2022年考研考博-考博英语-上海交通大学考试预测题精选专练VII(附带答案)卷3

2022年考研考博-考博英语-上海交通大学考试预测题精选专练VII（附带答案）
第1套
一.综合题(共25题)
1.单选题
It is very kind of you to offer, but any more pudding would simply be （） .
问题1选项
A.exceptional
B.excessive
C.abundant
D.ample
【答案】B
【解析】形容词词义辨析。

exceptional"例外的;异常的"; excessive"过多的;极度的"; abundant"丰富的,多产的"; ample"丰富的,足够的"。

句意：你给的刚刚好, 再多一点布丁都显得太过分了。

选项B符合句意。

When he left high school, he （） to go to college and study for a degree, rather than get a job straight away.
问题1选项
A.opted
B.forwent
C.indulged
D.excelled
【答案】A
【解析】词义辨析题。

opt选择，opt to do sth.指选择做某事；forwent摒弃，放弃；indulge沉溺，放纵，后面一般接介词in；excelled超过，一般与at或in搭配。

句意：高中毕业后，他选择上大学攻读学位，而不是直接找工作。

选项A符合句意。

3.单选题
I （） the justice and fought against corruption at my best.
问题1选项
A.confirmed
B.upheld
C.overwhelmed
D.established
【答案】B
【解析】confirmed确认, 坚定; uphold支持, 维护; overwhelmed压倒, 淹没; established制定, 建立。

句意：我维护正义, 尽我最大的努力与腐败作斗争。

选项B符合句意。

According to （） sources, the Leaning Tower of Pisa is to be up righted under a restoration plan by the Italian Government.
问题1选项
A.conformed
B.confirmed
rmed
D.transformed
【答案】B
【解析】形容词词义辨析。

conformed"一致的,顺从的"; confirmed"确定的,坚定的""; informed"消息灵通的,见多识广的"; transformed"转变的"。

句意：据可靠消息, 在意大利政府的一项恢复计划中, 比萨斜塔将得到修复。

选项B符合原文。

5.单选题
Some people feel there is a great deal of （） between religion and science.
问题1选项
bat
B.fight
C.conflict
D.battle
【答案】C
【解析】combat"战斗,搏斗";fight"打架,战斗"; conflict"冲突,争执"; battle"斗争,作战"。

句意：有些人认为宗教和科学之间有很多冲突。

选项C符合句意。

Because of the massive oil spillage in the gulf, both the plant and animal lives in the area are in（） .
问题1选项
A.destiny
B.amenity
C.jeopardy
D.tragedy
【答案】C
【解析】名词辨析题。

destiny"命运, 天命";amenity "娱乐设施";jeopardy"危险, 危难";in jeopardy指处于危险境地;tragedy"灾难,悲剧"。

句意：由于海湾大量石油泄漏，该地区的动植物都处于危险之中。

选项C正确。

7.单选题
In the professions where women （） numerically, it would be reasonable to expect them to hold senior positions.
问题1选项
A.tolerate
B.integrate
C.predominate
D.accumulate
【答案】C
【解析】动词辨析题。

tolerate忍受，容忍；integrate使...完整；predominate支配，主导，在...中占优势；accumulate 累积，积聚。

句意：在妇女数量上占优势的职位中，期望她们担任高级职位也是合情合理的。

所以选项C符合句意。

8.单选题
The Maya civilization reached its period of greatest development about A.D.250 and continued to （） for hundreds of years.
问题1选项
A.thrive
B.flourish
C.prevail
D.popularize
【答案】B
【解析】动词词义辨析。

thrive繁荣, 兴旺, 主要指生长得健壮;flourish繁荣, 兴旺, 指健康地成长发展或处于发展的高峰;prevail盛行, 战胜;popularize普及, 推广。

句意：玛雅文明大约在公元250年达到了其最伟大的发展时期, 并持续繁荣了数百年。

所以选项B更合适。

9.单选题
The brain drain of experts away from developing countries will greatly influence these countries development of （） industry.
问题1选项
plicated
B.sophisticated
C.primitive
D.collective
【答案】B
重影响这些国家尖端工业的发展。

选项B符合句意。

10.单选题
He was in extreme state of distress and depression when he knew that he had （） lung cancer. 问题1选项
A.extracted
B.contracted
C.abstracted
D.attracted
【答案】B
【解析】固定搭配题。

contract a disease为固定搭配, 意为"感染疾病" ; extract"提取;搾出", 一般与介词from连用; abstract "提取,摘要"; attract"吸引, 引起…的注意"。

