职称英语理工类A级-52

职称英语理工类A级-52
(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)
一、第1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)
1.The manager allocates duties to the clerks.
A. assigns
B. persuades
C. asks
D. orders
（分数：1.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：
2.It's all advisable idea to get out of the dispute.
A. wise
B. urgent
C. useless
D. proper
（分数：1.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：
3.Your dog needs at least 20 minutes of vigorous exercise every day.
A. energetic
B. physical
C. regular
D. free
（分数：1.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：
4.Our arrangements were thrown into complete turmoil.
A. failure
B. confusion
C. doubt
D. relief
（分数：1.00）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：
5.I have been trying to quit smoking.
A. give up
B. pick up
C. build up
D. take up
（分数：1.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：
6.If I made a mistake, I will try to remedy it.
A. clarify
B. diagnose
C. evaporate
D. correct
（分数：1.00）
A.
B.
C.
D. √
解析：
7.We derive information mainly from the Internet.
A. deprive
B. obtain
C. descend
D. trace
（分数：1.00）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：
8.His sole motive was to make her happy.
A. aim
B. argument
C. capability
D. pursuit
（分数：1.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：
9.He could not tolerate the extremes of heat in the desert.
A. bear
B. hate
C. like
D. criticize
（分数：1.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：
10.These factors interact intimately and cannot be separated.
A. tensely
B. nearly
C. carefully
D. closely
（分数：1.00）
A.
B.
C.
D. √
解析：
11.A new system of quality control was brought in to overcome the defects in the firm's products.
A. invested
B. introduced
C. installed
D. insisted
（分数：1.00）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：
12.Medicine depends on other fields for basic information, particularly some of their specialized branches.
A. conventionally
B. obviously
C. especially
D. inevitably
（分数：1.00）
A.
B.
C. √
D.
解析：
13.We were astonished to hear that their football team had won the champion.
A. amazed
B. amounted
C. amused
D. approached
（分数：1.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：
14.The old concerns lose importance and some of them vanish altogether.
A. develop
B. disappear
C. link
D. renew
（分数：1.00）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：
15.Relief workers were shocked by what they saw.
A. moved
B. touched
C. surprised
D. worried
（分数：1.00）
A.
B.
C. √
D.
解析：
二、第2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)
TV Games Shows
One of the most fascinating things about television is the size of the audience. A novel can be on the "best sellers" list with a sale of fewer than 100,000 copies, but a popular TV show might have 70 million TV viewers. TV can make anything or anyone well known overnight.
This is the principle behind "quiz" or "game" shows, which put ordinary people on TV to play a game for the prize and money. A quiz show can make anyone a star, and it can give away thousands of dollars just for fun. But all of this money can create problems. For instance, in the 1950s, quiz shows were very popular in the US and almost everyone watched them. Charles Van Doren, an English instructor, became rich and famous after winning money on several shows. He even had a career as a television personality. But one of the losers proved that Charles Van Doren was cheating. It turned out that the show's producers, who were pulling the strings, gave the answers to the most popular contestants beforehand. Why? Because if the audience didn't like the person who won the game, they turned the show off. Based on his story, a movie under the title "Quiz Show" is on 40 years later.
Charles Van Doren is no longer involved with TV. But game shows are still here, though they aren't taken as seriously. In fact, some of them try to be as ridiculous as possible. There are shows that send strangers on vacation trips together, or that try to cause newly married couples to fight on TV, or that punish losers by humiliating them. The entertainment now is to see what people will do just to be on TV. People still win money, but the real prize is to be in front of an audience of millions.
（分数：7.00）
(1).TV can make a beggar world famous overnight.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）
A. √
B.
C.
解析：[解析] 关键词为world-famous，overnight。

依据此关键词找到相关语句，为文中第一段最后一句：“TV can make anything or anyone well known overnight.”电视可以使任何事物任何人一夜成名。

故此题说法为“正确”的。

(2).The principle behind "quiz" or "game" shows is to put ordinary people on TV to play a game for prizes and money.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）
A.
B. √
C.
解析：[解析] 关键词为principle。

依据此关键词找到相关语句，为第二段第一句话，“电视智力比赛”背后运作的原理指的是第一段最后一句话所讲的“电视可以使任何事物或任何人一夜成名”，而不是“让普通人上电视参加有奖比赛”。

