2020届高考英语二轮复习题型精准练：阅读理解(主旨大意题)

2020届高考英语二轮复习题型精准练 4 -阅读理解（主旨大意题）
1、Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by
hunter-gatherers,small, tightly knit (联系)groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other.Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.
Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education,especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europehas only around
200 languages; the Americas about1,000; Africa 2 400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数)of
languages are spoken by fewer people speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world’ｓ
than that.
Already well over 400 of the total of, 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining
speakers),Chiapaneco in Mexico(150), Lipan Apache in the United States(two or three)or Wadjigu
in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.
1.What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?
A.They developed very fast.
B.They were large in number.
C.They had similar patterns .
D.They were closely connected.
ined in paragraph 2?
2.Which of the following best explains “dominant” underl
plex .
B.Advanced.
C.Powerful .
D.Modern.
3.How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?
A.About 6,800
B.About 3,400
C.About 2,400
D.About 1,200
4.What is the main idea of the text?
A.New languages will be created.
B.People's lifestyles are reflected in languages.
C.Human development results in fewer languages.
D.Geography determines language evolution.
2、Would you buy a car that released calming smells into the air when you are stuck in heavy traffic? Would you buy a robot that smells like a human being?
Many people have seen the 3-D computer-made environments of virtual (虚拟的）reality
(VR). Now these virtual worlds will not just look and sound real. Researchers have created VR
environments that even smell like the real things. With the new technology，users open a virtual
door and step into a new environment, like a rainforest. After they enter this virtual world, special
equipment releases forest-like smells into the air to make the experience seem more real.
Suzanne Fisher-Murray said "It is a really wonderful experience that you have because you
reexploring this environment and you have smells with it."
In the United States, Smell-O-Vision was designed to provide smells during the showing of
a movie. The Smell-O-Vision system was once popular in the 1960s. Now, Emanuela Maggioni
says it is close to becoming popular again, "People will be impressed by the connection with
emotions，memories，and …the sense of smell，" Maggioni said. "It is unbelievable what we can
do with technology."
The uses for smell technology are not just limited to films and the performing arts.
Researchers showed a computer program where users could imagine themselves driving a car. The
system included a special smell-spraying machine. Dmitrijs Dmitrenko said，"We want to deliver
the smell of lavender (薫衣草）every time the person drives over the speed limit. We choose
lavender because it’s a very calming smell. "
Scientists are experimenting with smell instead of sounds or image-based alerts on
telecommunications equipment. And businesses are already using smell to influence people’behavior. "Not only…in stores…But on the other side，you can create and stimulate (刺激）
immediate buying, " Maggioni said "So you’re in a library and you smell coffee and actually you
are unconsciously having the need to drink a coffee. "
1. Using smell technology, researchers make VR environments .
A. have a smell of a rainforest
B. even smell like real ones
C. look like a 4-D environment
D. impress people with a virtual world
2. The example of Snell-O-Vision proves that .
A. America is the first to use smell technology
B. cinemas are the most suitable for smell sense
C. smell technology has been tried before
D. it was out of date to use smell-spraying devices
3. How is smell technology used by businessmen?
A. To make buyers understand salesmen better.
B. To remind people of their unrealistic buying.
C. To help customers choose their favorite goods.
D. To encourage people to buy something suddenly.
4. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The developments of smell technology.
B. A major breakthrough of smell technology.
C. The sense of smell in human communication.
D. The advanced smell-spraying machines.
3、For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative.
"It's no secret that China has always been a source(来源)of inspiration for designers," says Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A+E Networks, a global media company and home to some
of the biggest fashion(时尚)shows.
Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics(美学)on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.
"China is impossible to overlook," says Hill. "Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion —they are central to its movement. "Of course, only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China-some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese." Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galiano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs-and beating them hands down in design and sales," adds Hil.
For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion. "The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers," she says. "China is no longer just another market; in many senses it has become the market. If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about China-its influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways."
1.What can we learn about the exhibition in New York?
A. It promoted the sales of artworks.
B. It attracted a large number of visitors.
C. It showed ancient Chinese clothes.
D. It aimed to introduce Chinese models.
2.What does Hill say about Chinese women?
A. They are setting the fashion.
B. They start many fashion campaigns.
C. They admire super models.
D. They do business all over the world.
3.What do the underlined words "taking on" in paragraph 4 mean?
A. learning from
B. looking down on
C. working with
D. competing against
4.What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Young Models Selling Dreams to the World
B.A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New York
C. Differences Between Eastern and Western Aesthetics
D. Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends
4、Sometimes，you just can’t help it; maybe you’re watching a sad movie, or thinking about the friend who moved away. Next thing you know, you feel pressure in your throat, your eyes are watering，and you have tears running down your cheeks.
According to Ad Vingerhoets. a professor of psychology at Tilburg University，in the Netherlands, who is one of the few scientists in the world who have studied crying, there are three types of tears. Basal tears are the first type. They act as a protective barrier between the eyes and the rest of the world Next are reflex tears. They wash your eyes clean when something gets in them. Finally，there are emotional tears. “These are released in response to emotional states，”explains Vingerhoets.
Scientists believe crying has something to do with how humans developed and learned to depend on each other. “Humans are very complex social creatures，” says Lauren Bylsma，a
professor at the University of Pittsburgh, in Pennsylvania. “It seems that tears serve to arouse
help and support from others she says.
Vingerhoets agrees. “I think that the reason why humans shed tears has something to do
that’s the time when we are still dependent on adults for love and
with our childhood,”　
he say, “
protection and care. The major advantage of emotional tears is that you can target them at a
specific person.”Vingerhoets says this ability could have come in handy in prehistoric times，when humans were living among dangerous animals. Tears were a safer way to get attention. “In this case，it is better to use a silent signal to ask for help, ”he says.
Vingerhoets and Byhma do frequent studies to better understand why humans cry.
According to Byhma. there is still much more to discover. “It’s surprising, ”she says，“how much we still don’t know.”
1. In the scientist’s opinion, crying is.
A. a sign of human evolution
B. a result of human kindness
C. a cause of personal growth
D. a means of relying on each other
2. The underlined phrase “this ability” in the last paragraph refers to the ability
to .
A. aim tears at someone
B. seek help wisely
C. cry emotionally
D. appeal to other people
3. From the passage, we learn that Ad Vingerhoets and Lauren Bylsma .
A. hold different opinions about the causes of tears
B. think positively of the effects of tears
C. are working together to study tears
D. have learned enough about tears
4. What can be a suitable title for the passage?
A. The types of tears
B. The components of tears
C. The science of tears
D. The opinions about tears
5、NASA might be famous for sending rockets up to space quickly. But it will be more famous
for making your next holiday come more quickly.
The space agency is working on a new plane, which could solve the problems of supersonic(超
音速的) flight and vastly increase the speed of journeys abroad. If successful, the plane would be
able to fly between New York and London in just three hours. And it would reduce the time spent
flying other journeys by a half, since it could be used more broadly. Until now, the problem with
