可倾瓦轴承全尺寸试验及润滑与振动性能研究
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2017.№4
大 电 机及润滑与振动性能研究
张 帆 1，王 祥 1，官永胜 2，袁小阳 1 （1. 西安交通大学现代设计及转子轴承系统教育部重点实验室，西安 710049； 2. 东方电机股份有限公司，四川 德阳 618000）
[摘 要] 针对某在役百万千瓦级核能发电机用可倾瓦轴承瓦温过高的问题，给出了优化的轴承结构参数，并对 两个不同参数的全尺寸三瓦可倾瓦轴承在动平衡试验机上同时进行了瓦块温度、油膜厚度、瓦块摆角等润滑性能 及轴系振动性能试验，提出了基于瓦块自适应摆动特性的油膜厚度测试方法和瓦块摆角识别方法。结果表明：1号 轴承相比2号轴承具有更好的润滑性能；利用瓦块随转子自适应摆动特性识别的油膜厚度相比理论结果具有较高的 识别精度，同时依据试验膜厚信息识别的瓦块摆角相比理论结果具有较好的一致性；在振动性能方面，依据转子 振动数据识别了转子的一阶临界转速及临界时轴承的综合刚度kX、kY，其与理论综合刚度keq相比平均误差约50%。 [关键词] 可倾瓦轴承；发电机；油膜厚度；瓦块摆角；振动特性；转子 [中图分类号] TM623.3 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1000-3983(2017)04-0023-06
0
前言
随着汽轮机、发电机、燃机等装备向着重载、大
尺寸和载荷也越来越大，这对轴承的性能和可靠性以 及转子系统的稳定性提出了更高的要求。可倾瓦滑动 轴承由于其“天然”稳定的特性常被应用在发电机和汽 轮机等转子系统中。 轴承瓦温、油膜厚度和刚度阻尼等是轴承设计和 服役的重要参数，理论和试验联立是轴承研究和设计
Experimental Study of Full-Size Tilting-Pad Bearings and Research of the Lubrication and Vibration Performance ZHANG Fan1, WANG Xiang1, GUAN Yongsheng2, YUAN Xiaoyang1 (1. Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Modern Design and Rotor-Bearing System, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; 2. Dongfang Electric Machinery Company Limited, Deyang 618000, China) Abstract: For the failure damage of local melting caused by high temperature rise of a tilting-pad journal bearing, which is used to support an in-service megawatt nuclear power generator, the structural parameters of the bearing were redesigned, and an experimental study was performed to investigate the lubrication performances of pad temperatures, film thicknesses, pad tilting angle and the rotor-bearing system vibration performance of the redesigned bearing and the in-service bearing on a dynamic balancing machine. While, an oil-film thickness test method based on self-adaptive wobble characteristic of the main-pad and a pad tilting angle recognition method are performed. The results show that the No.1 bearing has better lubrication performances than No.2 bearing, the tested film thicknesses of the two bearings based on self-adaptive wobble characteristic of the main-pads have a high recognition accuracy compared with the theoretical results, and the pad tilting angle of No.1 bearing recognized by the tested film thickness information has a good agreement with the theoretical results. In the vibration performance, the first order critical speed and the integrated stiffness kX and kY at the critical speed were calculated from the vibration data, and the average error of the test stiffness is 50% to the theoretical integrated stiffness keq. Key words: tilting-pad bearing; generator; oil-film thickness; pad tilting angle; vibration characteristics; rotor
大 电 机及润滑与振动性能研究
张 帆 1，王 祥 1，官永胜 2，袁小阳 1 （1. 西安交通大学现代设计及转子轴承系统教育部重点实验室，西安 710049； 2. 东方电机股份有限公司，四川 德阳 618000）
[摘 要] 针对某在役百万千瓦级核能发电机用可倾瓦轴承瓦温过高的问题，给出了优化的轴承结构参数，并对 两个不同参数的全尺寸三瓦可倾瓦轴承在动平衡试验机上同时进行了瓦块温度、油膜厚度、瓦块摆角等润滑性能 及轴系振动性能试验，提出了基于瓦块自适应摆动特性的油膜厚度测试方法和瓦块摆角识别方法。结果表明：1号 轴承相比2号轴承具有更好的润滑性能；利用瓦块随转子自适应摆动特性识别的油膜厚度相比理论结果具有较高的 识别精度，同时依据试验膜厚信息识别的瓦块摆角相比理论结果具有较好的一致性；在振动性能方面，依据转子 振动数据识别了转子的一阶临界转速及临界时轴承的综合刚度kX、kY，其与理论综合刚度keq相比平均误差约50%。 [关键词] 可倾瓦轴承；发电机；油膜厚度；瓦块摆角；振动特性；转子 [中图分类号] TM623.3 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1000-3983(2017)04-0023-06
0
前言
随着汽轮机、发电机、燃机等装备向着重载、大
尺寸和载荷也越来越大，这对轴承的性能和可靠性以 及转子系统的稳定性提出了更高的要求。可倾瓦滑动 轴承由于其“天然”稳定的特性常被应用在发电机和汽 轮机等转子系统中。 轴承瓦温、油膜厚度和刚度阻尼等是轴承设计和 服役的重要参数，理论和试验联立是轴承研究和设计
Experimental Study of Full-Size Tilting-Pad Bearings and Research of the Lubrication and Vibration Performance ZHANG Fan1, WANG Xiang1, GUAN Yongsheng2, YUAN Xiaoyang1 (1. Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Modern Design and Rotor-Bearing System, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; 2. Dongfang Electric Machinery Company Limited, Deyang 618000, China) Abstract: For the failure damage of local melting caused by high temperature rise of a tilting-pad journal bearing, which is used to support an in-service megawatt nuclear power generator, the structural parameters of the bearing were redesigned, and an experimental study was performed to investigate the lubrication performances of pad temperatures, film thicknesses, pad tilting angle and the rotor-bearing system vibration performance of the redesigned bearing and the in-service bearing on a dynamic balancing machine. While, an oil-film thickness test method based on self-adaptive wobble characteristic of the main-pad and a pad tilting angle recognition method are performed. The results show that the No.1 bearing has better lubrication performances than No.2 bearing, the tested film thicknesses of the two bearings based on self-adaptive wobble characteristic of the main-pads have a high recognition accuracy compared with the theoretical results, and the pad tilting angle of No.1 bearing recognized by the tested film thickness information has a good agreement with the theoretical results. In the vibration performance, the first order critical speed and the integrated stiffness kX and kY at the critical speed were calculated from the vibration data, and the average error of the test stiffness is 50% to the theoretical integrated stiffness keq. Key words: tilting-pad bearing; generator; oil-film thickness; pad tilting angle; vibration characteristics; rotor