故此题说法为“错误”的。

(3).Prizes and money are usually provided by TV stars and large companies.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）
A.
B.
C. √
解析：[解析] 关键词为provided。

文中只提到：“电视智力竞赛”的获胜者会得到价值不等的大奖品，并没有提到其来源。

故此说法为“未提及”的。

(4).One of the TV personalities, Charles Van Doren was proved to be cheating by persuading the Show's producers to give him the answers beforehand.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）
A.
B. √
C.
解析：[解析] 关键词为人名Charles Van Doren。

依据此关键词找到相关语句，为第二段中间，由倒数第四句可知，为了吸引观众，节目制片人主动把答案事先告诉了Charles Van Doren。

故此题说法为“错误”的。

(5).The huge scandal of cheating in TV games shows was not exposed until 40 years later in the movie "Quiz Show".
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）
A.
B. √
C.
解析：[解析] 关键词为huge scandal。

依据此关键词可以找到相关语句，为第二段最后两句话。

第二段中间已经提到Charles Van Doren作弊的丑闻被当时一位比赛失败者揭发出来了，而“智力竞赛”这部电影是40年后从中汲取了素材。

故此题说法为“错误”的。

(6).Nowadays game shows are not treated as seriously as they used to be.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）
A. √
B.
C.
解析：[解析] 关键词为treat，seriously。

由此关键词可以找到相关语句，为第三段第二句话。

其中take as与treat的意思相同。

故此题说法为“正确”的。

(7).Winners of present day TV game shows no longer get money from the shows.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）
A.
B. √
C.
解析：[解析] 关键词是money。

由此关键词可以找到相关语句，为文章的结尾处。

由此可知”电视智力竞赛”的获奖者们仍然能获得奖金，但是真正的奖励是在数百万的观众前面亮相。

故此题说法为“错误”的。

三、第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)
Is There a Way to Keep the Britain's Economy Growing
1. In today's knowledge economy, nations survive on the things they do best. Japanese design electronics while Germans export engineering techniques. The French serve, the best food and Americans make computers.
2. Britain specializes in the gift of talking. The nation doesn't manufacture much of anything.
But it has lawyers, stylists and business consultants who earn their living from talk and more talk. The World Foundation think tank says the UK's four iconic jobs today are not scientists, engineers, teachers and nurses. Instead, they're hairdressers, celebrities, management consultants and managers. But can all this talking keep the British economy going? The British government thinks it can.
3. Although the country's trade deficit was more than ￡60 billion in 2006, UK's largest in the postwar period. Officials say the country has nothing to worry about. In fact, Britain does have a world class pharmaceutical industry? And it still makes a small sum from selling arms abroad. It also trades services-accountancy, insurance, banking and advertising. The government believes Britain is on the cutting edge of the knowledge economy. After all, the country of Shakespeare and Wordsworth has a literary tradition of which to be proud. Rock "n" roll is an English language medium, and there are billions to be made by their cutting-edge bands. In other words, the creative economy has plenty of strength to carry the British economy.
4. However, creative industries account for only about 4 percent of UK's exports of goods and services. The industries are finding it hard to make a profit, according to a report of the National Endowment for Science, Technology and the Arts. The report shows only 38 percent of British companies were engaged in "innovation activities", 3 percentage points below the EU average and well below Germany (61 percent) and Sweden (47 percent).
5. In fact, it might be better to call Britain a "servant" economy—there are at least 4 million people "in service". The majority of the population are employed by the rich to cook, clean, and take care of their children. Many graduates are even doing menial jobs for which they do not need a degree. Most employment growth has been, and will continue to be, at the low skill end of the service sector—in shops, bars, hotels, domestic service and in nursing and care homes.
（分数：8.00）
(1).A. Growth of Economy
B. "Servant" Economy
C. Strength of the Creative Economy
D. Weakness of the Creative Economy
E. Gift of Talking
F. Export of Talking Machines
Paragraph 2 ______（分数：1.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：E）
解析：[解析] 第二段的第一句话就是主题句，意思是英国人的特长是有说话的天赋。

接下来就具体说明了说话天赋在经济中的表现，所以此题选择E项。

(2).Paragraph 3 ______（分数：1.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：C）
解析：[解析] 根据第三段的内容可知此段讲了英国的经济实力，莎士比亚、华兹华斯以及摇滚乐团为英国赚到了大量的钱，他们显示了英国创造性经济的力量，所以此题选择C项。

