2012 HIghlights 新品发布
Power Apps 2019 发布版本2 新特性指南说明书
In this guide, you will be able to learn the most important things about this release wave. These will help you plan to onboard the release updates with confidence.T op things to knowNew capability highlightsThe 2019 release wave 2, brings to market significant new services and capabilities to enable digital transformation for businesses. For Power Apps, these new capabilities include: •Power Apps Portals enables makers create a powerful new type of experience: web portals that surface data stored in Common Data Service to employees or users outside their organizations.•AI Builder enables makers to build AI without knowing programming or data science. Using AI is made even easier with integration directly into Power Apps and Power Automate.•Quality tools for testing and debugging enables app makers and testers can leverage the Power Apps test framework to create UI automation and end-to-end tests for their canvas apps.•Power Apps component framework enables professional developers to build custom components that can be used in canvas apps.•Unified interface enhancements brings all the rich experiences to any client.Key milestonesGet prepared to onboard the new 2019 release wave 2 updates with confidence. Early access of the release wave, October update will start on August 2nd , 2019 and will be generally available on October 1st , 2019.For Power Apps administratorsEnd-user impacting features should be reviewed by Power Apps administrators. This facilitates release changemanagement and enables successful onboarding of new capabilities released to market. Look for all features tagged “End users, automatically” in the release plan.2019 release wave 2October 2019-March 2020Watch the release overview videoGet an overview of the new capabilities and enhancements to Power Apps.Visit: aka.ms/ROGPA19RW2ROVRead the release planExplore the entire set of new capabilities planned for 2019 release wave 2.Visit: aka.ms/ROGPA19RW2RPJoin the Power Apps communityVisit: aka.ms/ROGPA19RW2UCUnlock Next.New capability highlightsThese capabilities outline our commitment to deliver on our roadmap priorities. To learn more about the entire set of capabilities being delivered during this release wave, visit: aka.ms/ROGPA19RW2RPSolution checker enhancementsSolution checker is now available to be automated via PowerShell or Azure DevOps build tasks. Solutions can be from online or on-premise Dynamics environments. Managed and unmanaged solutions are now supported. Power Apps canvas apps and Flow checker results are also now included in solution checker results.Guest accessPower Apps canvas apps support sharing of apps with users outside of your company. Sharing of an app is as easy as sharing with an employee. Guests can run the apps on the web or on their mobile device. Guests can also access canvas apps in SharePoint lists.2019 release wave 2October 2019-March 2020Watch the overview video: aka.ms/ROGPA19RW2ROV1Watch the overview video: aka.ms/ROGPA19RW2ROV2Building with componentsPower Apps component framework for canvas appsPower Apps component framework allows professional developers to build custom components that can be used in canvas apps. Makers can import custom components to enhance their canvas apps with the functionality that is not available out of the box. Public preview of Power Apps component framework allows developers and makers to test their customcomponents in canvas apps, taking advantage of the growing list of supported APIs, as well as the new theming system.Power Apps component framework for model-driven appsThe Power Apps component framework is generally available for model-driven apps, allowing professional developers to create custom components for use across the full breadth of Power Apps capabilities. Third-party developers can now create their own custom components using the libraries and services of their choice and add these reusable components to any model-driven app. The framework not only saves time but also unlocks powerful capabilities for advanced interactions. To facilitate the development of custom components, the Microsoft Power Apps CLI tool enables fast component creation, easy debugging, built-in validation, and testing using the code editor of your choice.Power Apps test frameworkApp makers and testers can leverage the Power Apps test framework to create UI automation and end-to-end tests for their canvas apps. App makers can catch and react to issues early as they move across environments, test out the latest service versions, or push updates to their existing production applications.Watch the overview video: aka.ms/ROGPA19RW2ROV3New capability highlightsUnified Interface enhancementsAnchoring error notifications in Unified InterfaceUsers will be able to quickly navigate to a field on a form that has an error from a notification by simply clicking on the error message. The focus will be set on the error field, reducing clicks and improving productivity when there is an error on a form.Improved usability, density, and filtering capabilities for the Unified Interface gridThe Unified Interface grid now includes several updates focused on usability and navigation for end users. The grid layout and styling has been optimized to improve density, allowing users to see more records on a single screen without feeling cluttered. This update removes unused and redundant space in the grid that has been highlighted in user feedback as impactingefficiency and making the