1高考山西人教英语一轮复习教材研读：Boo nit 4 Wildlife protection 含解析

Book 2Unit 4Wildlife protection
(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
1 contain vt.包含;容纳;克制(强烈的感情等);抑制
◆赏句猜义
①It contains a lot of pictures taken during my childhood. It keeps a record of my birth at the hospital, my first smile and my first walk.
②The stadium is large enough to contain 100 thousand people.
③Hearing the disappointing news, he was too sad to contain himself.
◆用contain和include的适当形式填空
My friend offered me a container ④many kinds of fruits, bananas ⑤. But I refused to accept it. He was so angry that he couldn't ⑥himself and threw it away. What he did surprised all the people present, ⑦ me.
1.答案①包含②容纳③克制;抑制
④containing⑤included⑥contain⑦including
(1)contain表示所含之物的全部或一部分;侧重
所含的数量或成分,不用于进行时。

(2)include指作为整体中的一部分而被包括进
去,通常指同类。

常使用“including+被包括部
分”或“被包括部分+included”的结构。

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助记
2 affect vt.影响;感动;侵袭
◆单句填空
①With the aid of the government, those people (affect) by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.
②If a basketball star is, for example,trying to gain a high personal point total, he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate, (affect) the team's performance.(2019北京)
③They are extremely important in the safe and (effect) running of our programmes. (2019北京)
◆单句改错
④No one can deny the effect parents have with their children.
◆句型升级
Many young people were affected by his story and began to pay attention to wildlife protection.
→⑤, many young people began to pay attention to wildlife protection. (分词作状语) 2.答案①affected②affecting③effective④with→on⑤Affected by his story
(1)be deeply affected by被……深深打动
be affected by the heat/the cold中暑/着凉
(2)effect n.作用;影响
have an effect/influence on对……产生影响
(3)effective adj.有效的;起作用的
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联想
表“影响”的其他动词短语:have an impact on。

3 appreciate vt.鉴赏;感激;意识到
◆单句填空
①I'd appreciate you (answer) me as soon as possible.
②I expressed my (appreciate) of what he had done.
◆单句改错
③I would appreciate if you could reply at your earliest convenience.
◆一句多译
如果你能给我这个机会,我将非常感激。

(2019课标全国Ⅰ书面表达)
④I if you could offer me the opportunity. (appreciate)
⑤I if you could offer me the opportunity.(grateful)
3.答案①answering②appreciation③appreciate后加it ④would appreciate it ⑤would be grateful
(1)appreciate+n./pron./v.-ing重视/感激……
I would appreciate it if...假如……,我将不胜感激
(2)appreciation n.欣赏;感激
in appreciation of欣赏;感激
易错
当appreciate, hate, dislike, love, like, depend on
等词或短语后接宾语从句时,一般先接it,再接宾
语从句。

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4 succeed vi.成功 vt.接替;继任 ◆单句填空
①Positive thinking and action result in (succeed).(2019北京)
②It never occurred to me that you could succeed persuading him to change his mind. ③They began as a modestly (success) musician group and ended the year as show business legends(传说).(2019浙江)
④As far as I know, John succeeded Tom chairman of the students' union. ◆一句多译
⑤昨天的聚会很成功。

