2015宁夏大学考博英语题型分析
破解英语博士面试常见问题及答案
破解英语博士面试常见问题及答案问题1: 为什么你想攻读英语博士学位?回答:攻读英语博士学位是我长期以来的梦想和目标。
我对英语语言和文学有着浓厚的兴趣,并且深深被其无限的可能性所吸引。
通过攻读英语博士学位,我希望能够进一步探索英语语言和文学的深度,并为该领域的研究做出自己的贡献。
问题2: 你的研究兴趣是什么?回答:我的研究兴趣主要集中在英语文学和文化研究方面。
我对不同时期和地区的英语文学作品有着广泛的阅读和研究,并且对其背后的文化背景和社会影响有着浓厚的兴趣。
我希望通过深入研究英语文学和文化,能够对人类文明和社会变迁有更深刻的理解。
问题3: 你的研究方法是什么?回答:在我的研究中,我倾向于使用多种研究方法和途径。
首先,我会进行文献综述,以了解已有的研究成果和观点。
其次,我会采用定性和定量的研究方法进行数据收集和分析,以支持我的研究结论。
此外,我也会运用文本分析和批评方法来深入解读文学作品和文化现象。
综合运用这些方法,我相信能够得到更全面和准确的研究结果。
问题4: 你之前的研究经历是什么?回答:在攻读硕士学位期间,我参与了几个研究项目。
其中一个项目是关于英语诗歌的翻译和跨文化传播的研究。
我负责收集和分析相关文献,并参与撰写研究报告。
另一个项目是关于英语文学中女性形象的分析和解读。
我采用了文本分析和社会学调查等方法,以探讨女性形象在不同时期的变化和社会背景的影响。
这些研究经历使我对英语文学研究有了更深入的理解,并培养了我的研究技能。
问题5: 你未来的职业规划是什么?回答:我希望能够成为一名教授和研究者,致力于英语语言和文学的教学和研究工作。
我希望能够通过自己的研究成果和教学经验,培养更多对英语语言和文学感兴趣的学生,并在学术界做出有价值的贡献。
此外,我也希望能够参与国际学术交流,与其他学者合作开展跨文化研究项目,拓宽自己的研究视野。
以上是我对常见英语博士面试问题的回答,感谢您的阅读。
2015~2017年中国社会科学院考博英语真题及详解【圣才出品】
2015年中国社会科学院考博英语真题及详解PART Ⅰ: Vocabulary and GrammarSection A (10 points)Directions: Choose the answer that best fills in the blank.1. Even the president is not really the CEO. No one is. Power in a corporation is concentrated and vertically structured. Power in Washington is _____ and horizontally spread out.A. prudentB. reversibleC. diffuseD. mandatory【答案】C【解析】句意:甚至总统也不是真正的首席执行官,谁都不是。
在公司中,权力集中且垂直分布。
在华盛顿,权力分散且平行分布。
diffuse散开的。
prudent谨慎的,节俭的。
reversible 可逆的,可撤销的。
mandatory强制的,命令的。
2. In describing the Indians of the various sections of the United States at different stages in their history, some of the factors which account for their similarity amid difference can be readily accounted for, others are difficult to _____.A. refineB. discernC. embedD. cluster【答案】B【解析】句意:在描述美国历史中不同阶段不同地区的印第安人中,一些影响他们不同点之间的相似点的因素能够很容易的解释清楚,而其他的却很难看出。
解读英语博士面试常问问题与答案
解读英语博士面试常问问题与答案1. 请介绍一下你的研究领域和研究项目。
我的研究领域是法律学,特别是国际商法和知识产权法。
我目前的研究项目是探讨跨境电子商务中的知识产权保护问题,以及如何在全球范围内建立有效的法律框架来促进跨境电子商务的发展。
2. 你为什么选择申请我们的博士项目?我选择申请贵校的博士项目是因为贵校在法律学领域有很高的声誉和丰富的资源。
我相信在贵校的博士项目中,我将有机会与优秀的导师合作,深入研究我的兴趣领域,并为学术界做出贡献。
3. 你的研究计划是什么?我的研究计划是深入探讨跨境电子商务中的法律问题,特别是在知识产权保护方面的挑战和解决方案。
我计划通过文献研究、案例分析和实地调研等方法,对相关法律框架进行评估,并提出改进和完善的建议。
4. 你的研究成果有哪些?我在国际商法和知识产权法领域发表了多篇论文,其中一些被国际知名期刊接受并引用。
我还参与了国际会议和研讨会,并就相关议题发表了演讲和提供了学术见解。
5. 你有没有参与过项目合作或者学术团队?是的,我曾参与过多个学术团队和研究项目。
在这些合作中,我与其他研究者合作,共同研究和解决了一系列法律问题。
这些合作经历不仅提高了我的团队合作能力,也拓宽了我的学术视野。
6. 你对博士研究的期望是什么?我期望通过博士研究能够深入探索我的研究领域,并为该领域的发展做出重要贡献。
我希望能够在法学界的顶尖期刊上发表更多有影响力的论文,并在学术会议上与其他研究者进行交流和合作。
7. 你有没有相关的教学或辅导经验?是的,我曾在本科生课程中担任助教,负责辅导学生、批改论文和组织讨论课。
这些经验提高了我的教学能力和沟通技巧,使我能够更好地与学生互动并传授知识。
8. 你对未来的职业规划是什么?我希望能够在大学或研究机构担任教职,继续从事研究和教学工作。
我也对在国际组织或律师事务所从事法律顾问工作感兴趣,以便将学术研究与实际应用相结合。
以上是我对英语博士面试常问问题的解读和回答,希望能对您有所帮助。
2015年宁夏高考英语试题与答案(word版)
2015年宁夏高考英语试题与答案(word版)本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项:1. 答第Ⅰ卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
不能答在本试卷上,否则无效。
第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从试题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例:How much is the shirt?A. £19.15B. £9.18C. £9.15答案是C。
1.What time is it now?A. 9:10B. 9:50C. 10:002.What does the woman think of the weather?A. It’s niceB. It’s warmC. It’s cold3.What will the man do?A. Attend a meetingB. Give a lectureC. Leave his office4.What is the woman’s opinion about the course?A. Too hardB. Worth takingC. Very easy5. What does the woman want the man to do ?A. Speak louder.B. Apologize to her.C. Turn off the radio.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
(完整word版)2015年全国医学博士外语统一入学考试英语试题
2015 年全国医学博士外语统-入学考试英语试题1 请考生首先将自己的姓名、所在考点、准考证号在试卷一答题纸和试卷二标准答题卡上认真填写清楚,并按”考场指令”要求,将准考证号在标准答题卡上划好。
2。
试卷一(Paper One)答案和试卷二(PaperTwo)答案都作答在标准答题卡上,不要做在试卷上。
3。
试卷一答题时必须使用28 铅笔,将所选答案按要求在相应位置涂黑:如要更正,先用橡皮擦干净。
书面表达一定要用黑色签字笔或钢笔写在标准答题卡上指定区域。
4。
标准答题卡不可折叠,同时答题卡须保持平整干净,以利评分。
5。
听力考试只放一遍录音,每道题后有15 秒左右的答题时间。
国家医学考试中心PAPERONEPart 1 : Listening comprehension (30%)Section ADirections: In this section you will hear fifteen short conversations between two speakers, At the end of each conversation,you will hear a question about what is said,The question will be read only once, After you hear the question,read the four possibleanswers marked A, B, C, and D。
Choose the best answers and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEETListen to the following example。
You will hear.Woman:1 fell faint.Man: No wonder You haven’t had a bite all day Question: What's the matter with the woman? You will read。
破解英语博士面试常见问题及答案
破解英语博士面试常见问题及答案1. 个人介绍问题问题:请介绍一下你自己。
答案:我是一名英语博士申请者,拥有深厚的英语语言和文学知识。
我在本科期间专注于英语学习,并在研究生阶段深入研究了英语文学。
我对英语的语法、修辞手法和文学作品有着较深的理解。
我热爱研究和探索英语语言和文学的各个方面,并希望将来能够在这个领域做出一定的贡献。
2. 研究动机问题问题:你为什么选择攻读英语博士学位?答案:我选择攻读英语博士学位的主要原因是因为我对英语语言和文学的研究充满激情。
我希望能够深入了解英语语言的本质和其在不同文学作品中的运用。
通过进行深入研究,我可以进一步提高自己的学术能力,并在未来成为一名有影响力的英语学者。
此外,攻读博士学位也是我实现个人职业目标的重要一步。
3. 研究领域问题问题:你的研究领域是什么?为什么对这个领域感兴趣?答案:我的研究领域是英语文学。
我对英语文学感兴趣的原因是因为通过研读英语文学作品,我可以深入理解英语语言的运用和不同文学流派的发展。
我希望能够挖掘出一些在过去被忽视的文学作品,并对其进行深入分析和解读。
通过研究英语文学,我可以更好地理解文学作品背后的文化和历史背景,进而提高自己的文学鉴赏能力。
4. 研究计划问题问题:你有没有具体的研究计划或课题?请简要介绍一下。
答案:我计划在我的博士研究中探索英语文学中的女性主义主题。
我将研究不同时期的女性作家的作品,分析她们对社会、家庭和性别的看法,并探讨她们的作品对当代社会的影响。
通过这个研究,我希望能够提供对女性主义文学的新的理解,并为女性主义思想的发展做出一定的贡献。
5. 合作能力问题问题:你是否具备良好的合作能力?请举例说明。
答案:是的,我具备良好的合作能力。
在我的研究生期间,我曾参与过多个小组项目,需要与其他成员紧密合作完成共同的目标。
在这些项目中,我充分发挥自己的沟通和组织能力,与团队成员密切合作,并成功地完成了各项任务。
我相信良好的合作能力是取得成功的关键,我将在博士研究中继续发展和运用这一能力。
2015年考研英语一新题型解析