(3).Paragraph 4 ______（分数：1.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：D）
解析：[解析] 第四段的第一句是该段的主题句，意思是说创造力的产业所占英国出口商品和服务的总额不足4%，所以创造性经济是很薄弱的。

由此可见本题选择D项。

(4).Paragraph 5 ______（分数：1.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：B）
解析：[解析] 第五段的第一句是该段的主题句，意思是说称英国经济为“服务型经济”或许更形象些，因为至少有400万人在做服务性工作，所以本题选择B项。

(5).A. to find jobs
B. to do low skill jobs
D. to handle disputes
E. to make a profit
F. to worry about the British economy
Every country has its own way（分数：1.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：C）
解析：[解析] 第一段一句话说在当今这个知识经济的时代，每个国家都靠各自的强项而生存。

由此可见本题选择C项。

(6).The British government doesn't seem（分数：1.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：F）
解析：[解析] 根据第二段最后两句话可知，英国政府认为英国人的说话天赋能让国家的经济运转，所以可见英国政府好像并不担心英国的经济；所以本题选择F项。

(7).The creative industries find it difficult（分数：1.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：E）
解析：[解析] 根据第四段第二句话可知，根据……报告，这些行业越来越发觉盈利不容易。

所以本题选择E项。

(8).Many graduates are employed（分数：1.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：B）
解析：[解析] 根据第五段第三句可知，许多大学生正从事体力劳动，那些工作根本不需要文凭；体力劳动属于没有技术的工作，所以本题选择B项。

四、第4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)
五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)
Late-Night Drinking
Coffee lovers beware. Having a quick "pick-me-up" cup of coffee late in the day will play havoc with your sleep. As well as being a stimulant, caffeine interrupts the flow of melatonin, the brain hormone that sends people into a sleep.
Melatonin levels normally start to rise about two hours before bedtime. Levels then peak between 2 am and 4 am, before falling again. "It's the neurohormone that controls our sleep and tells our body when to sleep and when to wake," says Maurice Ohayon of the Stanford Sleep Epidemiology Research Center at Stanford University in California. But researchers in Israel have found that caffeinated coffee halves the body's levels of this sleep hormone.
Lotan Shilo and a team at the Sapir Medical Center in Tel Aviv University found that six volunteers slept less well after a cup of caffeinated coffee than after drinking the same amount of decal. On average, subjects slept 336 minutes per night after drinking caffeinated coffee, compared with 415 minutes after decal. They also took half an hour to drop off— twice as long as usual—and jigged around in bed twice as much.
In the second phase of the experiment, the researchers woke the volunteers every three hours and asked them to give a urine sample. Shilo measured concentrations of a breakdown product of melatonin. The results suggest that melatonin concentrations in caffeine drinkers were half those in decaf drinkers. In a paper accepted for publication in Sleep Medicine, the researchers suggest that caffeine blocks production of the enzyme that drives melatonin production.
Because it can take many hours to eliminate caffeine from the body, Ohayon recommends that coffee lovers switch to decaf after lunch.
（分数：15.00）
(1).The author mentions "pick-me-up" to indicate that ______.
A. melatonin levels need to be raised
B. neurohormone can wake us up
D. decaf is a caffeinated coffee（分数：3.00）
A.
B.
C. √
D.
解析：[解析] pick-me-up指提神饮料，也就是一种刺激物，在这篇文章里具体指咖啡。

故本题选C。

(2).Which of the following tells us how caffeine affects sleep?
A. Caffeine blocks production of the enzyme that stops melatonin production.
B. Caffeine interrupts the flow of the hormone that prevents people from sleeping.
C. Caffeine halves the body's levels of sleep hormone.
D. Caffeine stays in the body for many hours.（分数：3.00）
A.
B.
C. √
D.
解析：[解析] 第二段第三个句子谈到，“控制我们睡眠的是神经激素”，而这一段的最后一个句子告诉我们“含咖啡因咖啡能使这种睡眠激素减半”。

这正是咖啡因影响睡眠的原理。

故本题选C。

(3).What does Paragraph 3 mainly discuss?
A. Different effects of caffeinated coffee and decal on sleep.
B. Different findings of Lotan Shilo and a team about caffeine.
C. The fact that the subjects slept 415 minutes per night after drinking decaf.
D. The proof that the subjects took half an hour to fall asleep.（分数：3.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：[解析] 第三段涉及的是一个实验，这个实验的目的是测试含咖啡因咖啡和脱咖啡因咖啡对睡眠的影响，该段主要谈论的是这个实验的结果。

