2020年广州市邝维煜纪念中学高三英语期末试题及答案解析

2020年广州市邝维煜纪念中学高三英语期末试题及答案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
One day when I was 12, my mother gave me an order: I was to walk to the public library, and borrow at least one book for the summer. This was one more weapon for her to defeat my strange problem inability to read.
In the library,I found my way into the "Children's Room." I sat down on the floor and pulled a few books off the shelf at random. The cover of a book caught my eye. It presented a picture of a beagle. I had recently had a beagle, the first and only animal companion I ever had as a child. He was my secret sharer, but one morning, he was gone, given away to someone who had the space and the money to care for him. I never forgot my beagle. Without opening the book—Amos, the Beagle with a Plan ,1 borrowed it from the library for the summer.
Under the shade of a bush, I started to read about Amos. I read very, very slowly with difficulty. Though pages were turned slowly, I got the main idea of the story about a dog who, like mine, had been separated from his family and who finally found his way back home. That dog was my dog, and I was the little boy in the book. At the end of the story, my mind continued the final scene of reunion, on and on, until my own lost dog and I were, in my mind, running together.
My mother's call returned me to the real world. I suddenly realized something: I had read a book, and I had loved reading that book.
I never told my mother about my “miraculous” experience that summer, but she saw a slow but remarkable improvement in my classroom performance during the next year. And years later ,she was proud that her son had read thousands of books, was awarded a PhD in literature, and authored his own books, articles, poetry and fiction. The power of the words has held.
1. The author's mother told him to borrow a book in order to ________.
A. let him spend a meaningful summer
B. encourage him to do more walking
C. help cure him of his reading problem
D. make him learn more about weapons
2. The book caught the author's eye because .
A. it reminded him of his own dog
B. he found its title easy to understand
C. it contained pretty pictures of animals
D. he liked children's stories very much
3. Which one could be the best title of the passage?
A. Mum's Strict Order.
B. My Passion forReading.
C. Reunion with My Beagle.
D. The Charm of a Book.
B
Remember when your mom told you not to eat too many candy bars or sweets because they can cause tooth decay (蛀牙)? However, it turns out that chocolate can be moresalutaryto your teeth than you might expect. Recent studies show that chocolate can effectively fight against tooth decay, as if we need another excuse to eat chocolate.
Chocolate offers protection like fluoride, a main ingredient in most household toothpastes. Not only does chocolate protect our teeth, but it can do so very effectively. Studies show that chocolate has compounds that provide strong protection for teeth. One of the compounds in chocolate, CBH, is shown to protect even more effectively than fluoride.
Tooth decay happens when bacteria work to turn sugar into acids in our mouth. This is why eating foods with high sugar content can lead to more tooth decay. The compounds in chocolate, however, are anti-bacteria and can fight against bacteria in your mouth. The CBH compound in particular also works to strengthen tooth enamel (牙釉质), andprotects against tooth decay.
Does this mean you can cat as much chocolate as you want without worrying about your teeth? It depends on the types of chocolate that you like. The protective effect of chocolate is most effective when you chew on cocoa beans. Of course, this option is not very appealing to; most people. A more tasty option is to choose dark chocolate with little sugar content, ideally no more than 6 to 8 grams per serving. For other types of chocolate with higher sugar content, the effect will be lessened. However, because of the protective compounds, it is still better for your teeth than other sweets and desserts containing the same amount of sugar.
4. The word “salutary” in paragraph 1 means?
A. Beneficial.
B. Harmful.
C. Familiar.
D. Useless.
5. What can we know about the compound CBH in chocolate?
A. It can help chocolate cure tooth decay.
B. It can effectively stop teeth from decaying.
C. It may protect teeth better than toothpastes do.
D. It may soon replace most household toothpastes.
6. How does chocolate fight tooth decay?
A. By breaking down acids.
B. By building up compounds.
C. By fixing up tooth enamel.
D. By fighting against bacteria.
7. What's the main idea of the text?
A. Chocolate plays the role of toothpaste.
B. Chocolate protects against tooth decay.
C. Chocolate is the best choice for teeth protection.
D. Chocolate is healthier to teeth than other sweets.
C
The world's largest iceberg is floating toward South Georgia in the southernAtlantic Ocean. Scientists fear the iceberg could crash into the island and block major feeding areas for a large population of penguins and seals. If the iceberg hits the island, it could prevent the penguins and seals from reaching food supplies.
The huge iceberg is named A68a. It broke away fromAntarctica's Larsen C Ice Shelf in 2017. Satellite images show the iceberg has remained in one piece. It is estimated to be about 150 kilometers long and 48 kilometers wide. It is traveling at one kilometer per hour and is on a path to hitSouth Georgiain around 30 days.
This is the time of year when seals and penguins spend a lot of time caring for their young. The distance that parents have to travel to find food is crucial. That means they have to go a lot further or go around the iceberg to find sources of food.