2015年考研英语一新题型解析Title: Analysis of the New Type of Questions in the 2015 English Exam for Postgraduate Entrance ExaminationIn 2015, a new type of question was introduced in the English exam for the postgraduate entrance examination, which caught many students off guard. This new question type required students to analyze a given paragraph and answer questions based on the information provided. In this article, we will discuss this new question type in detail and provide some tips on how to effectively tackle it.The new question type in the 2015 English exam for the postgraduate entrance examination required students to read a short paragraph and answer questions based on the information provided in the passage. This was a departure from the traditional format of the exam, which usually consisted of multiple-choice questions and essay writing. Many students found this new question type challenging as it required them to not only understand the passage but also to analyze and interpret the information in order to answer the questions accurately.To effectively tackle this new question type, students need to pay close attention to the details of the passage and identify key pieces of information that are relevant to the questions being asked. It is important to read the passage carefully and underline or highlight important points that may be useful in answering the questions. Students should also pay attention to the structure of the passage and the relationships between different ideas presented in the text.In addition, students should practice answering questions of this type in order to familiarize themselves with the format and develop their analytical skills. Practice questions can be found in preparation books and online resources, which can help students become more comfortable with this new question type.Overall, the new question type introduced in the 2015 English exam for the postgraduate entrance examination required students to think critically and analyze information in order to answer the questions accurately. By practicing and developing their analytical skills, students can improve their performance on this type of question and increase their chances of success in the exam.。
2015年度全国医学考博英语统考-阅读理解全解及详解
2015年Passage oneThe American society of clinical oncology wrapped its annual conference this week, going through the usual motions of presenting a lot of drugs that offer some added quality or extension of life to those suffering from a variety of as-yet incurable diseases. But buried deep in an AP story are a couple of promising headlines that seems worthy of more thorough review, including one treatment study where 100 percent of patients saw their cancer diminish by half. 美国临床肿瘤协会于本周召开年会,大会讨论像往年一样提议了一些药物,能够提高疗效以及延长那些已确诊的不治之症患者的寿命,但深挖美联社报道中文章,发现一个有前景的标题,值得我们进一步了解,其中一个治疗研究,明确所有患者经过治疗后有一半患者肿瘤消失。
First of all, it seems pharmaceutical companies are moving away from the main cost-effective one-size-fits-all approach to drug development and embracing the long cancer treatments, engineering drugs that only work for a small percentage of patients but work very effectively within that group. 首先,制药公司从主要以效益一刀切发展模式向药物研发和接受长期癌症治疗,以及针对一小部分患者且成效显著的药物研发。
医学博士英语考试题型
医学博士英语考试是为了测试考生的医学英语水平和应用能力,其题型通常包括以下几个方面:
1. 阅读理解:考生需要通过阅读医学相关的英文文章,理解并掌握文章的主旨、细节和逻辑关系。
题型包括选择题、判断题和填空题等。
2. 听力理解:考试中会播放医学相关的英文音频材料,考生需要听取并理解音频内容,然后根据问题选择正确答案。
3. 翻译:考生需要将英文医学文献翻译成中文,或者将中文医学文献翻译成英文。
翻译内容可能包括医学术语、句子和段落等。
4. 写作:考生需要撰写一篇医学相关的英文文章,文章类型可能是说明文、议论文或病例报告等。
写作要求考生能够清晰地表达自己的观点,并能够使用正确的医学英语表达方式。
5. 口语表达:考试中会要求考生进行医学相关的英文口语表达,可能涉及病例分析、研究报告等内容。
考生需要能够流利地表达自己的观点,并能够与考官进行有效的交流。
总体来说,医学博士英语考试的难度较大,要求考生具备较强的医学英语阅读、听力、翻译、写作和口语表达能力。
因此,考生需要提前进行充分的准备和复习,以提高自己的考试成绩。
全解英语博士面试中的常见问题与答案
全解英语博士面试中的常见问题与答案1. 介绍一下你的研究领域和兴趣。
我的研究领域是应用语言学和跨文化交际。
我对语言得、语言教育以及不同语言之间的交流现象都很感兴趣。
我一直致力于探索语言在不同文化环境中的应用和影响。
2. 你为什么选择申请我们学校的博士项目?我选择申请贵校的博士项目是因为贵校在我的研究领域具有很高的声誉和专业的师资力量。
贵校的研究设施和资源也非常先进,这将为我的研究提供良好的支持和条件。
我相信在贵校的研究和研究经历将对我未来的学术发展产生积极的影响。
3. 你在研究生阶段的最大成就是什么?在研究生阶段,我最大的成就是完成了一项关于跨文化交际的研究项目。
通过深入调查和分析,我成功地揭示了不同文化背景下个体间交流的障碍和解决方法。
这项研究得到了同行的高度认可,并发表在一本国际知名期刊上。
4. 你对未来的职业规划是什么?我的未来职业规划是成为一名教授和研究者。
我希望能够在高校担任教职,并继续开展研究工作。
我想通过教学和研究为语言教育和跨文化交际领域的发展做出贡献。
5. 你有没有参与过国际学术会议或发表过论文?是的,我曾参与过多个国际学术会议,并在其中做过口头报告。
此外,我也发表了多篇论文,其中一些发表在国际知名期刊上。
这些经历使我有机会与来自不同国家和地区的学者进行交流和合作,拓宽了我的学术视野和研究思路。
6. 你有没有进行过教学实或辅导学生的经历?是的,我在研究生阶段担任过助教的职务,参与了一门本科课程的教学工作。
我负责组织讨论班和辅导学生的学术研究。
这一经历让我深刻理解了教学的重要性,并提高了我的教学能力和沟通技巧。
7. 你在研究中遇到的最大困难是什么?你是如何解决的?在我的研究中,我遇到的最大困难是数据收集和分析过程中的挑战。
由于研究对象的复杂性和数据的大量性,我面临着数据收集困难、分析方法选择等问题。
为了解决这些困难,我积极寻求导师和同行的帮助与指导,同时采用了多种数据分析方法,最终成功地完成了研究。
博士英语面试常见问题一览及解答
博士英语面试常见问题一览及解答问题1: 请介绍一下你的研究领域和研究经历。
作为一个博士研究生,我的研究领域是法律学。
在我的研究经历中,我专注于探讨国际商法和知识产权法的相关议题。
我参与了多个研究项目,包括对知识产权保护的国际标准的分析和比较研究,以及对国际商事争议解决机制的探索和评估。
我也曾参与撰写了几篇学术论文,并在国际学术会议上做过口头报告。
问题2: 为什么你对这个研究领域感兴趣?我对法律学的这个研究领域感兴趣的原因是它与现实世界密切相关,并且具有巨大的影响力。
国际商法和知识产权法是全球经济和创新的重要组成部分,而这些领域中的法律规定和机制对于保护商业利益和促进创新至关重要。
我希望通过我的研究工作,能够为国际商业和知识产权的发展做出贡献。
问题3: 你在研究中使用了哪些方法和工具?在我的研究中,我使用了多种方法和工具。
首先,我进行了大量的文献研究,对相关领域的学术文章、法律文件和案例进行了系统的阅读和分析。
其次,我进行了实证研究,采用了问卷调查和访谈等方法,以了解实际情况和各方观点。
此外,我还使用了定量分析工具,如统计软件和数据分析模型,对研究数据进行统计和分析。
问题4: 你认为你的研究工作对社会有何意义?我认为我的研究工作对社会有很大的意义。
首先,国际商法和知识产权法的研究可以为国际贸易和商业活动提供法律保障,促进经济发展和合作。
其次,通过研究国际商事争议解决机制,我可以为国际商业争端的解决提供更有效和公正的方法。
最后,我也希望通过我的研究成果,为相关政策的制定和法律的改革提供参考和建议,以促进知识产权保护和国际商法的发展。
问题5: 你的研究工作中遇到过哪些困难和挑战?你是如何解决的?在我的研究工作中,我遇到了一些困难和挑战。
首先,研究领域的复杂性和迅速变化的法律环境使得研究过程更加复杂和困难。
为了解决这个问题,我通过持续研究和参与学术讨论来保持对最新发展的了解。
其次,数据收集和分析过程中的困难也是一个挑战。
2015年考博英语完型真题解题思路
2015年考博英语完型真题解题思路一、词义与词形的辨析选项与选项之间构成同义词、反义词、形近词的关系。
有时出题者也借助选项,考察考生对某些单词词义的精确理解。
举例:Geographers compare and contrast 71 places on the earth.71. A) similarB) variousC) distantD) famous译文:地理学家比较和对照地球上的什么地方。
很明显要求填一个形容词来修饰places. 如果单从语法的角度而言,A、B、C、D四个选项都能入选,出题者精心设计只为考察compare和contrast的精确含义。
compare意为to exam for similarities and differences, contrast意为to compare in order to show differences。
综合两个词的含义,应为“找出其相似之处与不同之处”。
这样一来,答案不言自明。
既然不同与相同皆不可抛,答案A)必然错误,“similar”(相似的)只揭示了两者的相同、相似,未照应不同,故必不入选。
而答案C)distant “遥远的”、D) famous“著名的”均与“相似与不同”不搭界,所以也一并排除掉,剩下B)various“各种各样”为正确答案。
“各种各样”既囊括相似之处,又溶入“不同几许”,既照应compare,又体现了contrast的含义。
所以考生在应试时对于某些重点单词的理解,不能只局限于中文,而应从英文的角度,逐字理解。
二、逻辑关系所填空格的句子,与上下文构成指代、列举、因果、比较、对比、让步、 补充、递进等逻辑关系。
上下文逻辑关系的考察,是完形填空区别于单纯的句子与结构测试中最重要的一点。
不仅在国内考试中,在美国研究生入学考试(GRE)中,也常常考到考生运用逻辑关系解题的能力。
笔者试举一例:文中提到:The foreign research scholar usually isolates himself in the laboratory as a means of protection; 77 , what he needs is to be fitted into a highly organized university system…77. A) otherwiseB) moreoverC) howeverD) also根据上下文,空格前的意思为“外籍研究学者通常把自己隔离在实验室里作为 一种保护的手段”。
2015社科院考博英语
各位考生:
考试改革是深化高等教育教学改革的一个重要方面,以往,我院博士入学考试外语考试题型偏重于考查考生的应试能力,不利于真实反映考生对于所考语言的实际应用能力。
