(英语)高二英语阅读理解(时文广告)答题技巧及练习题(含答案)

（英语）高二英语阅读理解(时文广告)答题技巧及练习题(含答案)
一、高中英语阅读理解时文广告类
1．阅读理解
Concert night of Christian Ehwald
German conductor Christian Ehwald's Friday concert will feature Mozart and Mendelssohn. The repertoire(节目)will include Mozart's overture to "Don Giovanni," and Mendelssohn's "Violin Concerto in E Minor, Op. 64." The concert will be given by the Shenzhen Symphony Orchestra. Violinist Zhang Le will perform.
Time: 8 p.m., July 11
Tickets: 50-200 yuan
Reservations(预定): 11185, 8981-2344
Venue: Shenzhen Grand Theater, 5018 Shennan Road East, Luohu District
Buses: 7, 10, 23, 24, 30, 33, 62, 63, 302, 311, 352, 353, 377, 378
Metro(地铁): Da Ju Yuan Station (Grand Theater Station), Exit B
Free Sunday concert
The Hong Kong Children's Symphony Orchestra will give a free concert Sunday afternoon. The repertoire will include Glinka's overture to "Russian and Ludmilla," Suppe's overture to "The Poet and the Peasant," and Chinese violin concerto(协奏曲) "Butterfly Lovers."
Time: 3 p.m., July 13
Venue: Shenzhen Concert Hall, at the intersection of Hongli Road and Fuzhong Road 1,Futian District
Metro: Shao Nian Gong Station (Children's Palace Station), Exit C or D
Feng Jiting's violin concert
Feng Jitong, the first Shenzhen violin student to enter an international competition, will give a concert at the Shenzhen Concert Hall this Sunday night as a warm-up for his tour to Moscow for the David Oistrakh International Violin Competition in September. Sunday's program will include Paganini's Caprices, works of Bach, Mozart and Sarasati's "Gypsy Airs."
Time: 8 p.m., July 13
Tickets: 20 yuan
Venue: Theater studio, Shenzhen Concert Hall, at the intersection of Hongli Road and Fuzhong Road 1, Futian District
Metro: Shao Nian Gong Station (Children's Palace Station), Exit C or D
（1）Which of the following can be enjoyed free?
A.Don Giovanni
B.Butterfly Lovers
C.Gypsy Airs
D.Violin Concerto in E Minor, Op. 64.
（2）If a tourist arrives at Shenzhen at 4:00 p.m., July 13, which of the following can he enjoy?
A.Don Giovanni
B.Russian and Ludmilla
C.The Poet and the Peasant
D.Gypsy Airs
（3）What's the main purpose of this advertisement ?
A.to attract more tourists to Shenzhen.
B.to attract more people to attend the concerts.
C.to inform people of some musical events.
D.to promise a happy weekend if people attend the concerts.
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了音乐之夜的几个音乐会的相关事宜。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据 Free Sunday concert部分中的"The Hong Kong Children's Symphony Orchestra will give a free concert Sunday afternoon．The repertoire will include Glinka's overture to ‘Russian and Ludmilla’，Suppe's overture to‘The Poet and the Peasant’，and Chinese violin concerto（协奏曲）’Butterfly Lovers’．”香港儿童交响乐团将于星期日下午举行免费音乐会．剧目将包括格林卡的序曲《俄罗斯和Ludmilla》、Suppe的《诗人与农民》序曲、以及中国小提琴协奏曲《蝴蝶恋人》．可知《蝴蝶恋人》是免费的．故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据 Free Sunday concert部分中的"The Hong Kong Children's Symphony Orchestra will give a free concert Sunday afternoon．The repertoire will include Glinka's overture to ‘Russian and Ludmilla’，Suppe's overture to‘The Poet and the Peasant’，and Chinese violin concerto（协奏曲）’Butterfly Lovers’．Time：3 p．m．，July 13，Venue：Shenzhen Concert Hall， at the intersection of Hongli Road and Fuzhong Road 1，Futian District"香港儿童交响乐团将于星期日下午举行免费音乐会．剧目将包括格林卡的序曲《俄罗斯和Ludmilla》、Suppe的《诗人与农民》序曲、以及中国小提琴协奏曲《蝴蝶恋人》．时间：7月13日下午3点地点：深圳音乐厅，福田区红荔路与福中一路交叉口"可知如果游客在7月13日下午4：00到达深圳，他可以享受《俄罗斯和Ludmilla》。