such planes has been the sonic boom(声爆), made famous by the original Concorde. That happens
when a plane reaches supersonic speeds.
It is a thunderous noise that upsets people on the ground---- disturbing animals and even
causing physical problems to materials and houses underneath. It was that effect that led Congress
to ban such planes from being used over the US land, a decision that in turn was responsible for
Concorde’s failing to be commercially used.
In view of the problem, the space agency has developed a new technology and tried it out in
wind tunnels, and now believes that it could be put to commercial use. That plane will fly as high
as 55,000 feet---- far higher than normal planes---and make a sound of only 60 decibels. That’s far less than 90 decibels thrown out by normal planes, and is roughly in line with a car on the
motorway or a busy restaurant.
“As long as we can get endorsement from the general public, the plane will probably be
something that’s acceptable,” said Peter Coen, project manager for NASA’s commercial supersonic research team, in a new Bloomberg report. “If we get approved, we will have the
full-sized version of the plane tried out and the plane will be put into use.”
1.Why does the author mention Concorde?
A.To suggest the rapid development of planes.
B.To stress the negative effect of sonic booms.
C.To introduce how a commercial plane is designed.
D.To show Congress’ important role
in making planes.
2.What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?
A.The basic data of the new plane.
B.The working principle of the new plane.
C.The problems of the new plane.
D.The potential market of the new plane.
3.What does the underlined word “endorsement” in paragraph 5 mean?
A.Response
mitment.
C.Investment
D.Agreement
4.What is the purpose of the passage?
A.To inform people of NASA’s new plane.
B.To prove the disadvantages of supersonic flight.
C.To explain why speed matters in supersonic flight.
D.To clarify some misunderstandings about commercial planes.
6、Life at the Institute is more than just classes and homework 一community members pride themselves on their curricular(课程）and extracurricular work in the arts, athletics and more. Whether it’s taking part in a living group，playing on one of our NCAA Division m sports teams or taking time to learn new dance moves, Institute life has no boundaries.
Arts
Art, engineering, science, and invention are interconnected throughout MIT. Explore the Arts at MIT Portal（门口网站).
Athletics，Physical Education and Recreation
At MIT，exceptional students apply to athletics，physical education, and recreation with the same passion，drive and work ethic as they do in academics to reach their complete potential. Intensity and commitment to excellence can be found in all of DAPER's participants.
The Institute sponsors the largest NCAA Division IE athletic program among colleges in
the country with 33 university sports. DAPER features more than 30 club teams while it offers an expansive variety of intra-mural(校内的）competition. Physical education，a general Institute requirement, contains health and wellness concepts in addition to specific skill instruction.
Recreational sports include 200-plus programs annually，including fitness training，group exercise and specialty events.
Visit the Department of Athletics, Physical Education and Recreation (DAPER) website
for more information.
1. What do we know about the life at MIT?
A. The students are proud of only their classes and homework.
B. MIT offers students colorful after-school activities and community groups.
C. The students have no limits to the curricular and extracurricular activities.
D. Extracurricular activities in MIT focus on arts and athletics.
2. If you want to know about Arts in MIT，what should you do?
A. Visit the DAPER website.
B. Pay a visit in person.
C. Make a call.
D. Log on to the MIT Portal.
3. What do we know about DAPER?
A. All students are encouraged to apply to DAPER.
B. DAPER is famous for its over 30 club teams and varieties of competition.
C. Participants will fulfil their potential and better themselves after joining DAPER.
D. Participants will learn health and wellness concepts in the Recreational sports team.
7、Chinese audiences seemed not to satisfy with the third season of the highly anticipated food documentary A Bite of China.
Even though the series maintained high viewership ratings since its comeback, much higher than other programs aired at the same time, the ranking on Douban, a social networking website
featuring films, literature and events, slipped to 3. 7 out of 10, compared with 9. 3 and 8. 4, respectively, for the first two seasons.