为此,经院长办公会讨论确定,我院对2015年博士生入学考试外语试卷进行改革,变更部分题型,侧重于联系实际考查考生的外语应用水平和能力。
变更涉及的科目包括英语、俄语、日语、德语、法语,变更后的考题难度与以往一致。
(具体的命题动向和变化参考睿普教育的社科院考博英语辅导班)
变更后的题型如下:
第一部分:词汇语法 20分
第二部分:阅读 30分
第三部分:7选5+写概述 20分(10分+10分)
1.7选5:1篇500-600词的文章,需在五个空白处填入相关内容,要求考生根据上下文从给出的7个选项中选择适当的5个。
每空2分,总分值为10分。
2.根据此文,写作1篇100-120词的概述。
总分值为10分。
第四部分:翻译(外译中+中译外) 30分(15分+15分)特此通知。
考博英语阅读十大解题思路
考博英语阅读十大解题思路考博英语阅读十大解题思路考博英语阅读理解是考博英语复习的重中之重,熟悉考博英语的题型和基本解题思路,会在复习中取得事半功倍的效果。
店铺列出了一些简单的解题思路和题型与技巧,供大家参考借鉴。
一、细节题1、题干上有五个W一个H提问。
2、题干中明确会提到的时间、地点、人物或者事物等细节信息。
3、有可能针对文章中的一句话或者几句话发问。
4、题干和选项有可能考察一种因果关系。
5、解题关键:返回原文,准确定位。
做题依据一定要紧扣文章本身返回原文:1、可以根据题干所列的地点、时间、人物、事物返回原文。
2、根据出题的顺序返回原文。
3、根据题干中或四个选项中的重点词或同义词返回原文。
4、通过长难句返回原文。
二、句子理解题1、标志:题干中明确指出是原文中的某句话,重要的不是上下文,而是句子本身。
2、步骤:1)重点是返回原文,对该句子进行语法、句法、词法的精准解析。
正确(不能推)理解句子的深刻含义。
2)若该句话的含义不能确定,则适当依据上下文进行判断。
局部含义有整体含义决定。
3)一般来说,选项中的正确答案与原句是同义关系,只不过用其他短语表达。
3、错误选项特征:推的过远,做题时注意把握理解度。
4、正确选项不包含过于绝对化的词语。
三、主旨大意题1、标志:best title, main idea, main problem,conclusion,mainly disguss, mainly deal with或者问作者的写作目的purpose, the author intends to do sth, a digest of利用宏观阅读技巧作主旨题,不管是出现在什么位置,都把他作为最后一题来做。
2、方法:1)段落少,用串线法。
2)快速作文法:两个选项难以分辨的时候,用这两个选项做作文,快速给出提纲。
3、选项不能选择局部信息,也不能选范围过宽的信息。
四、态度题1、标志:题干中出现attitude ,believe ,consider, deam,regard,deem2、作者态度可以分为三大类:1)正态度:支持,乐观,赞同2)客观、中立、公正3)反对、批评、怀疑3、等价选项都不选4、有些选项一定不是正确答案(永陪选项):indifferent(漠不关心);subjective(主观的);biased(有偏见的);puzzled(迷惑不解的)5、识别作者态度:方法一:可以根据作者论述的主线及举例的方式进行判断。
2015年医学博士外语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2015年医学博士外语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有:1. 2. 3. 4. 5. PartⅢCloze 6. PartⅣReading Comprehension 7. PartⅤWritingSection A听力原文:M: What about the problem that I’ve been having in sleeping?F: I’m going to give you a prescription of some medicine to help you get a better night’s sleep. Q: What does the man want to know?1.A.How to deal with his sleeping problem.B.The cause of his sleeping problem.C.What follows his insomnia.D.The severity of his medical problem.正确答案:A解析:此题为细节信息题。
通过对话我们得知这位男士睡眠不好,女士要给他开药,帮助他改善睡眠,因而A为答案。
听力原文:M: How long should I take them?W: The prescription is for 30 days. If you’re still feeling depressed after 30 days, I’d like you to come back in. Q: What does the woman advise the man to do if his problem continues?2.A.To take the medicine for a longer time.B.To discontinue the medication.C.To come to see her again.D.To switch to other medications.正确答案:C解析:此题为细节信息题。
考博英语面试中的常见问题和答案详解
考博英语面试中的常见问题和答案详解1. 介绍一下你自己。
我是一名法律硕士(LLM)毕业生,专攻国际商法。
在过去的几年里,我在一家律师事务所担任法律助理的职位。
我对法律领域有着浓厚的兴趣,并希望继续深入研究和学术探索。
我选择考博是为了进一步提升自己的专业知识和研究能力。
2. 为什么你想要攻读博士学位?我希望通过攻读博士学位,能够在法律领域做出更深入的研究和贡献。
博士学位将使我能够深入研究我感兴趣的领域,并与其他专家进行学术交流,拓宽我的视野。
我相信博士学位将为我提供更多的机会,让我在学术界和法律实践中取得更大的成就。
3. 你为什么选择我们的学校?我选择贵校是因为贵校在法律领域有着卓越的声誉和学术资源。
贵校的教师拥有丰富的研究经验和广泛的学术网络,他们的研究成果和学术贡献在国际上也有很高的认可度。
我相信在贵校的研究环境中,我将能够接触到最前沿的法律研究和理论,并与其他优秀的学者共同研究和成长。
4. 你的研究兴趣是什么?我的研究兴趣主要集中在国际商法领域。
具体来说,我对跨境交易、国际仲裁和国际贸易法有着浓厚的兴趣。
我希望通过深入研究这些领域,能够为国际商务领域的法律实践提供有价值的解决方案和建议。
5. 你的研究计划是什么?我的研究计划是通过对国际商法的深入研究,探讨跨境交易中法律风险管理的有效策略。
我计划分析国际商法中的法律问题和挑战,并提出相应的解决方案。
我希望通过我的研究,能够为国际商务领域提供实用性和可行性的法律建议,以帮助企业在跨境交易中降低法律风险并提高效率。
6. 你在研究方面有何经验?在过去的几年里,我在法律事务所工作期间参与了多个国际商务案件的研究和处理工作。
我负责分析和解决涉及国际合同、国际贸易纠纷和仲裁程序的法律问题。
这些经历使我熟悉了国际商法的实践操作和研究方法,并培养了我解决复杂法律问题的能力。
7. 你认为自己的研究能够对学术界和实践产生什么影响?我相信我的研究将能够对学术界和实践产生积极的影响。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-宁夏大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号:66
2022年考研考博-考博英语-宁夏大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The intelligence department was accused, of failure to()the troops to the possibility of an enemy attack during the weekend.问题1选项A.instructB.warnC.dictateD.alert【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。
A选项instruct“指导,通知”;B选项warn“警告(偏向于告诫)”;C选项dictate“命令,口述”;D选项alert“使警觉,警告(更加正式)”。
句意:情报部门被指控未能在周末向部队()敌人可能发动袭击的情况。
本句的句意是要表达“情报部门没有及时通报让部队警觉”,因此D选项符合题意。
2.单选题The meeting was() over by the mayor of the city.问题1选项A.presumedB.proposedC.presentedD.presided【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。
A选项presumed“假定,推测”;B选项proposed“建议,打算”;C选项presented“提出,呈递”;D选项presided“主持,担任会议主席”。
句意:会议由该市市长()。
本句表示“会议由市长主持”,因此D选项符合题意。
3.翻译题现在西方国家的有志之士都认识到,不同文明之间应学会共存,而不应因文化上的不同而走向冲突以致战争。
他们认为,不同民族和国家可以通过文化交往与对话取得某种“共识”,也即有一个从“不同”到某种意义上相互“认同”的过程。
这种相互“认同”是在两种不同文化中寻找交汇点,并在此基础上推动双方文化的发展,这正是“和”在不同文化中所起的作用。
【答案】Aspirants in Western countries have realized that peaceful coexistence among all civilizations should be upheld, while conflicts or even wars caused by cultural diversities should be avoided. They think different nations and countries can reach an agreement by cultural communication and interaction, which represents a process from “difference” to “agreement”. Reaching an agreement is the process of searching for the c ommon point in different culture and it is the coexistence that promotes the development of different culture.4.单选题The()of the man who beat the girl to death was not for money but for killing.问题1选项A.motiveB.motivationC.pushD.drive【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。
考博英语-113
考博英语-113(总分:100.00,做题时间:90分钟)一、{{B}}Part Ⅰ Reading Comprehension{{/B}}(总题数:4,分数:20.00)For this part, you are required to write a composition on the topic Foods are overwhelmingly the most advertised group of all consumer products in the United States. Food products lead in expenditures for network and spot television advertisements, discount coupons, trading stamps, contests, and other forms of premium advertising. In other media- newspapers, magazines, newspaper supplements, billboards, and radio- food advertising expenditures rank near the top. Food manufacturers spend more on advertising than any other manufacturing group, and the nation's grocery stores rank first among all retailers.Throughout the 1970s, highly processed foods have accounted for the bulk of total advertising. Almost all coupons, electronic advertising, national printed media advertising, consumer premiums ( other than trading stamps) as well as most push promotion come from