2019-2020学年江苏省宿迁中学高三英语二模试题及答案解析

2019-2020学年江苏省宿迁中学高三英语二模试题及答案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
If you are sending a text message watching TV or listening to the radio, you may stop and give this your full attention. Multitasking shrinks (使.....萎缩)the brain? research suggests.
A study found that men and womenwho frequently used several types of technology at the same time had less grey matter in a key part of the brain. University of Sussex researchers said, " Using mobile phones, laptops and other media devicessimultaneouslycould be changing the structure of our brains."
Worryingly, the part of the brain that shrinks is involved in processing emotion. The finding follows research which has linked multitasking with a shortened attention span, depression , anxiety and lower grades at school.
The researchers began by asking 75 healthy men and women how often they divided their attention between different types of technology. This could mean sending a text message while listening to music and checking e-mail, or speaking on the phone while watching TV and surfing the Internet. The volunteers were then given brain scans which showed they had less grey matter in a region called the anterior cingu-late cortex (ACC)(前扣带皮层).Scientists have proved that brain structure can be changed on exposure to fresh environments and experience.
Other studies have shown that training—such as learning to play magic tricks or taxi drivers' learning the map of London―can increase grey matter densities (密度)in certain parts.
Experts have also warned of the harmful impact technology can have on our memory and attention span. The University of California team conducted a survey of more than 18,000 people aged between 18 and 99，and found 20%had problems with memory. Researchers were shocked greatly by the 14 % of 18 to 39-year-old people who also worried about their memories.
Multitasking may shorten attention span, making it harder to focus and form memories, the researchers said, adding that youngsters may be particularly affected by stress.
1. The underlined word " simultaneously" in Paragraph 2 means "________，"
A. on one's own
B. at no time
C. at the same time
D. by accident
2. All of the following are possible effects of multitasking EXCEPT________ .
A. saving time
B. a shortened attention span
C. lower grades at school
D. depression and anxiety
3. Which ofthe following can be the best title of this passage?
A. Media multitasking is becoming more popular
B. Multitasking shrinks the brain
C. Multitasking may shorten attention span
D. People are worried about their memories.
B
Sophie became friends with the gray squirrels during her first week atPennState, after spotting them running around and wondering what they would look like with tiny hats on their heads. Today, everyone at the university knows her as the “Squirrel Girl”.
Sophie tried bringing them food, and gradually they began to trust her. She managed to put a hat on a squirrel and take a picture. Thinking that her colleagues could do with something to lift their spirits, she started posting similar photos on Facebook. The response was greatly positive, and before long Sophie and her squirrels became an Internetsensation.
Growing up in a neighborhood outside ofState College, Sophie was always fond of birds and animals around her home, but she didn't interact with people very much. She was later diagnosed (诊断) with Asperger's syndrome, but the squirrels changed that. “The squirrels help me break the ice, because I'll be sitting here patting a squirrel and other people will come over and well just start like feeding the squirrels together and chatting about them,” she said, “I am a lot more outgoing.”
And in case you're wondering how Sophie is able to get the squirrels to do what she wants for her photos, it has a lot to do with food. For example, whenever she wants them to hold or play with something, she puts peanut butter on the prop (道具), and they'll grab it. In the beginning, she would throw peanuts up the trees on campus and invite the squirrels to come down and get them, but they hesitated to approach her. She had the patience to earn their trust, though.
This year, Sophie is graduating with a degree in English and wildlife sciences. She wants to be a science writer and educate people on how to preserve the environment. As for her furry friends, Sophie plans to stay in the area and visit them as often as she can.
4. What does the underlined word “sensation” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Event.
B. Hit.
C. Service.
D. Addiction.
5. What can we learn about Sophie according to paragraph 3?
A. She got lots of friends due to squirrels.
B. She used to be a popular girl in her childhood.
C. She lived in the far countryside when young.
D. She was more outgoing than before.
6. How did Mary manage to take photos of squirrels wearing hats?
A. By attracting them with food.
B. By putting them in cages.
C. By playing music to them.
D. By dressing like squirrels.
7. What do you think of Sophie?
A. Tolerant and capable.
B. Sociable and aggressive.
C. Patient and caring.
D. Indifferent and appreciative.
C
Ever wondered if dogs can learn new words? Yes, say researchers as they have found that talented dogs may have the ability to grasp new words after hearing them only four times.