故选D。

（3）考查写作意图。

纵观全文以及根据题目"Concert night of Christian Ehwald 克里斯蒂安•埃瓦尔德音乐会之夜"可知本文主要是介绍了音乐之夜的几个音乐会的相关事宜，所以目的是为了给人们介绍音乐会。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和写作意图两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解
Things to do in Cabo Corrientes, Jalisco, Mexico
Majahuitas Island Tour
Duration: 6h 30m
Let yourself be spoiled by the nature in the Majahuitas Island (Natural Reserve) while you do different beach and sea activities, such as Snorkeling (潜游), Kayak (划独木舟)Tour and more. Eight delicious options from our menu will please your taste during lunch time, also your favorite drink will be prepared in our bar.
Las Marietas Eco Discovery
Duration: 6h
Snorkel, swim, and kayak through the beautiful rock formations around the Marietas Islands. Beloved by Jacques Cousteau for their rich marine life and clear waters, this underwater playground is an ideal place to spend the afternoon.
Follow up your snorkeling adventure with a guided kayak trip. Learn about the islands' geologic past and keep your eyes peeled for migrating whales and playful groups of dolphins. Back on the boat, have a tasty deli-style lunch featuring delicious sandwiches and salads, or kick back with a drink from the open bar while your crew set a course for your return to port.
Yelapa & Majahuitas Catamaran Tour
Duration: 7h+
Set sail from Puerta Vallarta aboard a luxurious catamaran with the vast Pacific Ocean ahead and a refreshing sea breeze surrounding you. Spend your morning snorkeling and exploring the peaceful cove of Majahuitas. This coral reef and tropical fish-filled coastline is only accessible by boat, making it one of Puerto Vallarta's best-kept hidden treasures.
Sayulita Escape
Duration: 3h
Hop on a powerful UTV (utility task vehicle) to explore Sayulita, a hip and relaxed beach town not far from Vallarta. Ride over muddy back roads and a riverbed to reach the small community famous for its laid-back atmosphere. Soon after hitting the main road, your guide turns onto one of the dusty forest paths. Pass by farms, fields, and a riverbed before reaching an isolated beach. When you are ready, a picnic lunch, open bar, and knowledgeable crew await your return to the catamaran.
（1）Which tour lasts longest?
A. Sayulita Escape.
B. Majahuitas Island Tour
C. Las Marietas Eco Discovery.
D. Yelapa &Majahuitas Catamaran Tour.
（2）How does the tour Sayulita Escape differ from the other ones?
A.It includes food and drinks.
B.Its activities are mainly held on the land.
C.It covers a variety of outdoor water rides.
D.It offers a free guide.
（3）What can tourist enjoy on the tour Las Marietas Eco Discovery?
A.Speeding a boat on their own.
B.Playing with whales and dolphins.
C.Observing the history of rock formations.
D.Joining in amazing underwater activities.
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了游客能够在墨西哥的Cabo Corrientes参加的一些旅游活动。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据Yelapa & Majahuitas Catamaran Tour部分中“Duration: 7h+”持续时间:7小时以上，以及分析各个活动的持续时长可知，Yelapa & Majahuitas Catamaran Tour 历时七个多小时，历时最长，故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据Sayulita Escape部分中的“Hop on a powerful UTV (utility task vehicle) to explore Sayu lita, a hip and relaxed beach town not far from Vallarta.”跳上一辆强大的UTV(实用任务车)去探索Sayulita，一个离瓦亚尔塔不远的时尚休闲的海滨小镇。

以及分析其他活动可知其他活动均以水上活动为主，只有这个旅行团是驾车旅行，主要在陆地上活动，可知Sayulita Escape的特别之处在于它的活动主要在陆地上举行。