processed and packaged food products. In 1978, breakfast cereals, soft drinks, candy and other desserts, oils and salad dressings, coffee, and prepared foods accounted for only an estimated 20 percent of the consumer food dollar. Yet these items accounted for about one half of all media advertising. By contrast, highly perishable foods such as unprocessed meats, poultry, fish and eggs, fruits and vegetables, and dairy products accounted for over half of the consumer food-at-home dollar. Yet these products accounted for less than 8 percent of national media advertising in 1.978, and virtually no discount coupons. These products tend to be most heavily advertised by the retail sector in local newspapers, where they account for an estimated 40 percent of retail grocery newspaper ads.When measured against total food-at-home expenditures, total measured food advertising accounts for between 3 and 3.7 cents out of every dollar spent on food in the nation's grocery stores. A little less than one cent of this amount is accounted for by electronic advertising ( mostly television) while incentives account for 0.6 cents. The printed media accounts for 0.5 cents and about one-third of one cent is comprised of discount coupon redemptions. The estimate for the cost of push promotion ranges from 0.7 to 1.4 cents. This range is necessary because of the difficulty in separating non-promotional aspects of direct selling—transportation, technical, and other related services. Against this gross consumer cost must be weighed the joint products or services provided by advertising. In the case of electronic advertising, the consumer who views commercial television receives entertainment, while readers of magazines and newspapers receive reduced prices on thesepublication. The consumer pays directly for some premiums, but also receives nonfood merchandise as an incentive to purchase the product. The "benefits" must, therefore, be subtracted from the gross cost to the consumer to fully assess the net cost of advertising.Also significant are the impacts of advertising on food demand, nutrition, and competition among food manufacturers. The bulk of manufacturers advertising is concentrated on a small portion of consumer food products. Has advertising changed the consumption of these highly processed products relative to more perishable foods such as meats, produce, and dairy products? Has the nutritional content of U. S. food consumption been influenced by food advertising? Has competition among manufacturers and retailers been enhanced or weakened by advertising? These are important questions and warrant continued research.(分数:5.00)(1).The author's attitude towards advertising can be characterized as ______.(分数:1.00)A.admiringB.condemningC.uncertainD.inquisitive √解析:(2).As used in the passage, the term "push promotion" means ______.(分数:1.00)A.coupon redemptionB.retail advertisingC.advertising in trade journalsD.direct selling √解析:(3).The author implies that advertising costs ______.(分数:1.00)A.are greater for restaurants than for at-home foodsB.should be discounted by the benefits of advertising to the consumer √C.are much higher in the United States than anywhere else in the worldD.for prepared foods are considerably higher than for natural foods for all media解析:(4).The purpose of the passage is to ______.(分数:1.00)A.warn about rising food advertising costsB.let experts see how overextended food advertising has becomeC.describe the costs of food advertising and the issues yet to be understood about its effects √D.congratulate the food industry on its effective advertising解析:(5).If it were discovered that the nutritional content of the U.S. food supply were degraded by the advertising of highly processed foods and such advertising was totally banned, which of the following possible results of the ban could be inferred from the passage?(分数:1.00)A.The subscription costs of publications might rise. √B.The cost of cable television might rise.C.The cost of free television might rise.D.Fewer consumers would watch certain television shows.解析:However important we may regard school life to be, there is no gainsayingthe fact that children spend more time at home than in the classroom. Therefore, the great influence of parents cannot be ignored or discounted by the teacher. They can become strong allies of the school personnel or they can consciously or unconsciously hinder and thwart curricular objectives.Administrators have been aware of the need to keep parents apprised of the newer methods used in schools. Many principals have conducted workshops explaining such matters as the reading readiness program, manuscript writing, and developmental mathematics.Moreover, the classroom teacher, with the permission of the supervisors, can also play an important role in enlightening parents. The many interviews carried on during the year as well as new ways of reporting pupils' progress, can significantly aid in achieving a harmonious interplay between school and home.To illustrate, suppose that a father has been drilling Junior in arithmetic processes night after night. In a friendly interview, the teacher can help the parent sublimate his natural paternal interest into productive channels. He might be persuaded to let Junior participate in discussing the family budget, buying the food. Using a yardstick or measuring cup at home, setting the clock, calculating mileage on a trip, and engaging in scores of other activities that have a mathematical basis. If the father follows the advice, it is reasonable to assume that he will soon realize his son is making satisfactory progress in mathematics and at the sams time, enjoying the work.Too often, however, teachers' conferences with parents are devoted to petty accounts of children's misdemeanors, complaints about laziness and poor work habits, and suggestions for penalties and rewards at home. What is needed is a more creative approach in which the teacher, as a professional adviser plants ideas in parents' minds for the best utilization of the many hours that the child spends out of the classroom. In this way, the school and the home join forces in fostering the fullest developmefit of youngsters' capacities.