2022-2023学年江苏省淮安市淮安区高一(下)期中英语试卷(含详细答案解析)

2022-2023学年江苏省淮安市淮安区高一（下）期中英语试卷
一、选词填空-句子：本大题共3小题，共17分。

1.Rachel and her husband， Jason，（1）______ were both experienced climbers， were on a climbing holiday in Switzerland. When they were 3，000 metres up in the mountains， there was（2）______ storm.The wind was （3）______（extreme） strong and the snow was two metres deep.They couldn't move. Rachel had her mobile phone with her， so she sent a text message to five friends in the UK（4）______（get） their help.
About four hours later， one of her friends， Martha， responded （5）______ her with a text message.Martha said she had phoned the police in Switzerland and that they had got in touch with the mountain rescue team.
But the weather was so bad（6）______ the helicopter （直升飞机） couldn't get to the two climbers.The rescue team sent a message to Rachel，（ 7）______ say）："So sorry Rachel. We tried. Wind is too strong. Have to wait till morning. Take care. Be strong." Rachel felt （8）______（hope） and thought they were going to die as it was freezing， -15 ℃. However， Jason encouraged her， telling her not to give up.
Next morning the storm （9）______（pass） and the helicopter arrived to take them off the mountain. After the accident， they cared for each other with greater（10）______（devote）.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
2.This terrible natural disaster destroyed Pompeii completely, but it also kept the ancient city ______ it was for future ages.
3.Eyes no longer ______（fix） on our phones, we had a chance to really enjoy each other's company.
二、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。