故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据Las Marietas Eco Discovery部分中的“Snorkel, swim, and kayak through the beautiful rock formations around the Marietas Islands.”在美丽的马里塔斯群岛周围的岩层中潜水、游泳和划独木舟。

可知，游客可在这次活动中享受很多水下活动，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解
Africa's Most Amazing Places to Visit
Pyramids of Giza, Egypt
The most famous of the structures at Giza, near Cairo, the Pyramid of King Khufu was built around 2650 BC from 2.5 million blocks of stone. Its sides face north, south, east and west.
Sahara Dunes, Morocco
The most user-friendly part of the Sahara is accessible from the northern edge of Morocco. You can camp out in Tazzarine, where runners from all over the world complete the weeklong Marathon every spring. The foot of the Merzouga Dunes is the best location for gazing at stars, totally free of light pollution.
Lake Retba (Lac Rose), Senegal
There are few pink lakes in the world and one of them, Lake Retba, also called Lac Rose by locals is in the Cap-Vert peninsula in Senegal. The best times to see the lake at its pinkest is during Senegal's dry season, between November and June.
Nyika Plateau National Park, Malawi
With a plateau cut by numerous rivers that reach Lake Malawi by way of waterfalls off the eastern edge of the mountains, Nyika, the largest national park in Malawi, is one of the most beautiful in Africa. The eastern border of the plateau forms the wall of the Great Rift Valley. The great domes of hills have gentle slopes, making Nyika perfect for both hiking and mountain biking as well as Jeep exploration.
（1）Which country will you go if you want to watch stars?
A. Malawi.
B. Morocco.
C. Egypt.
D. Senegal.
（2）When is the best time to see the pinkest lake?
A. July.
B. September.
C. October.
D. January.
（3）What makes Nyika one of the most beautiful parks in Africa?
A. Plants.
B. Animals.
C. Waters.
D. Sports.
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个非洲最神奇的地方。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的”The foot of the Merzouga Dunes is the best location for gazing at stars, totally free of light pol lution.“默佐加沙丘的脚下是观星的最佳地点，完全没有光污染。

可知如果你想看星星，你可以去摩洛哥。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的”The best times to see the lake at its pinkest is during Senegal's dry season, between November and June.“在塞内加尔的旱季，11月至6月是观赏湖面最粉的最佳时间。

分析选项可知看粉红色湖泊的最佳时间是一月份。

故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的”W ith a plateau cut by numerous rivers that reach Lake Malawi by way of waterfalls off the eastern edge of the mountains, Nyika, the largest national park in Malawi, is one of the most beautiful in Africa.“这里的高原被众多河流切断，这些河流通过山脉东部边缘的瀑布到达马拉维湖，造就了尼卡是马拉维最大的国家公园，它是非洲最美丽的国家公园之一。

可知是水域使尼卡成为非洲最美丽的公园之一。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解
Fallingwater is a house built over a waterfall in Southwestern Pennsylvania. Frank Lloyd Wright, America's most famous architect, designed the house in 1935. It instantly became famous, and today it is a National Historic Landmark.
In-Depth Tour
The tour is best if you desire a greater understanding of what Wright was seeking to create with his masterwork. The number of visitors on each tour is limited and photography is permitted for personal use only. Children nine years and older may be accompanied by adults on this tour. $65.00 per person (Available by advance ticket purchase only)
Daily from 10:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.
Guided House Tour
This tour features all the major rooms of the house and lasts about one hour. Photography is not permitted during this tour. The Guided House Tour allows children six-year-old and older to enjoy the house with their parents.
Adults —$20.00 with advance purchase
—$23.00 when purchased on site
Youth (aged 6-12) —$14.00 with advance purchase
—$17.00 when purchased on site
Brunch (早午餐)Tour
The guests join their guide for brunch before they leave. Children nine years and older may be accompanied by adults on this tour. Please allow three hours in total for this experience.
$115.00 per person (Available by advance ticket purchase only)
May through September- Saturdays & Sundays at 9:00 a.m.
（1）What can we know about In-Depth Tour?
A. The ticket is available on site.
B. It is not available at 9:30 a.m.
C. Visitors are forbidden to take photos.
D. The number of visitors is not limited.
（2）How much will a couple with a girl aged 8 pay if they buy the Guided House Tour tickets in advance?
A. $34
B. $63.
C. $40.
D. $54.
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一栋建在宾夕法尼亚州西南部瀑布上的房子——流水别墅。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据In-Depth Tour部分中的”Daily from 10:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.“可知，In-Depth Tour在每日上午十时至下午四时之间开放。

