人教版(2023)必修 第一册Welcome unit Discovering Useful St

人教版（2023）必修第一册Welcome unit Discovering Useful Structures—Basic
sentence structures课件(共21张PPT) (共21张PPT)
Welcome unit
Discovering Useful Structures—Basic sentence structures
阅读以下短文，感知画线的句子，并把句子序号写在下面方框中相应的句子结构后面
Setting goals is the first step in achieving them.(1)The tips below may help you.
Set goals that can be achieved.Don’t push yourself to achieve more than what is possible.Instead，you should set goals based on your abilities and skills.
Break big goals down into small ones.When you do so，(2)they will seem easier to reach.You will be proud of yourself when you realize each small goal.(3)This will also give you the encouragement to achieve your long-term goal.
Write your goals on paper.It is a good idea to put your goals where you can see them.(4)You can place the list on your bedside table.Or you can stick it on your bedroom wall.This will remind you of what you are
working for and keep you focused.
After you set a goal，it is important to stick to it and work hard towards it.(5)You may find achieving goals difficult.But (6)you should not give up.Instead，stay positive and confident.(7)You will succeed in the end.(8)There will be many chances for you in the future.
主语＋谓语(S＋V) ____
主语＋系动词＋表语(S＋V＋P) ____
主语＋谓语＋宾语(S＋V＋O) ____
主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语(S＋V＋IO＋DO) ____
主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语(S＋V＋O＋C) ____
there be句式(There be...) ____
主语＋谓语＋状语(S＋V＋A) ____
主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语(S＋V＋O＋A) ____
(6)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(5)
(8)
(7)
(4)
语法精讲
一、句子成分
构成句子的各个部分叫作句子成分。

句子成分包括主语、谓语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。

二、基本句子结构
句子成分构成了英语中各种各样的句子，其实英语中最基本的句式只有八种，其他各种句式都是由这八种基本句式演变而来。

八种基本句式如下：
1.主语＋谓语(S＋V)
这种简单句的谓语部分是不及物动词，意义很完整。

这种句子没有被动语态。

The exchange students are registering.
这些交换生正在登记。

We all breathe，drink and eat.
我们都要呼吸、喝水和吃饭。

2.主语＋谓语＋宾语(S＋V＋O)
这种简单句的谓语部分是及物动词，有些不及物动词后加上介词也可看成一个及物动词。

The students are doing an experiment.
学生们正在做一个实验。

She usually puts off carrying out her promise.
她经常拖延履行她的诺言。

You must listen to me.你必须听我的。

3.主语＋系动词＋表语(S＋V＋P)
这种简单句表示主语的性质、状态、身份等。

He became a teacher of English.
他成了一名英语教师。

My brothers are all college students.
我的弟弟们都是大学生。

She looked a little annoyed.
她看上去有点生气。

[温馨提示]英语中常见的系动词有：be动词、感官类动词(look，smell，taste，feel，sound等)、表变化类动词(get，become，turn，go，grow，come等)、表保持类动词(keep，stay，remain等)，可充当表语的形式有：形容词、副词、名词、介词短语、不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)、过去/现在分词和从句等。

4.主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语叫作双宾语)(S＋V＋IO＋DO)
My sister told me a long story.
＝My sister told a long story to me.
我姐姐给我讲了一个很长的故事。

The professor gave us an exciting lecture.
＝The professor gave an exciting lecture to us.
教授给我们做了一场激动人心的讲座。

[温馨提示]双宾语由直接宾语和间接宾语组成。

直接宾语是谓语动
词的承受者，间接宾语表示谓语动作的方向(对谁做)或动作的目标(为谁做)，间接宾语紧接在谓语动词后，但它不能单独存在，它和直接宾语组成双宾语。

双宾语的常见结构：
(1)bring/give/hand/lend/pass/sell/show/take/teach/tell/write/offer/pay sb sth
＝bring/give/hand/lend/pass/sell/show/take/teach/tell/write/offer/pay sth to sb
(2)buy/make sb sth＝buy/make sth for sb
5.主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾补(宾语和宾补统称为复合宾语)(S＋V＋O＋C)
We all call the baby Sara.
我们都叫这个婴儿萨拉。

I found his design very impressive.
我发现他的设计让人印象很深刻。

I found myself in a strange place.
我发现自己在一个陌生的地方。

The guide showed all the visitors in.
导游把所有的游客都带了进来。

[温馨提示]宾补用来补充说明宾语的身份、地位或所处的状态。

可作宾补的有：名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词、过去分词等。

平时常见常考的宾补结构有：
(1)ask，want，like，allow，advise，teach，persuade 等＋宾语＋to do
作宾补；
(2)感官动词：see，watch，notice，observe，feel，hear等＋宾语＋省略to的不定式/现在分词/过去分词作宾补；
(3)使役动词：let＋宾语＋省略to的不定式作宾补；
make＋宾语＋省略to的不定式/过去分词作宾补；
have＋宾语＋省略to的不定式/现在分词/过去分词作宾补。

注意：上述加省略to的不定式作宾补的动词如果变成被动语态，省掉的to要加上。

She kept us waiting for her answer for over a week.
她让我们等她的答复等了一个多星期。

I often hear her sing a German song in her lovely voice.
＝She is often heard by me to sing a German song in her lovely voice.
我时常听到她用迷人的声音唱一首德语歌曲。

I will have all my clothes washed this afternoon.
今天下午我将把所有的衣服都洗完。

6.主语＋谓语＋状语(S＋V＋A)
My parents live in Beijing.
我的父母住在北京。

They are playing happily over there.
他们正在那边玩得很开心。

Seeing the cat，the mouse ran off.
见到猫，老鼠就跑了。

7.主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语(S＋V＋O＋A)
He reached the station finally，only to be told the train had left.
他最后到了车站，结果被告知火车已经开走了。

Followed by a group of students，the teacher entered the lab.
后面跟着一群学生，老师走进了实验室。

Although he was so tired，he still helped his father pick apples on the farm.
虽然他很累，但是依然在农场帮助爸爸摘苹果。

[温馨提示]状语用来修饰动词、形容词或整个句子，分为时间、地点、方式、比较、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步状语。

介词短语、副词(短语)、不定式、现在分词、过去分词和从句都可充当状语；状语通常位于句末，也可位于句首和句中。

8.There be...结构
There aren’t many books on the shelf.
书架上没有多少书。

There is a chair，two desks，and a bed in the room.
房间里有一把椅子、两张桌子和一张床。

[温馨提示]在there be句型中，be动词的单复数与最靠近的名词的单复数保持一致，即遵循就近原则。

返回
达标检测
(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)制作爆米花似乎比他们想的要难得多。

他们发现挣钱不容易。

他们告诉Bernard不要担心。

生活中总有些困难要去面对。

最终，他们成功了，他们紧紧地相互拥抱，难以抑制内心的激动。

他们尽情地笑着，眼里涌动着喜悦的泪水。

Making popcorn 1. than they had thought.They found it not easy
2. .They
3. .
4.______
to face in life.Finally,5. and
6.______________________ tightly.They found it hard
7.___________________ __________.8. heartily and tears of joy welled up in their eyes.
完成下列语段，尽可能多地使用简单句
seemed much more difficult
to earn money
told Bernard not to worry
There
were always some difficulties
they succeeded
they hugged each other
to contain their inner
excitement
They laughed。