重庆市北碚区2017高考英语一轮训练 unit working the land 新人教版选修4

Unit Working the land
Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.
Research has become both simpler and more complex. It's simpler because, 1 you have a computer, you can find information you need by searching the Internet. For all your information, you don't have to go to 2 library to find the relevant resource and take notes on it. Instead, you can find some sources from the Internet 3 print the copies needed.Remember, however, that you should usually consult different types of sources. That is, you 4 always rely just on the Internet for your research.
While finding information is easier than ever, at the same time, researching has become 5 complex. There is a lot more material available, which means you may be overwhelmed 6 the amount of information. You need to learn 7 to sort through and find the relevant information for your particular project. Also, 8 need to check the accuracy of it.
【语篇导读】随着电脑和因特网的出现，研究变得既简单又复杂。

一方面，我们不必像以
往一样在书中搜索资料，这为我们提供了极大的方便；另一方面，网络中众多的资料良莠不齐，选择准确的信息使我们的工作变得愈加复杂。

1．if [考查状语从句。

根据句意，如果你有了电脑，你可以通过上网获得所需的信息。

] 2．the [考查冠词。

go to the library去图书馆；in the library 在图书馆。

]
3．and [考查连词。

and 连接并列谓语find和print。

]
4．shouldn't [考查情态动词。

根据上文你应该(should)查阅不同的资料。

]
5．more [考查形容词比较级。

参见上文第一句more complex。

]
6．with [考查介词。

be overwhelmed with 面临，陷入。

]
7．how [考查疑问词。

根据句意，你需要学习如何分类并找到特定任务的相关信息。

]how to do 是含有疑问词的不定式，在此处作宾语。

]
8．you [考查代词。

参见上文You need to learn how to sort through... ]
一、单句语法填空
1．(2015·安徽，阅读B)Their ________ (expand)business became a large corporation in 1996.
2．People from all the corners came to the city center，________ (make)it very crowded. 3．(2015·陕西，完形)________ (satisfy)that I'd done a good job，I would happily return the comb to Dad.
4．With all his attention ________ (focus)on his experiment，he has no time to spend with his family.
5．(2015·湖南，阅读表达)College is when we should focus ________ a specific major，but high school is when we have to figure it out.
6．(2015·浙江，六选五)You and the professor will be able to examine specific points that are ________ (confuse)to you.
7．Dina，____________(struggle)for months to find a job as a waitress，finally took a position at a local advertising agency.
8．(2015·江苏，阅读A)Always get rid ________ your rubbish properly and recycle waste(e.g.，glass，paper)where possible.
9．(2015·安徽，完形)Changing our spending habits may be the best way ________ (reduce)the amount of rubbish.
10．Modern science has given clear evidence ________ smoking can lead to many diseases.
答案
1.expanding
2.making
3.Satisfied
4.focused 5．on
6.confusing
7.having struggled
8.of
9.to reduce 10.that
二、完形填空
In the last 20 years of my life, I have been interested in self-improvement and applying it to myself in many ways. And of course all through that time I have learnt a lot and made it much 1 .
So in the last 3 months I seem to have reached this 2 high level. I feel a miracle has happened to me, in fact the other day I couldn't stop staring at myself in the 3 making sure all these wonderful things were happening to me! Then I cried a small 4 , not because of what I looked like, but because I was so 5 for the person I had become.
Several things have happened to make me 6 ensure that my track in life has truly 7 . I moved back to my hometown after being away a decade and was astonished that so many people 8 my name in a nice way, greeted me and 9 me back. And over the next 3 months they were excited for my growth. At the 10 where I exhibit today, people come over and greet me, I see the 11 on their faces when they talk to me frankly and 12 . Thus I think they are 13 my expression or style. I know I give them a good feeling at the fairs not just from keeping my expression open, understanding, kind but with a 14
smile in all the right places. But now I do feel that what I have done for the people may bring them a bit of sympathy.
And most of all I believe in the mirror 15 . I have ever been doing the hard work, improving myself and now I feel it's coming back to me in absolute roads and I am considered to be a man of great culture.
文章大意:本文主要讲述作者20年来一直注重自我形象的提升，并通过隐性例子说明镜子效应的积极意义。