故本题选A。

(4).What does the experiment mentioned in Paragraph 4 prove?
A. There are more enzymes in decaf drinkers' urine sample.
B. There are more melatonin concentrations in coffeein drinkers' urine sample.
C. Decaf drinkers produce less melatonin.
D. Caffeine drinkers produce less sleep hormone.（分数：3.00）
A.
B.
C.
D. √
解析：[解析] 第四段是第三段实验的继续，是该实验的第二个阶段。

研究人员通过对志愿者尿样进行化验发现，咖啡因摄入者体内的褪黑激素仅为非咖啡因摄入者的一半。

褪黑激素就是睡眠激素，故本题选D。

(5).The author of this passage probably agrees that ______.
A. coffee lovers sleep less than those who do not drink coffee
B. we should not drink coffee after supper
C. people sleep more soundly at midnight than at 3 am
D. if we feel sleepy at night, we should go to bed immediately（分数：3.00）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：[解析] 文章结尾谈到，“Ohayon建议爱喝咖啡的人午饭后应该换喝脱咖啡因咖啡”。

另外，整个文章都在探讨咖啡因影响睡眠的机理，所以作者大概会同意“晚饭后不应该喝咖啡”的说法。

选项A是一个全称判断，这等于说“所有喜欢喝咖啡的人都比不喝咖啡的人睡觉少”。

这不一定，因为如果咖啡适量，喝咖啡的时间适当，咖啡不会影响睡眠。

所以，作者可能不会同意这种说法。

根据文章第二段第二个句子，选项C是错的。

根据文章第二段第一个句子，我们体内褪黑激素(睡眠激素)的浓度在我们上床时间前两个小时开始上升，而这个时候我们会开始有困意。

反过来说就是，人们并非一有困意就睡觉。

所以，选项D 不是答案。

故本题选B。

六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)
Can Buildings Be Designed to Resist Terrorist Attack
In the aftermath of the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center, structural engineers are trying hard to solve a question that a month ago would have been completely unthinkable: Can building be designed to withstand catastrophic blasts inflicted by terrorists?
Ten days after the terrorist attacks on the twin towers, structural engineers from the University at Buffalo and the Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research (MCEER) headquartered at UB traveled to ground zero as part of a project funded by the National Science Foundation. Visiting the site as part of an MCEER reconnaissance visit, they spent two days beginning the task of formulating ideas about how to design such structures and searching for clues on how to do so in buildings that were damaged, but still are standing.
"Our objective in visiting ground zero was to go and look at the buildings surrounding the World Trade Center, those buildings that are still standing, but that sustained damage," said M. Bruneau, Ph.D. "Our immediate hope is that we can develop a better understanding as to why those buildings remain standing, while our long-term goal is to see whether earthquake engineering technologies can be married to existing technologies to achieve enhanced performance of buildings in the event of terrorist attacks," he added.
Photographs taken by the investigators demonstrate in startling detail the monumental damage inflicted on the World Trade Center towers and buildings in the vicinity. One building a block away from the towers remains standing, but was badly damaged. "This building is many meters away from the World Trade Center and yet we see a column there that used to be part of that building", explained A. Whittaker, Ph. D. "The column became a missile that shot across the road, through the window and through the floor."
The visit to the area also revealed some surprises, according to the engineers. For example, the floor framing systems in one of the adjacent buildings were quite rugged, allowing floors that were pierced by tons of falling debris to remain intact." Highly redundant ductile framing systems may provide a simple, but robust strategy for blast resistance," he added. Other strategies may include providing alternate paths for gravity loads in the event that a load-bearing column fails." We also need a better understanding of the mechanism of collapse, "said A. Whittaker. "We need to find out what causes a building to collapse and how you can predict it."
A. Reinhorn, Ph.D. noted that "earthquake shaking has led to the collapse of many buildings in the past. It induces dynamic response and extremely high stresses and deformations in structural components. Solutions developed for earthquake-resistant design may be directly applicable to blast engineering and terrorist-resistant design. Part of our mission now at UB is to transfer these solutions and to develop new ones where none exist at present. /
（分数：15.00）
(1).The question raised in the first paragraph is one ______.
A. that was asked by structural engineers a month ago
B. that is too difficult for structural engineers to answer even now
C. that was never thought of before the terrorist attack
D. that terrorists are eager to find a solution to（分数：3.00）
A.
B.
C. √
D.
解析：[解析] 第一段中“Would have been completely unthinkable”表明在遭恐怖袭击之前这是不可想象的。