(分数:5.00)(1).The central idea conveyed in the above passage is that______.(分数:1.00)A.home training is more important than school training because a child spends so many hours with his parentsB.teachers can and should help parents to understand and further the objectives of the school √C.parents unwittingly have hindered and thwarted curricular objectivesD.there are many ways in which the mathematics program can be implemented at home解析:(2).The author directly discusses the fact that ______.(分数:1.00)A.parents drill their children too much in arithmeticB.principals have explained the new art programs to parentsC.a father can have his son help him construct articles at homeD.a parent's misguided efforts can be redirected to proper channels √解析:(3).It can reasonably be inferred that the author ______.(分数:1.00)A.is satisfied with present relationships between home and schoolB.feels that the traditional program in mathematics is slightly superior to the developmental programC.believes that schools are lacking in guidance personnelD.feels that parent-teacher interviews can be made much more constructive than they are at present √解析:(4).The author implies that______.(分数:1.00)A.participation in interesting activities relating to a school subject improves one's achievement in that area √B.too many children are lazy and have poor work habitsC.school principals do more than their share in interpreting the curriculum to the parentsD.only a small part of the school day should be set apart for drilling in arithmetic解析:(5).The author's primary purpose in writing this passage is to ______.(分数:1.00)A.tell parents to pay more attention to the guidance of teachers in the matter of educational activities in the homeB.help ensure that every child's capacities are fully developed when he leaves schoolC.urge teachers and school administrators to make use of a much underused resource—the parents √D.improve the teaching of mathematics解析:The newspaper must provide for the reader the facts, unalloyed, unsalted, objectively selected facts. But in these days of complex news it must provide more; it must supply interpretation, the meaning of the facts. This is the most important assignment confronting American journalism—to make clear to the reader the problems of the day, to make international news as understandable as community news, to recognize that there is no longer any such thing (with the possible exception of such scribbling as society and club news) as "local" news, because any event in the international area has a local reaction in manpower draft, in economic strain, in terms, indeed, of our very way of life.There is in journalism a widespread view that when you embark on interpretation, you are entering choppy and dangerous waters, the swirling tides of opinion. This is nonsense.The opponents of interpretation insist that the writer and the editor shall confine himself to the "facts". This insistence raises two questions: What arc the facts? And: Are the bare facts enough ?As to the first query, consider how a so-called" factual" story comes about. The reporter collects, say, fifty facts; out of these fifty, his space allotment being necessarily restricted, he selects the ten which he considers the most important. This is Judgment Number One. Then he or his editor decides which of these ten facts shall constitute the lead of the piece. ( This is an important decision because many readers do not proceed beyond the first paragraph. ) This is Judgment Number Two. Then the night editor determines whether the article shall be presented on pageone, where it has a large impact, or on page twenty-four, where it has little. Judgment Number Three.Thus, in the presentation of a so-called" factual" or" objective" story, at least three judgments are involved. And they are judgments not at all unlike those involved in interpretation, in which reporter and editor, calling upon their research resources, their general background, and their "news neutralism", arrive at a conclusion as to the significance of the news.The two areas of judgment, presentation of the news and its interpretation, are both objective rather than subjective processes—as objective, that is, as any human being can be (Note in passing: even though complete objectivity can never be achieved, nevertheless the ideal must always be the beacon on the murky news channels. ) If an editor is intent on slanting the news, he can do it in other ways and more effectively than by interpretation. He can do it by the selection of those facts that prop up his particular plea. Or he can do it by the play he gives a story -- promoting it to page one or demoting it to page thirty.(分数:5.00)(1).The title that best expresses the ideas of this passage is ______.(分数:1.00)A.Interpreting the News √B.Everything CountsC.Function of the Night EditorD.Subjective versus Objective Processes解析:(2).The writer of an article selects ten out of 50 available facts because______.(分数:1.00)A.space is limited √B.his editor is prejudicedC.the subject is not importantD.he is entering choppy and dangerous waters解析:(3).The author is implying that ______.(分数:1.00)A.in writing a factual story, the writer must use judgment √B.the writer should limit himself to the factsC.the writer should make the story interestingD.reporters slant their stories解析:(4).The lead sentence should present the most important fact because ______.(分数:1.00)A.it will influence the reader to continueB.it will gratify the editorC.some readers do not read beyond the first paragraph √D.it is the best way to write, according to the schools of journalism解析:(5).Placement of a story on page one or page twenty-four will control its ______.