将RestTemplate的编码格式改为UTF-8,防止乱码问题

将RestTemplate的编码格式改为UTF-8,防⽌乱码问题⽬录
RestTemplate编码格式改为UTF-8,防⽌乱码
RestTemplate 中⽂乱码配置
先看说如何解决
再看看为什么会乱码
RestTemplate编码格式改为UTF-8,防⽌乱码
我是在调⽤微信的API 的时候发现微信给我返回的⽤户数据不能够正常显⽰昵称，昵称都是乱码。

//修改RestTemplate的编码格式为UTF-8
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> httpMessageConverters = restTemplate.getMessageConverters();
httpMessageConverters.stream().forEach(httpMessageConverter -> {
if(httpMessageConverter instanceof StringHttpMessageConverter){
StringHttpMessageConverter messageConverter = (StringHttpMessageConverter) httpMessageConverter;
messageConverter.setDefaultCharset(Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
}
//发送请求
String jsonStr = restTemplate.getForEntity(url, String.class).getBody();
上⾯的代码中很简单的写出来了，直接⾃⼰分装成⼀个⽅法就好。

这样就解决了中⽂的乱码问题了RestTemplate 中⽂乱码配置
restTemplate作为spring web client下的⼀个⼯具类对http请求做了⼀层封装，⽤起来也更加简洁容易，但最近遇到⼀个问题就是在发送请求时由于请求中包含中⽂导致乱码，都变成⼀堆问号，⽹上很多解决⽅案，但很多都⽐较…..
先看说如何解决
@Bean配置⽅法：
@Bean
public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
restTemplate.getMessageConverters().set(1, new StringHttpMessageConverter(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
return restTemplate;
}
applicationContext.xml配置⽅法：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="/schema/beans /schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"
default-autowire="byName" default-lazy-init="true">
<!--⽅式⼀、使⽤jdk的实现-->
<bean id="ky.requestFactory" class="org.springframework.http.client.SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory">
<property name="readTimeout" value="10000"/>
<property name="connectTimeout" value="5000"/>
</bean>
<bean id="simpleRestTemplate" class="org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate">
<constructor-arg ref="ky.requestFactory"/>
<property name="messageConverters">
<list>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.FormHttpMessageConverter"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.xml.MappingJackson2XmlHttpMessageConverter"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>text/plain;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
然后在使⽤的地⽅⾃动注⼊就好啦~~
再看看为什么会乱码
public RestTemplate() {
this.messageConverters.add(new ByteArrayHttpMessageConverter());
this.messageConverters.add(new StringHttpMessageConverter());
this.messageConverters.add(new ResourceHttpMessageConverter());
this.messageConverters.add(new SourceHttpMessageConverter<Source>());
this.messageConverters.add(new AllEncompassingFormHttpMessageConverter());
if (romePresent) {
this.messageConverters.add(new AtomFeedHttpMessageConverter());
this.messageConverters.add(new RssChannelHttpMessageConverter());
}
if (jaxb2Present) {
this.messageConverters.add(new Jaxb2RootElementHttpMessageConverter());
}
if (jackson2Present) {
this.messageConverters.add(new MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter());
}
else if (jacksonPresent) {
this.messageConverters.add(new MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter());
}
}
从RestTemplate 构造⽅法可以看出restTemplate默认的messageConverters有好⼏个，这次的主⾓是StringHttpMessageConverter：
public class StringHttpMessageConverter extends AbstractHttpMessageConverter<String> {
public static final Charset DEFAULT_CHARSET = Charset.forName("ISO-8859-1");
private final Charset defaultCharset;
private final List<Charset> availableCharsets;
private boolean writeAcceptCharset = true;
/**
* A default constructor that uses {@code "ISO-8859-1"} as the default charset.
* @see #StringHttpMessageConverter(Charset)
*/
public StringHttpMessageConverter() {
this(DEFAULT_CHARSET);
}
/**
* A constructor accepting a default charset to use if the requested content
* type does not specify one.
*/
public StringHttpMessageConverter(Charset defaultCharset) {
super(new MediaType("text", "plain", defaultCharset), MediaType.ALL);
this.defaultCharset = defaultCharset;
this.availableCharsets = new ArrayList<Charset>(Charset.availableCharsets().values());
}
/**
* Indicates whether the {@code Accept-Charset} should be written to any outgoing request.
* <p>Default is {@code true}.
*/
public void setWriteAcceptCharset(boolean writeAcceptCharset) {
this.writeAcceptCharset = writeAcceptCharset;
}
@Override
public boolean supports(Class<?> clazz) {
return String.class.equals(clazz);
}
@Override
protected String readInternal(Class<? extends String> clazz, HttpInputMessage inputMessage) throws IOException { Charset charset = getContentTypeCharset(inputMessage.getHeaders().getContentType());
return StreamUtils.copyToString(inputMessage.getBody(), charset);
}
@Override
protected Long getContentLength(String s, MediaType contentType) {
Charset charset = getContentTypeCharset(contentType);
try {
return (long) s.getBytes(()).length;
}
catch (UnsupportedEncodingException ex) {
// should not occur
throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
}
}
@Override
protected void writeInternal(String s, HttpOutputMessage outputMessage) throws IOException {
if (this.writeAcceptCharset) {
outputMessage.getHeaders().setAcceptCharset(getAcceptedCharsets());
}
Charset charset = getContentTypeCharset(outputMessage.getHeaders().getContentType());
StreamUtils.copy(s, charset, outputMessage.getBody());
}
/**
* Return the list of supported {@link Charset}.
* <p>By default, returns {@link Charset#availableCharsets()}. Can be overridden in subclasses.
* @return the list of accepted charsets
*/
protected List<Charset> getAcceptedCharsets() {
return this.availableCharsets;
}
private Charset getContentTypeCharset(MediaType contentType) {
if (contentType != null && contentType.getCharSet() != null) {
return contentType.getCharSet();
}
else {
return this.defaultCharset;
}
}
}
可以看到StringHttpMessageConverter默认是ISO-8859-1编码（有空可以看下别的MessageConverter其实都是UTF-8的），所以就把它改了就好啦~
以上为个⼈经验，希望能给⼤家⼀个参考，也希望⼤家多多⽀持。