A
What limits you from hiking more often？If not having a suitable hiking partner is keeping you out of the woods，why not take a look at the great hiking clubs across Canada？
● Yukon Outdoors Club
Membership cost：﹩10 for a single membership
Description：The club organizes day hikes，backpacking trips，canoe trips，mountain biking，and cross-country skiing trips for members to gain new skills and valuable information.The trips are open to everyone and range from easy to moderate to difficult.
● UBC Varsity Outdoor Club
Membership cost：Students ﹩40；non-UBC students ﹩60
Description：The UBC Varsity Outdoor Club is a social group that hikes and rock climbs.Members lead trips，run skills workshops，and host presentations.Members can borrow equipment from the club.The UBC VOC has also constructed a few huts in the Coast Mountains.
● Pender Harbor Hiking Group
Membership cost：Free
Description：The Pender Harbour Hiking Group offers a way for members to meet like-minded individuals and get fit.Hikes are scheduled two months in advance，so check the website regularly to find a hike that's right for
you!Hikes are usually one and a half to two hours long every Monday and Wednesday morning，but some full-day hikes are scheduled，depending on member interest.
●Vernon Outdoors Club
Membership cost：A single membership is ﹩25，and students pay ﹩10.Children are free when they come with a registered family member.
Description：The Vermon Outdoors Club is an active group that enjoys hiking and cycling.Members are encouraged to share their activity ideas and interests.The group organizes a Tuesday Activity each week.
4.Which club organizes its trips based on their members' hiking skills？______
A. The Yukon Outdoors Club.
B. The UBC Varsity Outdoor Club.
C. The Pender Harbor Hiking Group.
D. The Vernon Outdoors Club.
5.What do we know about hikes organized by the Pender Harbor Hiking Group？______
A. They are mostly held on weekends.
B. They are arranged two months ahead of time.
C. Their schedule is always emailed to the members.
D. More full-day hikes are offered than half-day hikes.
6.Mr.and Mrs.Smith，together with their two children，aged 4 and 6，intend to join the Vernon Outdoors Club，how much will they pay for the membership？______
A. ﹩70.
B. ﹩50.
C. ﹩45.
D. ﹩35.
B
Lagos，a big city in Nigeria，has a population of 20 million，and they can produce between 13，000 and 15，000 tonnes of waste every day including 2，250 tonnes of plastic.
Despite a lot of cleaning，Lagos has no proper system to dispose of rubbish，and not having public awareness of pollution brings a huge environmental challenge.Litter gets washed away by the rains and waterways and ends up in mountains of rubbish on the beaches.Light- house Beach is one of the beaches.It stretches for about 100 kilometers along the Atlantic，all the way to neighboring Benin.Lined with palm trees，the beach could be beautiful if it weren't for all the pollution.
"It is time that we should raise awareness of keeping the environment clean and clean up all the plastic，" says Chioma Chukwura，who helped pick up rubbish on Lighthouse Beach.At the end of a tiring day，230 large bin bags were put together on the hot sand，filled with dirty plastic.
"Although the job is challenging，a company will come and pick them up tomorrow.All the plastic here will get reused.Sold for 500 atonne，theplasticcouldbring250 million to Lagos each year，and a cleaner environment could promote the development of the city，" says Owoade Yussuf，organiser of the cleanup.
As the volunteers leave at the end of the day，always just 100 meters is clean. "There is still a lot to do.Maybe we need two months，continuously，to get this cleaned up，" says another volunteer. "We have to find a way to prevent the plastic from coming back.After we've finished，I'm sure we may still see litter here when we come back."
On Lighthouse Beach，the problem isn't just plastic.Destroyed ships also pollute the beach.With that kind of pollution，even an army of volunteers may struggle.However，with more help，they can still make a difference.
7.How does the author show the severity of rubbish in Lagos in paragraph 1？______
A. By listing numbers.
B. By giving examples.
C. By asking questions.
D. By making comparisons.
8.What does the underlined phrase "dispose of" mean in paragraph 2？______
A. Pick out.
B. Deal with.
C. Bring about.
D. Adapt to.
9.Which of the following is the common idea of the three volunteers？______
A. There is no need to recycle the beach litter.
B. It is tough to clean all the plastic on the beach.
C. It is necessary to sell the beach litter for money.
D. There is no fund to remove all the beach plastic.
10.What can be the best title for the text？______
A. Destroyed Lighthouse Beach in Lagos
B. Plastic Pollution is a Worldwide Problem
C. Lagos Faces Many Environmental Challenges
D. Cleanup Efforts on Lagos'Lighthouse Beach
C
The man who invented the World Wide Web a few decades ago is calling for major changes to make it better for humans.In an open letter published on Tuesday,Berners-Lee said that the web was used by half the world's population.
