高中英语Unit1AlandofdiversitySectionⅠWarmingUp&Reading_Pre_reading教学案新人教版选修8

Unit 1 A land of diversity Section Ⅰ Warming Up &amp；Reading -Pre-readingAmerican Indians are the native people in the United States. They belong to morethan 部落These are areas that the United States government set up for native tribes that had lost their lands to European settlers. Some reservations are larger than American states. The Bureau of Indian Affairs supervises these territories. Tribes on reservations have limited self­ru le. Generally， American Indians do not enjoy the same economic and educational success as other Americans. They earn less money and have more unemployment than other Americans. They also have higher rates of disease and die younger than other American groups. However， the American Indian economy has grown at three times the national rate since the 1980s. Some of the improvement has come from expansion of the American Indian gambling industry. Many Indian tribes have legalized gambling on their reservations.Section_ⅠWarming Up & Reading —Pre­reading[原文呈现][读文清障]CALIFORNIACalifornia is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population①. It also has the distinction② of being the most multicultural③state in the USA, having attracted people from all over the world④. The customs and languages of the immigrants⑤live on⑥ in their new home. This diversity of culture is not surprising when you know the history of California⑦.①population n．人口(数)②distinction/dI'stIŋkʃn/n.差别；区分；卓著③multicultural adj.多元文化的④现在分词短语having attracted people ...作结果状语。

⑤immigrant/'ImIɡrənt/n.(从外国移入的)移民⑥live on继续存在；继续生存⑦when引导的时间状语从句。

加利福尼亚[第1段译文]加利福尼亚是美国的第三大州，但它是人口最多的州。

加州与众不同之处在于它也是美国最具多元文化的一个州，它吸引了来自世界各地的人们。

这些移民的风俗习惯以及语言在他们的新家都得以延续。

当你了解了加利福尼亚的历史时，你就不会对其文化的多样性感到惊奇了。

NATIVE AMERICANSExactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows. However, it is likely that⑧Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait⑨in the Arctic⑩ to America by means of⑪ a land bridge which existed in prehistoric⑫times⑬.In the 16th century, after the arrival of the Europeans, the native people suffered⑭greatly. Thousands were killed or forced into slavery. In addition⑮，many died from⑯the diseases brought by the Europeans⑰. However, some survived⑱ these terrible times, and today there are more Native Americans living in California⑲ than in any other state.⑧it is likely that ... “很可能……”，该句型中it是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语。

⑨Bering/'beərIŋ/Strait/streIt/白令海峡⑩Arctic/'ɑːktIk/adj.北极的；北极区的the Arctic北极⑪by means of ... 用……办法；借助……means/miːnz/n.手段；方法means单复数同形。

⑫prehistoric/ˌpriːhI'stɒrIk/adj.史前的⑬which引导的定语从句，修饰“a land bridge”。

⑭suffer vi.受苦；受难vt.遭受；蒙受⑮in addition (to) 除……之外，加之⑯die from 死于⑰过去分词短语brought by the Europeans作后置定语，修饰the diseases。

⑱survive vt.&vi.活下来，幸免⑲现在分词短语 living in California 作后置定语，修饰Native Americans。

[第2段译文]洲土著人最早一批人具体是在什么时候来到我们现在了解的加利福尼亚地区的，谁也说不清楚。

然而，可能至少在15 000年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。

科学家们认为这些迁居者是通过一条史前时代曾经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。

欧洲人在16世纪来到这里后，土著人遭受了极大的苦难，成千上万的人被杀害或被迫成为奴隶。

此外，欧洲人带来了疾病，使许多人染病而死。

不过，还是有一些人经历了这些恐怖时期而活下来了。

今天住在加利福尼亚的美洲土著人比任何其他州的都要多。

THE SPANISHIn the 18th century California was ruled by Spain. Spanish soldiers first arrived in South America in the early 16th century, when they fought against the native people and took their land ⑳. Two centuries later, the Spanish had settled in most parts of South America and along the northwest coast of what we now call the United States○21. Of the first Spanish to go to California○22，the majority○23 were religious men, whose ministry○24 was to teach the Catholic○25 religion to the natives○26. In 1821, the people of Mexico gained their independence from○27 Spain. California then became part of Mexico. In 1846 the United States declared war on○28 Mexico, and after the war won by the USA○29，Mexico had to give California to the USA. However, there is still a strong Spanish influence in the state. That is why○30 today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.⑳when引导的定语从句，修饰 the early 16th century。

○21what ...是介词of的宾语从句，what在宾语从句中作call的宾语，the United States作宾补。

○22动词不定式短语to go to California 作后置定语，修饰the first Spanish。

当名词前有序数词、形容词最高级或only修饰时，其后用to do 作定语，不用doing。

○23majority/mə'dʒɒrətI/n.大多数；大半(常与the连用，构成the majority of ...)○24ministry/'mInIstrI/n. (政府的)部；(全体)牧师；牧师的职责○25Catholic/'kæθəlIk/adj.天主教的n．天主教徒○26whose ministry ... 是whose引导的定语从句，修饰religious men, whose在从句中作定语，修饰ministry。