句意：当他知道自己得了肺癌时，他极度痛苦和沮丧。

11.单选题
Mass production is （） only in an economy with a highly developed technology.
问题1选项
A.vulnerable
B.invaluable
C.feasible
patible
【答案】C
12.单选题
The doctor informed his patient that the drug was very （） and can have unpleasant side-effects.
问题1选项
A.potent
B.efficient
C.intricate
D.fragile
【答案】A
【解析】形容词辨析题。

potent"（药等）有效力的,有说服力的";efficient "有能力的,效率高的", 一般指办事效率; intricate "错综复杂的";fragile "易碎的,脆弱的"。

句意：医生告诉他的病人这种药的药效很强，而且可能有副作用。

选项A符合句意。

13.单选题
It is our firm （） that a step forward has been taken and will bring the country back to economic prosperity.
问题1选项
A.conviction
B.empowerment
C.imperative
D.proposition
势在必行；proposition提议，命题。

句意：我们坚信，已经向前迈出了一步，并将使国家恢复经济繁荣。

选项A符合句意。

14.单选题
The French education system is very different from the English one in its aims, its organization and its results. The French child too, the raw material of this education is unlike the English child and differences in the raw material may well account for differences in the processes employed.
The French child, boy or girl, gives one the impression of being intellectually more precocious than the product of the chillier English climate. This is encouraged by his upbringing among adults, not in a nursery. English parents readily adapt their conversation to the child's point of view and interest themselves more in his games and childish preoccupation. The English are, as regards national character, younger than the French, or, to put it another way, there is in England no deep division between the life of the child and that of the grown man. The art of talking to children in the kind of language they understand is so much an English art that most of the French children's favorite books are translations from the English.
French parents on the other hand, do their best to develop the child's intelligence as rapidly as possible. They have little patience with childish ideas even if they do not go so far as to look upon childhood as an unfortunate but necessary prelude to adult life. Not that they need to force the child, for he usually lends himself willingly to the process, and enjoys the effect of his unexpectedly clever remarks and unusual sayings and of his bright judgment of men and things. It is not without significance that the French mother instead of appealing to the child's heart by asking him to be good appeals to his reason by asking him to be wise. Reasonableness is looked for early in France, and the age of reason is fixed at seven years.
1.In comparing French and English education the author indicates that（） .
2.The passage suggests that the French child （） .
3.The word "prelude" in the phrase "…,but necessary prelude to adult life" ( in the 2nd sentence of Paragraph 3) probably means （） .
4.In comparison with French children, English children （） .
5.French mothers （） .
问题1选项
A.a great deal can be learnt by both countries
B.differences should not be looked for only in the methods
D.the main differences are in the children
问题2选项
A.is as he is because of the climate
B.only associates with adults
C.is not treated as a child
D.is forced to behave like an adult
问题3选项
A.introductory stage
B.consequent event
C.inevitable result
D.acceptable reason
问题4选项
A.are less intelligent
B.can stand chillier climate
C.receive more care from their parents
D.have shorter childhood
问题5选项
A.know how to appeal to what is best in their children
C.their children's unexpectedly clever remarks
ck patience in everything
【答案】第1题:B
第2题:C
第3题:A
第4题:C
第5题:A
【解析】1.细节推断题。

根据第一段的内容可知, 英国和法国在教育体系方面有着很大的差别。

同时,作为教育的"原材料",两个国家的孩子们也存在着区别。

教育所采取的方法不同是因为原材料不同, 即因人而异。

由此可推断,教育上的差异,不仅是教育方法不同,"原材料"也存在差异。

所以选项B正确。

2.细节推断题。

根据二三的的内容可知, 法国的父母总是以成年人的思维对待和要求孩子, 所以选项C符合原文。

3.introductory stage引入时期; consequent event随之而来的事情; inevitable result 必然结果; acceptable reason可接受的原因。

根据上下文的内容, 儿童时期是成人生活的前奏,选项A符合原文。

4.细节推断题。

根据原文第二段的第三句"English parents readily adapt their conversation to the child's point of view and interest themselves more in his games and childish preoccupation. "英国父母很容易根据孩子的观点调整他们的谈话, 并且使自己能够对孩子们的游戏和关注的一些幼稚的东西感兴趣。