Ecologists say an iceberg crash would also disturb materials settled on the seabed, possibly polluting the surrounding seas. As the iceberg melts, it would also release large amounts of fresh water into the ocean. This could affect krill（磷虾）populations that are a major source of food for the island's wildlife. The iceberg could remain for up to 10 years and change the area's whole ecosystem. These are globally significant populations of these species. If these species fail in this particular area, then the numbers globally are going to go down quite dramatically.
Professor Geraint Tarling, an ecologist at the British Antarctic Survey, said, "The breaking off of icebergs fromAntarcticais a natural process. But the process is changing with climate change. What we're seeing with models and some observations now is that this is happening at an increasing rate. And so, this might become more of a usual thing in the future."
8. Why are the scientists worried about the coming iceberg crash?
A. It will bring extremely cold weather.
B. It will destroy the feeding areas of the animals.
C. It will put wildlife on the island at risk of starving.
D. It will prevent animals from moving to other places.
9. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. The characteristic of the iceberg.
B. The importance of the iceberg.
C. The traveling speed of the iceberg.
D. The forming process of the iceberg.
10. What damage can an iceberg crash bring according to paragraph 4?
A. Using up much fresh water.
B. Polluting the surrounding farms.
C. Changing the world's ecosystem.
D. Affecting the number of certain species.
11. How does Tarling think of the breaking off of icebergs fromAntarctica?
A. It may slow down in the near future.
B. It may become common in the future.
C. It has a great influence on the climate.
D. It helps scientists conduct a sea study.
D
Nowadays organic food hasbecome a fashion. Organic food sales reached a record of $ 45.2 billion in 2017, making it one of the fastest-growing parts of American agriculture. Some people may buy organic food for these reasons like resource cycling and biodiversity, but most people may choose organic food because they think it's healthier. While a small number of studies have shown relationships between eating organic food and reducing risks of being ill, no studies, up to now, have answered the question whether eating organic food can improve health.
According to the United States Department of Agriculture(USDA), organic food does not suggest anything about health. In 20155 Miles McEvoy, then chief of the National Organic Program for the USDA, refused to admit any health benefits of organic food, saying the question has nothing to do with the National Organic Program. Instead, the USDA thinks that organic refers to a production method that increases cycling of resources keeps ecological balance, and protects biodiversity.
I'm an environmental health scientist who has spent over 20 years studying pesticides that do harm to human beings. Several years ago, I was part of the study on whether an organic diet can reduce pesticide exposure. This
study focused on a group of pesticides which have always been harmful to children's brain development. We found that children who ate traditional diets had nine times higher exposure to these pesticides than children who ate organic diets.
Last month, I published a small study that suggested a path forward to answering the question whether eating organic food actually improves health. My study got a lot of attention. While the results were novel, they didn't answer the big question. As I toldThe New York Timesin 2003, “What does this really mean for the safety of my kids? But we don't know. Nobody does. It was true then, and it's still true now.”
12. Why do most people prefer to buy organic food?
A. For its health benefits.
B. For biodiversity.
C. For its delicious taste.
D. For resource cycling.
13. What does the USDA suggest about organic food?
A. It can improve people's health.
B. It is produced in an environment-friendly way.
C. It can reduce risks of being ill.
D. It has nothing to do with the National Organic Program.
14. What can be concluded from the author's study?
A. Pesticides don't harm children's brain.
B. Traditional diets benefit people's health.
C. Organic diets can reduce pesticide exposure.
D. The results are meaningful to children's safety.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A.What Is Organic Food?
B. Is Organic Food Healthier?
C. How Should We Avoid Pesticides?
D. What Are the Benefits of Organic Food?
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
How to be successful in college
Nearly every college student hates cram (填鸭式) sessions.____16____And while there’s no guaranteed roadmap to success in college, changing your study habits and adjusting your approach to your classes canmake a big difference. The following tips are a great place to start.
Use two notebooks. Bring one notebook with you to class and use it to write down everything you can. After class, copy your notes into your second notebook. Take your time with these notes like highlighting key points. The two-notebook method will help you memorize information you might otherwise forget within days. Reviewing all the new materials immediately after the lecture will keep it fresh in your mind.____17____
Find a study partner. Make friends with someone in your class and schedule a regular study
session.____18____Think of the process like storytelling--turn your homework into stories and tell those stories to each other. In addition to making a new friend, you and your study partner will keep each other accountable all term long.
____19____And not just when you’re struggling. Open lines of communication with your professor early so that when questions arise, your professor will know you have a great interest in the class and the material. Developing strong relationships with teachers will also help you if you are considering applying for scholarships.
Consider a part-time job. If you are having trouble managing your study time, you might think getting a job will only worsen the problem.____20____That's because the experience improves time management skills.
