福建省区域酸雨特征及成因分析

福建省区域酸雨特征及成因分析
陈彬彬;王宏;郑秋萍;杨凯
【期刊名称】《气象与环境学报》
【年(卷),期】2016(032)004
【摘要】利用2007—2014年福建省邵武、福州、永安和厦门4个气象观测站的酸雨监测资料，统计分析了福建省不同区域酸雨的时空变化和强酸雨变化特征，并对酸雨成因进行了初步探讨。

结果表明：2007—2014年福建省降水年平均 pH值为4.64—4.97，达中度酸性标准，pH值呈逐年升高的趋势，降水酸度呈逐渐减弱的趋势，强酸雨发生频率呈下降的趋势。

邵武和福州地区为酸雨高发区，邵武地区降水酸度最强，酸雨和强酸雨发生频率最高，2011年后两个地区降水酸度均减弱，强酸雨发生频率均降低；厦门和永安地区为轻酸雨区，永安地区全年基本无强酸雨发生，由于两个地区酸雨发生频率增加，累积酸雨量比例增大，2012年后两个地区降水酸度均呈不同程度的增强。

福州、厦门和邵武地区月酸雨变化均表现为一定的规律性，冬春季酸雨污染较重，夏季酸雨污染偏轻；永安地区则相反，秋冬季降水呈碱性，春季有轻微的酸雨污染。

2007—2014年福建省降水月平均pH值＜4.50的概率分别为：永安地区0.0％、厦门地区4.2％、福州地区29.2％和邵武地区42.7％，均呈逐年下降的趋势。

城市致酸污染物排放、酸性物质的省际输送、
地理环境和天气条件是造成福建省区域性酸雨污染的原因。

%Based on the monitoring data of acid rain obtained from four meteorological stations including Shaowu, Fuz hou,Yong′an,and Xiamen of Fujian province from 2007 to 2014,the temporal-spatial characteristics of acid rain in different regions and the variation of strong acid rain were analyzed,and the causes
of acid rain formation were preliminarily explored.The results show that the annual mean pH in precipitation is between 4.64 and 4.97, which belongs to moderate acid rain.The pH value has an increasing trend,and the acidity in precipitation as well as the occurrence frequency of strong acid rain both show a decreasing trend.Acid rain occurs frequently in Sha-owu and Fuzhou,and the strongest acidity in precipitation and the high occurrence frequency of acid rain as well as strong acid rain all appear in Shaowu.However,the acidity of precipitation is weaker and the strong acid rain oc-currence frequency is lower in the two regions after 20 1 1 .Xiamen and Yong′an belong to the regions with weak acid rain,and strong acid rain rarely occurs in Yong′an during a whole year.However,the acidity in precipitation at these two regions increases after 2012,due to the increasing occurrence frequency of acid rain and the increasing cumulative amount of acid rain.Acid rain shows a certain regular monthly variation in Fuzhou,Xiamen,and Sha-owu;acid rain pollution is heavy in winter and spring,but relatively weak in summer.However,such monthly acid rain changes oppositely in Yong′an,with an alkaline precipitation in autumn and winter,and weak acid rain pollu-tion in spring.The probability of monthly mean precipitation pH less than 4.50 in Fujian province from 2007 to 2014 is 0.0%in Yong′an,4.2%in Xiamen,29.2%in Fuzhou,and 42.7%in Shaowu,respectively,and all show a decreasing trend.The regional acid rain pollution in Fujian province is caused by the emissions of urban acid pol-lutants,inter-provincial transport of acid substances,geographical environment,and weather conditions.
【总页数】7页(P70-76)
【作者】陈彬彬;王宏;郑秋萍;杨凯
【作者单位】福建省气象科学研究所，福建福州350001;福建省气象科学研究所，福建福州350001;福建省气象科学研究所，福建福州350001;福建省气象科学研究所，福建福州350001
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】X517
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