说明英国的孩子比法国孩子受到父母更多的关爱, 选项C正确。

5.细节推断题。

根据题干关键词 French mothers定位到最后一段的倒数第二句"It is not without significance that the French mother instead of appealing to the child's heart by asking him to be good appeals to his reason by asking him to be wise."法国母亲不是通过要求孩子做个好人来打动孩子的心, 而是通过要求他做个聪明的人来打动他的理智, 这并非没有意义。

选项A 符合原文。

15.单选题
Can you explain this （） of ten years in your job history which you have not accounted for?
问题1选项
A.interruption
B.gap
C.split
【答案】B
【解析】名词辨析题。

interruption"中断, 干扰";gap"缺口,差距,间隔";split"劈裂,裂缝;paring"削皮"。

选项中只有gap可以表示时间的间隔。

句意：你能解释一下在你的工作经历中你没有解释的十年空白期吗? 选项B正确。

16.单选题
Though this book was written more than 50 years ago, it has a relatively contemporary appeal, and its （） plotting will amuse mystery lovers.
问题1选项
A.intricate
B.disparate
passionate
D.passionate
【答案】D
【解析】形容词辨析题。

intricate错综复杂的；disparate不同的，迥异的，不相干的；compassionate 慈悲的，富有同情心的；passionate热情的，充满激情的。

句意：虽然这本书是50多年前写的，但它具有相对现代的吸引力，其错综复杂的情节会让神秘爱好者感到有趣。

选项D符合句意。

17.单选题
"We didn't want to displease our most （） supporters, therefore, we have provided them with the opportunity of getting extra tickets to any game this year, " said the manager of the football club.
问题1选项
A.acute
B.ardent
C.sheer
D.fantastic
【答案】B
【解析】形容词辨析题。

acute严重的，急性的，敏锐的；ardent热情的，激烈的；sheer绝对的；fantastic奇妙的，极好的。

句意：“我们不想让最热情的球迷不高兴，因此，我们为他们提供了今年任何一场比赛的额外门票。

”足球俱乐部的经理说。

选项B符合句意。

18.单选题
The （） beauty of the mountain has made it a world-famous resort. Every year numerous tourists from home and abroad come to visit it.
问题1选项
A.perpetual
B.perplexed
C.preserved
D.perished
【答案】C
【解析】形容词辨析题。

perpetual"永久的,不断的";perplexed"困感的, 不知所措的";preserved "保存完好的"; perished "消亡的, 毁坏的"。

句意：保存完好的山区风景使得它成为世界闻名的旅游胜地。

每年都有许多来自国内外的游客来参观。

选项C符合句意。

19.单选题
Everyone is trying to （） how the fire started.
问题1选项
A.figure out
C.turn out
D.clear out
【答案】B
【解析】figure out"计算岀;估计"; make out"理解;辨认岀"; turn out"生产,结果是"; clear out"清除,扫出"。

根据句意：每个人都想弄明白火是如何开始的。

选项B符合句意。

20.单选题
As many as one in four U. S. workers may be chronically angry on the job, with angry employees also more likely to be bored, have low energy and feel "stuck" in their posts, according to a report Tuesday. Employees are most likely to be angered by a boss or supervisor by a fellow employee or by others in the workplace not being productive, by tight deadlines or by heavy workloads, said Donald Gibson, a professor at the Yale School of Management. "A turbulent economic environment that has produced, on the one hand, productivity and growth and, on the other, wrenching change and uncertainty, has buffeted the workplace," the report saiD."While a majority of employees are responding to these conditions with reports of workplace satisfaction there remain a substantial portion who are dissatisfied, even angry, at work," it addeD."Most visibly, anger is linked to workplace aggression, which appears to be increasing: We are weekly confronted with stories of workers taking aggressive, even violent, action particularly against supervisors." The survey found that 25 percent of those contacted said they were at least somewhat angry at work on a continuing basis. Angry employees tend to have less energy and interest in the job, and tend also to be bored, according to Gibson. And angry employees tend to feel"stuck"in the joB.The study did not speculate on what percentage of angry workers are likely to resort to violence. It did find that they feel less loyal to an employer. There have been a number of workplace shootings in the United States over the years, most recently rampages in Georgia and Alabama which left 12 dead.
1.What's the meaning of "stuck"in Line 2 ParA.1?
2.According to the passage, the angry workers are more likely to do the following EXCEPT （） .
3.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a cause for anger?
4.What can you infer from the passage?
5.Which is best fit for the title?
问题1选项
A.Attracted
B.Trapped
C.Puzzled
D.Irritated
问题2选项
A.quit their jobs
B.feel boredom
C.have less loyalty
D.resort to violence
问题3选项
A.Great pressure.
B.Less motion.
C.Fear and uncertainty.
D.Quarrel with a boss or other employees.
问题4选项
A.A considerable number of angry workers develop their angel into aggression.
B.The relationship between the worker and the boss is the primary reason for anger at work.
C.Angry workers are more likely to lose their jobs than others as a result.
D.Economic environment might be the root cause for the feeling of anger at work.
问题5选项
A.The Increasing Violence of Angry Workers.
B.Chronic Anger in U. S. Workplace.
C.The Cause for Angry Workers.
D.The Conflict between Capital and Labor.
【答案】第1题:C
第2题:A
第3题:B
第4题:D
第5题:B
【解析】1.语义题。