Yesterday the party {
. (succeed ) . (successful ) . (success )
4.答案 ①success ②in ③successful ④as ⑤succeeded greatly;was very successful;was a great success
(1)succeed in doing sth.成功地做某事 succeed to sth.继承…… succeed sb. as 接替某人成为…… (2)successful adj.成功的
be successful in doing sth.成功地做某事 (3)success n.[U]成功;成就[C]成功的人或事物
5 employ vt.雇用;利用(时间、精力等) ◆单句填空
①Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations (employ) only since the mid-1980s. (2019课标全国Ⅰ)
②Favorable policies are in effect to encourage (employee) professional development.(2019江苏)
◆句型升级
My brother was employed in preparing for the coming exam and he didn't have time to enjoy the various activities in the neighborhood.
→③,my brother didn't have time to enjoy the various activities in the neighborhood.(用过去分词改写)
→④,my brother didn't have time to enjoy the various activities in the neighborhood.(用现在分词改写)
5.答案①have been employed②employees'③Employed in preparing for the coming exam
④Employing himself in preparing for the coming exam
(1)employ sb. as...雇用某人为……
employ sb. to do sth. 雇用某人做某事
be employed in doing sth.忙于做某事
(2)employer n.雇主
(3)employee n.雇员;受雇者
(4)employment n.职业;工作;使用
6 harm vt.& n. 损害;危害
◆单句填空
①Be careful and many household products are potentially (harm).
②The company has been working at developing (harm) substitutes for these gases.
◆句型转换
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Being exposed to violence is bad for a child's growth.
→③Being exposed to violence .(harm n.)
→④Being exposed to violence .(harmful)
◆写作微测
吸烟有害健康,而好的生活习惯有益健康。

⑤
6.答案①harmful②harmless③does harm to a child's growth④is harmful to a child's growth⑤Smoking is harmful to/does harm to health, while good living habits are good for/do good to it.
(1)do sb. harm=do harm to sb. 对某人有害
There is no harm in doing sth.不妨做某事
(2)harmful adj.有害的
be harmful to=do harm to
(3)do good to=be good for对……有好处
1 die out 灭亡;逐渐消失
◆单句填空
①As the living environment becomes worse and worse, many species are gradually
dying .
②You mentioned that you would like to teach English in return, which is exactly what I am
dying .
◆写作微测
为了提高我的英语口语和获得更多的社会经验,我渴望成为一名志愿者。

(2018浙江书面表达)
③In order to improve my spoken English and get more social experience, .
1.答案①out②for③I am dying to become a volunteer
(1)die away (声音、光线等)逐渐消失
die of/from因……而死
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die down减弱;平息
(2)be dying for很想要;渴望
be dying to do sth.极想做某事
易错
die常用作不及物动词,不用于被动语态,也不能
与表示时间段的状语连用;dead为形容词,表状
态,可与表时间段的状语连用。

2 protect...from... 保护……不受……(危害)
◆单句填空
①Earth Day,marked on 22 April,is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental (protect).(2019北京)
②As is known to us all, shoes play an important role in our life, for they can protect our feet from (hurt).
③China's approach to (protect) its environment while feeding its citizens offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide.(2018课标全国Ⅱ)
◆完成句子
保护野生动植物是人类和自然和谐相处的一种重要方式。

④ for human beings to live in harmony with nature.
2.答案①protection②being hurt③protecting ④Protecting wildlife is an important way
protect...against...保护……不受……侵害
prevent...from doing sth.阻止……做某事
stop...from doing sth.阻止……做某事
易错
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在stop/prevent...(from) doing sth.中,与
stop/prevent搭配的from可以省略,但在被动语
态中from不可省去。

3 pay attention to 注意
◆单句填空
①In our childhood, we were often reminded by Grandma (pay) attention to our table manners.
②Much attention should be paid to (protect) the polluted water.
③As a student, you should fix your attention your study.
◆一句多译
我们应该注意保护环境。

④(pay attention to)
⑤(devote one's attention to)
3.答案①to pay②protecting③on④We should pay attention to protecting the environment.
⑤We should devote our attention to protecting the environment.
devote one's attention to把注意力放在……
bring...to one's attention 使某事引起某人注意
call one's attention to唤起某人对……的注意
fix/focus/concentrate one's attention on...把某人
的注意力集中在……
draw one's attention to使某人注意……
易错
pay attention to中的attention没有复数,其前可
以用much, little, enough等修饰,to是介词,后接
名词、代词、动名词作宾语。

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1 as 引导方式状语从句
It shows the importance of wildlife protection, but I'd like to help as the WWF suggests.这体现了野生动植物保护的重要性,不过,我还是想按照世界自然基金会(WWF)的建议来帮助你们。

