one of the raffle tickets，Locke told her that she was the winner﹣because she was the only one who had entered the raffle.
Thanks to his sweet little plan，Locke and his crew are starting work on the roof this week，which is expected to cost his company about ＄9，000.
MacDonald，meanwhile，told CBC that she doesn't know how to express her gratitude to Locke，saying that he is her "guardian angel".
"There's nobody out there like him，" she added.
（1）What did Locke desire to do for MacDonald？
A. Repair her roof.
B. Find a repairman.
C. Run a charity.
D. Raise money.
（2）Why did MacDonald refuse Locke's offer initially？
A. She didn't trust him.
B. She had won a raffle.
C. She didn't like free help.
D. She had got an official grant.
（3）How did Locke finally make MacDonald change her mind？
A. He persuaded her to give up her application.
B. He invited her to enter his business.
C. He gave her about ＄9，000.
D. He told her a white lie.
（4）Which of the following words best describe Locke？
A. Stubborn and tricky.
B. Wealthy and innocent.
C. Determined and warm﹣hearted.
D. Different and ambitious.
3．（10分）As the climate warms，birds are shrinking and their wingspans are growing，according to a new study. Researchers analyzed 70，716 birds from 52 kinds of North American migratory（迁徙的）bird species collected over 40 years. The authors say the study is the largest of its kind and that the findings are important to understanding how animals will adapt to climate change.
"We found almost all of the species were getting smaller，" said lead author Brian Weeks，an assistant professor at the University of Michigan.
"The species were pretty diverse，but responding in a similar way，" he said. "The consistency was shocking." He said studies of animal responses to climate change often focus on shifts in geographical range or timing of life events，like migration and birth.
But this study suggests body morphology（形态）is a crucial third aspect.
"That's one major implication，" he said. "It's hard to understand how birds will adapt without taking all three of these things into consideration."
The findings showed that from 1978 to 2016，the length of the birds' lower leg bone shortened by 2.4%. Over the same time，the wings lengthened by 1.3%.
The evidence suggests warming temperatures caused the decrease in body size，which in turn caused the increase in wing length.
"Migration is an incredibly taxing thing they do，" Mr. Weeks said，explaining that the smaller body size means less energy available for the birds to complete their long journeys.
He says the birds most likely to survive migration were the ones with longer wingspans and smaller bodies.
The scientists aren't exactly sure why warmer temperatures cause birds to shrink.
One theory is that smaller animals are better at cooling off，losing body heat more quickly.
（1）What's the best title for the text？
A. All of the Birds Are Getting Smaller
B. Animals Are Adapting to Climate Change
C. Climate Change Is Causing Birds to Shrink
D. Scientists Are Finding Causes of Warm Climate
（2）What made Brian Weeks feel astonished？
A. It took 40 years to collect 70，716 birds from North America.
B. Many birds are shrinking when responding to the climate change.
C. All migratory bird species were collected to do the important research.
D. So many researchers take part in the largest study to work out the findings.
（3）What does the underlined word "taxing" most probably mean？
A. Tiring.
B. Important.
C. Easy.
D. Pleasant.
（4）What can we infer from the last paragraph？
A. The migratory birds aren't big.
B. The temperatures will be higher.
C. The scientists will go on further study.
D. The smaller animals will surely live longer.
4．（10分）The fact that over 1.24 million people lose their lives each year in road accidents is
a horrifying statistic that could soon be prevented. It should be of no surprise to
understand that the autonomous vehicle industry is predicted to be worth ＄2.6 trillion a year within 15 years.
What's the future of personal transportation？Well，you'll likely be spending a lot less time behind the wheel，for one. The rise of self﹣driving cars means that some scenes out of science﹣fiction flicks（电影）（think Total Recall or I，Robot）are now reality﹣and even more will be available soon.
Cars today already include many semi﹣autonomous features，like assisted parking
and self﹣braking systems. And completely autonomous vehicles﹣able to operate without human control﹣are rapidly becoming more of a reality. You're probably familiar with Google's version，which has made headlines with its Google Chauffeur software，which the company hopes to bring to market by 2020.