A.Change locations.
B.Go to office hours.
C.Review complex information and explain it to each other.
D.Besides, short study breaks are known to improve concentration.
E.Plus, writing things down instead of typing them leads to better memory.
F.High-stress study sessions can have harmful effects on both your grades and your health.
G.However, research suggests that students who work part time while in school tend to get better grades.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Loida Guillen Strong couldn't be prouder of her mom Mercedes，who has always put her family first.
Growing up in the Dominican Republic , Mercedes wanted to become a___21___. But when her father died, she must make a___22___choice:stay in school or take care of her brother and sister. She___23___the latter.
As an adult, Mercedes___24___her dream once again to raise Loida and her brother. Their family eventually moved to America, where Mercedes wasted no opportunity to___25___the importance of a good education. She may have___26___to leave school , but she wanted more for her kids.
Thanks to her mom's___27___，Loida grew up to become a doctor, which was her mom's childhood dream. After___28___for 10 years and saving some money，she thought it was her___29___to make her mom proud!____30____,she began to study for a doctor's degree. But Loida____31____to keep it asecret from her mom---for nearly three years !
____32____,on August l, 2020, the time came to____33____her mom. Loida called her mother,____34____that she was ill in the University of Central Florida's College of Nursing. When Mercedes rushed inside____35____and saw Loida standing in a cap and gown(长袍). After learning the____36____, the
excited mom fell to her knees. That was a____37____for Loida and herself!
Loida told her,"It is you that____38____me complete my dream. I want you to know that your____39____sacrifice is not in vain. "
Let's send Loida and Mercedes our____40____! They've both worked so hard to make this dream come true !
21. A. doctor B. teacher C. merchant D. politician
22. A. wrong B. possible C. quick D. difficult
23. A. created B. chose C. learnt D. lost
24. A. searched for B. gave away C. put aside D. picked out
25. A. ignore B. remember C. stress D. evaluate
26. A. had B. expected C. happened D. agreed
27. A. influence B. success C. background D. challenge
28. A. waiting B. studying C. working D. resting
29. A. chance B. turn C. curiosity D. interest
30. A. Still B. Even C. Again D. Then
31. A. hesitated B. decided C. failed D. promised
32. A. Quickly B. Naturally C. Finally D. Temporarily
33. A. meet B. surprise C. support D. attract
34. A. lying B. responding C. repeating D. Predicting
35. A. by mistake B. by chance C. in the end D. in a hurry
36. A. truth B. growth C. faith D. strength
37. A. memory B. habit C. dream D. fact
38. A. arranged B. meant C. proved D. helped
39. A. familiar B. unselfish C. unknown D. similar
40. A.explanations B. messages C. gifts D. congratulations
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
A lot of films have tried to describe the afterlife and our memories of family members,____41.____few have done as well as Coco, Disney Pixar’s____42.____(late) masterpiece animation, which hit the big screen on Nov. 24, 2017.
___43.___(inspire) by the Mexican holiday of Dia de los Muertos — Day of the Dead — the film’s production
team created a young boy, Miguel, who wants his family to understand his love of music.____44.____that year’s Dia de los Muertos,_____45._____accident takes him to the Land of the Dead. In this land, there are friendly skeletons who can cross a bridge made of flower petals to visit their living family — that is, as long as their family still puts their photos on the family shrine (神龛). Those spirits who____46.____(forget) by their family will disappear completely. So it’s in this magical world____47.____Miguel gets to meet and discover the truth about his great-great-grandpa.
In an era____48.____young people are so____49.____(easy) attracted by celebrities, Coco reveals the emptiness of such flattery, teaching kids to preserve and respect the memory of their elders while_____50._____(remind) them that the source of true creativity is so often personal.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Kobe Bryant, 37, in April 14, 2016 played the final game of his 20-year career, ends an era with five championships, 18 All-Star game appearance. He showed an amazing 60 points in the Lakers victory over the Utah Jazz, that was unbelievable. The crazy crowd had great expectations of the final score, cheering and shouting every time when Bryant scored during her 42 minutes.
After a game, he was given a microphone, saying he couldn’t believe how fast 20 years has gone by and that it was crazy. He thought the most important part was the whole team stayed together all the time through the ups and downs.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Michael正在一家孔子学院学习汉语和中国文化，知道中国人很重视家风传承。

他在给你的电子邮件中想了解你家的家风以及家风对你的影响。

请你给他回复一封电子邮件。

开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。

注意：1.词数110左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：家风family spirit
良好品质good qualities
代代相传pass on from generation to generation
Dear Michael，
I'm glad to receive your email in which you said that you wanted to know something about my family spirit. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours ,
Li Hua
参考答案
1. C
2. A
3. D
4. A
5. C
6. D
7. B
8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B
12. A 13. B 14. C 15. B
16. F 17. E 18. C 19. B 20. G
21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. B 32.
C 33. B 34. A 35.
D 36. A 37. C 38. D 39. B 40. D
41. but
42. latest 43. Inspired
44. On 45. an
46. are forgotten
47. that 48. when
49. easily 50. reminding
51.(1). in→on (2). ends→ending (3). appearance→appearances (4). that→which (5).删除when (6). her→his (7). a→the (8). has→had (9). → ly (10).在the前加that
52.略。