Berners-Lee said the web had clearly created great opportunities for humans to progress and made life easier for millions of people.Actually,it also has offered opportunities to groups who traditionally cannot hear a new voice in society.However,he added that the web had also provided new ways for cheats to carry out crimes（犯罪）. "Against the backdrop of news stories about how the web is misused,it's understand able that many people feel afraid and unsure if the web is really a force for good," he wrote.
Berners-Lee created a group called the World Wide Web Foundation.He is looking for help from governments,companies and people to become more involved in shaping the web to do more good for humans.His actual plan is called the "Contract（合同）for the Web".
Under this contract,governments are called on to take steps to make sure all people can connect to the Internet and that personal privacy is respected.Businesses are asked to keep the Internet prices low so more people can use the web.In addition,companies should respect privacy and develop technologies that aim to put people first.
The plan also calls on people to create materials for the web and work with others to make sure that there is
rich,quality information for everyone.Besides,people should seek to "build strong communities that respect personal speech and human equality." "The path to make the Internet better is the responsibility of everyone who uses it," Berners-Lee added,"making big changes will not be easy,but will be very well worth it in the end."
11.What does Berners-Lee think of the World Wide Web？______
A. It does more harm than good.
B. It stops the progress of humans.
C. It is his greatest regret.
D. It needs improving.
12.What's wrong with the web according to Berners-Lee？______
A. It is misunderstood by all people.
B. It is misused for bad purposes.
C. It blocks out a new voice in society.
D. It is expensive for half the world's population.
13.What are governments called on to do under the "Contract for the Web"？______
A. Put technology first.
B. Create materials for the web.
C. Popularize the Internet.
D. Make the Internet free of charge.
14.What should people do with the Internet in Berners-Lee's opinion？______
A. Be responsible for it.
B. Absolutely reject it.
C. Completely rely on it.
D. Be unconcerned about it.
D
Jason and his father were going to the grocery store by car to pick up some apples.It has been an unusual day.The sky was dark but there were few clouds.As they drove up the street，there started to be a rumbling （隆隆的）sound heard across the ground.
Jason's father immediately realized that a tornado （龙卷风） was coming.He stopped the car and told Jason to get out of the car and made their way to the closest building.By this time the wind was blowing harder，and it was hard to see or hear.Debris （残骸） was falling all over the place.Jason couldn't see his dad anymore.He also realized that he wasn't getting to the building fast enough.He was afraid that he would be picked up by the wind and thrown into the air.
As he made his way towards the building，he noticed a field to his right.He could see an irrigation ditch （灌溉渠）.In a panic，he scrambled （爬） to the ditch and lay flat on the ground.More debris and objects flew
overhead.
His heart was beating hard，and he was nervous.He had never been in a tornado before.After a while，the winds died down and the loud roaring sound was gone.Jason slowly lifted his head and nervously looked around.What he saw was a great mess.Jason could hardly recognize the buildings in front of him because of all the damage.
He stood up and with shaky legs walked to the building.Once there，he pushed the door open and went inside.It was a public building owned by the city.It was empty，but Jason could hear noises further inside.He walked into the large room and saw his dad.He ran across the room and gave him a big hug.
"Jason!How are you？I've been worried about you!" said his father. "I couldn't find you anywhere!"
Jason breathed a sigh of relief and sat down.He did have a story to tell!
15.What is the function of paragraph 1？______
A. It tells the main idea of the story.
B. It presents the author's viewpoint.
C. It offers the background of the story.
D. It indicates bad moods of the main characters.
16.Which of the following can best show the tornado was powerful？______
A. Jason tried to see and hear his father.
B. The sky was dark but there were few clouds.
C. Looking around，Jason found everything in a mess.
D. Jason made his way to the closest building in the end.
17.Which of the following is the right order according to the passage？______
a.Jason nervously looked around from the irrigation ditch.
b.Jason ran across the room and gave his father a big hug.
c.The winds died down and the loud roaring sound was gone.
d.Jason found it hard to get to the nearest building fast enough.
e.Jason and his father were going to the grocery to pick up some apples.
A. edacb
B. edcab
C. dacbe
D. dcabe
18.What story might Jason tell to his father？______
A. It was a narrow escape.
B. It was an exciting adventure.
C. It was a rewarding experience.
D. It was an unforgettable lesson.
三、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。

