八年级英语外研版上册(考点剖析+典题精讲)Module6Afamousstory

初中英语考点剖析与典题精讲系列
三点剖析
单词·典句·考点
suddenly ［］adv.突然地
【经典例句】Suddenly,he rushed into the rain.
突然他冲进雨中。

【考点聚焦】1)派生词:sudden adj.突然的,意外的;
2)suddenly作为副词常用于句首或句末。

fall ［］v.落下;倒下
【经典例句】The boy fell off his bike yesterday.
昨天那个小男孩从自行车上摔下来了。

【考点聚焦】常见搭配:
fall off 从……摔下来;fall down 跌倒;fall over 向前跌倒;fall into 掉进里;fall in love with...爱上……;fall asleep 睡着
outside［］prep.在……的外面
【经典例句】He saw someone outside the window.
他看见窗外有人。

【考点聚焦】1)反义词:inside 在……的里面;
如:
2)outside还可作形容词,意思是“外面的”，
knew little of the outside world 对外面的世界所知甚少
如:
作副词,意思是“外面”，
It’s cold outside.外面很冷。

【活学活用】 1.翻译句子
我们在大门外见面吧!
Let’s meet .
答案：outside the gate
across ［］prep.越过……
【经典例句】Go across the bridge,and you’ll see the village.
过了那座桥,你就能看见那个村庄了。

【考点聚焦】1)派生词:cross v.穿过,越过;crossing n.交叉口;
2)同义词辨析:across和through均有“越过”之意,across强调从事物的表面越过,而through强调从事物的内部穿过。

如:
swim across the river/walk across the road;go through the window/gate/forest(森林)
【活学活用】 2.选择
You can’t the road.It’s dangerous.
A.cross
B.across
C.through
D.crossing
答案：A
during ［］prep.在……期间
【经典例句】The sun gives us light during the day.
太阳在白天给我们阳光。

【考点聚焦】同义词辨析:during指在一个连续的时间范围内或在某一事情的进程中;in后多接表示时代、时期、年代、月份、季节等的名词。

【活学活用】 3.根据括号内汉语补全句子
He fell asleep .(他在上数学课时睡着了。

)
答案：during the math class
queue ［］n. 队伍
【经典例句】It’s rude to jump the queue.
插队是不礼貌的。

【考点聚焦】1)同义词:line 队伍;
2)常见搭配:jump the queue 插队,不按顺序排队等候;stand in a queue 站成长队。

【活学活用】 4.选择填空
jump the queue/wait in a queue
We should at the bus stop.If you ,other people will be angry.
答案：wait in a queue;jump the queue
stop ［］v.停止
【经典例句】She stopped me and asked directions.
她叫住我问路。

【考点聚焦】1)常见搭配:stop doing sth.停止做某事;stop to do sth.停下来去做另外一件事。

如:a bus stop。

2)stop还可作名词,意思是“车站”，
【活学活用】 5.用所给词的适当形式填空
Stop (talk)!The teacher is coming.
I am too tired.Let’s stop (have) a rest.
答案：talking;to have
短语·典句·考点
run past...跑过……
【经典例句】Linda ran past me,but she didn’t see me.
琳达从我身边跑过,但她没看见我。

【考点聚焦】1)短语中的past是介词,“经过,超过”之意,如:half past nine 九点半;类似短语还有walk past.../go past...走过;
2)past也可用作副词,如:
He walked past.他走过去了。

用作名词,“过去”之意,如:
Let’s forget the past.让我们忘掉过去吧!
如:
用作形容词,“过去的”，
In the past two years,I’ve learned twenty English songs.
在过去的两年里,我学了20首英文歌曲。

3)pass v.通过,其过去式passed和past是同音词。

【活学活用】 6.选词填空
Li Lei (passed,past) the finishing line first.
答案：passed
fall down 跌倒,倒下
【经典例句】 A car hit him and he fell down.
一辆车撞了他,接着他就倒下了。

【考点聚焦】要记住以fall为中心的一些短语:
fall off 从……上掉下fall over 向前跌倒
fall behind 落后,掉队fall asleep 睡着
【活学活用】7.用上面fall短语的适当形式填空
Wang Li when he passed the stick to Bill.
Study hard,or you will others.
He was so tired that he quickly.
He his bike and hurt himself.
答案：fell down;fall behind;fell asleep;fell off
take...out of...把……从……取出来
【经典例句】You can’t take books out of the library.
你不能把书从图书馆里拿出来。