建筑设计能否让建筑具有抵御恐怖袭击的性能，是在一个月前世贸中心受到袭击之前人们从未想过的一个问题。

这是第一段的主要内容。

C项是正确答案，故选C。

(2).The project funded by the National Science Foundation ______.
A. was first proposed by some engineers at UB
B. took about two days to complete
C. was to investigate the damage caused by the terrorist attack
D. was to find out why some buildings could survive the blasts（分数：3.00）
A.
B.
C.
D. √
解析：[解析] 文章没有提及谁首先提出了这个项目，所以选项A排除。

如此大的项目不可能在两天之内完成，第二段最后一句中“they spent two days beginning the task of formulating ideas...”说的是他们花了两天时间开始构思怎样设计出能承受恐怖袭击的建筑结构……而不是完成了此项目，因此B项错误。

对遗址的勘察是手段，目的是找出那些遗留的建筑物虽然遭袭却没有倒掉的线索。

C、D两项相比较，D项正确，故选D。

(3).The column mentioned by Dr. Whittaker ______.
A. was part of the building close to the World Trade Center
B. was part of the World Trade Center
C. was shot through the window and the floor of the World Trade Center
D. damaged many buildings in the vicinity of the World Trade Center（分数：3.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：[解析] 根据关键词column和Dr. Whittaker找到第四段倒数第二句，由“...and yet we see a column there that used to be part of that building”可知，the column是世贸中心附近建筑物上的组成部分，故选A。

(4).A surprising discovery made by the investigators during their visit to ground zero is that ______.
A. floors in the adjacent buildings remain undamaged
B. some floor framing systems demonstrate resistance to explosion
C. simple floor framing systems are more blast resistant
D. floors in one of the adjacent buildings were pierced by tons of debris（分数：3.00）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：[解析] 根据“a surprising discovery”可以定位在第五段。

A项中undamaged与第二句中quite rugged相悖。

B项某些楼板骨架结构抗爆与文中“the floor framing systems...allowing floors that were pierced by tons of failing debris to remain intact”表述的意思相符。

根据第三句，多余的柔
软骨架结构是简单且强有力的抗爆方案，C项简单的楼板骨架结构显然是错误的。

D项文章没有提及，故选B。

(5).What Dr. Reinhorn said in the last paragraph may imply all the following EXCEPT that ______.
A. blast engineers should develop new solutions for terror-resistant design
B. blast engineering can borrow technologies developed for terror-resistant design
C. solutions developed for earthquake-resistant design may apply to terrorist-resistant design
D. blast engineering emerges as a new branch of science（分数：3.00）
A.
B.
C.
D. √
解析：[解析] 第六段最后一句提到“and to develop new ones where none exist at present”，A项是正确的。

