2021年莱芜市莱钢高级中学高三英语上学期期中试题及参考答案

2021年莱芜市莱钢高级中学高三英语上学期期中试题及参考答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
What to See InHarbin
Parks inHarbin: Snow Sculpture Expo on theSunIslandPark: massive and beautifully carved sculptures of snow. Ice Lantern Festival: where large ice buildings and statues constructed with lights inside that make them glow.SiberianTigerPark: The park has several large caged areas where the tigers roam freely and live as they-would in their natural environment. We enter these caged areas in a specially designed van with large windows to get a look at these beautiful beasts. Live pheasants (雉) are let loose (if you pay) in order to show you the tigers' natural hunting skills.
Russian Architecture: Blessed with grace and character, the city is famous for its unique, Russian-influenced architecture. Remnants (残存) from the days when Harbin wasan important stop on the Russian Manchurian Railroad, the dome-shaped structures remind people of pre-revolutionary Russia. The strong Russian flavor continues to impact the city today due to new trade and tourism betweenHarbinandRussia.
TheCentral Avenue: Passers-by only street, a perfect remaining part of the busy international business activities at the turn of the 20th century. The 1.4-km long street is a worthy museum of European architectural styles, including Baroque and Byzantine facades, Jewish architectural wonders, little Russian bakeries, French fashion houses, American snack food outlets, and Japanese restaurants.
Guogeli Avenue:Harbin's second biggest shopping district dotted with Russian buildings. A tram track is still preserved in the centre of the road. The street is named after Nikolay (Vasilyevich) Gogol (1809-1852); great Russian novelist, dramatist, satirist, founder of the so-called critical realism in Russian literature, best-known for his novel MERTVYE DUSHI I-II (1842, Dead Souls).
Saint Sophia Church (built in 1903): The Orthodox church is a wonderful example of Russian Architecture. We only tour the outside of the church. The inside has been turned into some painters' market and is a big disappointment to all who visit it. You are welcome to venture into the church. Entrance fees are RMB20 per person.
1. From where does the author look at the tigers?
A. Through the windows of his house.
B. In the closed areas of tigers.
C. In the areas for walking.
D. In their natural environment.
2. Where can visitors see the most diverse styles of architecture?
A. At Ice Lantern Festival.
B. On the Russian Manchurian Railroad.
C. On TheCentral Avenue.
D. OnGuogeli Avenue.
3. When walking in the city ofHarbin, what can visitors still strongly feel?
A. The Russian flavor.
B. The influence of Guogeli's realism.
C. The damage to Saint Sophia Church.
D. The mixture of American and Japanese cultures.
B
Nowadays organic food hasbecome a fashion. Organic food sales reached a record of $ 45.2 billion in 2017, making it one of the fastest-growing parts of American agriculture. Some people may buy organic food for these reasons like resource cycling and biodiversity, but most people may choose organic food because they think it's healthier. While a small number of studies have shown relationships between eating organic food and reducing risks of being ill, no studies, up to now, have answered the question whether eating organic food can improve health.
According to the United States Department of Agriculture(USDA), organic food does not suggest anything about health. In 20155 Miles McEvoy, then chief of the National Organic Program for the USDA, refused to admit any health benefits of organic food, saying the question has nothing to do with the National Organic Program. Instead, the USDA thinks that organic refers to a production method that increases cycling of resources keeps ecological balance, and protects biodiversity.
I'm an environmental health scientist who has spent over 20 years studying pesticides that do harm to human beings. Several years ago, I was part of the study on whether an organic diet can reduce pesticide exposure. This study focused on a group of pesticides which have always been harmful to children's brain development. We found that children who ate traditional diets had nine times higher exposure to these pesticides than children who ate organic diets.
Last month, I published a small study that suggested a path forward to answering the question whether eating organic food actually improves health. My study got a lot of attention. While the results were novel, they didn't answer the big question. As I toldThe New York Timesin 2003, “What does this really mean for the safety of my kids? But we don't know. Nobody does. It was true then, and it's still true now.”
4. Why do most people prefer to buy organic food?
A. For its health benefits.
B. For biodiversity.
C. For its delicious taste.
D. For resource cycling.
5. What does the USDA suggest about organic food?
A. It can improve people's health.
B. It is produced in an environment-friendly way.
C. It can reduce risks of being ill.
D. It has nothing to do with the National Organic Program.
6. What can be concluded from the author's study?
A. Pesticides don't harm children's brain.
B. Traditional diets benefit people's health.
C. Organic diets can reduce pesticide exposure.
D. The results are meaningful to children's safety.
7. What is the best title for the text?
A.What Is Organic Food?
B. Is Organic Food Healthier?
C. How Should We Avoid Pesticides?
D. What Are the Benefits of Organic Food?
C
Contrary to the long-held belief that plants in the natural world are always in competition, new research has found that in severe environments adult plants help smaller ones and grow well as a result.