【考点聚焦】类似搭配:look out of... 向……外看;get out of/walk out of... 从……走出来。

【活学活用】8.根据括号内的汉语提示完成句子
He a pen .(他从书包里拿出一支笔。

)
答案：took;out of his bag
句子·剖析·拓展
Once or twice she looked into her sister’s book,but it had no pictures or conversations in it.
她曾一两次翻看她姐姐的书,但书中既没有图画又没有对话。

【剖析】1)这是but 连接的并列句;
2)once or twice表示“一两次”;no相当于not any。

【拓展】类似用法还有one or two days/one day or two;no用在句中修饰名词时,相当于not a(an)或not any。

There is no student in the classroom.教室里没有学生。

So she was thinking of making a daisy chain when suddenly a white rabbit with pink eyes
ran by her.
于是,她想着编个雏菊项链,就在这时,突然一只长着粉红眼睛的白兔子跑了过去。

【剖析】1)这是包含由when引导的时间状语从句的复合句,when在句中意思为“就在这时”，表示正做某事时又发生了另一个动作;
2)with pink eyes作rabbit的定语;by用作介词,意为“经过”。

二是“就在这时”。

【拓展】when引导时间状语从句时有两种含义,一是“当……的时候”，
When he was reading,the headteacher came in.
当他在读书的时候，班主任进来了。

He was talking and laughing,when the headteacher came.
他又说又笑，正在这时班主任进来了。

She never saw a rabbit with a pocket or a watch,so she ran across the field after it.
她从未见过有口袋和手表的兔子,于是她跟着兔子跑过了田野。

【剖析】1)这是由so连接的并列句;
2)前半句是否定句,用or而不是用and连接 a pocket和a watch。

【拓展】1)否定词除not外,还有no,never,hardly,nothing,nobody等;
2)so与because不能用在同一句子中。

上句可改成Because she never saw a rabbit with a pocket or a watch,she ran across the field after it.
She saw it go down a large rabbit hole under the hedge.
她看见那只兔子进了树篱之中一个很大的兔子洞。

【剖析】这是一个简单句,其中包含see sb./sth.do sth.这一结构,后面省略to的不定式作宾语
补足语,表示“看见……经常做或做过……”。

【拓展】1)see 后除接不定式作宾补外,还可接doing作宾补,表示“看见……正在做……”；He saw his mother doing housework when he got up earlier.
他早起时发现母亲在做家务。

2)see,hear,watch,feel有相同的用法。

I heard her singing when I passed by the classroom.
我路过教室时听见她在唱歌。

I didn’t know Mary until she started going to my school.
直到玛丽开始在我们学校上学,我才认识了她。

【剖析】这是一个包含until引导的时间状语从句的复合句,not...until...句型表示“直到……才……”，主句动词常为非延续性动词。

He didn’t went to bed until it was eleven o’clock.
他直到十一点才上床睡觉。

【拓展】若主句动词是延续性动词,则只用until。

He read books in the study until I went to call him.
他在书房读书，一直读到我去叫他。

语法·剖析
过去进行时的含义和用法归纳
意义标志构成举例
表示在过去某一时刻或一段时间正在进行的动作。

at this time
yesterday/at 9:00
last night/from
7:00 to 10:00
yesterday morning
等
肯定式was/were+v.-ing
My father was reading a
newspaper this time
yesterday.
否定式was/were+not+v
.-ing
My father wasn’t reading a
newspaper this time
yesterday.
一般疑问式was/were提前
Was your father reading a
newspaper this time
yesterday?
典题精讲
经典题型
例1（2010武汉中考）He is ill in hospital, he can’t come here.
A.so
B.if
C.because
思路解析：此题题意是“他生病住院了,因此不能来了”。

前后两个句子是因果关系,因此答案为A。

绿色通道：解对此类题应注意三个选项与含义和用法,so表结果,“因此,所以”;if表条件,“如果”;because表原因,“因为”。

例2（2010湖北黄石中考）went surfing at the beach because of the terrible weather.
A.Someone
B.Everyone
C.Nothing
D.No one
思路解析：此题题意是“因为天气糟糕,没有人去海滩冲浪”。

根据句意及选项的意思可知故
答案为D。

绿色通道：解对此类题应要注意揣摩句意,理解基础上作出选择,然后重读句子,进行检查。

例3（2010厦门中考）Keep quiet,please.They a meeting right now.
A.have
B.had
C.are having
D.have had
思路解析：此题题意是“请安静,他们正在开会”。