根据句意, 许多工人会对工作感到厌倦、低迷, 觉得在工作中不能胜任。

stuck 字面意思为"困住",被工作"困住",意为工作使他们困惑。

选项C正确。

2.细节判断题。

根据原文内容可知, 处于愤怒中的员工会对工作感到无聊, 忠诚度会降低, 甚至有暴力倾向。

只有选项A在文中没有提及。

3.细节判断题。

根据第一段的最后一句"Employees are most likely to be angered by a boss or supervisor by a fellow employee or by others in the workplace not being productive, by tight deadlines or by heavy workloads."员工最容易被老板或主管、同事或工作场所其他人的低效、紧迫的最后期限或沉重的工作负担激怒。

只有选项B未提及。

4.细节推断题。

根据第二段的第一句"A turbulent economic environment that has produced, on the one hand, productivity and growth and, on the other, wrenching change and uncertainty, has buffeted the workplace."经济环境一方面的改变提升了生产力, 另一方面带来了痛苦的变化和不确定性, 对职场造成了冲击。

由此推断, 经济环境的改变可能是工作中产生愤怒情绪的根本原因。

选项D正确。

其他选项均表述错误。

5.主旨大义题。

本文主要分析了 angry workers出现的原因以及现状。

选项B更符合原文。

21.单选题
It is （） that makes the female horse to bend down and lick its newborn foal.
问题1选项
A.impulse
B.inspiration
C.incentive
D.instinct
【答案】D
【解析】名词词义辨析。

impulse"推动,冲动"; inspiration"灵感,启发"; incentive"动机,刺激";instinct"本能,直觉"。

句意：母马弯下腰去舔它刚出生的小马驹, 这是一种本能。

选项D符合句意。

22.单选题
The Foreign Ministry holds weekly press conferences to （） reporters （） the latest development in diplomacy.
问题1选项
A.confer... upon
B.burden... with
C.fill... in on
D.adjust... to
【答案】C
【解析】固定搭配辨析。

fill sB.in on为固定搭配, 意为"详细告诉某人"。

句意：外交部每周举行新闻发布会, 详细向记者介绍外交的最新发展。

选项C符合句意。

23.单选题
Although Washington is the most important city in the United States, it cannot （）like New York and Chicago in size and population.
问题1选项
A.match with
B.abide by
C.conform to
pete with
【答案】D
【解析】match with"与……相匹配"; abide by"遵守,履行"; conform to"遵守,依照"; compete with"与……竞争"。

根据句意：虽然华盛顿是美国最重要的城市, 但在面积和人口上无法与纽约和芝加哥相比。

选项D符合句意。

24.单选题
Ronny's steps died away, and there was a moment of （） silence.
问题1选项
A.absent
B.abstract
C.absolute
D.acquire
【答案】C
【解析】形容词词义辨析。

absent心不在焉的;abstract抽象的;absolute绝对的, 完全的;acquire 为动词, 获得。

填空处填入的形容词是为了修饰silence的程度。

句意：Ronny的脚步声渐渐消失了, 接着是一阵绝对的沉默。

选项C符合句意。

25.单选题
I am disgusted （） the way the couple talks about the actress's private life.
问题1选项
A.over
B.for
D.with
【答案】D
【解析】考查介词搭配。

be disgusted with为固定搭配,意为"厌恶……,讨厌……"。