(浙江省选考)2017年10月高考英语 专题一 高频词汇分类集训与语篇训练 话题十四 热点话题

话题十四热点话题1．accident n．事故；偶然的事件，意外by accident偶然地2．benefit v．有益于；有助于；受益n．优势；益处benefit from/by从……中受益be of benefit to＝be beneficial to对……有益for one’s benefit＝for the benefit of sb.为某人的利益3．challenge vt.怀疑；挑战n．挑战；难题；质疑a challenge to对……的挑战challenge sb.to (do) sth.向某人挑战(做)……4．compete v．竞争；比赛compete in...参加……的比赛compete with/against与……竞争compete for...为……角逐5．contribute v．捐献；是……的原因之一；贡献；投稿contribute to有助于；导致；捐献make a contribution/contributions to对……做出贡献；捐款6．fortune n．财富；运气make a fortune发财；致富be fortunate to do sth./in doing sth.在……方面运气好7．general adj.普通的；大众的；总的；大体的in general＝generally speaking总的来说；一般说来8．mercy n．仁慈；怜悯；宽恕show mercy to sb./have mercy on sb.怜悯某人at the mercy of...任由……摆布；受……控制It’s a mercy that...……真是万幸。

9．possible adj.可能的；可接受的；合理的It is possible for sb.to do sth.某人做某事是可能的It is possible that...可能……There is no possibility that...不可能……10．praise v．赞扬；表扬n．赞美；赞扬in praise of赞扬11．pretend v．假装pretend to do/to be doing/to have done假装要/正在/已经做某事12．retire v．退休；离开；撤退retire from从……退休13．risk v．冒……的危险n．危险；风险risk sth./doing sth.冒着……的危险at risk处于危险之中at the risk of sth./doing sth.冒着……的风险take/run the risk of doing sth.冒险做某事14．sacrifice vt.牺牲，献出；献祭n．牺牲；供奉；祭品sacrifice sth.to do sth.牺牲……去做……sacrifice for为……作出牺牲15．serve v．提供(食物)，端上(饭菜)；服役；供职于；服务；用作serve sth.to sb.＝serve sb.sth.给某人端上某物serve as当作；作为16．shelter n．住所；藏身之处；庇护；避难所；遮盖物v．庇护；躲避shelter...from...保护……免于……under the shelter of在……的庇护下17．survive vi.幸存；活下来survive on靠……存活下来18．trick n．诡计；骗局；恶作剧；戏弄v．欺骗play a trick/tricks on/upon sb.欺骗某人；捉弄某人trick sb.into sth./into (doing) sth.诱使某人做某事19．volunteer n．志愿者v．自愿做，义务做volunteer to do...自愿做……20．trouble短语get into trouble陷入麻烦；陷入困境be in trouble有麻烦；碰到困难without trouble毫不费力的，没有麻烦的have trouble with sth./(in) doing...(做)……有困难take the trouble to do...不辞劳苦地做……Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．She has a few thousand dollars put away for her (retire)．2．Tom risked (lose) his job to help you out of the trouble.3．The young man volunteered (stop) the drunken men from fighting.4． general，about 10% of the candidates are eventually offered positions. 5．He dreamed of making fortune.6．We hope your suggestion will contribute to (solve) the problem. 7．There’s been some fierce (compete) for the title.8．Mike found a (challenge) job as a computer programmer.9．A stay in the country will be (benefit) to his health.10．They came across it accident.11．was a mercy that she wasn’t seriously hurt and was waiting until the rescue arrived.12．It’s just possible I gave them the wrong directions.13．He pretended (know) the answer to the problem already. 14．Trees shelter the house the wind.15．It will greatly increase your chances of (survive)．Ⅱ.根据要求完成句子1．他受到了赞扬，因为他冒着生命危险扑灭了大火。

(一句多译)①②2．在失去引擎动力之后，船员们发现自己只能任凭风力摆布了。

(mercy)Having lost engine power，the boat’s crew . 3．These students are fortunate to have such a good English teacher.(用it作形式主语改写)4．The new regulation will be of benefit to everyone concerned.①(用beneficial改写) ②(用benefit from改写) ③(用benefit改写) 5．我们没费吹灰之力就找到了他的办公室。