Picky viewers complained that some of the narration was not accurate, while others pinpointed misleading content. At the same time, a food blogger questioned whether it was appropriate to give a close-up shot(特写镜头) of the poisonous plant nandina(南天竹) in a food program.
A Bite of China, which debuted in 2012, became hugely popular nationwide for its quality introduction of some rarely-known and mouthwatering domestic cuisine. In the new show, however, watchers were not satisfied with "irrelevant" food references, such as lipsticks made from Chinese traditional medicine and martial arts(武术) master.
The first episode introduced a hand-made iron frying pan from east China's Shandong Province, which prompted thousands of Chinese Internet users to buy one from China s leading ecommerce website Tmall in the next few days. Sales of the pan at "Zhensanhuan" surged 6,000 times compared with a year ago. according to Beijing Youth Daily.
In response to overwhelming criticism and questions, A Bite of China production crew responded on Weibo that they sought innovation despite the risks following the first two phenomenal seasons.
"It is unavoidable to make comparisons with the first two, and some audiences may not accept the changes," the crew said. "We explore the culture and civilization behind food, and give food a historic touch. That's why we feature culinary(烹饪的) tools, feast and rituals, as well as a healthy diet to show Chinese wisdom and philosophy, which has not been shown in any food programs before."
1.Why does the passage mention nandina?
A.Because some of the narration is not accurate.
B.Because it may be improper to give a close-up shot of a poisonous plant.
C.Because it is misleading content.
D.Because it is not attractive at all to most picky viewers.
2.Which of the following elements leads to viewers' dissatisfaction with the new show?
A.Some mouth-watering domestic cuisines.
B.Non-food items.
C.Some rarely-known cuisines.
D.The increasing sales of the pan at "Zhensanhuan".
3.According to its production crew, what is unique to A Bite of China Ⅲ?
A.It makes comparisons with the first two seasons.
B.It tells the story of some martial arts related to food.
C.It receives overwhelming criticism and questions from audiences.
D.It focuses on cooking tools，rituals and healthy eating.
4.What is the best title for the passage?
A.A Bite of China ⅢDraws Criticism from Audiences
B.A Bite of China ⅢMaintains High Viewer-ship Ratings
C.A Bite of China ⅢChanges for the Worse
D.A Bite of China ⅢExplains Its Purposes
8、We’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people
who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the
uncomfortable silence.
What’s the problem? It’s possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence.
It’s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward and challenging, or think it’s annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers,
ctice that
consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it’s an invaluable social pra
results in big benefits.
Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships
润滑剂) for
wouldn’t even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease(
social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at
Indiana University Southeast. "Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins
with small talk," he explains. "The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with
others, not just communicate with them."
In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on
their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互动) with its waiter;
the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their
server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. "It
that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband," says Dunn. "But interactions with peripheral(边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being also."
Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. "Small talk is the basis of good manners,"he says.
1.What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?
A.Addiction to smartphones.
B.Inappropriate behaviours in public places.
C.Absence of communication between strangers.
D.Impatience with slow service.
2.What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci?
A.Showing good manners.
B.Relating to other people.
C.Focusing on a topic.
D.Making business deals.
3.What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk?
A.It improves family relationships.
B.It raises people's confidence.
C.It matters as much as a formal talk.
D.It makes people feel good.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.Conversation Counts
B.Ways of Making Small Talk
C.Benefits of Small Talk
D.Uncomfortable Silence
答案以及解析
1答案及解析：
答案：1.B; 2.C; 3.B; 4.C
解析：
本文是一篇议论文。