The research, led by Dr Rocio, studied adult and seedling (幼苗)plants in the ecological desert in the south-east of Spain. Dr Rocio said, “If you're a seedling in a poor land — the top of a mountain or a sand hill, for example-and you’re lucky enough to end up underneath a big plant, your chances of survival are certainly better than if you landed somewhere on your own. What we have found, which was surprising, is an established large plant, called a ‘nurse’, protects a seedling; it also produces more flowers than the same plants of similar large size growing on their own.”
Other benefits of nurse-seedling partnerships include that more variety of plants growing together can have a positive effect on the environment. For example, vegetation areas with nurse plants with more flowers might be able to attract higher numbers of pollinators(传粉者)in an area, in turn supporting insect and soil life and even provide a greater range of different fruit types for birds and other animals.
“The biggest winner for this system of nursing a plant is biodiversity(生物多样性),” Dr Rocio said. “The more biodiversean area, the greater number of species of plants, insect life, mammals and birds, and the better the chances of long-term healthy functioning of the environment and ecosystems. ” This system is win-win for adult and seedling plants in unfavorable environments.
The research is of value to those who manage and protect plants in tough environments. Most home gardeners and farmers plan to ensure their soil and conditions are the best they can be for plant growth, but the findings might be of value to those who garden in bare places.
8. What is a common understanding of plants?
A. They can help each other.
B. They can survive ill conditions.
C. They compete with each other.
D. They grow well on their own.
9. What will happen to seedling plants if they grow under adult plants?
A. They will produce more flowers.
B. They will die owing to competition.
C. They will make adult plants larger.
D. They will get support from adult plants.
10. What is the effect of the nurse-seedling partnership?
A. It leads to unfavorable environments.
B. It produces long-term healthy chances.
C. It attracts higher and larger pollinators.
D It provides a more variety of plant types.
11. Who will benefit from the new research?
A. People studying organic farming.
B. People protecting plants on sand hills.
C. People wanting to change biodiversity.
D. People keeping more animals on the farm.
D
The first patient who died on my watch was an older man with a faulty heart. We tried to slow it down with treatment, but it suddenly stopped beating completely. Later, whenever I would have a case like that one, I found myself second-guessing my clinical management. However, it turns out that thinking twice may actually cause more harm than good.
In a working paper, Emory University researchers found that when doctors delivering a baby have a bad result, they are more likely to switch to a different delivery method with the next patient, often unnecessarily and sometimes with worse results.
Because doctors make so many decisions that have serious consequences, thefalloutfrom second-guessing appears especially large for us. A 2006 study found that if a patient had a bleed after being prescribed (开药) warfarin, the physician was about 20% less likely to prescribe later patients the blood thinner that prevents strokes (中风). However, if a patient was not on warfarin and had a stroke physicians were still no more likely to prescribe warfarin to their other patients.
These findings highlight interesting behavioral patterns in doctors. In the blood-thinner study, doctors were
more affected by the act of doing harm (prescribing a blood thinner that ended up hurting doctors were more affected by the act of doing harm(prescribing a blood thinner that ended up hurting a patient) and less affected by letting harm happen (not prescribing a blood thinner and the patient having a stroke). Yet a stroke is often more permanent and damaging than a bleed.
But this phenomenon is not unique to medicine. ''Overreaction to Fearsome Risks'' holds true for broader society.
For instance, sensational headlines about shark attacks on humans in Florida in 2001 caused a panic and led the state to prohibit shark-feeding expeditions. Yet shark attacks had actually fallen that year and, according to the study, such a change was probably unnecessary given the extremely small risk of such an attack happening.
Humans are likely to be influenced by emotional and often irrational (不理性的) thinking when processing information, bad events and mistakes. As much as we don't want to cause an unfortunate event to happen again, we need to be aware that a worst situation that can be imagined doesn't necessarily mean we did anything wrong. When we overthink, we fail to rely on thinking based on what we know or have experienced. Instead, we may involuntarily overanalyze and come to the wrong conclusion.
I have treated dozens of patients who presented with the same illnesses as my first patient, who died more than a year ago. Instead of second-guessing myself, I trusted my clinical instinct (本能) and stayed the course. Every one of those patients survived. You should trust your instinct in your life, too.
12. The first two paragraphs suggest that________.
A. bad medical outcomes affect doctors
B delivering babies can be difficult work
C. some doctors are not very experienced
D. doctors sometimes make silly mistakes
13. In the blood-thinner study, doctors________.
A. tend to prescribe less effective medicine