The pros of autonomous cars are many. "The sensors in a self﹣driving car are always observing，are not affected by the state of the driver （sleepy，angry，etc.），and can scan in multiple directions simultaneously（同时地），" says Dr. Dominique Freckmann，an automotive engineering manager at TE Connectivity，"Autonomous driving is a key aspect of the industry's drive toward safer roadways."
"Recent NHTSA research shows that approximately 94 percent of accidents are caused by human error，" adds Alan Amici，a vice president of automotive engineering at TE. "Cars with advanced safety features and eventually，self﹣driving cars，can significantly reduce the number of collisions. The impact of this innovation can be far﹣reaching，including reduced demand on emergency response systems and reduced auto insurance and health care costs."
（1）What is the author's attitude towards the autonomous vehicle industry？
A. Positive.
B. Disapproving.
C. Uncaring.
D. Doubtful.
（2）Why is Google Chauffeur software given as an example here？
A. Because people believe Google will sell it in 2020.
B. Because it is the most famous software of the company.
C. Because people are all familiar with the famous software.
D. Because it shows completely autonomous vehicles will be true.
（3）Which is the main reason why Alan Amici favors self﹣driving？
A. Self﹣driving will cost less than now.
B. People will easily save a lot of time.
C. Self﹣driving will be safer than now.
D. People will rely more on auto insurance.
（4）What is the author's purpose of writing the text？
A. To show his adoration of self﹣driving cars.
B. To predict the future of personal transportation.
C. To prevent so many road accidents caused by driving.
D. To introduce the benefits of autonomous vehicle industry.
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分12.5 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑选项中有两项为多余选项5．（12.5分）
How to Level up Your Self﹣Control
By definition，self﹣control is the ability to do something that benefits your long﹣term goals，instead of something that might satisfy your immediate desires.（1）﹣we end up sacrificing the well﹣being of our future selves all too easily.
（2）？
Angela Duckworth，professor of psychology at the University of Pennsylvania，says allocating resources between your present self and future self is an ongoing struggle.
For example，exhibiting self﹣control over spending time on video games and social media，two of the most common temptations of the current era，means battling against age﹣old mechanisms in your brain.
If you're willing to look deeply into your tendencies and weak points，you can recognize the handful of problems that you need to work on.
（3）. To improve self﹣control at work，Duckworth first recommends taking
a future﹣oriented approach to your day，such as planning breaks and the time for
checking emails in advance. The problem of looking at your cell phone too often，say，can be solved by putting it on mute or，better yet，sticking it in your bag until lunch.
（4）.
Finally，Duckworth advises laying a foundation of self﹣control that you can build of in the future.（5），because of too little sleep the night before，or an insufficient
meal in the morning. By practicing healthier living away from the workplace，you can gather the strength and stamina（毅力）to help you control your worst urges when it matters most.
A. One place to start would be the office
B. What problems do you need to work on
C. We've all experienced unproductive workdays
D. But for many of us，short﹣term satisfactions are irresistible
E. Why is exercising proper self﹣control so tricky for some，and how to do better
F. If you can resist resigning you may achieve more on your overall self﹣control
G. Removing the temptation from sight is key to ensuring you're faithful to your mission
第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45 分）第一节（共15小题；每小题 1 分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
6．（15分）My twin sister，Dawn，born with cerebral palsy（脑瘫），has to wear braces （吊带）on her legs and walk with the help of a stick，often causing people to（1）and point.
As Dawn was the only "different" child in our neighborhood，we were constantly picked on. We never had any friends because of her condition. I began to（2）Dawn and was embarrassed to be seen with her. So I did everything to get her into trouble to（3）her being born mentally and physically disabled.
When I turned twelve，my mother was so displeased with my behavior. She figured I was（4）enough to know better. One day she threw me in my bedroom and gave me
a thick yellow book. What I saw in that book（5）the way I viewed my disabled
sister.