根据前面的祈使句,可以判断出后面的动作是正在进行,故用现在进行时。

答案:C
绿色通道：解对此类题应注意现在进行时的使用。

有时看标志词,有时要根据句意作出判断。

例4（2010徐州中考）—I called you at eight o’clock yesterday evening,but there was no answer.—Oh,I’m sorry.I dinner at my friend’s home.
A.have
B.had
C.was having
D.have had
思路解析：此题题意是“昨天晚上八点我给你打电话,但没人接。

”“抱歉,当时我正在朋友家吃饭。

”昨晚打电话时我正在朋友家,用过去进行时,故答案为C。

黑色陷阱：本题的陷阱在于很多同学将对话内容分开来看,这样就会导致你对题目的选择片
面符合某句的意思,而不符合对话的整体含义。

原创题
阅读短文,从每小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案。

Will the sky ever fall?The answer is no.But if it happens there’s no need to be afraid!
The American film Chicken Little(《四眼天鸡》) opened on November 4,2010.Its story teaches us:don’t worry too much in your life.
One day Chicken Little is in the woods when an acorn(橡子) falls on his head!This makes him afraid.He thinks a piece of sky is falling!He can’t wait to tell everyone about it.They run for their lives!When everyone learns the truth(真相),no one likes Chicken Little.They laugh at him.He gets a bad name in the town,Oakey Oaks.It’s time for him to change others’minds.
Chicken Little begins to play baseball.He is not bigger than a ball,but he plays very well!He helps his team win.Now they think he’s great.
Just then,a spaceship really does fall from the sky!The aliens(外星人) abroad have bad plans.Once again he must tell people about it!Will he get help from his friends in the town?Can he show himself a different person?You have to watch the film to find it out!
1.How did Chicken Little think the sky was falling?
A.He was hit on the head by an acorn.
B.A baseball hits him.
C.A spaceship falls from the sky.
D.He met an alien.
思路解析：此题题是“四眼天鸡为何认为天塌下来了?”上文第三段前三句话提到有一天他正
在树林里走着一个橡果正好砸在他头上,因此令他认为天塌下来了。

答案:A
2.Why do people give Chicken Little a bad name?
A.Because he forces people to believe his words.
B.Because people think he tells a lie.
C.Because he wants the sky to fall.
D.Because he brings the aliens to the earth.
思路解析：此题题意是“人们为何给他起了个坏名字?”上文第三段第四、五、六句话提到他
迫不及待地把天塌下来的消息告诉别人以至于大家都四处逃生,而当后来大家知道真相时,纷纷嘲笑他并给他起了个坏名字。

答案:B
3.The film Chicken Little tells us .
A.never worry about yourself
B.never worry too much in your life
C.never be afraid of the aliens
D.never believe anything
思路解析：此题题意是“这部电影告诉我们什么道理”。

上文第二段最后一句告诉我们不要太
为生活中的事情担心。

答案:B
4.What’s the best title for the passage?
A.Is the sky really falling?
B.Can you answer the question?
C.Are you afraid of the sky falling?
D.Have you seen the film?
思路解析：此题题意是“文章最好的题目是什么?”电影就是由四眼天鸡误认为天塌下来而引
出的一系列故事。

答案:A
5.What does the underlined word“it”in the passage mean?
A.The sky will fall.
B.He plays baseball well.
C.The aliens will carry out bad plans.
D.He will reach the outer space.
思路解析：此题题意是“文中画线的it指代什么?”上文第五段开头提到一艘宇宙飞船降落,里面的外星人要实施破坏计划,四眼天鸡想把这件事情告诉大家,因此it指代的是外星人入侵。

答案:C
巧学法园地
阅读理解“五注意”
阅读理解是对学生所学英语知识的理解和运用能力的综合测试。

阅读时要注意下列内
容:
1.注意带着问题读文章。

尽快地把文章后面的问题先看一遍,做到心中有数,然后带着问题去阅读短文,边读边捕捉文中与问题相关的信息点,初步掌握文章大意和作者意图。

2.注意把握五个“W”和一个“H”。

在速读全文,了解文章的基础上,理顺思路,摸清脉络,然后把着眼点转到文章的每一个段落上,尽快地把握住文章的五个“W”(who,where,wh en,what,why)和一个“H”(how)。

3.注意抓住文章的主题和每段的中心句。

一般来说,每段的中心句多是首句或末句。

4.注意阅读必须讲究速度。

生词率少于5%的材料中,一般阅读速度在每分钟60~80个单词,阅读速度太慢也会影响阅读效果。

5.注意猜测词义要讲究方法。

①利用构词法知识猜测词义;②根据同位语、定语从句等说明性
词语来猜测;③利用本句前后关联词来猜测。