文章讲述了随着社会的发展人类语言越来越少及其原因。

1. 推理判断题。

根据文章第一段中的When the world was still populated by
hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns
of speech independent of each other... when the world had just five to ten million
people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.可知,当世界以依靠狩猎为
生的人居住的时候,小而联系紧密的群落形成了他们彼此之间独立的讲话模式。

当世界上的
人口数量不到一千万时,语言种类达到了12000种。

由此推知,当时的语言种类很多。

故选B。

2. 猜测词义题。

根据文章第二段中的dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.可知,英语、西班牙语和汉语正在替代其他语言。

由此推知dominant languages意为:强有力的语言。

故选C。

3. 细节理解题。

根据文章第三段中的At present, the world has about 6,800 languages.和The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half
the world’s languages are spoken by fewer people than that. 可知,目前世界上大约
有6800种语言,但是讲的人数少于6000人的占一半即3400.故选B。

4. 主旨要义题。

根据文章第一段中的主题句Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more
going.可知,语言的产生和消失进行了几千年,但最近时代语言产生的少,消失的太多。

故选C。

点睛:长难句解读
In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and
better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to
disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are
increasingly taking over.
分析:and连接两个并列句,前面的介词短语in. . .作时间状语,all和前面的名词短语是同
位语。

句意:在最近的几个世纪,贸易、工业化、民族国家的发展和全球义务教育的蔓延,尤其是过去几十年来,全球化和更好的交流,这些都是导致许多语言消失的原因。

而且像英语、西班牙语和汉语这些强大的语言正在不断地占据统治地位。

2答案及解析：
答案：1.B 2.C 3.D 4.A
解析：1. B 细节题。

根据第 2 段中的“Researchers have created VR environments that even smell like the real things. ”可知，使用气味识别技术，研究人员使得虚拟现实环境里可以散发现实世界中的气味。

2. C 推断题。

根据第4段中的“In the United States, Smell-O-Vision was designed to provide smells during the showing of a movie. The Smell-O-Vision system was once popular in the
1960s. ”可推断出Smell-O-Vision 的例子证明气味识别技术在以前就已经被尝试。

3. D细节题。

根据最后一段可知.商人使用气味影响人们的行为，刺激人们进行冲动性消费。

4. A主旨题。

这篇文章主要讲了气味识别技术的新发展。

3答案及解析：
答案：1.B; 2.A; 3.D; 4.D
解析： 1.细节理解题。

答案定位在第三段"The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences."(此次展览吸引的参观者人数创下了记录,显示出人们对中国影响的浓厚兴趣。

)由此可知,纽约的展览吸引了许多参观者,故选B。

2.细节理解题。

答案定位在第四段"Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion-they are central to its movement"(中国模特是向全世界女性推销梦想的美
和时尚活动的代言人,这意味着中国女性不仅仅是时尚的消费者——她们是这场运动的核心。

)由此可知,Hill说中国女性开创了新时尚,故选A。

3.词义猜测题。

下文"and beating them hands down in design and sales"说并在设计和销售上击
败他们。

由此推断出上文"Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galliano, Albaz, Mare Jacobs"的意思是Vera Wang、Alexander Wang和Jason Wu正在与Galliano、Albaz和
故选D。

Mare Jacobs竞争。

taking on意思是“竞争”，
4.主旨大意题。

根据文章第一段"china and its culture have long been an inspiration for western creations".以及最后一段"If you talk about fashion today , you are talking about China - its influences , its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways."(如果你今天谈论时尚,你谈论的是中国——它的影响,它的方向,它令人惊叹的服装,以及年轻的设计师和模特如何最终在许多方面被认可。

),结合全文
故选D。

内容,可知这篇文章最恰当的题目是“中国文化助力国际时尚潮流”，
4答案及解析：
答案：1.D2.A3.B4.C
解析：1. D 细节题。

根据第 3 段中的"Scientists believe crying has something to do with how humans developed and learned to depend on each other. "可知答案。

2. A推断题。

根据第4段中的"The major advantage of emotional tears is that you can target them at a specific person."可知，Vingerhoets认为泪水的主要优势就是你可以将泪水指向一个特定的目标。

由此可知，this ability指将泪水指向一个特定的目标的能力。

3. B 推断题。

根据第 3 段中的"Lauren Bylsma, a professor at the University of Pittsburgh, in Pennsylvania. “It seems that tears serve to arouse help and support from others. She says."和第 4 段中的" Vingerhoets agrees "可知.Lauren Bylsma和Vingerhoets都认为泪水可以唤起别人的帮助和支持。

结合选项可知，他们都认可泪水的积极作用。

4. C主旨题。

文章从科学的角度，分析了哭的种类、哭的原因.所以"眼泪的科学"适合做本文标题。

5答案及解析：
答案：1.B; 2.A; 3.D; 4.A
解析：1.推断题。

根据第2、3段可知，作者提到协和式超音速客机是为了强调声爆的负面
影响。

2.主旨题。

通读第4段可知，该段介绍了这款新式飞机的一些基本资料。

3.词义推断题。

根据画线词所在句的句意和最后一句中的If we get approved 可推
断,endorsement 意为“同意;认同”。

4.主旨题。

本文主要介绍了美国国家航空航天局新研发的一款飞机。

6答案及解析：
答案：1.B2.D3.B
解析：1. B主旨题。

通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了麻省理工学院丰富多彩的课外活动与
社团。

2. D细节题。

根据文中第2段中最后一句可知答案。

3. B细节题。

根据文中第4段中的"DAPER features more than 30 club teams while it offers an expansive variety of intramural competition."可知答案。