There were many baby（6）of Dawn and me dressed alike，the only（7）：
I looked small and peaceful while Dawn was hooked up to tubes and needles and
machines. If you looked closely，you could see the（8）in her eyes though she was always smiling. One picture stood out：we were（9）each other. The words below
read，"I'm so happy to have a twin sister，Netti. The doctors make me cry. She makes me（10）." Looking back，I realized how（11）I had been! I had never put myself in Dawn's shoes! Feeling（12），I cried myself to sleep.
Later，Dawn came to wake me up for dinner. I kissed her and hugged her（13）like in the picture.
From then on，I was Dawn's（14）. No one was going to hurt her for any reason.
We were（15）. I am her the other half and she is my world.
（1）A. complain B. wander C. stare D. envy
（2）A. hate B. pity C. disturb D. warn
（3）A. put up with B. make use of C. keep track of D. get back at （4）A. patient B. old C. clever D. confident
（5）A. formed B. changed C. explained D. confirmed
（6）A. pictures B. clothes C. toys D. stories
（7）A. problem B. spotlight C. similarity D. difference
（8）A. courage B. disappointment C. pain D. concern
（9）A. hugging B. supporting C. comforting D. praising
（10）A. improve B. think C. laugh D. survive
（11）A. rude B. selfish C. responsible D. innocent
（12）A. helpless B. unhappy C. desperate D. ashamed
（13）A. politely B. seriously C. tightly D. purposely
（14）A. protector B. assistant C. educator D. consultant
（15）A. irreplaceable B. undefeatable C. unimaginable D. inseparable
第二节（共10 小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分阅读下面短文，在空白处填1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
7．（15分）Without arms or legs，the artist Adama Traore of Abidjan finds a unique way （1）（make）his art．Missing limbs （肢体）since birth，he
attended a center for disabled youth at nine（2）he learned ways to paint．
"When I was a child，my mum sent me to this white lady named Marie Odile in a center for（3）disabled．I learned to paint there．Thanks to her effort，there were more than 100 disabled people in the Providence center．The lady passed away and I ended up（4）the streets，" said Traore．It was a difficult life after his teacher died．Getting around was hard，and taxi drivers would not pick him up，（5）（assume）he had no money．But he kept painting （6）（color）landscapes and portraits，earning some recognition and money．Traore （7）（slow）built up savings from his artwork and used it to open a small art studio．He got married and now （8）（go）to work by taxi．
"Painting is good to （9）（one）health and lifts spirits．If I didn't paint，I don't know what I would do．But I do paint，and if I'm just sitting here，people would say this one is doing nothing；he's a beggar．But when they see me working，they're saying this one is a（10）（work）．" said Traore．That work earns Traore about 84 dollars for each painting．
第四部分写作（共两小节，满分15分）第一节（满分15分）
8．（15分）假定你是李华，将代表你班参加学校英语俱乐部的演讲比赛．请以"What are we studying for？"为题写一篇英语演讲稿，内容包括：
1．学习目的因人而异；
2．不同学习目的及原因；
3．你的学习目的及原因．
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结束语已为你写好．
Dear members，
I'm very glad to have the chance to speak on behalf of my class here．______
That's all．Thank you!
第二节（满分25分）
9．（25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文续写的词数应为150左右
It had been a year since Susan，thirty﹣four，became blind. As the result of a medical accident she was sightless，suddenly thrown into a world of darkness，anger，frustration and self﹣pity. Once an independent woman，Susan now became a powerless，helpless burden to everyone around her. No matter how much she cried or prayed，she knew the painful truth that her sight was never going to return. All she had to depend on was her husband Mark.
Mark was an Air Force officer and he loved Susan with all his heart. When she first lost her sight，he watched her sink into despair and he became determined to use every means possible to help his wife.
Finally，Susan felt ready to return to her job，but how would she get there？She used to take the bus，but she was now too frightened to get around the city by herself.
Mark volunteered to ride the bus with Susan each morning and evening until she got the hang of it. And that is exactly what happened.