由此可知，早上9:30是不开放的。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据Guided House Tour部分中的”Adults —$20.00 with advance purchase“成人- $20.00，预购；以及”Youth (aged 6-12) —$14.00 with advance purchase“6-12岁的青少年- $14.00，预购，可知，一对夫妇带着一个8岁的女孩买导游房的门票需要花费$20.00*2 +$14.00=$54.00。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要主准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解
A study based on data gathered by a NASA sensor has revealed China and India, the world's two most populous countries, are primarily responsible for making the Earth greener over the past two decades.
The study, published on Feb 11 in the journal Natural Sustainability, has found that since 2000 the Earth's green leaf area has increased by over 5 million square kilometers. That's an area equivalent to the total of the Amazon rainforests. "China and India account for one-third of the greening, considering the general idea of land degradation (退化) in populous countries from overexploitation," said Chen Chi from Boston University, lead author of the study.
The effect mainly comes from ambitious tree-planting programs in China and intensive agriculture in both countries, NASA said in a statement. China is the source of a quarter of the planet's increase in forest area, despite having only 6.6 percent of the world's vegetated (固定植被的)area, according to the study. Forest conservation and expansion programs account for 42 percent of the increase, and another 32 percent come from intensive agriculture of food crops, NASA said. While raising their green leaf areas, China and India have also greatly increased their food production through" multiple cropping" practices, where a field is replanted and crops are harvested several time each year. "Production of grains, vegetable, fruits and more have increased by about 35 to 40 percent since 2000 to feed their large population," NASA said.
Over the past decades, China has made great efforts to green the land. In 1978, the central government launched a national-level forestation project-the Three North Shelterbelt Forest Program. By the end of 2017, the forest coverage rate among the regions in the project reached 13.57 percent, compared to 5.05 percent 40 years ago. In a greening project, Kubuqi Desert, seventh largest in the country, has seen one-third of its area covered by vegetation during the past three decades thanks to forestation efforts.
（1）What have China and India contributed to according to NASA?
A. Land greening.
B. Land degradation.
C. Population explosion.
D. Forest conservation.
（2）What can we learn about "multiple cropping "practices?
A. They turn out to be ineffective.
B. They improve the food output.
C. They raise the vegetated area.
D. They allow planning once annually.
（3）What was the forest coverage rate in 1977?
A. 5.05%.
B. 6.6%.
C. 13.57%.
D. 32%.
（4）How is the passage mainly developed?
A. By space.
B. By listing facts.
C. By comparison.
D. By making definition.
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）A
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道,介绍了美国航天局的一项最新研究显示，中国和印度是全球绿化努力的领导者。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的"China and India, the world's two most populous countries, are primarily responsible for making the Earth greener"可知,美国宇航局的研究显示中国和印度使地球变得更绿,也就是说中国和印度的主要贡献在于土地绿化,故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的"China and India have also greatly increased their food production through" multiple cropping" practices,"可知,中国和印度通过"复种"提高了粮食产量,故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的"By the end of 2017, the forest coverage rate among the regions in the project reached 13.57 percent, compared to 5.05 percent 40 years ago."可知,截至2017年底,森林覆盖率由40年前的5.05%提高到13.57%,也就是说1977时的森林覆盖率为5.05%,故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的"That's an area equivalent to the total of the Amazon rainforests.",第三段中的"China is the source of a quarter of the planet's increase in forest area, despite having only 6.6 percent of the world's vegetated (固定植被的)area,"及第四段中的"By the end of 2017, the forest coverage rate among the regions in the project reached 13.57 percent, compared to 5.05 percent 40 years ago."等信息可知,文中多次用数据对过去和现在进行对比来显示中国和印度是全球绿化努力的领导者的,因此文章是通过对比的手法展开的,故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解