B. are more concerned about the patients' safety
C. become less confident in writing a prescription
D. believe a stroke is more treatable than a bleeding
14. What does the underlined word ''fallout'' in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Result
B. Benefit
C. Difference
D. Absence
15. The author will probably agree that________.
A. we should not doubt our own decisions
B. our experience will pave way for our future
C. humans are emotional and irrational on the whole
D. instincts don't necessarily lead to wrong directions
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项We have been worried those days from time to time. Life is short, and we all need to have a good recall to realize that life can be very good.____16____
Be optimistic.Think of life in the best aspect, and find the better side of any situation. You would be amazed at how much more positive sides three are in life than the usual negative sides.
____17____Don’t waste a single second being sad, or bored, or even lonely. Get out and dance, and sing as if your life depends on it. You never know how long it is going to last.
Be kind to everyone.Kindness is the true key to unlocking your own happiness and joy.____18____Make as many friends as you can, and help them when they are down, as you never know when you will need them when time is hard.
Be quiet and think about life.Sometimes just sit or stand somewhere peacefully and think about what you have achieved, what you are about to achieve, or what you want to achieve.____19____You will feel more respectful of life.
Live in the present.Forget about the past.____20____Don’t worry about the future, as you build it with each present moment, and if you forget to live in the moment, you would be surprised at how quickly you’d missed the good time.
A. And sometimes your mind will hit you.
B. Changing your life attitude is necessary.
C. Live every present moment to the fullest.
D. Develop as many hobbies as possible.
E. The following suggestions may be helpful.
F. Because there is nothing you can do about it.
G. When others notice your kindness, they will pleasingly return it.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
Biking through my PhD
Overcoming my initial struggles in theNetherlandsto start my PhD has been like riding a bike.
I___21___in a hilly, seaside city inChinawithout cycle paths, and biking was___22___for me. Now,my Dutch neighbour was telling me I had to___23___.
It took me around a month to feel___24___cycling. After half a year,I am starting to enjoy it. For me, a helpful___25___for dealing with Dutch traffic was to make a lot of noise as I___26___: loud laughs, “look out”, “watch it”, and so on. This___27___other cyclists into keeping away from me, and prevented the___28___that had seemed unavoidable when I started.
This pattern, of a time of struggle___29___by fun, was repeated with other____30____of my life inUtrecht. There were more "bikes" that I____31____to learn how to ride. One of them was____32____management. InUtrecht, I don't see people working____33____time. As for working at the weekend,____34____it. I initially assumed that nobody was working very hard, because of their shorter____35____. But after a few months, I____36____that the other PhD students were all____37____focused on their work during that eight﹣hour working____38____, whereas I was taking endless "breaks" when I could have been focusing on my studies.
Cycling has become a____39____of my growth, freedom and____40____adjustment to PhD life in theNetherlands. And I have formed a good habit of working while I work and playing while I play.
21. A. went through B. grew up C. worked out D. got around
22. A. necessary B. convenient C. dangerous D. normal
23. A. learn B. decide C. advance D. travel
24. A. nervous B. anxious C. sensitive D. comfortable
25. A. tendency B. plan C. trick D. instruction
26. A. shouted B. jogged C. rode D. warned
27. A. cheated B. frightened C. guided D. persuaded
28. A. crashes B. ruins C. races D. competitions
29. A. appreciated B. presented C. supported D. followed
30. A. backgrounds B. occupations C. aspects D. studies
31. A. hesitated B. failed C. remembered D. needed
32. A. time B. finance C. business D. personnel
33. A. special B. extra C. regular D. valid
34. A. cancel B. select C. forget D. avoid
35. A. hours B. vacations C. weekdays D. distances
36. A. regretted B. realized C. argued D. supposed
37. A. completely B. considerately C. hurriedly D. repeatedly
38. A. practice B. period C. section D. evaluation
39. A. weakness B. remark C. symptom D. symbol
40. A. dynamic B.objective C. successful D. adventurous
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
There are many kinds of festivals and___41.___ (celebration) throughout the world,___42.___are held for different reasons. Nowadays festivals have many origins, some___43.___(religion), some seasonal, and some for special people or events. Different countries have different festivals. In Japan, people clean graves and light incense（香）in memory___44.___their ancestors on Obon. In the west on Halloween, children___45.___(usual) dress up and go to their neighbor’s homes___46.___ (ask) for sweets. If the neighbors don’t give them any sweets, the children might play___47.___ trick on them.___48.___ most children inChinalook forward to in the Spring Festival is that they can get some lucky money. Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals are happy events because the food___49.___ (gather) for the winter and a season of agricultural work is over. Whatever festival it is, the spirit of___50.___ (share) joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