While previous evidence seems to show that most dogs do not learn words, unless eventually very well trained, a few individuals have shown some extraordinary abilities, according to a study published in the journal Scientific Reports.
“We wanted to know under which conditions the gifted dogs may learn novel words” said researcher xuekw Claudia Fugazza from theEötvösLorándUniversityinHungary. For the study, the team involved two gifted dogs, Whisky and Vicky Nina. The team exposed the dogs to the new words in two different conditions.
In the exclusion-based task, presented with seven known toys and one new toy, the dogs were able to select the new toy when presented with a new name. Researchers say this proves that dogs can choose by exclusion when faced with a new word, they selected the only toy which did not have a known name.
However, this was not the way they would learn the name of the toy. In fact, when they were presented with one more equally new name to test their ability to recognize the toy by its name, the dogs got totally confused and failed.
The other condition, the social one, where the dogs played with their owners who pronounced the name of the toy while playing with the dog, proved to be the successful way to learn the name of the toy, even after hearing it
only 4 times. “The rapid learning that we observed seems to equal children’s ability to learn many new words at a fast rate around the age of 18 months,” Fugazza says. “But we do not know whether the learning mechanisms(机制) behind this learning are the same for humans and dogs. ”
To test whether most dogs would learn words this way, 20 other dogs were tested in the same condition, but none of them showed any evidence of learning the toy names, confirming that the abilityto learn words rapidly in the absence of formal training is very rare and is only present in a few gifted dogs.
8. What was the purpose of the study published in Scientific Reports?
A. To better train dogs’ ability to learn new words.
B. To further confirm previous evidence about dogs.
C. To prove extraordinary memory abilities of gifted dogs.
D. To explore favorable conditions for gifted dogs’ new-word learning.
9. How did the dogs react when exposed to two new names in the first condition?
A. Slow to understand.
B. Quick to learn.
C. At a loss.
D. In a panic.
10. What was found about dogs’ new-word learning in the social condition?
A. Learning through playing applied to most dogs.
B. The social condition helped dogs learn new words.
CDogs’ new-word learning turned out to be less effective.
D. Dogs shared similar learning mechanisms with children.
11. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. Gifted Dogs Can Learn New Words Rapidly.
B. Dogs Identify Newly-named Toys by Exclusion.
C. Dogs Can Acquire Vocabulary through Tons of Training.
D. Gifted Dogs Have Similar Learning Abilities to Humans.
D
Why doesHaitiso tend to have fatal earthquakes? Earthquakes have been causing huge damage inHaitisince at least the 18th century. The capital city has been destroyed twice in 19 years. The 21st century has beenno more kind.
The Earth’s outer shell is made tip of tectonic plates (构造板块) that move.Haitisits near the crossing of two tectonic plaits that make up the Earth’s outer shell. Earthquakes can occur when those plates move against each other and create friction (摩擦力).
Haitiis also overpopulated. Plus, many of its buildings are designed to resist hurricanes but not earthquakes. Those buildings can survive strong winds bat are easy to fail down when the ground shrikes. Poor building practices can also play arole.
“I think it’s important to recognize that there’s no such thing as a natural disaster,” said Wendy Bohon, a geologist. “What you have is a natural disaster that comes with a weak architecture system. We do know that earthquakes like this can cause huge damage because ofthefault,” said Wendy. “And it’s quite a significant risk in places that don’t have the construction practices to resist the shaking.”
Construction of more earthquake-resistant buildings remains a challenge inHaiti, which is the poorest nation in theWestern Hemisphere. “While there have been some success stories of Haitians building more earthquake-resistant structures, the country has lacked a centralized effort to do so,” said Mark Schuller, a professor of anthropology and nonprofit and NGO studies atNorthernIllinoisUniversity.Haiti’s government has become increasingly weak, while non-governmental organizations only focus on their own projects.
“There is technical knowledge inHaiti, There are trained architects. There are cityplanners. That’s not the problem,” Schuller said. “The problem is a lack of funding for coordination (协调), and lack of political will from donors to organizations providing aid.”