For two weeks，Mark，military uniform and all，accompanied Susan to and from work each day. He taught her how to rely on her other senses，especially her hearing，to determine where she was and how to adapt to her new environment. He helped her befriend the bus drivers who could watch out for her，and save her a seat.
Each morning they made the journey together，and Mark would take a taxi back to his office. Although that meant he had to travel through the city and the routine was costly and exhausting，Mark knew it was only a matter of time before Susan would be able to ride the bus on her own. He believed in her.
Finally，Susan decided that she was ready to try the trip on her own. Monday morning arrived. Before she left，she embraced her husband tightly，her eyes filled with tears of gratitude for his loyalty，his patience，and his love. She felt she was so lucky for he had given her a gift more powerful than sight.
Paragraph 1：
She said goodbye and，for the first time，they went their separate ways.______. Paragraph 2：
On Friday morning，as Susan was stepping onto the bus as usual，the driver said，"Miss，I sure envy you." Curious，Susan asked the driver why.______.
参考答案与试题解析
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分7.5分）第一节（共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）1．（7.5分）
New Scientist Discovery Tour
Amazing science﹣inspired tours across the globe with experts on board and in the company of fellow travelers who enjoy the discovery of science.
Space：Past and Future：USA
14 days for £4，799
Departing 6th May and 14th September 2020
Follow the USA's footsteps in exploring space with this comprehensive tour of NASA's space centers and other key sites，including the Very Large Array in attractive New Mexico. Plus，visit the world's first commercial spaceport with leading researchers.
The Science of the Renaissance（文艺复兴）：Italy
7 days for £1，825
Departing 3rd March and 3rd November 2020
Embark on a cultural adventure to the great science cities of Florence and Bologna，as architecture expert Andrew Spira and science historian Professor David Wootton guide you through the great discoveries and minds of the Renaissance.
Land of Fire and Ice：Iceland
8 days for £2，249
Departing 31st October and 7th November2020 Marvel at erupting geysers（喷泉），glaciers and waterfalls on a trip of volcanic and geological（地质的）adventure. Joined by volcanologist Tamsin Mather，discover the best of Iceland with a chance to see the Aurora Borealis.
Tiger Conservation Safari：India
9 days for £3，850
Departing 10th April 2021
Involve yourself in jungle life in the search for the Bengal tiger. Learn how to protect the rich wildlife you encounter at India's reserves，complete with a masterclass in
tracking and stay in a cozy lodge（小屋）.
（1）Which tour is scheduled in May？A
A. Space：Past and Future：USA
B. The Science of the Renaissance：Italy
C. Land of Fire and Ice：Iceland
D. Tiger Conservation Safari：India
（2）How much will it cost if you are interested in Florence？
A. £4，799.
B. £1，825.
C. £2，249.
D. £3，850.
（3）What can tourists do during the Iceland tour？
A. Explore space with researchers.
B. See geysers，glaciers and waterfalls.
C. Discover the culture of the Renaissance.
D. Learn about protecting wildlife while travelling.
【分析】本文是应用文，文章介绍了几个环球科学之旅，让你在专家的陪伴下，享受科学发现的乐趣
【解答】（1）A．细节理解题根据文章Space：Past and Future：USA介绍内容，Departing 6th May and 14th September 2020．出发时间为2020年的5月6号以及9月14号可知，Space：Past and Future：USA计划是在5月出游，结合选项，故选A．
（2）B．细节理解题根据文章The Science of the renaissance（文艺复兴）：Italy介绍内容，7 days for £l，825﹣Embark on a cultural adventure to the great science cities of Florence and bologna.前往佛罗伦萨和博洛尼亚这两座伟大的科学城市进行文化探险可知，如果你对佛罗伦萨感兴趣，则应该花费1825英镑，结合选项，故选B．
（3）B．推理判断题根据文章Land of fire and Ice：Iceland介绍内容，Marvel at erupting geysers（喷泉），glaciers and waterfalls on a trip of volcanic and geological （地质的）adventure.Joined by volcanologist Tamsin Mather，discover the best of Iceland with a
chance to see the aurora borealis.火山和地质探险之旅中喷发的间歇泉、冰川和瀑布令人惊叹火山学家塔姆辛•马瑟加入其中，发现冰岛最好的地方，并有机会看到北极光可知，如果前往冰岛探险，你可以看到间歇泉、冰川和瀑布，结合选项，故选B．
【点评】1．直接信息题：
直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目2．间接信息题：
间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换
3．综合信息题：
综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义
2．（10分）Jeremy Locke，who owns a roofing and construction company in Glace Bay，Nova Scotia，had always been wanting to repair the roof of Jeanette MacDonald's home.