Floods are one of the most common disasters in the US.Some floods develop slowly.But flash floods（暴洪） can develop quickly,sometimes in just a few minutes and without any signs of rain.
(19).It carries rocks and can sweep away most things in its path.
1 If a flood is likely in your area,you should：Listen to the radio or watch television for information.If there is any possibility of a flash flood,move at once to higher ground. (20).
2 If you have time to prepare,you should：Make your home safe by bringing in outdoor furniture. (21) .Do not touch any electrical equipment if you are wet or standing in water.
3 If you have to leave your home right away,remember these tips：
▪ Do not walk through moving water. (22).If you have to walk in water,walk where the water is not e a stick to check the ground in front of you.
▪(23).If floodwaters rise around your car,give up the car and move to higher ground if you can do so
safely.Otherwise you and the car can be quickly swept away.
A.Do not drive into flooded areas.
B.Do not wait for instructions to move.
C.Turn off all pieces of electrical equipment.
D.20 cm of moving water can make you fall.
E.Floods can cause death and loss of treasures.
F.Flash floods often have a dangerous wall of water.
G.Mud left from floodwaters can contain chemicals.
19.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F
G. G
20.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F
G. G
21.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F
G. G
22.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F
G. G
23.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F
G. G
四、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。

I dreamed of being a scientist at 6.However，I decided at 10 that I was going to be a teacher because I had a strong （1）______ for superpowers.As a boy，I could clearly see some of my teachers who had extraordinary （非凡的） powers.
There was an English teacher who could magically （2）______ her creative ideas to teaching.She helped us get a better understanding of the words by telling us stories and reading to us from books we would otherwise never pick up.It was even （3）______ that my teacher could see something invisible （看不见的）.I was one of those who were shy to express my thoughts.Yet my teacher would notice me and the （4）______ message in her eyes suggested that she could （5）______ my mind.She had another superpower and she had a good knowledge of arts.She managed to improve our understanding of arts （6）______ her major was not art.Her lessons went （7）______ the textbook.I wanted to be one of those teachers with superpowers that made children feel safe and （8）______ .
Being a teacher isn't the easiest or the most （9）______ rewarding （有回报的） job.And there are even some risks — your knees can become worn out from years of carrying piles of notebooks up and down the school staircase，and your （10）______ can be impacted from too much talking.But （11）______ all that，there are those choosing to be teachers.To them，teaching is not just a job — it is a science，an art and it （12）______ love and devotion.
For three decades now，I've gone to work early every day with energy.Sometimes，my （13）______ students come to visit me.Their obvious love for me and unforgettable （14）______ of our time together are my rewards （回报）.When I meet others who dream of having superpowers，I feel proud to （15）______ to the same group.
24.A. desire B. challenge C. plan D. awareness
25.A. devote B. donate C. add D. apply
26.A. deadly B. amazing C. scary D. disappointing
27.A. unspoken B. unforgotten C. unwritten D. uncertain
28.A. look B. feel C. indicate D. read
29.A. as if B. in case C. even if D. so that
30.A. over B. beyond C. through D. around
31.A. ignored B. free C. valued D. relieved
32.A. economically B. physically C. mentally D. entirely
33.A. hearing B. voice C. sense D. mood
34.A. among B. except C. besides D. despite
35.A. expresses B. creates C. needs D. determines
36.A. former B. intelligent C. excellent D. lovely
37.A. lessons B. chances C. dreams D. memories
38.A. turn B. belong C. return D. refer
五、单句语法填空：本大题共5小题，共5分。

39.Alice Brown，head teacher at Falmont Primary School，______（ teach） when the floor began to shake. （所给词的适当形式填空）
40.Goldshore Beach was the only local beach ______（survive） the disaster without any loss of life.
41.As with any great invention，we must be aware of these problems and be careful to use the Internet properly and ______（responsible）.（所给词的适当形式填空）
42.When they failed to produce any promising results，Tu ______（ refer） to the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine again.
43.Perhaps the next generation of scientists，drawing on the wisdom of traditional Chinese medicine，will indeed discover more medicines ______（benefit） to global health care.
六、单词拼写-单句：本大题共3小题，共3分。

44.______ immediately occurred to her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami. （用适当的词填空）
45.______ a certain extent，the world's knowledge is all at our fingertips.（用适当的词填空）
46.Then the day came ______ I finally realized I had to make a change.
七、阅读填空：本大题共1小题，共5分。

47.When you think of a fearsome hunter，images of lions and sharks may s（1）______ to mind.Recent research by e（2）______ scientists，however，shows that in fact，humans are the most fearsome hunters（3）______ have the greatest impact on animal populations.Human activities have brought many animals close to e（4）
______ .In the last 500 years，over 300 species of animals have gone extinct.Some activities，such as hunting and fishing，directly harm animals，while other activities，such as development in towns and cities，impact i（5）______ on animal populations.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
八、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共25分。

48.
答案和解析
1.【答案】【小题1】who
【小题2】a
【小题3】extremely
【小题4】to get
【小题5】to
【小题6】that
【小题7】saying
【小题8】hopeless
【小题9】passed
【小题10】devotion
【解析】1．who，考查定语从句，先行词为人，在非限制性定语从句中关系词用who或whom，但whom 不能作主语，此处作主语，用who．
2．a，考查冠词，storm为可数名词，并且第一次出现，用a，表示"一场"．
3．extremely，考查副词，修饰形容词，应该用副词．
4．to get，考查不定式，此处表达目的状语，所以用不定式．
5．to，考查介词，respond to"对…做出反应"．
6．that，考查连词，"so…that如此…以至于"．
7．saying，考查现在分词，say和the rescue team之间是主动关系．此处作伴随状语，用现在分词．8．hopeless，考查形容词，根据前后文，"要等到早晨，认为他们会死掉"应该用"绝望的"．9．passed，考查一般过去时态，本是对过去事情的描述，所以用一般过去时态．
10．devotion，考查名词，前面有介词和形容词，所以用名词．
考查语法填空，文章大意：本文讲述了一对夫妇登山遭遇暴风雨，他们发出信号求救，最后获救．
本题主要考查了用单词或短语的适当形式填空．做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识．本题考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等．因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识．
2.【答案】as
【解析】答案：as.as it was事实上，是固定搭配。