最后两句中两个关键词applicable和transfer也都能说明B项和C项是正确的。

但文章并没有说爆炸工程上升为一个新兴的学科，故选D。

七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)
Eat More, Weigh Less, Live Longer
Clever genetic detective work may have found out the reason why a near-starvation diet prolongs the life of many animals.
Ronald Kahn at Harvard Medical School in Boston, US, and his colleagues have been able to extend the lifespan (寿命) of mice by 18 percent by blocking the rodent's (啮齿动物) increase of fat in specific cells. This suggests that thinness-and not necessarily diet-promotes long life in "calorie (热量单位，卡) restricted" animals.
"It's very cool work," says aging researcher Cynthia Kenyon of the University of California, San Francisco. "These mice eat all they want, lose weight and live longer. It's like heaven. " Calorie restriction dramatically extends the lifespan of organisms as different as worms and rodents. Whether this works in humans is still unknown, partly because few people are willing to submit to such a strict diet.
But many researchers hope they will be able to trigger the same effect with a drug once they understand how less food leads to a longer life. One theory is that eating less reduces the increase of harmful things that can damage cells. But Kahn's team wondered whether the animals simply benefit by becoming thin.
To find out, they used biology tricks to disrupt the insulin (胰岛素) receptor (受体) gene in lab mice—but only in their fat cells. "Since insulin is needed to help fat cells store fat, these animals were protected against becoming fat," explains Kahn.
This slight genetic change in a single tissue had dramatic effects. By three months of age, Kahn's modified mice had up to 70 percent less body fat than normal control mice, despite the fact that they ate 55 percent more food per gram of body weight.
In addition, their lifespan increased. The average control mouse lived 753 days, while the thin rodents averaged a lifespan of 887 days. After three years, all the control mice had died, but one-quarter of the modified rodents were still alive.
"That they get these effects by just manipulating the fat cells is controversial, "says Leonard Guarente of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, who studies calorie restriction and aging. But Guarente says Kahn has yet to prove that the same effect is responsible for increased lifespan in calorie restricted animals. "It might be the same effect or there might be two routes to long life," he points out, "and that would be very interesting./
（分数：15.00）
(1).Ronald Kahn and his colleagues can make mice live longer by ______.
A. offering them less food
B. giving them a balanced diet
C. disrupting the specific genes in their fat cells
D. preventing them growing larger（分数：3.00）
A.
B.
C. √
D.
解析：[解析] 这里的定位词可以是Ronald Kahn and his colleagues和mice，在原文第二段中找到相关句：“Ronald Kahn at Harvard Medical School in Boston, US, and his colleagues have been able to extend the lifespan of mice by 18 percent by blocking the rodent's increase of fat in specific cell s.”，其中“extend the lifespan of mice”是“延长老鼠寿命”的意思。

这里的“by blocking the rodent's...”是by引导的方式状语从句。

这里的“fat in specific ceils”恰好对应了选项C的specific genes in their fat cells，故选C。

(2).According to the passage, we do not know whether humans will benefit from taking in fewer calories partly because ______.
A. humans, worms and rodents are different
B. most people are not willing to be put on a strict diet
C. the effect is not known
D. genetic changes in tissues can not be performed on humans（分数：3.00）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：[解析] 关于human的叙述在第四段第二句：“Whether this works in humans is still unknown, partly because few people are willing to submit to such a strict diet.”所以选B。

(3).What does the last sentence in the third paragraph imply?
A. People like to lose weight, but they do not like to eat less.
B. People want to go to heaven, but they do not want to die.
C. Mice will go to heaven if they lose weight.
D. Mice enjoy losing weight.（分数：3.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：[解析] 可以在第三段中找到相应句子，“These mice eat all they want, lose weight and live longer. It's like heaven.”(这些老鼠们吃它们想吃的，还减肥并且还长寿，这简直就是天堂!)将选项翻译出来，发现只有A合适。

这句话的言外之意就是人们减肥但是又不想少吃。

所以mice的这种情况被认为是天堂。

(4).The average modified mouse lived ______.
A. 3 years
B. 753 days
C. more than 3 years
D. 887 days（分数：3.00）
A.
B.
C.
D. √
解析：[解析] 关键词是average modified mouse，在原文倒数第三段第二句找到“The average control mouse lived 753 days, while the thin rodents averaged a lifespan of 887 days.”这里经改良的mouse就是指比较瘦的，所以这里选D项。

(5).What can be inferred from the passage about the route to long life?
A. It remains to be studied.
B. It has already been discovered.
C. Eating more leads to long life.
D. Eating less leads to long life.（分数：3.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：[解析] 关于走向长寿的路径，属于总结性的问题，在最后一段第二句中“'It might be the same effect or there might be two routes to long life,' he points out, 'and that would be very interesting.'”这里作者在effect和routes前都用了might一词，说明还不确定这种效果能不能在人身上体现，所以选项A比较符合题意，故选A。