12. Which factor causing the huge damage is highlighted?
A. Its overpopulation.
B. Its weak government.
C. Its geographical location.
D. Its weak architecture system.
13. What does the underlined part “the fault” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A Lacking political will to provide aid.
B. Lacking hurricane-resistant; buildings.
C. Lacking earthquake-resistant buildings.
D. Sitting on the crossing of two tectonic plates.
14. What’s Schuller’s attitude towardsHaiti’s government?
A Supportive. B. Critical.
C. Indifferent.
D. Interested.
15. Which of the following can be a problem according tothe last paragraph?
A. Fund and will.
B. Skilled architects.
C. Urban designers.
D. Technology and money.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
Top Tips for Better Writing
There are many different types of writing, such as essays, letters and speeches. Whatever your reason is and whatever your style, there are some universal tips that will help you improve your writing:
Be clear about your purpose
The most basic question to ask yourself before you start is why you are writing. In an essay or assignment, your purpose is to convey information and draw conclusions. But if you are writing a business report, you may want to make recommendations(建议).___16___
Start with a plan
___17___The result is often disjointed writing with parts that don’t connect. Whatever you are writing, creating a clear plan is the first step to getting your message across quickly and in the most effective way.
Guide readers through what you write
Your task is to help readers understand your message quickly and precisely.___18___Each sentence, each paragraph should be relevant to what comes before and what comes after. You should use words and phrases that connect to show these connections.
___19___
Your aim in writing is to communicate ideas and information to other people, and you must keep that in mind with every word and sentence you write. Constantly ask yourself who you really write the information for.
Write for the ear, not for the eye
Once you’ve finished a draft of your speech, practice reading it out loud.___20___Revise so you are more comfortable giving your speech. You want to sound natural, no matter what the occasion is.
A. Write for readers, not yourself
B. Write for the aim, not for the words
C. It sounds robotic, and employers hate it.
D. Far too often people write without a plan.
E. You’ll hear anything that sounds awkward.
F. Whatever it is, keep your purpose in mind at all times to avoid going off topic.
G. To do this, it is necessary to show them clearly how the different parts relate to each other.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
I’ve learned a lesson that accepting kindness is important, too. I’m a social worker and have been___21___more time recently with those unlucky people that some might say are less___22___. I had a wonderful interaction (互动) this past week, when I had the___23___of being the receiver of kindness. I was speaking to a gentleman who has bad luck and is in___24___. We were just talking for a while and getting to___25___each other.
Towards the end of our evening he said he wanted to___26___me a hamburger at the nearby fast food restaurant. In time before, I would have___27___that he let me buy him a meal, since he had a greater___28___than I. But my kindness experience has taught me the___29___of being a good receiver, too. So I told him if he___30___wanted to do that I would be___31___to share a meal with him.
It was great! He was so happy to be able to___32___something like that and he was___33___the entire time.
I felt glad to___34___the wonderful feeling of someone’s giving. We___35___some great conversation and I could see it___36___so much to him.
As we parted ways, instead of me feeling bad that he probably spent his last few___37___on our meal, I smiled and felt with a wonderful___38___of connection and gratitude. It’s not only fun to be a receiver of kindness,___39___this also gives someone else the chance to be the___40___. That is important, too.
21. A. wasting B. killing C. spending D. saving
22. A. active B. fortunate C. famous D. familiar
23. A. chance B. price C. right D. method
24. A. return B. prison C. common D. trouble
25. A. know B. hate C. love D. encourage
26. A. borrow B. buy C. make D. show
27. A. noticed B. demanded C. ordered D. insisted
28. A. need B. life C. wish D. wealth
29. A. truth B. power C. importance D. base
30. A. exactly B. really C. selflessly D. briefly
31. A. happy B. generous C. sad D. peaceful
32. A. create B. refuse C. ignore D. do
33. A. regretting B. shouting C. smiling D. praising
34. A. send out B. take away C. calm down D. go through
35. A. missed B. avoided C. shared D. judged
36. A. changed B. remained C. lost D. meant
37. A. choices B. dollars C. efforts D. times
38. A. sight B. pride C. act D. sense
39. A. and B. or C. but D. so
40. A. giver B. helper C. receiver D. donator
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
The importance of a second language, which refers to English in most cases inChina, can't be over emphasized as the country becomes___41.___(increase) integrated with the rest of the world.