(分数:1.00)A.accuracyB.impartialityC.impact √D.relative importance解析:Both plants and animals of many sorts show remarkable changes in form, structure, growth habits, and even mode of reproduction in becoming adapted to different climatic environment, types of food supply, or mode of living. This divergence in response to evolution is commonly expressed by altering the form and function of some part or parts of the organism, the original identity of which is clearly discernible. For example, the creeping foot of the snail is seen in related marine preemptors to be modified into a flapping organ useful for swimming, and is changed into prehensile arms that bear sartorial disks in the squids and other cephalopods. The limbs of various mammals are modified according to several different modes of life—for swift running (cursorial) as in the horse and antelope, for swinging to several different modes of life—for swinging in trees (arboreal) as in the monkey, for digging ( fossorial ) as in the moles and gophers, for flying (volant) as in the bats, for swimming (aquatic) as in the seals, whales and dolphins, and for other adaptations. The structures or organs that show main change in connection with this adaptive divergence are commonly identified readily as homologous, in spite of great alterations. Thus, the fingers and wrist bones of a bat and whale, for instance, have virtually nothing in common except that they are definitely equivalent elements of the mammalian limb. (分数:5.00)(1).The best title for this passage is ______.(分数:1.00)A.Adoptive Divergence √B.EvolutionC.Unusual StructuresD.Changes in Organs解析:(2)."Homologous" means______.(分数:1.00)A.alteredB.corresponding √C.divergentD.mammalian解析:(3).Plants and animals change in form ______.(分数:1.00)A.as they evolve √B.to adjust to environmentC.because of their structureD.because of their mode of reproduction解析:(4).Homes, monkeys, moles, bats, and whales are______.(分数:1.00)A.fossorialB.volantC.aquaticD.mammalian √解析:(5).Cephalopods have(分数:1.00)A.suctorial disks √B.flapping organsC.discernible organsD.homologous organs解析:二、{{B}}Part Ⅱ Vocabulary{{/B}}(总题数:30,分数:15.00)1.On______ to power the new President announced a program of social reforms.(分数:0.50)A.arrivinging √C.achievingD.reaching解析:2.The technology exists to complement and______ the human mind.(分数:0.50)A.amplify √B.enrichC.stretchD.enhance解析:3.Since she believed him to be both candid and trustworthy, she refused to consider the possibility that his statement had been ______.(分数:0.50)A.dissatisfiedB.irrelevantC.insincere √D.nonsensical解析:4.Your letters ______ those pleasant days when we worked together, I'll remember forever. (分数:0.50)A.call outB.call forC.call up √D.call on解析:5.The patient was making good progress but suffered a ______ when he caught a cold.(分数:0.50)A.setoffB.set-inC.setdownD.setback √解析:6.The team should play very hard because the championship of the state was______.(分数:0.50)A.at costB.at faultC.at stake √D.at large解析:7.Many quarrels have______ through misunderstanding; how to solve them is important.(分数:0.50)e about √e alonge arounde by解析:8.Research shows that many voters who haven't yet made up their minds are ______towards the Democrats.(分数:0.50)A.slidingB.transferringC.skiddingD.tilting √解析:9.The middle-aged woman has been ______ with a serious illness for half a year; she is dying now. (分数:0.50)id downid offid up √id in解析:10.No one really knows who composed this piece of music, but it has been ______ to Bach. (分数:0.50)A.referred √B.attributedC.identifiedD.associated解析:11.After several ______ attempts to send the missile into space, the spacecraft was finally launched successfully.(分数:0.50)A.abortive √B.difficultC.experimentalD.excellent解析:12.Reading became difficult for the old man, so the optician ______ glasses.(分数:0.50)A.prescribed √B.subscribedC.inscribedD.described解析:13.My friend's parents ______ her to marry the poor young man, but at last she succeeded. (分数:0.50)A.bannedB.prohibitedC.preventedD.forbade √解析:14.They had their electricity ______ because they didn't pay the bill.(分数:0.50)A.cut inB.cut off √C.cut downD.cut out解析:15.The Trojan War proved to the Greeks that cunning and ______ were often more effective than military might.(分数:0.50)A.artifice √B.strengthC.wisdomD.beauty解析:16.Some workers find it hard to ______ themselves to the new working conditions.(分数:0.50)A.suitB.accommodate √C.caterD.furnish解析:17.There are no solitary, free-living creature; every form of life is ______ other form. (分数:0.50)A.parallel toB.dependent on √C.segregated fromD.overlapped with解析:18.Though he was almost ninety years old, he was still alive and ______.(分数:0.50)A.alert √B.graveC.elegantD.persistent解析:19.Mary didn't ______the new rule that her father made of being home at 5 o'clock.(分数:0.50)A.take inB.take afterC.take onD.take to √解析:20.Since she knew nothing about a foreign language, she was ______ by the menu at the restaurant and did not know how to' order.(分数:0.50)A.bewildered √B.shakenC.annoyedD.stunned解析:21.There is a direct flight at 3: 00 or a flight at 7: 30 in the morning that ______ in Los Angeles. (分数:0.50)A.stops byB.stops inC.stops over √D.stops up解析:22.The remedies proposed for dealing with the situation ore only ______ promises for action for the future.(分数:0.50)A.courageousB.colossalC.vague √D.elaborate解析:23.Martin asked his professor for some comments on his report but it was ______.(分数:0.50)A.turned down √B.turned offC.turned upD.turned on解析:24.We had a lot of good applicants for the job, but Thomas Taylor ______ from the rest by havinga degree in marketing.(分数:0.50)A.singled outB.checked OutC.stood asideD.stood ont √解析:25.The club members voted to ______ the ban on smoking.(分数:0.50)A.refrainB.repeal √C.repelD.reside解析:26.He was not ______ and preferred to be alone most of the time.