故填：as.
这场可怕的自然灾害彻底摧毁了庞贝城，但也为后世保存了这座古城的原貌。

考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

3.【答案】fixed
【解析】答案：fixed. 所给词fix的意思是"集中（目光、注意力、思想等）于"，其宾语通常是
eyes,minds,attention等；本句中谓语动词是had,Eyes no longer ___（ fix） on our phones这一部分为独立主格结构，eyes与fix之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词形式，故填fixed.
眼睛不再盯着我们的手机，我们有机会真正享受彼此的陪伴。

做单词填空题，首先要弄清所给句子的意思，分析句子结构确定空白处所需的词性，结合语境做出合乎语法和惯用法的词形变化，最后填写拼写正确的单词。

4~6.【答案】A、B、B
【解析】（1）A.推理判断题。

根据Yukon Outdoors Club部分The dub organizes day hikes，backpacking trips，canoe trips，mountain biking，and cross-country sking trips for members to gain new skills and valuable information.The trips are open to everyone and range from easy to moderate to ifcult.
俱乐部为会员组织日间远足、背包旅行、独木舟旅行、山地自行车和越野滑雪旅行以获得新的技能和有价值的信息。

旅行对每个人都是开放的，范围从容易到中等到困难。

可知，Yukon Outdoors Club基于会员的远足技能组织旅行，故选A。

（2）B.细节理解题。

根据Pender Harbor Hiking Group部分Hikes are scheduled two months in advance，so check the website regularly to find a hike that's right for you!
徒步旅行的日期两个月前就制定好了，所以定期检查网站，找到一个适合你的徒步旅行。

可知，该俱乐部的徒步旅行日程提前两个月就制定好了。

故选B。

（3）B.数字计算题。

根据Vernon Outdoors Club部分Membership cost：A single membership is ＄25，and students pay ＄10.Children are free when they come with a registered family member.
会费：单人25美元，学生10美元，在一个家庭成员带领下的孩子免费。

可知，史密斯先生和夫人带两个孩子的费用是，两个孩子免费，因此费用是＄25*2=＄50。

故选B。

本文是一篇广告布告类阅读，介绍了四个可以提供徒步旅行的加拿大的俱乐部。

包括它们的网址、会费和特色活动。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

7~10.【答案】A、B、B、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。

根据第一段Lagos，a big city in Nigeria，has a population of 20 million，and they can produce between 13，000 and 15，000 tonnes of waste every day including 2，250 tonnes of plastic.（拉各斯是尼日利亚的一个大城市，拥有2000万人口，每天产生1.3万至1.5万吨垃圾，其中包括2250吨塑料。

）可知，作者通过列举数据来呈现拉各斯垃圾污染的严重性。

故选A。

（2）词义推测题。

根据下文Litter gets washed away by the rains and waterways and ends up in mountains of rubbish on the beaches.（垃圾被雨水和水道冲走，最终在海滩上堆积成山。

）可知，垃圾未能得到恰当的处理，结合划线词所在句Lagos has no proper system to dispose of rubbish （拉各斯没有适当的系统dispose of 垃圾）可推知，划线短语dispose of的意思是"处理"，A．Pick out挑出；B．Deal with处理；
C．Bring about带来；D．Adapt to适应。

故选B。

（3）细节理解题。

根据第三段"It is time that we should raise awareness of keeping the environment clean and clean up all the plastic，"says Chioma Chukwura，who helped pick up rubbish on Lighthouse Beach.At the end of a tiring day，230 large bin bags were put together on the hot sand，filled with dirty plastic.（在灯塔海滩帮忙捡垃圾的Chioma Chukwura说："我们是时候提高保持环境清洁的意识，清理所有塑料了。

"在疲惫的一天结束后，230个大垃圾袋被放在热沙上，里面装满了脏塑料。

）第四段 "Although the job is challenging，a company will come and pick them up tomorrow.All the plastic here will get reused.Sold for ＄500 a tonne，the plastic could bring ＄250 million to Lagos each year，and a cleaner environment could promote the development of the city，"says Owoade Yussuf，organiser of the cleanup.（"虽然这份工作很有挑战性，但明天就会有公司来录用他们。

