2019-2020学年杭州市保俶塔实验学校高三英语期中试卷及参考答案

2019-2020学年杭州市保俶塔实验学校高三英语期中试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
A medical capsule robot is a small,often pill-sized device that can do planned movement inside the body after being swallowed or surgically inserted. Most models use wireless electronics or magnets or a combination of the two to control the movement of the capsule. Such devices have been equipped with cameras to allow observation and diagnosis, with sensors that “feel,” and even with mechanical needles that administer drugs.
But in practice, Biomechatronics engineer Pietro Valdastri has found that developing capsule models from scratch (从头开始) is costly, time-consuming and requires advanced skills. “The problem was we had to do them from scratch every time,” said Valdastri in an interview. “And other research groups were redeveloping those same modules from scratch, which didn’t make sense.”
Since most of the capsules have the same parts of components: a microprocessor, communication submodules, an energy source, sensors, and actuators (致动器), Valdastri and his team made the modular platform in which the pieceswork in concertand can be interchanged with ease. They also developed a flexible board on which the component parts are snapped in like Legos. The board can be folded to fit the body of the capsule, down to about 14 mm. Additionally, they compiled (编译) a library of components that designers could choose from, enabling hundreds of different combinations. They arranged it all in a free online system. Designers can take the available designs or adapt them to their specific needs.
“Instead of redeveloping all the modules from scratch, people with limited technological experience can use our modules to build their own capsule robots in clinical use and focus on their innovation,” Valdastri said.
Now, the team has designed a capsule equipped with a surgical clip to stop internal bleeding. Researchers at Scotland’s Royal Infirmary of Edinburg have also expressed interest in using the system to make a crawling capsule that takes images of the colon(结肠). One research group, led by professors at the Institute of Digestive Disease of the Chinese University of HongKong, is making a swimming capsule equipped with a camera that pushes itself through the stomach.
One limitation of Valdastri’s system is that it’s only for designing models. Researchers can confirm their hypotheses (假设) and do first design using the platform, but will need to move to a custom approach to develop their capsules further and make them practical for clinical use.
1. According to the passage, Valdastri and his team created the platform to ________.
A. adopt the latest technologies
B. make their robots dream come true
C. help build specialized capsule robots
D. do preciser observation and diagnosis
2. What does the underlined phrase “work in concert” mean in Para.3?
A. Perform live.
B. Run independently.
C. Act in a cooperative way.
D. Carry on step by step.
3. What can be learnt from the passage?
A. Valdastri’s system can’t provide a complete capsule creation.
B. The modular platform is more useful than a custom approach.
C. The capsules can move in human’s body automatically.
D. It costs more to module the capsules on the board.
B
In someareas ofCalifornia, it’s so dry that farmers aren’t willing to plant crops this season. Growers, north ofSan Francisco, have begun pulling out of local farmers markets.
CountyLineHarvest, which farms more than 30 acres inPetaluma, hasn’t had enough water to grow all the peppers, lettuces and other produce for a long time, according to a video on its Instagram page. Nearby farms arc saying the same, emphasizing (强调) the effect of theextendeddry periods.
Californiagrows a third of theUnited States' vegetables and two-thirds of the nation's fruits and nuts. If dry weather prevents farmers from growing plants, that could lead to pushing up the price of food that's already starting to affect theU.S.economy.
“Due to severe drought, for the first time in 21 years, we will not be able to grow this summer inPetaluma,"CountyLinesaid in its post.
Drew Lerner, president of World Weather Inc. inKansas, saidCalifornia“missed the rainy season" and won't see much moisture (水分) over the next several months.
A La Nina weather pattern in the Pacific pushed winter storms north and away from the state, leaving it with less moisture than usual. AsCaliforniagets most of its water from winter storms, little relief is expected before October.
That has left growers such as Shao Shan Fann in a bind. The business can’t offer the selection of Asian
vegetables and Bay Area staples it usually grows at its Bolinas location, according to its website.
Nearby, Green Valley Community Farm has access to only about 5% of the water it usually relies on, owner David Plescia said. He’s looking for new land with enough water to use, and also has a permit in the works to grow cannabis to make up for the lost income. If it doesn’t make it, he’ll leave the fields empty.
“It’s part of our generation’s cross to bear, figuring out how to run small — or medium-scale farm businesses in this kind of atmosphere of highly variable rainfall,” Andrew said.