(分数:0.50)A.antisocialB.graciousC.sociable √D.cordial解析:27.The table has a plastic coating which prevents liquids from ______ into the wood beneath. (分数:0.50)A.permeating √B.circulatingC.scatteringD.spilling解析:28.The football match was______ because of the snow.(分数:0.50)A.called off √B.put awayC.set asideD.counted on解析:29.The likely reactions of the market would need to be ______ before we decide to take action. (分数:0.50)A.held on toB.backed upC.reflected on √D.cleared away解析:30.After they tested the chemical and biological ______ of the samples we had sent them, they wrote up the report.(分数:0.50)A.assetsB.charactersC.abnormitiesD.properties √解析:三、{{B}}Part Ⅲ Cloze{{/B}}(总题数:1,分数:20.00)A{{U}} (51) {{/U}}of foreign words still look like foreign words; there are often expressions which{{U}}(52) {{/U}}originally used by people who wanted to sound particularly well-educated. It was the desire to be scholarly that brought{{U}} (53) {{/U}}a wave of Latin terms which appeared in the 16th century{{U}} (54) {{/U}}the Humanist movement brought new impetus to learning throughout Europe.{{U}} (55) {{/U}}such as, e. g. (from the Latin meaning a voluntary example); PS (meaning" added after the latter has been written" ); a.m. and{{U}} (56) {{/U}}( meaning "before noon" and" after noon" ) came into the language at this time. Nowadays they are{{U}} (57) {{/U}}common that most people don't even know{{U}} (58) {{/U}}the letters actually stand for and there's certainly nothing learned about using them today !In addition to the words brought to English{{U}} (59) {{/U}}foreigners, there are plenty of words which the British have collected from the countries they have settled in all{{U}} (60) {{/U}}the world. There are even a few Chinese words, which I’m sure a Chinese speaker would recognize from the way we pronounce them:" typhoon" is a great wind; "to kow-tow" is to bow down low; a "sampan" is a small wooden boat. Over 5,000 of the words in common use in English today are words of foreign{{U}} (61) {{/U}}. Some of them are clearly recognizable{{U}} (62) {{/U}}foreign like "au pair" or "rendezvous";{{U}} (63) {{/U}}now look so English that only a language historian knows{{U}} (64) {{/U}}they came from.So English is in a state of permanent development. Both in Britain and abroad it is gaining{{U}} (65) {{/U}}words and expressions, and dropping and changing old{{U}} (66) {{/U}}. Words changes their meaning, and they go in and out of fashion{{U}} (67) {{/U}}hairstyles. Nobody knows all the four million words that are said to exist; a well-educated person probably{{U}} (68) {{/U}}under 20,000. So don't be surprised if you never encounter some of the expressions that still appear in school textbook; and next time you hear somebody using a strange word you haven't heard{{U}} (69) {{/U}}, you can comfort yourself that there may well be a native speaker somewhere who doesn't know it{{U}} (70) {{/U}}.(分数:20.00)(1).(分数:1.00)填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:number/lot)解析:填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:were)解析:填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:about)解析:填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:when)解析:填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:Abbreviations)解析:填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:p.m.)解析:填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:so)解析:填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:what)解析:填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:by)解析:填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:over)解析:填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:origin)解析:填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:as)解析:填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:others)解析:填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:where)解析:填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:new)解析:填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:ones)解析:填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:like)解析:填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:use)解析:填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:before)解析:填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:either)解析:四、{{B}}Part Ⅳ English-Chinese Translation{{/B}}(总题数:1,分数:15.00)At the age of twelve years, the human body is at its most vigorous. It has yet to reach its full size and strength, and its owner his or her full intelligence; but at this age the likelihood of death is least. 71. {{U}}Earlier, we were infants and young children, and consequently more vulnerable; later, we shall undergo a progressive loss of our vigor and resistance which, though imperceptible at first, will finally become so steep that we can live no longer, however well we look after ourselves, and however well society, and our doctors, look after us{{/U}}. This decline in vigor with the passing of time is called aging. It is one the most unpleasant discoveries which we make that we must decline in this way, that if we escape wars, accidents and diseases we shall eventually "die of old age", and that this happens at a rate which differs little from person to person, so that there are heavy odds in favor of our dying between the ages of sixty-five and eighty. Some of us will die sooner, a few will live longer on into a ninth or tenth decade. But the chances are against it, and there is a virtual limit on how long we can hope to remain alive, however lucky and robust we are.Normal people tend to forget this process unless and until they are reminded of it. 72. {{U}}We are so familiar with the fact that man ages, that people have for years assumed that the process of losing vigor with time, of becoming more likely to die the older we get was somethingself-evident, like the cooling of a kettle of hot water or the wearing-out of a pair of shoes.