八、第5部分：补全短文(总题数：1，分数：10.00)
The Value of Motherhood
In shopping malls, the assistants try to push you into buying "a gift to thank her for her unselfish love". When you log onto website, a small pop-up invites you to book a bouquet for her. Commercial warmth and gratitude are the atmosphere being spread around for this special Sunday in May.
(46) The popularity of Mother's Day around the world suggests that Jarvis got all she wanted. In fact, she got more--enough to make her horrified.
(47) They buy, among other things, 132 million cards. Mother's Day is the No. 1 holiday for flower purchases. Then there are the various commodities, ranging from jewelry and clothes to cosmetics and washing powder, that take advantage of the promotion opportunities. Because of this, Jarvis spent the last 40 years of her life trying to stop Mother's Day. One protest against the commercialization Mother's Day even got her arrested—for disturbing the peace, interestingly.
(48) As Ralph Fevre, a reporter at the UK newspaper "The Guardian", observes, traditionally "motherhood is something that we do because we think it's right." But in the logic of commercialism, people need something in exchange for their time and energy. A career serves this purpose better.
(49) So they work hard and play hard. Becoming a mother, however, inevitably handicaps career anticipation.
(50) According to "The Guardian" , there are twice as many child-free young women as there were
a generation ago. Or, they put off the responsibility of parenting until later in their lives. So, Fevre writes that the meaning of celebrating Mother's Day needs to be updated: "It is to persuade people that parenting is a good idea and to honor people for their attempt to be good people. "
A. Commercial warmth and gratitude are the atmosphere being spread as early as 1905, by Anna Jarvis, as a way of recognizing the real value of motherhood.
B. But what's more, commercialism changes young people's attitude towards motherhood.
C. Obviously, the best girl will be a phone call or a visit.
D. According to a research by the US card company Hallmark, 96 percent of American consumers celebrate the holiday.
E. As a result, motherhood has suffered a huge drop in status since the 1950s.
F. In addition, women are being encouraged to pursue any career they desire.
（分数：10.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：A）
解析：[解析] 第一段主要讲了充满商业气氛的母亲节；第二段最后一句说“In fact, she got more-enough to make her horrified.”(事实上，她得到的很多，多得使她感到可怕。

)这句中的she应该指前面一句中提到的人名，在所有的选项中只有A项既和第一段末尾的内容衔接紧密，而且句中也出现了Anna Jarvis 这个人名，因此正确答案为A项。

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：D）
解析：[解析] 由第三段第二句中的card(贺卡)一词，可知前面的一句应该出现过这个词从而引出具体的数据132 million cards，由此可以找到选项D中有card这个词。

而且第二句中的they就是指D项中的“96 percent of American consumers”，因此正确答案为D项。

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：B）
解析：[解析] 第三段主要讲了母亲节中的商业化，以及人们抗议它；第四段主要讲了用商业主义的逻辑考虑，人们对母性发生了改变，因此B项最符合文意，同时它也是第四段的主题句。

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：F）
解析：[解析] 由第五段第二句中的they可以推测指的是妇女；第四段末尾说到“职业可以更好地达到这一目的”，所以F项与它衔接的最紧密，因此正确答案为F项。

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：E）
解析：[解析] 第六段主要讲了现在没有孩子的年轻妇女是上一代的两倍，她们把养育子女的责任推迟到晚年。

这说明母性的地位没有以前重要了。

选项E正是对这一点的高度概括，因此E项为正确答案。

九、第6部分：完形填空(总题数：1，分数：15.00)
The Old Gate
In the Middle Ages the vast majority of European cities had walls around them. This was partly for defensive (51) but another factor was the need to keep out anyone regarded as undesirable, like people with contagious (52) . The Old City of London gates were all (53) by the end o the 18th century. The last of London's gates was removed a century ago, but by a (54) of luck, it was never destroyed.
This gate is, in (55) fact, not called a gate at all; its name is Temple Bar, and it marked the (56) between the Old City of London and Westminster. In 1878 the Council of London took the Bar down, numbered the stones and put the gate in (57) because its design was (58) it was expensive to (59) and it was blocking the traffic.
The Temple Bar Trust was (60) in the 1970's with the intention of returning the gate home. The aim of the trust is the (61) of the nation's architectural heritage.
Transporting the gate will mean physically pulling it (62) , stone by stone, removing and rebuilding it near St Paul's Cathedral. Most of the facade of the gate will probably be (63) , though there is a good (64) that the basic structure will be sound. The hardest (65) of all, however, will be to recreate the statues of the monarchs that once stood on top of the gate.
（分数：15.00）
(1).A. grounds B. reasons C. causes D. purposes（分数：1.00）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：[解析] 本题考查名词辨析。

根据第一段第二句“this is partly for defensive”这(城墙)一方面是为了抵御外敌……，for为介词，表示目的。

for...reason表示“为了…的原因”，所以B项reason(原因)为正确选项。

(2).A. njuries B. symptoms C. colds D. diseases（分数：1.00）
A.
B.。