4. What does the underlined word “extended” in the second paragraph mean?
A. Hot.
B. Short.
C. Long.
D. Wonderful.
5. Which is the result if the dry weather stops famers from planting crops?
A. Theincreaseinthe priceof food.
B. The growth of economy inU.S.
C.Lessmoisture than usual.
D. The low price of Asian vegetables.
6. From what Andrew said, we can infer (推断) all of the following statements EXCEPT that________.
A. The climate is not very good
B. It is part of the burden for people of his generation
C. It is hard for him to run his farm businesses insuch bad climate
D. He is sure that the serious drought will come to an end soon
7. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. How do the famers run businesses inCalifornia.
B. How does the owner look for new land with enough water
C. California farmers facing drought choose not to plant crops.
D. The farm economy of theUnited Stateshas changed a lot.
C
Honeybees can’t swim, and when their wings are wet, they can’t fly, either. But Chris Roh and other researchers at the California Institute of Technology found that when bees drop into bodies of water, they can use their wings toproduce little waves and slide toward land-like surfers who create and then ride their own waves.
As with many scientific advances-IsaacNewton’s apple or Benjamin Franklin’s lightning bolt-Dr. Roh’s experiment began with a walk. Passing Caltech’s Millikan Pond in 2016, he observed a bee on the water’s surface producing waves. He wondered how an insect known for flight could push itself through water.
Dr. Roh and his co-worker, Morteza Gharib, used butterfly nets to collect localPasadenahoneybees and observed their surf-like movements. The researchers used a wire to restrict each bee’s bodily movement, allowing
close examination of their wings. They found that the bee bends its wings at a 30-degree angle, pulling up water and producing a forward force. Bees get trapped on the surface because water is roughly three times heavier than air. But that weight helps to push the bee forward when its wings move quickly up and down. It’s a tough exercise for the bees, which the researchers guess could handle about 10 minutes of the activity.
The researchers said the surf-like movement hasn’t been documented in other insects and most semiaquatic insects use their legs forpropulsion, which is known as water-walking. It may have evolved in bees, they-predicted.
Dr. Roh and Dr. Gharib have imagined many practical applications for bees’ surfing. One plan is to use their observations to design robots able to travel across sky and sea. “This could be useful for search and rescues, or for getting samples of the surface of the ocean, if you can’t send a boat or helicopter,” Dr. Gharib said.
8. What does the author intend to show by mentioningNewtonandFranklin?
A. Roh’s admiration for them.
B. Roh’s chance discovery about bees.
C. Their outstanding talent for science.
D. Their similar achievements in discovery.
9. What plays the most vital role in a bee’s moving forward on water?
A. The air weight.
B. Its leg extension.
C. The water movement.
D. Its continuous wingbeat.
10. What does the underlined word “propulsion” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. Fast flight
B. Driving force.
C. Pulling speed.
D. Explosive power.
11. What does the text mainly tell us?
A. Honeybees can surf to safety.
B. Bees help scientists make inventions.
C. Insects can adapt to the environment.
D. Nature is a helpful guide for discovery.
D
An unmanned Chinese spacecraft left the earth on a trip to the planet Mars on Thursday. The launch（发射）marks the start of one of China's most important space explorations. China's national space agency launched the spacecraft called Tianwen-1 fromthe Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Center on Hainan Island.
The name Tianwen means “Questions to Heaven” in Chinese. The spacecraft took off on China's largest carrier rocket, the Long March 5, and about 36 minutes later, the spacecraft, including an orbiter（轨道飞行器）and a rover（漫游车），was sent into the Earth-Mars orbit. It is expected to reach the orbit of the red planet next February. Tianwen-1 will finish three scientific goals—orbiting the red planet, landing on the Mars and sending a rover to the landing site.
Tianwen-1 carries several scientific instruments to observe the planet's atmosphere and surface. It will do a
series of scientific researches on the planet's soil, geological structure, environment, atmosphere and water. Besides its daily work of exploring the surface of Mars for 90 days, it will also report back to the earth about its experiences on the red planet, which is millions of miles away. According to experts, discovering signs of life will be its first and most important scientific goal.