{{/U}} They are also assumed that all animals, and probably other organisms such as trees, or even the universe itself, must in the nature of things "wear out". Most animals we commonly observe do in fact age as we do if given the chances to live long enough; and mechanical systems like a wound watch, or the sun, do in fact run out of energy in accordance with the second law of thermodynamics. But these are not analogous to what happens when man ages. A run-down watch is still a watch and can be rewound. An old watch, by contrast, becomes so worn and unreliable that it eventually is not worth mending. But a watch could never repair itself—it does not consist of living parts, only of metal, which wears away by friction. 73. {{U}}We could, at one time, repair ourselves—well enough, at least, to overcome all but the most instantly fatal illnesses and accidents. Between twelve and eighty years we gradually lose the power; an illness which at twelve would knock us over, at eighty years can knock us out, and into our grave. If we could stay as vigorous as we are at twelve, it would take about 700 years for half of us to die, and another 700 for the survivors to be reduced by half again.{{/U}}(分数:15.00)(1).(分数:5.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:()解析:12岁之前,我们是幼儿和孩童,因此身体比较脆弱;12岁以后,我们便开始经历一种生命力和抵抗力都逐渐衰退的过程。
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2015宁夏大学考博英语历年真题一、招考介绍从整体上看,由于博士生招生形势的不断发展各院校博士生入学考试的难度越来越大,对考生的外语水平要求也越来越高,特别是听、说能力。
攻读博士学位的学生,一方面应该具备坚实的专业理论基础和扎实的科研能力,另一方面还应该具备较高水平的外语能力。
二、宁夏大学考博英语题型英语题型介绍:一般宁夏大学的考博英语分数线在55分左右。
Part1:选择填空50个小题,共25分,前20题是(四选一),后30个是按所给4项答案的正确形式填空,相当于完形填空。
Part2:阅读理解5篇,共25分,每篇5小题(四选一)。
Part3:翻译,共30分,(英译汉5句话,共15分,是翻译一段文字里指定的5句话;汉译英,共15分,是大约翻译200字左右的一整段文字。
)Part4:写作,共20分,要求词数不得少于250个词。
三、考博英语必备参考书育明考博教研部主编,河北大学出版社出版的《考博英语真题解析》和《考博词汇》是考博人必备的两本书。
在当当网,亚马逊和全国各大书店均有销售,也可以联系我们直接购买。
四、联系导师在初步定好考博学校之后,就要和所报考院校中意的老师取得联系,询问是否有招生名额,能否报考,这是我们考博成功的关键第一步。
大多数考生会在九月中下旬与导师取得联系。
因为太早,学校里面直博名额什么的还没有确定,报考的导师也不清楚是否有名额;太晚的话,怕别的学生比你早联系就不好了。
一般情况下,导师对一个学生很中意的话,后来联系的学生,导师一般也不会答应其报考了。
在此说点题外话,联系导师的过程中,如果读研期间的导师有关系,可以尽量利用。
如果没有,也没关系,凭着自己的本事也是可以和考博导师很好的沟通的,这就要看自己了。
通常跟导师初次联系,都是发邮件。
导师回复邮件的情况一般有几种:(1)、欢迎报考。
这种答复最笼统,说明不了问题。
我们可以接着努力和老师多沟通,看看具体的进展,避免出现初试之后却没有名额的情况。
(2)、名额有限,可以报考,但有竞争。
很多人说这样的回复不满意,认为希望很小一般会被刷。
其实这样还是比较好的一种回答,最起码导师没有骗你而且给你机会去证明自己,考的好就可以上。
(3)、你的研究方向和我一样......各种一大堆他的研究方向和你相关,欢迎报考什么的话。
不可否认,这是最好的情况,你可以放心的去考,一般不会出问题的。
但不排除偶然,像出现直博和本学校的硕转博名额问题,可能会给我们的报考和录取产生影响。
总之考博凭的是实力和自身的本事,关系只是占一部分,自己努力了就行,不用过分纠结于导师回复有没有啥隐含意思的。
初次联系好导师后,一定要注意跟导师保持联系。
每半个月或者一个月向导师汇报一下学习情况或者复习情况,交流一下科研方向,这很有必要。
一方面让导师觉得你很想去跟他深造,另一方面显得你虔诚好学。
五、听力答题技巧1、卷子发下来后快速的浏览一遍,包括题干和答案。
这样会大大提高你对听力的理解---知道它是讲什么内容,大概是怎么回事。
联系我们扣扣:四一六九二五五五九。
电话:四零零六六八六九七八。
扣扣群:一零五六一九八二零。
2、没听懂的题目,就放弃它,千万不要在听下道题的时候还在想上道题。
这样会引起头脑的混乱。
3、相信第一感觉,听力部分不是非常确凿的感觉的话不要改动开始的答案。
人的大脑有时候会混淆的。
因此很多情况下不是你选错了,而是改错了。
因此轻易别选,但是选了之后轻易别改。
(1)提炼选项中的重要信息考生务必先看选项。
当录音人开始宣读Directions时,考生应充分利用这段时间速读选项,预测考点,从而做到心中有数。
通过先看选项,可以明确题目多方面的信息。
(2)掌握节奏合理安排时间可能没有哪种考试对时间安排的要求比听力考试还要苛刻。
“录音不等人”,所以很多考生答题时都很紧张。
其实,听力考试每分钟阅读的字数和停顿时间有严格限制:约每分钟140词,每个问题后有约15秒停顿。
拍子已经固定,我们要做的是跟上节奏,过分的紧张只会造成混乱,直接影响发挥。
答题时,考生切勿在某一题上花费过多的时间(一般少于10秒/题),剩余的时间用于阅读下一题的选项和大胆猜测考点。
一旦没有听懂就根据已经掌握的信息迅速猜一个答案,马上进入下一题的节奏。
千万不可拖泥带水,否则破坏了节奏,可能造成随后的简单题目失分。
答案选定后可放松一口气,然后尽可能多看下一题乃至两题的选项。
(3)听力是一种Paraphrase考试Paraphrase就是运用同类词语的替换或句型的变换解释句或段的意义。
听力考试多数时候是一种paraphrase考试,它往往考的不是考生是否听见,而是考考生是否听懂。
把命题中的对话和段落原封不动地照搬到答案里,等着考生把它挑出来,在考博听力考试中这种题型几乎找不到。
绝大多数题目,要求考生把听到的原文进行变换和归纳,对应到选项中。
如此一来,我们不光得竖起耳朵听,还得开动脑筋想。
这就造成有的考生听懂了原文的每个字,却选不出答案。
要避免这种情况,请注意正确答案的固定特征:(4)听懂语调和重音英语和汉语一样,说话人通过各种各样的语调和重音的变化表达不同的意思。
考博听力中,专业的录音人更是力求表演得真实,他们绝不会用平淡的语调表示自己的惊讶,也绝不会把重音放在无关紧要的词上。
重读的每一处都具有提示作用。
因而,从录音人的表现中就能推测出人物的心理活动、观点和态度。
重音和语调是最为重要的线索。
辨认录音人语调中的信息在听力考试中比听懂单个词更重要。
(5)针对题型逐个演练不管是对话还是文段,听力考试的提问可分主题题型、细节题型、推断题型和语言点题型四大类。
我们可以在平时的练习中有意识的总结做题的方法和技巧。
六、阅读理解的解题技巧其实考博阅读的技巧是有针对性的,看整篇文章就是为了弄清文章的框架,具体的问题我们可以不管,但文章的层次必须弄清楚。
只有弄清了文章的层次,具体的问题才好归类,结合课后问题才能快速定位问题答案。
另外我发现考博的题目基本都围绕在文章的各层次主干上,细枝末节上基本没有涉题,于是就会发现,原文几百字的文章,真正需要了解的只有主干的几十字而已,其余的东西都可省。
当我们划去冗余,就会发现几十字的文章骨架基本覆盖所有的问题。
可见,对于考博阅读,若要高效正确的征服,必须学会快速分析文章的主干。
这就是基于逻辑的阅读,上升到理论层面的阅读模式。
下面进行具体分析:(1)主旨在英语阅读中要弄清楚层次,个人以为要弄清文章主旨,段落中心以及段落内部的次中心,这些在一些文章主旨题和一些细节题上很受用。
常规的文章主旨都会有其固定的出现地点:首段末尾处、第二段的开头和最后一段。
当然也有非常规的情况,这就需要靠自己的能力去寻找。
找主旨需要慢慢训练,常规的、非常规的文章都能通过真题并结合后面的专家解析,这样能力就能够很快地提升。
(2)常规文章行文逻辑本文中一直的强调要重视文章逻辑,那么,一般的都有哪些逻辑呢?通过一般归纳总结,大致可以得到四个逻辑框架。
这些框架特别有助于理解文章的总体内容,阅读过程按框架有重点地跳读,辨明逻辑主线,在把握文章重点、段落中心和段内次中心基础上,会有很好的效果。
也许,在做考博阅读之初,很多平日里有扎实功底的同学也会出现全军覆没的局面,出现这种情况,并不一定是英语词汇有巨大的缺知,而可能是逻辑上出现混乱。
现在将框架简单介绍如下:框架1:提出问题——分析问题——解决问题框架2:叙述现象——分析现象——结论框架3:提出观点——支持or反驳该观点——重申观点框架4:两种东西对比——分项对比——总体对照在阅读中要有意识的将文章归类分析,弄清逻辑,以上列出的是主干,还需进一步分析到枝叶,这样才能达到层次清晰的程度。
到段落级别,文章中心也容易辨出,多数文章中心在首末,少数会出现在段中。
于是在理解阅读文章的时候,在定位完毕后尽量将重点阅读范围扩大多句,观察所在句子在段落中的地位和在全文的地位。
一般情况,较接近的段中心和段落次中心往往就是正确答案,当然在最终填写答案的时候还是细细分析更为可靠。
(3)暗含答案的重点位置所谓文章重点就是阅读文章时得特别关注的地方,也是我们在浏览文章时眼界的着力点。
在考博阅读中,出题点一般都是文章中较为重要的地方,常见的有段落的中心和次中心;对于非中心,考博文章一般不会考察。
这是博士研究生入学考试的选拔性和阅读科技论文实用性所决定的。
上述的逻辑对于宏观题基本可以一网打尽,但对于微观题,我们必须通过重点位置的提示来解决。
下面通过一些分析和重点位置的介绍来理解把握文章的细节:1)所有文章的中心与段落中心和次中心。
2)转折和因果。
在阅读中,最好把含有转折和因果的词句标出来,因为转折和因果都意味着作者的观点和态度,相对一般句子更有强调性。
例如:because,for,but,however……3)表示观点的句子、观点的词可能多处出现,当然并不是所有观点的句子和词汇都是重点,但值得一读。
阅读文章中对这些词语的敏感是件令人兴奋的事情,所以平时应做好积累。
例如:agree,acknowledge,assert,see,insist,according to,find,think,believe,show,point out,content,acclaim,say等4)特殊标点符号,有的表示具体说明、有表解释、有表反义等等,均有或强或弱的强调意味,主要的特殊标点符号有:——、()、“”等。
5)情态动词。
should,must都能表达作者感情的因素,能从侧面反映作者对于某事物的观点,理应重点阅读。
6)特殊句型。
例如副词提前加逗号这种形式Variety,……,Significantly,……副词在句中起着很大作用,能反映态度,能表程度,这种特殊句型更有强调的成分,值得多阅读分析。
7)有指代的比较级、最高级和such/so等。
上面列举的一些重点特征很多,无异就是一些相对突出强调的词语。
阅读文章的时候,仅靠这些重点基本上可以做出大部分的阅读题。
阅读时快速画出重点,仅阅读含有重点特征的句子,对文章进行“减肥”,以提高阅读效率。
(4)选项特点1)正确答案的特点a、与原文句子同义词替换。
b、相对原文语法变化,如原文中的被动变为主动。
C、正面反面,即原文句子的否定形式,答案变成肯定的正面叙述;原文是肯定形式,从正面叙述,答案变成否定形式从反面叙述。
d、AB角度,原文从A角度叙述某事,而答案从B角度叙述同一件事情,本质不变。
e、具体抽象,即原文具体事例,答案变为抽象概括,或反之。
2)干扰选项的特点a、照抄原文,个别词语不同。
b、一半信息符合原文,一半信息不符。
c、将原文某些信息张冠李戴。
d、与原文叙述的内容相反。
e、与原文中没有出现观点新信息。
f、含有绝对化的词语,如only,always,never,all,everything,anything,everywhere,everybody,nobody。