My generation is the one that is influenced by Western culture greatly. After I entered university and___42.___(choose) English as my major, knowledge of English helped me have access to Western music, arts, history, politics, economy and natural landscape so that I could better understand the___43.___(diverse) o£ this planet.___44.___language has also helped me experience and understand other cultures. My job involved business trips abroad, and the first country I visited wasEgypt,___45.___most people could speak some English. I bought perfume and Hijab (头巾)from the local market; I had a kebab (烤肉串)in a restaurant by the Nile；I rode on a camel near Khufu Pyramid; I toured Egyptian Museum,___46.___(visit) sarcophagus, mummies and the Face of Tutankham which are very famous in the world. What a wonderful and___47.___(forget) experience! Without English I had no way___48.___(order) meals, buy tickets, bargain with peddlers, not to mention that I could understand the splendid Egyptian history.
___49.___conclusion, English as my second language enables me to see more wonderful____50.____(view), and experience the world.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）,并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1 .每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Virtues are jewel of great price. I find honesty is most valuable virtue in my heart. And it is always accompany my
growth.
As a child, I was constantly told the story namingThe Wolf Is Coming, which obviously has a lasting influence. Over time, I've increasing realized the importance of honesty and try to carry it out. Only then I'm honest and reliable, will I be trusted with others.
Actually. being honest . I've found it more easier to make friends. The virtue of honesty will help me open the door to success of our career and life.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Karie double-checked the words on her spelling test. If she got 100 percent today, she’d win her class’s First Quarter Spelling Challenge and a brand-new dictionary that came with videos and other cool stuff Three more words to go. N-i-c-e-l-y. Q-u-i-c-k-l-y. H-o-n-e-s-t-y. Wait! She’d spelled honesty, not honestly! She erased the t-y and wrote l-y before handing in her paper. "I’ll correct these while you’re having a break", Ms. McCormack said. After the break, Karie hurried into the classroom. She was nervous in her seat. She tapped her pencil.
Ms. McCormack walked to the front of the room and cleared her throat. “Congratulations, Karie! You did it!” She announced. The whole class cheered. Ms. McCormack presented Karie with her prizes. Karie smiled as she read the label on the box：To Karie Carter, for her perfect first-quarter score in spelling.
“Everything OK?” Mom asked as Karie burst through the front door after school.
“Everything is PERFECT!-’ Karie shouted, showing Mom her spelling test and prizes.”.
Mom hugged her, “Put the test on the fridge so Dad and Kevin can see it when they get home.”
“And Casper, too/’ Karie picked up her cat. “Can you spell nicely, Casper? And quickly and honesty, and...’, Karie’s stomach fell to the floor. Honesty? H-O-N-E-S-L-Y! Karie, what’s the matter?” said Mom. “I don’t feel so good,” Karie said, putting Casper down and stuffing the test paper into her backpack. “Probably too much excitement,” Mom rubbed her back. “How about some tea?” Karie swallowed. "How did you know? At is exactly what I needed. “Good,” said Mom. “Nice tea coming right up.” After drinking a few sips, Karie walked slowly down the hall and fell onto her bed. How could she tell the class she hadn’t earned the prizes after all? Soon Karie heard her dad and Kevin come in. The smell of pizza filled the air. Karie walked to the kitchen.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右：
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Paragraph 1：
Dad asked, “Where is your spelling test paper, Karie ?”
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2：
Karie got to school very early the next morning.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. C
2. A
3. C
4. B
5. D
6. A
7. C
8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A
12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A
16. F 17. D 18. G 19. A 20. E
21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. A 32.
D 33. C 34. B 35. C 36. D 37. B 38. D 39. C 40. A
41. increasingly
42. chose 43. diversity
44. The 45. where##whose
46. visiting
47. unforgettable
48. to order
49. In 50. views
51.(1).jewel→jewels
(2).most前加the
(3).accompany→accompanying
(4).naming→named
(5).increasing→increasingly
(6).try→tried
(7).then→if
(8).with→by
(9).去掉more
(10).our→my
52.略。