Tianwen-1's successful landing will make China the second nation to place a spacecraft on Mars. The United States has landed eight vehicles on Mars since 1976. China will be the first to successfully orbit, land and place a vehicle in the same mission. This is China's first independent mission to Mars. The task in 2011 failed when a Russian rocket carrying a Chinese orbiter had problems after launch, and was unable to escape the Earth orbit. Last year, China's Chang e-4 spacecraft became the first to make a landing on the far side of the moon.
12. When will Tianwen-1 enter the orbit of Mars?
A. 36 minutes later.
B. Next Thursday.
C. In 90 days.
D. Next February.
13. What is the main task of Tianwen-1 according to experts?
A. Orbiting the Mars.
B. Landing on the Mars.
C. Discovering signs of life.
D. Sending a rover to the landing site.
14. Which of the following statements is mentioned in the text?
A. Tianwen-1 is the second vehicle landed on the Mars.
B. The United States is the first to land vehicles on the Mars.
C. Russia helped China place Tianwen-1 on the Mars.
D. Chang，e-4 was the first to make a landing on the moon.
15. Where can you find this article?
A. In a newspaper.
B. In a diary.
C. In a sci-fi novel.
D. In a guide book.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
How to Be Smart with Your Money
Money is a major worry for many people. It can be easy to overspend and be left with buyer's regret.____16____But don't worry. Here's a handful of ways that will help you use your money wisely without getting an MBA.
Prioritize your needs.Do you want to pay down debt?____17____Or are you just looking for clothes to be
more beautiful? Identify your top priorities. Do not put any money toward non-essential expenses until all of your necessary living costs have been paid.
____18____It can be easy to get in the habit of shopping in the same place repeatedly, but taking time to shop in various places can help you find the best deals. Check in stores and online to look for the best prices for your needs. Look for stores that might be running sales or that specialize in discount.
Use cash instead of cards.For non-necessary expenses such as going out to eat or seeing a movie, set a budget. Withdraw the necessary amount of cash before you go out, and leave your cards at home.____19____ Monitor your spending.Finally, as long as you're not spending more than you bring in, you're on target.____20____You may prefer to check your bank account every day, or you could sign up for a money-monitoring app to help you track your spending.
A.Shop online.
B. Shop around.
C. Are you saving for the rent?
D. Do you usually use your money smartly?
E. Being smart with money can seem like an impossible task.
F. This will make it more difficult to overspend while you are out.
G. Regularly monitor your spending in whatever way that works best for you.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Watching my son Nathan play basketball for his school team, I felt___21___for myself and him. His team was___22___adversity (困境) on the court,___23___for three quarters of the game. As for me, I had just been___24___from my job.
Earlier in the day，I___25___up everything in a box, saying goodbye to my colleagues. During the drive home, I kept telling myself that I will find___26___again—I am___27___in my experience and abilities,___28___self-doubt was still sticking its foot in the door.
The game___29___the fourth quarter with Nathan’s team still trailing (落后的). I saw the___30___on his and his teammates’ faces as they fought back to go ahead by three___31___. Then, a player from the other team made a(n)___32___shot and tied the game! With the___33___game and seconds on the clock, Nathan found himself with the ball and with___34___and confidence, he___35___the basket with a defender hanging all over him. The defender was called for a foul(犯规).
With Nathan preparing for a shot to put his team up by three points, I saw his determination again, no___36___for self-doubt. After he made the free___37___, his team stopped the other team from___38___, winning the game and moving on to the finals.
As I sat there, my heart burst with pride. That___39___moment of self-doubt and feeling sorry for myself was___40___away by the actions of my son on the basketball court. At this moment, we both won!
21. A. ready B. eager C. responsible D. sorry
22. A. making B. solving C. facing D. getting
23. A. going ahead B. fighting back C. playing hard D. falling behind
24. A. dismissed B. prevented C. separated D. discouraged
25. A. gave B. packed C. showed D. brought
26. A. change B. money C. work D. hobby
27. A. confident B. poor C. interested D. lost
28. A. as B. so C. if D. but
29. A. held B. entered C. lasted D. won
30. A. smile B. determination C. strength D. sweat
31. A. seconds B. times C. points D. quarters
32. A. clear B. awful C. reasonable D. unbelievable
33. A. tie B. school C. season D. year
34. A. rule B. order C. skill D. hesitation
35. A. watched B. made C. designed D. changed
36. A. room B. court C. hope D. effort
37. A. break B. throw C. activity D. area
38. A. scoring B. performing C. hanging D. playing
39. A. busy B. happy C. brief D. tiring
40. A. beaten B. given C. scared D. blown
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
TheGreat Barrier Reefis one of Earth’s greatest____41.____(nature) wonders. It’s the largest system of coral reefs in the world. The color1 ful underwater habitat provides food and shelter for many sea animals. But in 2018, scientists flying over the reef____42.____(shock) by what they saw.