这里所有的塑料都会被重复利用。

每吨塑料的售价为500美元，每年可以为拉各斯带来2.5亿美元的收入，更清洁的环境可以促进城市的发展，"清理活动的组织者Owoade Yussuf说。

）和第五段"There is still a lot to do.Maybe we need two months，continuously，to get this cleaned up，"says another volunteer. "We have to find a way to prevent the plastic from coming back.After we've finished，I'm sure we may still see litter here when we come back."（"还有很多事情要做。

也许我们需要持续两个月的时间来清理干净，"另一名志愿者说。

"我们必须找到一种方法来防止塑料卷土重来。

等我们结束了，我相信我们回来的时候还能在这里看到垃圾。

"）中三名志愿者说的话可知，他们都认为清理灯塔海滩上所有的塑料垃圾很困难。

故选B。

（4）标题归纳题。

通读全文可知，尼日利亚拉各斯的灯塔海滩上每年都会堆积很多塑料垃圾，志愿者们开始采取行动来清理这些垃圾。

所以D选项"拉各斯灯塔海滩的清理工作"符合文章主旨，适合做标题，故
选D。

本文是一篇新闻报道。

文章报道了尼日利亚拉各斯的灯塔海滩上每年都会堆积很多塑料垃圾，志愿者们开始采取行动来清理这些垃圾。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。

考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

11~14.【答案】D、B、C、A
【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。

根据文章第一段第一句内容The man who invented the World Wide Web a few decades ago is caling for majorchanges to make it better for humans.
（几十年前发明了万维网的人呼吁进行重大变革，让万维网更好地造福人类）可知，伯纳斯-李认为万维网需要进行改进提升。

故选D项。

（2）B.细节理解题。

根据文章第二段最后一句内容However,he added that the web had also provided new ways for cheats to commitcrimes （犯罪）.不过他补充称，网络骗子也提供了新的途径犯罪）可知，伯纳斯李认为万维网被用于不好的目的。

故选B项。

（3）C.细节理解题。

根据文章第五段第一句内容Under this contract,governments are called on to take steps to make sure all peoplecan connect to the Internet and that personal privacy is
respected. （根据这项协议，各国政府应采取措施，确保所有人都能接入互联网，个人隐私得到尊重）可知，政府所要做的就是普及互联网，使个人隐私得到尊重。

故选C项。

（4）A.推理判断题。

根据文章最后一段最后一句内容The path to make the Internet better is the responsibility of everyone who usesit," Bermers-Lee added, "Making big changes will not be easy,but will be very well worth it in the end.（"让互联网变得更好的道路是每个使用它的人的责任， "Bermers-Lee补充说，"做出大的改变并不容易，但最终将是非常值得的。

）可知，在伯纳斯李看来，人们应该对互联网负责。

故选A项。

本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。

文章主要介绍了在互联网发明30年之际，互联网创始人Berners-Lee呼吁大家对互联网进行改革，使其真正造福人类。

1．直接信息题：
直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。

2．间接信息题：
间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。

3．综合信息题：
综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

15~18.【答案】C、C、B、A
【解析】（1）段落大意题。

根据第一段Jason and his father were going to the grocery store by car to pick up some apples.It has been an unusual day.The sky was dark but there were few clouds.As they drove up the street，there started to be a rumbling （隆隆的） sound heard across the ground.（杰森和他的父亲开车去杂货店买一些苹果。

这是不寻常的一天。

天空很黑，但很少有云。

当他们沿着街道行驶时，地面上开始传来隆隆声。

）可知，本段主要介绍了故事发生的背景。

故选C。

（2）细节理解题。

根据第二段中By this time the wind was blowing harder，
and it was hard to see or hear.Debris （残
骸） was falling all over the place.Jason couldn't see his dad anymore. （这时风刮得更大了，看不见也听不见。