(一句多译)①②(一)阅读理解How often do you check your phone? According to a study led by Nottingham Trent University in Britain，the average person looks at their phones 86 times a day.Updating their status on social media platforms also made people reach for their electronic companion frequently.Even the participants thought that was a lot: this figure is twice as often as they thought they did.Our phones might be shaping our behavior more than we realize.Do you actually look at your surroundings more than at your phone? Is it rude to check your phone when someone is talking to you?Sherry Turkle interviewed hundreds of college students about this.She’s a professor of social studies at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.They talked about something they called “the rule of three”．The rule has to do with being considerate to others despite the allure(诱惑力) of the little flat box.Turkle explains, “If you go to dinner with friends，you don’t want to look down at your phone until you see that three people are looking up in the convers ation.So there’s a new rule where you don’t look down unless three people are looking up in order to keep a little conversation alive.”Actually，if you are clever enough you might use your phone as a tool to connect with people next to you.Sharing a bit of your life with them can bring you closer together.And you can also invite everyone to take a selfie (自拍照) with you. But the best thing to deal with mobile phone addiction is to go cold turkey and leave the machine behind occasionally or just switch it off and keep it firmly in your pocket for a while.1．Why does the author mention “How often do you check your phone？” in the first paragraph?A．To stress the importance of mobile phones.B．To encourage readers to use mobile phones more.C．To introduce a topic to be discussed in the following paragraphs.D．To know how readers update their status on social media platforms.2．If John was a participant using the mobile phone as often as the average in the study，how many times did he think he looked at his phone a week?A．172. B．301.C．602. D．1204.3．What’s the purpose of “the rule of three”？A．To keep a conversation going.B．To look down at your phone regularly.C．To tell readers how to be considerate to others.D．To remind readers of the importance of mobile phones.4．Which of the following is NOT the right way to avoid being addicted to the mobilephone?A．Leaving it home sometimes when you go out.B．Going to Turkey for a holiday once in a while.C．Turn it off on purpose now and then.D．Hide it somewhere for the moment.(二)七选五Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries. 5 In general，they can expect to live six or seven years more than men.One reason for this is biological.One important biological factor that helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women. 6 Between the ages of about 12 and 50，women produce hormones that are involved in fertility(生育能力)．These hormones also have a positive effect on the heart and the blood flow.In fact，women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks.7 They help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections.This means that women generally get sick less often and less seriously than men.The common cold is a good example: women，on average，get fewer colds than men.8 Scientists are still not exactly sure how genes influence aging，but they believe that they do.Some think that a woman’s body cells have a t endency to age more slowly than a man’s.Others think that a man’s body cells have a tendency to age more quickly. 9A．However，women，on average，live longer.B．The biological factor plays an important part.C．Women are also helped by their female genes.D．The female hormones also protect the body in another way.E．Recent research seems to support both of these possibilities.F．Therefore，women are healthier than men and can live a better life. G．Hormones are chemicals which are produced by the body to control various body functions.(三)完形填空As I was taking a walk with my mom，I asked her，“Have you taken the senior bus yet？”I held my breath as I waited for her 10 .“Oh，yes.I have，” she said.“How was it？” I said the words as 11 as I could to show my excitement，even though I sensed the answer was not going to be 12 .She sighed heavily，“No one ever 13 on thatbus.They all sit there quietly and look sad.I only see about thirteen 14 old ladies and men.” My 15 for her situation grasped my stomach.My dad had recently passed away，and his sudden leave made my mother 16 and frightened.For fifty­seven years，my dad had walked by her side.Mom never learned to 17 ，so Dad drove her everywhere.Now，her wheels were gone，as one grandchild so properly 18 her situation.I knew she needed great 19 to make the decision to take the senior bus.However，I firmly believed the 20 wouldn’t last too long，for Mom was so outgoing and active that she could chat with almost everybody whom she met in the street.Several days later，when I came to visit her，I asked，“Do they talk to you now？” She 21 and there was a sparkle(火花) in her eyes.It didn’t take a genius to figure out that the 22 had changed.“It was silly that all of us just sat there 23 saying a word.So one morning when I 24 ，I greeted them and then remarked that what a nice day it was.Soon，they began to 25 and we chatted happily.Now we are friends and always have some good 26 on the bus，” she replied.My mother held the key to the 27 of the other lonely people on that bus.A smile and some 28 words were all it took.She sowed tiny seeds of 29 for herself and her friends on the bus.10．A.order B．instructionC．answer D．request11．A.fluently B．cheerfullyC．patiently D．quietly12．A.typical B．reasonableC．similar D．positive13．A.talks B．eatsC．drinks D．sleeps14．A.conservative B．depressedC．surprised D．cautious15．A.anger B．excitementC．sympathy D．forgiveness16．A.stubborn B．selfishC．acute D．lonely17．A.drive B．cookC．dance D．paint18．A.planned B．describedC．copied D．handled19．A.support B．expectationC．patience D．courage20．A.silence B．friendshipC．argument D．impression21．plained B．smiledC．sobbed D．appeared22．A.situation B．hardshipC．decision D．topic23．A.for B．byC．without D．after24．A.passed by B．got onC．stood up D．set out25．A.apologize B．escapeC．bother D．respond26．A.conversations B．suggestionsC．examples D．analysis27．A.fortune B．heartsC．remarks D．relationship28．A.sensitive B．responsibleC．friendly D．official29．A.honesty B．happinessC．imagination D．freedom完形填空题所提供的是一篇具有完整意义的短文，其段与段、句与句、甚至词与词之间都有不可分割的、千丝万缕的联系。