“Where you expected____43.____(see) color1 ful healthy corals, what you saw was just white,” says scientist Mark Eakin. What the scientists saw is a condition called coral bleaching. It’s a warning sign that the reef is____44.____serious trouble. Experts say____45.____is rising ocean temperatures that are mostly to blame. Coral reefs look like plants, but they’re actually tiny animals that live together in huge groups. Corals get their nutrients from tiny plant-like living things called algae. The algae live inside corals and give them their color1 . But when the ocean gets too warm, corals release the algae. As____46.____result, the corals get bleached white. Scientists say that bleaching is becoming more widespread as oceans get____47.____(warm). Some corals can recover from bleaching as the water____48.____(cool) in winter, but that is getting less likely as winter ocean temperatures rise too.
Reefs worldwide suffer from____49.____(pollute), overfishing, and other dangers,____50.____scientists say climate change is the biggest threat. They predict that nearly 90 percent of all reefs will disappear by 2050.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。

错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改1。

处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

With time pass by, I will be 18 years old. In other words, I will be a adult. What I want to express most is certainly my appreciate. First of all, I must thank for my parents, with whose care and love I have grown up happily . What's more, I am quite gratefully to the dear teachers I had ever met. It is the teachers have taught me what should be done. Last but not least, having such many lovely friends makes my life quite meaningful. It helps you realize the importance of sharing happiness and sorrow to others. I am sure that I will be better with the love given by others.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

An honest mistake
Karie double -checked the words on her spelling test. If she got 100 percent today, she'd win her class' First-Quarter Spelling Challenge and a brand new dictionary. Plus, Ms. McCormack had promised to do a
handstand if anyone got a perfect score.
Three more words to go. N-i-c-e-l-y. Q-u-i-c-k-l-y. H-o-n-e-s-t-y. Wait! She'd spelled honesty, not honestly. She hurriedly erased the t-y and wrote 1-y before handing in her paper.
Ms. McCormack graded the test papers at the break. Meanwhile,Karie sat restlessly in her seat with her fingers crossed. Then, Ms. McCormack walked to the front of the room and cleared her throat. As if she were an Olympic gymnast, Ms. McCormack's feet flipped in to the air.
“Congratulations, Karie! You did it!” she announced while upside down.
The whole class burst into applause! Ms. McCormack righted herself and presented Karie with her prize. Karie grinned as she read the label on the box：
To Karie Carter, for her perfect first-quarter score in spelling.
“Everything OK?” Mom asked as Karie burst through the front door after school. Karie didn't answer. As if by magic, she took out her spelling test paper and prize and showed them to her mother. Mom hugged her, asking her to put the test paper on the fridge so that Dad could see it when he got home.
Karie took another look at the test paper before putting it on the fridge. Her hands stopped in the mid air. She just couldn't believe her own eyes. Honestly?
YES! H-O-N-E-S-L-Y!
Mom sensed something unusual and asked why. Karie stuffed the test paper into her backpack and explained that she was just too excited. Mom brought her some tea. Yes, a "t" was exactly what she needed.
After drinking a little, Karie plodded down the hall, lost in thought. How could she tell the class she hadn't earned the prize after all? That Ms. McCormack did the handstand for nothing?
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Later Dad came in with excitement.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ The next morning, Karie went to school earlier than usual.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. C
2. D
3. A
4. C
5. A
6. D
7. C
8. B 9. D 10. B 11. A
12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A
16. E 17. C 18. B 19. F 20. G
21. D 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. B 31. C 32.
D 33. A 34. C 35. B 36. A 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. D
41. natural
42. were shocked
43. to see 44. in
45. it 46. a
47. warmer 48. cools
49. pollution
50. but
51.(1).pass→passing；
(2).a→an；
(3).appreciate→appreciation；
(4).去掉my前面的for；
(5).gratefully→grateful；
(6).had→have；
(7).在have前加that/who；
(8).such→so；
(9).you→me；
(10).to→with
52.略。