残骸到处都是。

杰森再也见不到他爸爸了。

）第三段中More debris and objects flew overhead.（更多的碎片和物体从头顶飞过。

）第四段中What he saw was a great mess.（他所看到的是一片狼藉。

）可知，环顾四周，杰森发现一切都一团糟，说明了龙卷风的强大威力。

故选C。

（3）细节理解题。

根据第一段中
Jason and his father were going to the grocery store by car to pick up some apples.It has been an unusual day.The s ky was dark but there were few clouds. （杰森和他的父亲开车去杂货店买一些苹果。

这是不寻常的一天。

天空很黑）第二段中By this time the wind was blowing harder，and it was hard to see or hear.Debris （残
骸） was falling all over the place.Jason couldn't see his dad anymore.He also realized that he wasn't getting to the building fast enough. （这时风刮得更大了，看不见也听不见。

残骸到处都是。

杰森再也见不到他爸爸了。

他也意识到他到达大楼的速度不够快。

）第四段中After a while，
the winds died down and the loud roaring sound was gone.（过了一会儿，风停了，响亮的咆哮声也消失了。

）第四段中Jason slowly lifted his head and nervously looked around. （杰森慢慢抬起头，紧张地环顾四周。

）发生在龙卷风结束后。

倒数第三段It was empty，
but Jason could hear noises further inside.He walked into the large room and saw his dad.He ran across the room an d gave him a big hug.（里面是空的，但杰森能听到里面的声音。

他走进大房间，看到了他的爸爸。

他穿过房间，给了他一个大大的拥抱。

）可知事情发展的顺序是edcab。

故选B。

（4）推理判断题。

通读全文可知，文章讲述了杰森和爸爸躲过一场突然而至的龙卷风的故事，杰森通过自我保护，在一处灌溉渠里，他平躺在地上躲过了灾难；与此同时，父亲在一所损毁的公共建筑里躲过了
龙卷风。

经过寻找，杰森最终和父亲团聚。

根据最后一段中"He did have a story to tell!"（他确实有故事要讲给父亲!）可推知，这里杰森要讲给父亲的故事应是他如何在龙卷风中死里逃生。

故选A。

本文是一篇记叙文。

文章讲述了杰森和爸爸平安地躲过一场龙卷风的故事。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

19~23.【答案】F、B、C、D、A
【解析】（1）F.推理判断题。

根据空后"It carries rocks and can sweep away most things in its path. "它携带着岩石，可以摧毁路上的大部分东西。

可知，暴洪很危险。

所以
"F.Flash floods often have a dangerous wall of water."暴洪往往有一堵危险的水墙。

"符合语境，故选F。

（2）B.推理判断题。

根据空前"move at once to higher ground"可知，要立即移到高处。

B.Do not wait for instructions to move."不要等着移动的指令。

"符合语境，故选B。

（3）C.推理判断题。

根据空后"Do not touch any electrical equipment if you are wet or standing in water."如果你是湿的或站在水里，不要触摸任何电器。

所以"C.Turn off all pieces of electrical equipment."关掉所有的电力设备。

"符合语境，故选C。

（4）D.推理判断题。

根据空前"Do not walk through moving water."可知，不要在流动的水中行走。

由此可知在水里行走是很危险的，所以"D.20 cm of moving water can make you fall.20厘米深的流动的水就能让你跌倒。

"符合语境。

故选D。

（5）A.细节理解题。

根据空后"If floodwaters rise around your car,give up the car and move to higher ground"如果洪水在你的车周围上涨，放弃你的车，移动到更高的地方。

由此可知，所以
"A.Do not drive into flooded areas.不要开车去洪水区。

"符合语境。

故选A。

本文是一篇说明文，介绍了洪水到来时我们应该采取的措施。

"七选五"这样的题型，主要目的在于考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。

解题时最主要的两个步骤就是1．理清文章的逻辑和结构，2．在所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词。

文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项，关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节，排除相近的选项。

得出正确的答案。

24~38.【答案】A、D、B、A、D、C、B、C、A、B、D、C、A、D、B
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。

A.desire渴望；B.challenge挑战；C.plan计划；D.awareness觉悟，意识。

句意：然而，在我10岁的时候，我决定要成为一名教师，因为我对超能力有强烈的渴望。

根据下文"for superpowers.As a boy，I could clearly see some of my teachers who had extraordinary （非凡的） powers."。