◆赏句猜义
①As you were out, I left a message.
②They sang songs as they were doing the farm work.
③Ann wouldn't write down a series of facts in her diary as most people do. ◆句型转换
④Though I got up early, I was still late this morning. → .(改为倒装句) ◆写作微测
正如谚语所说,“入乡随俗”。

(2018课标全国Ⅰ) ⑤
1.答案 ①因为;由于 ②当……时候 ③按照;如同 ④Early as/though I got up, I was still late this morning ⑤Just as the saying goes, “When in Rome do as Romans do.”
as 在句中引导方式状语从句,意为“按照;
如
同”。

归纳
as的不同用法:
(1)“如同;按照”,引导方式状语从句
(2)“当……时候;随着”,引导时间状语从句
(3)“因为;既然”,引导原因状语从句
(4)“尽管”,引导让步状语从句,常用倒装语序,可
与though互换
2 the way作先行词,后跟省略that/in which的定语从句
They learned this from the way the bones were joined together.
◆单句填空
①This is the only way we can think of (solve) the problem.
②The easiest way (accomplish) this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbor should. (2019浙江)
◆写作微测
唐诗是古人表达思想和情感的一种重要方式。

③Tang poems are an important way .
2.答案①to solve②to accomplish③for ancient people to express their ideas as well as feelings
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(1)way表示“方式;方法”时,其后常接in which或
that引导的定语从句,也可以将关系词in which
或that省略掉,此时关系词在从句中作状语。

(2)way后接定语从句时,如果关系词在从句中作
主语或宾语则用关系代词that/which,作宾语时
还可以省略。

(3)way表示“方式;方法”时,其后还可接不定式
或of doing sth.的形式。

1 教材与语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

One day,Daisy dreamed1strange dream. She flew on a 2(wonder)carpet to talk with an antelope in Tibet. The antelope told her they were hunted because of their fur which can3 (use) to make sweaters like hers. Soon they may all be 4(go).Later,she flew to Zimbabwe5 she talked with an elephant and got to know the farmers there no6(long) hunted them. That's because the government decided7 (help) and the farmers finally made a lot of money from the tourism.
At last she8(arrive) at the thick rain forest where a monkey told her “No rainforest,no animals9no drugs”.Although10(final) everything was gone,she had learned so much!
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6.7.8.9.10.
答案
1.a
2.wonderful
3.be used
4.gone
5.where
6.longer
7.to help
8.arrived
9.and10.finally
2 教材与短文改错
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根据课文内容,对下面材料进行修改。

文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

Many animals have disappeared during the long history of the earth. The more famous of these animals are dinosaurs. They lived in the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came being. Their future seemed securely at that time. There had many different kinds of dinosaurs. The number of them used to living in China. Nobody knows for sure why and how dinosaurs disappeared from the earth in so a short time. According to a UN reports, some 844 animals and plants have been disappeared in the last 500 years. 答案
Many animals have disappeared during the long history of the earth. The ①more
most famous of these animals are dinosaurs. They lived ②in
on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came ③∧into being. Their future seemed ④securely secure
at that time. There ⑤had
were many different kinds of
dinosaurs. ⑥
The A
number of them used to ⑦
living live
in China. Nobody knows for sure why and how
dinosaurs disappeared from the earth in ⑧so
such a short time. According to a UN ⑨reports
report , some 844 animals and plants have ⑩been disappeared in the last 500 years. 3 教材与话题写作 Ⅰ.写作要点
用本单元所学词汇和句型完成。