7答案及解析：
答案：1-4 BBDA
解析：1.细节题。

由第 3 段中的At the same time, a food blogger questioned whether it was appropriate to give a close-up shot of the poisonous plant Nandina in a food program.可知，文中提到南天竹是因为有博主觉得给一种有毒的植物特写镜头不合适。

2.细节题。

由第4段中的In the new show, however, watchers were not satisfied with 'irrelevant' food references, such as lipsticks made from Chinese traditional medicine and martial arts master. 可知，一些和食物无关的东西使得观众对新的节目很不满意。

3.推断题。

由文章最后一段可知，《舌尖上的中国3》的工作人员认为，它的独特之处在于
它关注烹饪工具、仪式和健康的饮食
4.主旨题。

由全文的主题句Chinese audiences seemed not to satisfy with the third season of the highly anticipated food documentary A Bite of China.可知，这篇文章主要讲了《舌尖上的中国
3》受到了观众们的批评。

8答案及解析：
答案：1.C; 2.B; 3.D; 4.C
解析：这是一篇议论文。

在当今社会,人们在公共场合或沉迷于智能手机,或与不舒服的沉默抗争,陌生人之间缺乏沟通。

但人与人之间是需要适当的交谈闲聊的,闲聊是人际关系社会交
往必不可少的部分,而且也有很多好处。

1. 主旨大意题。

题干问的是:第一段描述了什么现象。

在公共场合(比如在电梯里,在银行排队,或在飞机上)人们深深地专注于他们的智能手机,或者更糟糕的是,与不舒服的沉默抗争。

有此可知,陌生人之间缺乏沟通。

A项意为:沉迷于智能手机。

B项意为:在公共场所不适当的行为。

C项意为:陌生人之间缺乏沟通。

D项意为:对缓慢的服务不耐烦。

故选C项。

2. 推理判断题。

题干问得是对于Carducci来说,成功的闲聊中重要的是什么。

根据第三段最
后一句“The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just
成功闲聊的关键是学习如何与他们交流,而不仅仅是与他们沟通。

) communicate with them”（
由此推断C符合题意。

A项意为:表现出良好的礼貌。

B项意为:与他人有关的。

C项意为:专注于一个话题。

D项意为:做商业交易。

故选B项。

3. 推理判断题。

题干问的是:咖啡店的研究对闲聊有什么建议。

根据第四段的调查结果可知,那些与服务员聊天的人,有显著的积极情绪和更好的咖啡店体验。

由此可知,D项符合题意。

A项意为:闲聊改善了家庭关系。

B项意为:闲聊提高了人们的信心。

C项意为:闲聊和正式谈话一样重要。

D项意为:闲聊让人感觉很好。

故选D项。

4. 主旨大意题。

整篇文章刚开始介绍了社会的现象(公共场合人们沉迷于智能手机,陌生人之间缺乏沟通交流),接着分析了这一问题的原因,接下来有专家对闲聊进行了研究,最后得出结
论,闲聊都有什么样的好处。

A项意为:谈话很重要。

B项意为:闲聊的方法。

C项意为:闲聊的好处。

D项意为:不舒服的沉默。

故选C项。

点睛:
我们在做阅读理解时,尽量找出每段的主讲内容(可能是一句话或是一个短语),这样有利于整篇文章的把握,有利于做文章大意题。

如4题,很显然本文讲的不是重要性也不是方法更不是
沉默,所以ABD都可以轻松排除。