高中英语 unit13 lessons1-2 grammar-过去分词用法小结讲练 北师版必修5

过去分词用法小结
★过去分词作定语
【语境展示】观察下面句子中过去分词的用法，然后加以归纳。

1. a. Her job was to take care of the wounded soldier.
b. The experience gained will be of great value to us.
c. Suddenly there appeared a young woman dressed in green.
2. a. He himself took all the letters written (that he had written) to the post.
b. We must keep a secret of the things being discussed (which are being discussed) here.
【自我归纳】
●过去分词作定语时，分词所表示的动作与被修饰词之间存在逻辑上的________关系，且多表示已完成的动作。

●单个的过去分词作定语，通常置于被修饰词之前，也可后置；过去分词短语作定语时，通常置于被修饰词之后。

●过去分词作定语时，可转换为________从句。

★过去分词作表语
【语境展示】观察下面句子中过去分词的用法，然后加以归纳。

1. a. I’m convinced that what you said is quite right.
b. She felt confused, even frightened.
2. a. Julia looked worried when she got the news.
b. They seemed quite delighted at the suggestion.
c. I first became interested in it while I was doing my nursing training.
【自我归纳】
●过去分词作表语时，相当于形容词，与谓语动词构成系表结构，表示主语的性质、特征和状态。

●除系动词be和________之外，look, seem, become等连系动词也可接过去分词作表语。

★过去分词作宾语补足语
【归纳】过去分词作宾语补足语时，分词所表示的动作与宾语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。

常用于以下情况：
●用在see, hear, watch, find, feel, think等表示感觉和心理状态的动词后面。

如：She heard the windows beaten by the rain drops.
We found the church rebuilt.
●用在get, have, make, keep等表示“致使”意义的动词后面。

如：
You must make yourself respected.
Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open.
●用在like, order, want, wish等表示“希望、要求、命令”等意义的动词后面。

如：She didn’t want her daughter taken out after dark.
We all wished the problem settled.
●用在“with +宾语+宾补”结构中。

如：
All afternoon he worked with the door locked.
★过去分词作状语
【语境展示】观察下面句子中过去分词的用法，然后加以归纳。

1. a. Seen from here, the park looks more beautiful.
b. Weakened by storms, the bridge was no longer safe.
c. The vase fell down to the ground, broken.
d. Given better attention, the flowers could grow even faster.
e. Explained a hundred times, he still can’t understand it.
f. Supported by the nurse, the patient got off the bed.
g. The boy came in, followed by his parents.
2. a. When given an interview, you should keep calm.
b. The couple took good care of the baby while occupied by their work.
c. Although built thirty years ago, the house looks very beautiful.
d. He will come if asked.
e. They would never do this unless treated fairly.
f. He started as if awakened from a dream.
【自我归纳】
●过去分词作状语时，可表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随等，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系。

●过去分词作状语时，可以在其前加when, while, although, if, unless, as if等连词，构成“________”结构。

【即学即练】
I. 用括号内动词的正确形式填空。

I’m thinking of a well-known city in Europe. The Rhine River 1. ________ (run) through the center of the city is an important commercial(商业的) waterway. It flows north through the city to the English Channel which is an arm of the Atlantic Ocean.
The island 2. ________ (name) Ile de la Cité and 3. _________ (locate) in the oldest part of the city has a beautiful Gothic cathedral (哥特式大教堂) —“Our Lady”.The Louvre, 4. ________ (consider) to be one of the world’s largest museums, is also a historic monument. By now, I won’t be 5. ________ (surprise) that you know the city I am thinking of is Paris.
II. 写出下面谚语中划线部分在句中所作的成分，并翻译句子。

1. A burnt child dreads the fire. ( )
_______________________________________________________
2. A man becomes learned by asking questions. ( )
_______________________________________________________
3. A penny saved is a penny earned. ( )
_______________________________________________________
4. United, we stand; divided, we fall. ( )
_______________________________________________________
5. Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open. ( )
_______________________________________________________
III. 用过去分词或“连词+过去分词”改写下面句子。

1. When Amy was asked who she was, she said she was Dick’s friend.
_______________________________________________________
2. As they were pleased with my work, they made me general manager.
_______________________________________________________
3. Suddenly there appeared a young woman who is dressed in green.
_______________________________________________________
4. The concert which was given by the band was a great success.
_______________________________________________________
5. As I was greatly interested in the song, I asked Sally to sing it again. _______________________________________________________
6. The writer wrote his greatest novel while he was working on a ship.
_______________________________________________________
IV. 将下面句子中的划线部分改为定语从句或状语从句。

1. When offered help, one often says “Thank you” or “It’s kind of you”. _______________________________________________________
2. Moved by his honesty, we agreed to his suggestion.
_______________________________________________________
3. They’re problems left over by history.
_______________________________________________________
4. We’ve already reached the goal set out in the program.
_________________________________________________________
参考答案
过去分词作定语【自我归纳】动宾；定语
过去分词作表语【自我归纳】feel
过去分词作状语【自我归纳】连词+过去分词
I. 1. running 2. named 3. located 4. considered 5. surprised
II. 1.（前置）定语；一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。

2. 表语；善问者终成学问。

3.（后置）定语；省一文等于挣一文。

4. 状语；团结则存，分裂则亡。

5. 宾语补足语；少说多看。

III. 1. Asked / When asked who she was, Amy said she was Dick’s friend.
2. Pleased with my work, they made me general manager.
3. Suddenly there appeared a young woman dressed in green.
4. The concert given by the band was a great success.
5. Greatly interested in the song, I asked Sally to sing it again.
6. The writer wrote his greatest novel while working on a ship.
IV. 1. When one is offered help
2. As / Because we were moved by his honesty
3. that / which have been left over by history
4. that / which was set out in the program。