1.过度捕杀极大地影响了野生动物的数量。

(hunt;affect)
2.一些动物灭绝了,也有一些处境危险。

(die out;in danger)
3.我们的政府已经注意到了这种状况,并采取了一系列措施。

(pay attention to)
4.我们已成功地阻止了这种状况的恶化。

(succeed) Ⅱ.连句成篇
将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。

答案
Ⅱ.[参考范文]
Hunting too much has affected the number of wild animals greatly. As a result, some animals have died out and others are in danger. Fortunately, our government has paid attention to the situation and has taken a series of measures. Much to our delight, we have succeeded in preventing the situation from getting worse.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2019山西阳泉考前适应性测试)
If you want to see the major sights in Vancouver and come home with amazing photographs, this 3-hour photography tour is the way to go. Walk through Vancouver's top sightseeing locations, get guidance on photography basics and find the best spots to photograph the city. From Stanley Park's totem poles and old-growth trees to the most popular beaches and dining spots, you leave with beautiful mementos of the city.
Historical Chinatown Walking Tour
Explore the colorful past of Canada's oldest Chinatown, in Victoria, British Columbia. This guided walking tour will lead you through the streets and storied allies of the historic neighborhood, as
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your guide tells you the interesting, sometimes sad tales of the people who helped build the city and shape Canada as well as modern China.
Small Group Sea to Sky Tour
The Sea to Sky Highway is one of the world's most beautiful and celebrated roadways. You don't have to take your eyes off the scenery on this small group tour because someone else is doing the driving. Tour stops include a short hike to impressive Shannon Falls, the gorgeous Sea to Sky gondola, and award-winning Britannia Mine Museum.
Eagle Viewing River Float Tour
Dress warmly under a blanket with a cup of hot chocolate for a winter float on the river. The area is the winter habitat of bald eagles, and this trip gives you the opportunity to learn about the birds as you float through their area. After the boat ride, return to dry land just in time for a free, hearty meal before heading back to Vancouver.
1.In which tour will you get instruction in photo-taking?
A.Small Group Sea to Sky Tour.
B.Vancouver Stanley Park Tour.
C.Eagle Viewing River Float Tour.
D.Historical Chinatown Walking Tour.
2.What will you do on the Chinatown Walking Tour?
A.Build modern China.
B.Tell interesting stories.
C.Learn about its history.
D.Enjoy boat sightseeing.
3.Which of the following does the Eagle Viewing River Float Tour provide?
A.A free hunt.
B.A free and hearty meal.
C.A hike in the woods.
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D.A cup of black tea.
答案
[语篇解读]本文为应用文,题材为旅游类。

介绍了四个在温哥华旅行值得去的地方。

1.B细节理解题。

根据文章第一段中的get guidance on photography basics...可知在这里你可学到摄影知识。

故选B。

2.C细节理解题。

根据文章第二段中的...as your guide tells you the interesting, sometimes sad tales of the people who helped build the city and shape Canada as well as modern China.可知导游给你讲述那些帮助建造这座城市和塑造加拿大及现代中国的人们的有趣的、有时是悲伤的故事。

故选C。

3.B细节理解题。

根据文章最后一段中的After the boat ride, return to dry land just in time for a free, hearty meal before heading back to Vancouver.可知它提供免费且丰盛的一餐。

故选B。

B
(2019江西重点中学盟校高三第一次联考)
The mass death of flying foxes in extreme heat in North Queensland last month underlines the importance of the University of Queensland wildlife research released today. The UQ research sheds light on how various species have responded to major climate events.
A study led by the UQ School of Earth and Environmental Science researcher Dr Sean Maxwell has spent more than 70 years quantifying the responses of various species.
“The growing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events such as cyclones, droughts and floods is causing unpredictable and immediate changes to ecosystems and blocking existing management efforts,” Dr Maxwell said.“Some of the negative responses we found were quite concerning, including more than 100 cases of dramatic population declines and 31 cases of local population extinction fo llowing an extreme event.”
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“Populations of critically endangered bird species in Hawaii, such as the palia, have been annihilated due to droughts, leaving none of its kind, and populations of lizard species have been wiped out due to cyclones in the Bahama s.”
Cyclones were the most common extreme event for birds, fish, plants and reptiles, while mammals and amphibians were most responsive to drought events, with droughts leading to 12 cases of major population decline in mammals. Droughts also led to 13 cases of breeding decline in bird populations and 12 cases of changes in the composition of invertebrate(无脊椎的) communities.
The UQ Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science director Professor James Watson said the detailed information would help inform ecosystem management.
“The research clearly shows species will respond, often negatively, to extreme events,” Professor Watson said.“As climate change continues to ensure extreme climate and weather events are more and more common, we now need to act to ensure species have the best chance to survive. Wherever possible, high quality and intact(完整无损的) habitat areas should be retained, as these are the places where species are most resilient(可迅速恢复的) to increasing exposure to extreme events.”
4.How was the UQ research conducted?
A.By observing extreme weather events.
B.By protecting the endangered species.
C.By recording reactions of animals to extreme climate.
D.By analyzing the reason why mass animal death happened.
5.What does the underlined word “annihilated” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A.Destroyed.
B.Defeated.
C.Decreased.
D.Disappeared.
6.Which of the following sentences is true about extreme weather events?
A.Droughts caused 13 cases of distinction in bird populations.
B.Droughts caused 12 cases of population decline in mammals.
C.Birds and mammals are most responsive to cyclones.
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D.Cyclones wiped out populations of lizard.
7.What can we infer from Professor Watson's words?
A.Animals often show negative responses to extreme events.
B.The existing management ways for wildlife protection are limited.
C.Different methods should be adopted to ensure the survival of different species.
plete and undamaged habitats are of great importance to species' survival.
答案
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。