How was your day today? If it was just sort of OK, with nothing much happening, then Scott Shaffer wants to hear from you. Mr Shaffer is the editor of the Journal of Mundane Behaviour. "We can learn a lot about the way that society works by examining normal patterns of behavior," he says. "All the ordinary decisions we make and ordinary things we do are society in action." The idea that social scientists should "study the unmarked", in Mr Shaffer's words, has also spread to historians. Traditionally, most history has been written as the story of greatness. It is all about great ideas, great people and great economic and social forces changing the way that millions of people live for ever. Albert Einstein's theory of relativity changed the way that we look at the universe. But has he been of more benefit to humanity than the unknown person who invented the first really comfortable shoe? Try thinking great thoughts when your feet hurt.
In recent years, books of micro-history have been a great success with the public. Most micro historians like to relate their subject to wider developments in society. According to historian Catherine Gallagher, the potato was once a matter of great argument. Supporters pointed out that it could grow cheaply and easily and help feed the poor. Opponents said that this would lead to the poor becoming more powerful, since they did not have to spend every hour working to feed themselves. It seems that European socialism started with an argument about vegetables. British historian Colin Jones wants us to look at pictures painted hundreds of years ago. He wants us to notice the fact that nobody smiles in these pictures. Compare that with today, when everyone smiles for the camera and refusing to smile is seen as an unfriendly act. It is all because of dentistry, he says. Once people were able to look after their teeth, they began to smile and the world became a happier place.
Whether stories like this are true or not, they put ordinary people at the center of history. Most of us are not going to change the world in a big way. But we might be able to do something that makes life a bit easier for other people. And maybe one day a historian will come along and write the story. It is something to get excited about, though perhaps not very excited.
（1）Why does the author tell you to try thinking great thoughts when your feet hurt? A. To show the ordinary is necessary. B. To show history is created by the unknown.
C. To show great thoughts are unnecessary.
D. To show greatness comes from the ordinary.（2）What was the most important thing about the argument about the potato?
A. It helped the poor to feed themselves.
B. It helped to spend less money on food.
C. It brought about a struggle against the rich.
D. It led to great changes in society.
（3）Why didn't people smile in pictures painted hundreds of years ago?
A. They lived a hard life.
B. Their teeth looked terrible.
C. They were not friendly.
D. They preferred to look serious.
（4）What is mainly discussed in the text?
A. The ways to make life easier.
B. The importance of the ordinary in history.
C. The increasing interest in micro-history.
D. Unknown people who invented small things.
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）B
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。