注意: 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

As is often read in the newspaper, wildlife, especially the rare species, is threatening with extinction. Human beings are making an attempt to hunt wild animal for a big profit, which,of course, result in a sharp decrease in the number of animals. But it is high time that we take quick action to protect them. It’s quite necessarily for every citizen to realize the importance of animal protection. Only by knowing its significance can people develop a sense of the responsibility. People will surely take it for granted that they have the duty prevent any killing of wild animals. So a national campaign should be set about, thus give animals a good living environment.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。

你校将举办主题为“创意点亮校园”学生手工作品展。

请给你校的
交换生Jim写一封邮件，邀请他参观展览。

内容包括：
1.介绍展览信息(例如：时间、地点、内容等)；
2.询问对方意向。

注意：1.词数100左右；
2.邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

提示词：手工作品handicraft
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
1. B
2. C
3. A
4. A
5. B
6. C
7. B
8. C 9. D 10. D 11. B
12. A 13. C 14. A 15. D
16. B 17. C 18. G 19. A 20. F
21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. D 32.
A 33.
B 34.
C 35. A 36. B 37. A 38. B 39.
D 40. C
41. celebrations
42. which 43. religious
44. of 45. usually
46. to ask 47. a
48. What 49. is gathered
50. sharing
51.(1).threatening→threatened
(2).animal→animals
(3).result→results
(4).But→So
(5).take→took或在take前加should
(6).necessarily→necessary
(7).删除responsibility前的the
(8).在prevent前加to
(9).about→up
(10).give→giving
52.略。