1. A. easier B. healthier C. happier D. better
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词及上下文的呼应。

easier更容易的； healthier更健康的；
happier更高兴的； better更好的。

根据上句的self-improvement与 I have learnt a lot 可知在所有的时间里我学到东西更多并且做的更好，故选D。

2. A. wonderful B. helpful C. useful D. harmful
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词及上下文的呼应。

wonderful奇妙的； helpful有帮助的； useful有用的； harmful有害的。

从下句的a miracle与all these wonderful things可知在最后的三个月我似乎已经达到了美妙的高水平，故选A。

3. A. window B. mirror C. area D. road
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词及上下文的呼应。

window窗子； mirror 镜子； area地区； road路。

从下句的looked like与staring提供的语境，再结合最后段的I believe in the mirror...我不断地在镜子里看着自己，故选B。

4. A. sorrow B. fear C. tear D. voice
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词及上下文的呼应。

sorrow悲伤； fear害怕； tear眼泪； voice声音。

tear是动词cried的同源宾语。

我哭了不是因为我的长相，故选C。

5. A. hopeful B. anxious C. grateful D. proud
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词及上下文的呼应。

hopeful有希望的； anxious焦虑的； grateful感谢的； proud自豪的。

我哭不是因为我的外表而是因为我是如此的感激是我自己，故选C。

6. A. nearly B. really C. hardly D. equally
【答案】B
【解析】考查副词及上下文的呼应。

nearly几乎，将近； really实际上； hardly几乎不；equally同样地。

该段第一句为主题句。

从下文细节可知：作者真的确信生活道路的改变。

故选B。

7. A. appeared B. improved C. moved D. changed
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词及上下文的呼应。

appeared出现； improved提高； moved移动； changed 改变。

强调生活道路真的改变。

从句主语my track与 truly changed搭配，从下文意义分析，与improved搭配不合适。

故选D。

8. A. remembered B. recognized C. called D. reminded
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词及上下文的呼应。

remembered记住； recognized认出； called打电话；reminded提醒。

我在离开家十年后回到了故乡惊奇地发现有许多人竟然还记得我的名字，故选A。

9. A. took B. welcomed C. turned D. got
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词及上下文的呼应。

took拿； welcomed欢迎； turned变成； got到达。

从in a nice way, greeted me 可知和我打招呼欢迎我，故选B。

10. A. markets B. trades C. halls D. fairs
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词及上下文的呼应。

markets市场； trades 交易； halls大厅； fairs 展览会，集市。

从exhibit和下三句的I know I give them a good feeling at the fairs，故选D。

11. A. expression B. impression C. confusion D. emotion
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词及上下文的呼应。

expression表情； impression 印象； confusion 混乱； emotion情感。

当他们坦率地又真诚地给我说话时，我看见他们脸上的表情，故选A。

12. A. slowly B. sincerely C. loudly D. annually
【答案】B
【解析】考查副词及上下文的呼应。

slowly慢慢地； sincerely真诚地； loudly大声地；annually每年。

当他们坦率地又真诚地给我说话时，我看见他们脸上的表情，故选B。

13. A. copying B. shaping C. showing D. learning
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词及上下文的呼应。

copying模仿，复制； shaping塑造； showing展示；learning学习。

因此我认为他们是在模仿我的表情和风格，故选A。

14. A. brave B. quiet C. sweet D. simple
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词及上下文的呼应。

brave 勇敢的； quiet安静的； sweet悦耳的； simple 简单地。

根据a good feeling可知甜甜地微笑，故选C。

15. A. value B. reflection C. effect D. function
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词及上下文的呼应。

value评价； reflection反射； effect影响； function 功能，作用。

我们都相信镜子的作用，故选C。

三、阅读理解
A
Why should mankind explore space? Why should money, time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits? Why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on Earth? These are questions that, understandably, are very often asked.
Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup(基因构成) as human beings. What drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? The wider the spread of a species, the better its chance of survival. Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible.
Nearly every successful civilization has explored, because by doing so, any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for. Without knowledge, we may be completely destroyed by the danger. With knowledge, we can lessen its effects. Exploration also allows minerals and other potential(潜在的) resources to be found. Even if we have no immediate need of them, they will perhaps be useful later. Resources may be more than physical possessions. Knowledge or techniques have been acquired through exploration. The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives. We have already benefited from other
spin­offs including improvements in earthquake prediction, in satellites for weather forecas ting and in communications systems. Even non­stick pans and mirrored sunglasses are by­products(副产品) of technological developments in the space industry!
While many resources are spent on what seems a small return, the exploration of space allows creative, brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us. While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers. The danger exists, but knowledge can help human beings to survive. Without the ability to reach out across space, the chance to save ourselves might not exist.
While Earth is the only planet known to support life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets. It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future.
本文是一篇议论文，向我们阐述了人类进行太空探索的原因。

人类的基因构成决定了人类探索其他领域包括太空的能力。

人类探索太空可能暂时没有多大用处，但是在将来这可能会帮助人类生存下去。

1．Why does the author mention the questions in Paragraph 1?
A．To express his doubts. B．To compare different ideas.
C．To introduce points for discussion. D．To describe the conditions on Earth. 答案：C。