论述了关注社会中普通人的重要性。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“All the ordinary decisions we make and ordinary things we do are society in action.”及第二段中的“But has h e been of more benefit to humanity than the unknown person who invented the first really comfortable shoe? Try thinking great thoughts when your feet hurt.”可知第一个发明舒适的鞋的未知人的重要性。

作者以此来印证普通人和普通人的想法的重要性。

故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“According to historian Catherine G allagher, the potato was once a matter of great argument. ”以及“ It seems that European socialism started with an argument about vegetables.” 可知作者在文中提到了potato,而恰恰是对potato的讨论带来了社会的变革。

故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“It is all because of dentistry, he says. Once people were able to look after their teeth, they began to smile and the world became a happier place”可推断当人们会照料自己的牙齿的时候,人们才敢笑,这表明在此之前人不敢笑,是因为他们的牙齿很糟糕。

故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。

本文主题为"The importance of the ordinary in history,（历史中普通人的重要性）"各段落紧扣主题内容,论证了作者在本文中的观点普通人是很重要的。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解
About sixty years ago, China was known as the "Bicycle Kingdom". But the two-wheeled way of transportation began to become less popular, with many bikes soon replaced by their four-wheeled competitors.
But recent months have seen a revival(复兴) of the bike across China, with an increasing number of people choosing cycling instead of driving to schools, to workplaces or to do sightseeing. The introduction of bike-sharing plans, pioneered by companies like Ofo and Mobike, has brought cycling to a new level. According to the latest data, the first week of this year saw 5, 850,000 active users of Mobike while Ofo had 1,400,000 active users.
People can unlock the shared bikes by simply using their smartphones. The bikes are equipped with GPS and can be left anywhere in public for the next user. They are popular among many Chinese people. "In places where the underground railway doesn't extend, it's so easy to get where you want to go with Mobike," Hu Hong said. She cycles to her workplace in Shanghai. Bike-sharing is a greener method of transportation and provides a user-friendly experience. However, the plans have also led to problems such as illegal parking, breaking and stealing. Last month, two nurses in Beijing put locks on two shared bikes. And in December, a man stole a shared bike.
Now Chinese service operators are also trying to solve these problems. Setting credit points is one of the ways. Mobike sets a 100-point credit score for each user, with points taken because of
bad behavior. Once a score drops below 80, bike Tental((租金) is increased to 100 yuan per 30 minutes rather than 0.5-1 yuan.
（1）From which is the text probably taken?
A. A fashion magazine.
B. A travel guide.
C. A storybook.
D. A newspaper.
（2）What's the close meaning of the underlined word "extend" in the third paragraph?
A. Fill.
B. Reach.
C. Provide.
D. Follow.
（3）Why does the writer say: "setting credit points is one of the ways" in the last paragraph?
A. To give an example of how the service operators solve the problems.
B. To show the one of the problems that bike-users meet.
C. To offer an example of how bike rental is increased.
D. To provide a plan for the government to choose and solve the problems.
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）A
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了中国从六十年前的自行车王国到被汽车代替以及最近几
个月，自行车在中国各地复苏，越来越多的人选择骑自行车，而不是开车上学、上班或观光。

Ofo和摩拜等公司率先推出的共享单车计划，将自行车运动提升到了一个新的水平。

（1）推理判断题。

本文是一篇新闻报道。

文章讲述的是中国从六十年前的自行车王国到
被汽车代替以及最近几个月，自行车在中国各地开始复苏。

这是一篇新闻报道，由此推知
文章很可能来自一份报纸。

故选D。

（2）词义猜测题。

根据第三段中They are popular among many Chinese people. In places where the underground railway doesn't extend, it's so easy to get where you want to go with Mobike(它们在许多中国人中很受欢迎。

在地铁不延伸的地方，骑摩拜单车去你想去的地方
很容易。

)可知，指地铁够不到的地方，划线词的意思是"够得到"。

故选B。

（3）推理判断题。

根据最后一段中Now Chinese service operators are also trying to solve these problems. Setting credit points is one of the ways. Mobike sets a 100-point credit score for each user, with points taken because of bad behavior.（现在，中国的服务运营商也在努力解
决这些问题。