昆士兰大学野生动物研究中心今天发布的一份报告显示,上个
月在昆士兰州北部极端高温下大量飞狐死亡。

这份报告凸显了该研究的重要性。

昆士兰大学的
研究揭示了不同物种对重大气候事件的反应。

4.C推理判断题。

根据第二段中的A study led by the UQ School of Earth and Environmental Science researcher Dr Sean Maxwell has spent more than 70 years quantifying the responses of various species.(英国昆士兰大学地球与环境科学学院的研究员Sean Maxwell博士领导了一项研究,该研
究用了70多年的时间来量化不同物种的反应。

)可知,英国昆士兰大学通过记录动物对极端气候
的反应进行了这项研究,故选C项。

5.D词义猜测题。

根据第四段中画线词所在句中的leaving none of its kind(一只也没留下)可知,
画线词意为“灭绝的”。

destroyed遭破坏的;defeated击败的;decreased减少的;disappeared消失的。

故选D项。

6.B细节理解题。

根据倒数第三段中的while mammals and amphibians were most responsive to drought events, with droughts leading to 12 cases of major population decline in mammals可知,哺乳
动物和两栖动物对干旱事件最敏感,干旱导致了12例哺乳动物的主要种群数量下降,故选B项。

7.D推理判断题。

根据最后一段中的Wherever possible, high quality and intact(完整无损的) habitat areas should be retained, as these are the places where species are most resilient(可迅速恢复的) to increasing exposure to extreme events.(只要有可能,就应该保留高质量和完整的栖息地,因为这
些地方是物种对日益增加的极端事件的适应能力最强的地方。

)可推断出,完整无损的栖息地对
物种的生存至关重要,故选D项。

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Ⅱ.七选五
(2019山东济宁二模)
Volunteering in your community gives you a chance to give back.1, and a local organization will benefit, too. If you want to get started volunteering, find an organization that's a good fit for you, and then decide what you have to offer. Then you can apply to volunteer at that organization and get started in your new position.
2.When you decide to volunteer, you may want to plug into the first volunteer opportunity you come across. However, you're likely to be happier and volunteer longer at an organization that supports a cause you care about.
Pick an organization that will teach you something new. The first objective of volunteering is helping an organization and your community.3. For one, they can give you career experience you don't have. Some organizations will also offer you training and career development. Consider how volunteering at a particular organization may benefit you in the future.
Identify your skills. When thinking about where you want to volunteer, considering your skill set is important. Organizations are always looking for people with different skill sets.4,you should be able to find a place that can use those skills.
Treat the application like a job. While some volunteer opportunities will be relatively low-key when it comes to the application process, others will want many of the same things an employer would want.5. They'll likely want to talk with you, as well as check your references. Be courteous and professional throughout these interactions.
A.No matter what you're good at
B.Ask what's expected of volunteers
C.Focus on causes you feel strongly about
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D.Once you've volunteered there for a short period
E.For instance, many will have you fill out an application
F.However, the volunteer opportunities can also benefit you
G.You'll feel a sense of pride that you are volunteering your time
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
答案
[语篇解读]志愿者工作是一件双赢的事情。