Whenever he drove past the woman's home，he assumed that the roof was under repair because the job had already been taken on by another group of repairmen﹣but as the weeks wore on，the roof continued to worsen without any signs of repair.
"I had it in my mind that if no one steps up to help this lady in our community，I'd be more than happy to，" Locke told CBC.
When Locke finally reached out to MacDonald about fixing her roof for free，however，she politely declined his offer because she did not like to accept charity. That being said，she had already applied for a government grant（补助金）to fix the roof and she said she was more than happy to hire Locke once her grant application was approved.
Unfortunately，MacDonald never received the approval.
As the stubborn（固执的）Canadian senior refused to accept any assistance from Locke，the sympathetic construction worker played an innocent trick in order to get her to accept his help. He invited MacDonald to enter a raffle（抽奖活动）that his business was holding for a free roof. After the grandmother﹣of﹣our accepted one of the raffle tickets，Locke told her that she was the winner﹣because she was the only one who had
entered the raffle.
Thanks to his sweet little plan，Locke and his crew are starting work on the roof this week，which is expected to cost his company about ＄9，000.
MacDonald，meanwhile，told CBC that she doesn't know how to express her gratitude to Locke，saying that he is her "guardian angel".
"There's nobody out there like him，" she added.
（1）What did Locke desire to do for MacDonald？A
A. Repair her roof.
B. Find a repairman.
C. Run a charity.
D. Raise money.
（2）Why did MacDonald refuse Locke's offer initially？C
A. She didn't trust him.
B. She had won a raffle.
C. She didn't like free help.
D. She had got an official grant.
（3）How did Locke finally make MacDonald change her mind？D
A. He persuaded her to give up her application.
B. He invited her to enter his business.
C. He gave her about ＄9，000.
D. He told her a white lie.
（4）Which of the following words best describe Locke？C
A. Stubborn and tricky.
B. Wealthy and innocent.
C. Determined and warm﹣hearted.
D. Different and ambitious.
【分析】本文属于记叙文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了杰里米洛克，拥有一家屋顶材料的建筑公司，通过撒谎来帮助珍妮特修理屋顶
【解答】（1）A．细节理解题根据文章第一段Jeremy Locke，who owns a roofing and construction company in Glace Bay，Nova Scotia，had always been wanting to repair the roof of Jeanette MacDonald's home.杰里米•洛克在新斯科舍省的冰川湾拥有一家屋顶材料的建筑公司，他一直想修理珍妮特•麦克唐纳家的屋顶可知洛克想为麦克唐纳修理她的屋顶故选A．
（2）C．细节理解题根据文章第三段When Locke finally reached out to MacDonald about fixing her roof for free，however，she politely declined his offer because she did not like to accept charity.当骆家辉终于向麦克唐纳提出免费修理屋顶的问题时，她礼貌地拒绝了他的提议，因为她不喜欢接受慈善可知麦克唐纳最初拒绝洛克的提议因为她不喜欢免费帮助故选C．
（3）D．细节理解题根据文章第五段He invited MacDonald to enter a raffle （抽奖活动）that his business was holding for a free roof. After the grandmother ﹣of ﹣four accepted one of the raffle tickets，Locke told her that she was the winner﹣because she was the only one who had entered the raffle.他邀请麦克唐纳参加一个抽奖活动的抽奖活动，因为他的生意是为了一个免费的屋顶．在四个人中的一个祖母接受了一张抽奖票，洛克告诉她她是赢家，因为她是唯一一个参加抽奖的人可知洛克他对她撒了个善意的谎让麦克唐纳改变主意故选D．
（4）C．推理判断题根据文章第五段He invited MacDonald to enter a raffle （抽奖活动）that his business was holding for a free roof. After the grandmother ﹣of ﹣four accepted one of the raffle tickets，Locke told her that she was the winner﹣because she was the only one who had entered the raffle.他邀请麦克唐纳参加一个抽奖活动的抽奖活动，因为他的生意是为了一个免费的屋顶．可知洛克是有决心和热情的A．Stubborn and tricky固执和狡猾的；B．Wealthy and innocent 富有而无辜的；C．Determined and warm﹣hearted 决心和热情的；D．Different and ambitious与众不同，雄心勃勃故选C.