推理判断题。

作者在第一段提出问题目的是引出下面要讨论的话题。

2．What is the reason for exploring space based on Paragraph 2?
A．Humans are nature­born to do so.
B．Humans have the tendency to fight.
C．Humans may find new sources of food.
D．Humans don't like to stay in the same place.
答案：A。

细节理解题。

根据第二段的第一句可知人类探索太空的原因是其基因的构成。

3．The underlined word “spin­offs” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to ________. A．survival chances B．potential resources
C．unexpected benefits D．physical possessions
答案：C。

词义猜测题。

后面所说的“improvements in earthquake prediction，in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems”可知此处的划线短语意为“益处，好处”。

4．What makes it possible for humans to live on other planets?
A．Our genetic makeup. B．Resources on the earth.
C．The adaptive ability of humans. D．By­products in space exploration.
答案：C。

细节理解题。

根据最后一段的第一句话可知，人类的适应能力会让人类在其他星球生存下去。

5．Which of the statements can best sum up the passage?
A．Space exploration has created many wonders.
B．Space exploration provides the best value for money.
C．Space exploration can benefit science and technology.
D．Space exploration may help us avoid potential problems on Earth.
答案：D。

主旨大意题。

A、B两项可以容易地排除。

全文主要讲的是太空探索对帮助人类生存的益处，而不是对科技的益处。

B
Intellectual property (IP) is a product of the mind that has commercial value．The concept dates back to 1623,when the first patent law to protect IP rights was passed．IP rights protect an artist from having his/her creative ideas copied by another．For example, if somebody generates an idea for a novel, that idea is protected by IP rights．If someone else wishes to represent the idea or develop it further, he/she must consult the original artists, who will normally be rewarded financially for its use．Back in the 17th century, IP rights were primarily carried out to protect newly developed manufacturing processes against stealing, but today, intellectual property rights, are also enjoyed by those who create music, art and literature．
In recent years, IP rights have been the focus of a great deal of discussion because of a technology which looks set to weaken them altogether: the Internet．Many years ago, if you wanted a recording of a song, you would have to purchase it from a music store; if a novel, from a book store．In those days, IP rights were easily protected since it was very difficult to obtain intellectual property without paying for it．However, a lot of IP, including songs, films, books and artwork, can be downloaded today free of charge using the Internet．This practice has now taken the world by storm, dramatically affecting the way in which we view IP rights．
1．According to the writer, in the beginning, IP rights were mainly of use to ____ __．
A．those creating music, art and literature
B．novelists
C．engineers and inventors
D．those not receiving financial reward for their work
2．What do we know about the Internet according to the passage?
A．It makes IP rights harder to protect．
B．It sells songs and films．
C．It does not affect the way we understand IP rights．
D．It prevents the production of artwork．
3．According to Paragraph 2, what has “taken the world by storm”? A．Intellectual property rights． B．The Internet．
C．Free downloading． D．The large number of songs, films and books．4．A possible title for this passage could be _____ _．
A．A History of IP Rights B．Ways to Protect Your IP Rights
C．The Present and the Future of IP D．IP Rights and Our Attitudes
【参考答案】1—4、C A C D
四、七选五
【北京市东城区2014高考英语调研检测题】
（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余
选项。

Teen peer pressure
Teen peer pressure is the influence a teen's social group has on him or her. As adolescents enter the teen years, they usually begin to focus more on their peers or friends. 71 Peers influence most aspects of a teen's life, including how teens dress, what music they listen to, and what kind of activities they are involved in.
72 Good friends can encourage teens to do well in school, get involved in positive activities, volunteer, eat healthy foods, and avoid drugs, alcohol, and other risky activities. Friends also help teens learn good social skills and better ways to communicate and work out problems. 73
Negative peer pressure is when teens feel pressured to do something they know is wrong, such as smoking, drinking, stealing, or cutting class. 74 This is because they want to be liked or fit in, they are afraid of being made fun of, or they want to try something other teens are doing.
It is important for teens to learn how to deal with peer pressure. There are a lot of things a teen can do to handle it. 75 Good friends use positive peer pressure to help you be your best self. Also you need to think about the consequences of your decisions and actions, such as if an activity might harm your health or get you into trouble. Or you can talk to your parents or a trusted adult about the kinds of peer pressure you face and listen to their advice. Remember that if just one teen stands up against negative peer pressure, usually others will join him or her, and learning to handle peer pressure gives teens more confidence.
Peer pressure is not always bad.
They always give teens good advice.
Teens may give in to negative peer pressure.
Why it is important to deal with negative peer pressure?
First of all, teens need to recognize negative peer pressure.
For example, you can choose good friends who share your values.
The desire to fit in with peers can be a very strong influence on teens.
【参考答案】（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
71．G 72．A 73．B 74．C 75．F。