如果你想做志愿者工作的话,本文给你提出了几条切实可行的建议。

1.G过渡句。

设空处前表达:在你的社区做志愿者给了你一个回报的机会。

设空后的并列连词and是关键词,连接做志愿者工作的双赢好处。

此处表达:在你奉献出你的时间做这份工作时你会有一种自豪感,同时也会让当地的组织从你的工作中受益。

2.C主题句。

本段以及后面几段的第一句话都是本段的主题句,用祈使句提出建议。

根据本段最后一句话“然而,你可能会更快乐并且会在一个支持你所关心的事业的组织里做更长时间的志愿者”可知,本文首先建议你专注于你强烈感兴趣的事情,故选C项。

3.F过渡句。

设空处前表达:志愿服务的第一个目标是帮助一个组织和你的社区。

设空后描述的是志愿服务对我们自己的益处,前后为转折关系,其中However为关键词。

4.A细节句。

设空处前表达:组织往往是寻找那些有各种技能的人才。

结合设空处与其后句子之间的逗号可知,本句逗号前是状语从句,逗号后是主句。

无论你自己擅长什么,你总会找到一个用上你的技能的地方。

根据语境可知答案为A项。

5.E细节句。

本段描述了申请志愿者工作的一些步骤,其中一项是可能让你填写申请表,故选E 项。

Ⅲ.语法填空
(2019四川绵阳二诊)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A Shanghai policeman took on the role of son to help comfort an elderly couple,1 had lost their own son in a deadly accident.
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In 2003, Liang Qiaoying and her son 2 (expose) to poison gas during an accident. The woman survived, but her young son was 3(lucky). And Liang was left mentally disabled. Her husband, Xia Zhanhai, couldn't bear to tell her the 4(true) about their son. Instead, whenever his wife asked to see the son, he kept 5 (say) that their son had gone to work in another city.
In 2010, while watching a television show, Xia Zhanhai was amazed to see an officer that looked
6 (exact) like his son. He immediately knew that the young man was the answer to making his wife smile again.
With7 help of the television station and the police station, the couple were able to meet the very policeman on a TV show.
The young policeman was touched by8 (they) loss and sadness, and said that he was more than willing 9(act) as the son. Although he still hesitated to call another woman “Mum”, his mother was happy to support his action.
Their “reunion” lasted just a few minutes on the sh ow, but it had a lasting influence 10the sick “mother”.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
答案
[语篇解读]本文为记叙文。

文章讲述了上海一名警察扮演了儿子的角色,帮助安慰一对老夫妇
的故事。

1.who考查非限制性定语从句。

先行词为couple,指人,在非限制性定语从句中作主语,故填who。

2.were exposed考查动词的时态和语态。

描述的是过去的事,所以此处用一般过去时,且此处表
示“被暴露于……”,故填were exposed。

3.unlucky考查形容词。

根据语境,这位妇女活了下来,但是她幼小的儿子却不幸运,可知此处表
示转折,故填unlucky。

4.truth考查名词。

根据tell的常用短语tell sb. sth.及空前的the可知此处应填名词truth。

5.saying考查非谓语动词。

此处应填saying,作kept的宾语,keep doing...保持做……。

6.exactly考查副词。

此处需用副词修饰动词,故填exactly。

7.the考查冠词。

根据help后的of短语可知此处表特指,故填the。

8.their考查形容词性物主代词。

根据空后的名词loss和sadness可知填形容词性物主代词。

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9.to act考查非谓语动词。

be willing to do sth.乐意做某事,故填to act。

10.on/upon考查介词。

have an influence on/upon对……有影响,为固定搭配,故填on/upon。

21 / 21。