【点评】1．直接信息题：
直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目2．间接信息题：
间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原
文信息进行转换
3．综合信息题：
综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义
3．（10分）As the climate warms，birds are shrinking and their wingspans are growing，according to a new study. Researchers analyzed 70，716 birds from 52 kinds of North American migratory（迁徙的）bird species collected over 40 years. The authors say the study is the largest of its kind and that the findings are important to understanding how animals will adapt to climate change.
"We found almost all of the species were getting smaller，" said lead author Brian Weeks，an assistant professor at the University of Michigan.
"The species were pretty diverse，but responding in a similar way，" he said. "The consistency was shocking." He said studies of animal responses to climate change often focus on shifts in geographical range or timing of life events，like migration and birth.
But this study suggests body morphology（形态）is a crucial third aspect.
"That's one major implication，" he said. "It's hard to understand how birds will adapt without taking all three of these things into consideration."
The findings showed that from 1978 to 2016，the length of the birds' lower leg bone shortened by 2.4%. Over the same time，the wings lengthened by 1.3%.
The evidence suggests warming temperatures caused the decrease in body size，which in turn caused the increase in wing length.
"Migration is an incredibly taxing thing they do，" Mr. Weeks said，explaining that the smaller body size means less energy available for the birds to complete their long journeys.
He says the birds most likely to survive migration were the ones with longer wingspans and smaller bodies.
The scientists aren't exactly sure why warmer temperatures cause birds to shrink.
One theory is that smaller animals are better at cooling off，losing body heat more
quickly.
（1）What's the best title for the text？C
A. All of the Birds Are Getting Smaller
B. Animals Are Adapting to Climate Change
C. Climate Change Is Causing Birds to Shrink
D. Scientists Are Finding Causes of Warm Climate
（2）What made Brian Weeks feel astonished？
A. It took 40 years to collect 70，716 birds from North America.
B. Many birds are shrinking when responding to the climate change.
C. All migratory bird species were collected to do the important research.
D. So many researchers take part in the largest study to work out the findings.
（3）What does the underlined word "taxing" most probably mean？A
A. Tiring.
B. Important.
C. Easy.
D. Pleasant.
（4）What can we infer from the last paragraph？C
A. The migratory birds aren't big.
B. The temperatures will be higher.
C. The scientists will go on further study.
D. The smaller animals will surely live longer.
【分析】这是一篇说明文文章讲述了，研究表明随着气候变暖，鸟类数量在减少，鸟的体型在缩小，翅膀也在增长，原因未知
【解答】（1）C．标题归纳题本文是一篇说明文，全文围绕一项研究发现展开由第一段第一句"As the climate warms，birds are shrinking and their wingspans are growing，according to a new study."（一项新的研究显示，随着气候变暖，鸟类在缩小，翅膀也在增长）和最后一段第一句"The scientists aren't exactly sure why warmer temperatures cause birds to shrink."（科学家们还不清楚为什么温度升高会导致鸟类缩小）可知这篇。