设置学分是其中一种方法。

摩拜单车为每位用户设置了100分的信用评分，
这些分数是由于用户的不良行为而获得的。

）可知，作者在最后一段说"setting credit points
is one of the ways"是为了举例说明服务运营商是如何解决这些问题的。

故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

新闻报道类的阅读文章，先要找到文章的主旨句，主旨句一般在
开头或转折词后等。

再分清段落结构和把握每段段意。

对文章有个全面的理解。

8．阅读理解
If spending is a measure of what matters, then the people of the developing world place a high value on brains. While private spending on education has not changed much in the rich world in the past ten years, in China and India it has more than doubled. Since brainpower is the primary generator of progress, this burst of enthusiasm for investing in private education is excellent news for the world. But not everybody is delighted. Because private education increases inequality, some governments are trying to stop its advance. That's wrong: they should welcome it, and
spread its benefits more widely.
① Education used to be provided by religious institutions or entrepreneurs. But when governments, starting in Prussia in the 18th century, got into the business of nation-building, they realized they could use education to shape young minds. As state systems grew, private schooling was left to the elite and the pious(虔诚的). Now it is enjoying popularity again, for several reasons. Incomes are rising, especially among the better off, at the same time as birth rates are falling. In China the former one-child policy means that six people—two parents and four grandparents—can pour money into educating a single child.
② All over the developing world, people want more or better education than governments provide. Where cities are growing at unmanageable speed, the private education is taking up the slack. In India the private education now educates nearly half of all children, in Pakistan more than a third, and in both countries the state education is shrinking. Even where the state does pretty well, as in East Asia, richer people still want better schooling for their children than the masses get. Thus, Vietnam, which has an outstanding state-school system for a poor country, measured by its performance in the OECD's PISA test, also has the fastest-growing private education.
③ In most ways, this is an excellent thing, because the world is getting more and bette r schooling.
In rich countries, once the background and ability of the children who attend private schools are taken into account, their exams results are about the same as those in the state education. But in developing countries private schools are better—and much more efficient. A study of eight Indian states found that, in terms of learning outcomes per rupee, private schools were between
1.5 times and 29 times more cost-effective than state schools.
④ They tend to sort children by income, herdi ng richer ones towards better schools that will enhance their already superior life chances. That is one reason why many governments are troubled by their rise.
Governments are right to worry about private education's contribution to inequality, but they are wrong to discourage its growth. Governments should instead focus on improving the public education by mimicking(模仿) the private education's virtues. Freedom from independent management is at the root of its superior performance and greater efficiency. Governments should therefore do their best to give school principals more freedom to innovate and to fire underperforming teachers.
To spread the benefit of private schools more widely, governments should work with them, paying for education through vouchers(代金券) which children can spend in private schools. And vouchers should be limited to students in non-selective schools that do not charge top-up fees; otherwise governments will find themselves helping the better off and increasing inequality.
The world faces plenty of problems. Governments should stop behaving as though private education were one of them. It will, rather, increase the chances of finding solutions.
（1）What do we know about private education?
A. More developed countries enjoy it.
B. It attracts more and more investment.
C. Public education will replace it in the future.
D. It has helped governments to remove inequality.
（2）What does the underlined phrase "taking up the slack" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Filling the gap.
B. Setting the place.
C. Breaking the balance.
D. Avoiding the risk.
（3）Why has private education been developing rapidly in Vietnam?
A. The population in Vietnam is shrinking dramatically.
B. Its state education is worse than other developing countries.
C. Some people want better education for their children than others.
D. The government intends private education to shape young minds.
（4）The sentence "But private schools also increase inequality." can be put in .
A. ①
B. ②
C. ③
D. ④（5）What does the author advise governments to do?
A. Train school principals.
B. Sell vouchers to children.
C. learn from private education.
D. Fire underperforming teachers.
（6）What's the author's opinion about private education?
A. Private education should be based on state education.
B. Private education should be targeted at well-off families.
C. Governments should prevent the spread of private education.
D. Governments should celebrate the popularity of private education.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
（5）C
（6）D
【解析】【分析】本文主要论述私人教育在发达国家不重视，但是发展中国家大受欢迎，有些人对私人教育的发展不高兴，他们认为私人教育加剧了不公平性，有些政府甚至阻止其发展，针对这个现象，作者提出了看法：这种做法是错误的。

人们应该欢迎私人教育，并广泛地传播它的好处。

（1）细节理解题。

文中原文"this burst of enthusiasm for investing in private education is excellent news for the world."因此答案选择B。

私人教育吸引了越来越多的投资。

但是私立教育加剧了不平等，因此D选项错误。

私人教育与公立教育并存，所以答案C错误。

更多的发展中国家出现了正在受益，所以A也错误。

故选B。

（2）词义猜测题。

对划线单词进行三句读,"Where cities are growing at unmanageable speed, the private education is taking up the slack. In India the private education now educates nearly half of all children, in Pakistan more than a third, and in both countries the state education is shrinking."印度私人教育现在教育了将近一半的儿童，在巴基斯坦超过三分之一。

公立教育萎缩，私立教育填补空白。

故选A。

（3）细节理解题。

通过定位词Vietnam找到文中richer people still want better schooling for their children than the masses get. Thus Vietnam, which has an outstanding state-school system。