grid harder to navigate. In addition to the density changes, updates have been made to improve the filtering and navigation behavior. Now as users filter records in the view page, navigate to a record, and return to the grid, the filters on the grid are remembered. This allows end users to navigate back and forth between the grid and filtered records without reapplying the filter, search, or view selection each time. Improvements have also been made to the advanced grid column filtering options to find their records quickly. This includes filtering on the activity type field and alignment of date field filtering for existing operators.Form header usability improvementsCustomers will have an improved experience when they open and read information for a record in the Unified Interface with increased data density and usability with the form header.Timeline wall improvements in Unified InterfaceManaging activities in the timeline wall will be faster and more responsive with improvements to data density and usability.Enhancements include:•Easily expand and collapse activities in the timeline wall.•Simple icons that help users quickly identify key activities.•Quick and easy access to the command bar to perform common actions on an activity.2019 release wave 2October 2019-March 2020Watch the overview video: aka.ms/ROGPA19RW2ROV4Power Apps PortalsAs part of this feature, Power Apps and Dynamics 365 makers can create a new type of app called Portal to create a website that can be extended to users who are outside your organization and can sign in with a wide variety of identities, or even browse the content anonymously.This feature will provide full capabilities of Dynamics 365 for Customer Engagement Portal, previously offered only as an add-on to Dynamics 365 for Customer Engagement applications. It also features a revamped end-to-end experience for makers to quickly create a website, customize it with pages, layout, and content, reuse page design through templates, add forms, views, and other key data from Common Data Service, and publish to users. With these new capabilities, makers can deliver rich, web-based experiences to users far beyond their fellow employees, unlocking a host of business scenarios for employees, business to business (B2B) partners, and end customers.Watch the overview video: aka.ms/ROGPA19RW2ROV52019 release wave 2October 2019-March 2020For Power Apps administratorsEnd-user impacting features to the user experience enabled automaticallyEnd-user impacting features should be reviewed by application administrators. This facilitates release change management and enables successful onboarding of new capabilities released to market. For the complete list, look for all features tagged “End users, automatically” in the release plan.Features that must be enabled by application administratorsThis release wave contains features that must be enabled or configured by administrators, makers, or business analysts to be available for their end users. For the complete list, look for all features tagged “End users by admins, makers, or analysts” i n the release plan.Update process and global rolloutEarly accessApplication administrators can try out new capabilities in a non-production deployment prior to receiving release updates in their production deployment starting on August 2nd , 2019. Learn how to enable access to these enhancements with confidence. Visit: aka.ms/EarlyAccessFeaturesGeneral availabilityThe 2019 release wave 2, October update will be deployed in production environment for all customer starting October 1st, 2019. For more information on specific timelines, please visit: aka.ms/ROGPA19RW2GATKey milestonesPrepare to onboard the new release update with confidence.Early access for the 2019 release wave 2,October update will start on August 2nd , 2019. General availability is October 1st , 2019.June 10, 2019August 2, 2019October 1, 2019Release plan availableLearn about the new capabilities coming in the 2019 release wave 2 (October 2019 –March 2020) across Dynamics 365 and the Power Platform.General availabilityProduction deployment for 2019 release wave 2, October update begins.Early access availableTry the new capabilities before they get enabled automatically for end-users as part of the 2019 release wave 2, October update.2019 release wave 2October 2019-March 2020Get the most out of Power AppsRelease planaka.ms/ROGPA19RW2RPView all capabilities included in this release.Release calendaraka.ms/ROGPA19RW2RCKnow important release milestones.Product releasesaka.ms/ROGPA19RW2PRStay up to date on product updates.Licensingaka.ms/ROGPA19RW2LGImprove your understanding of how to license Power Apps.User community aka.ms/ROGPA19RW2UCEngage with Power Apps experts and peers in the community.Upcoming events aka.ms/ROGPA19RW2EFind and register for in person events and online webinars.Product documentationaka.ms/ROGPA19RW2PDFind documentation for Power Apps.©2019Microsoft Corporation.All rights reserved.This document is for informational purposes only.MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES,EXPRESS,IMPLIED,OR STATUTORY,AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT.Some examples are for illustration only and are fictitious.No real association is intended or inferred.aka.ms/ROG19RW2FeedbackIs this guide helpful?。
Festo CPX-AP-I-8DI-M8-3P商品说明书
DIN 46211:1965-03 DIN 46225:1976-12 DIN 46234:1980-03
–
2 Safety
2.1 Safety instructions
T.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 3 4 5 5.1 5.2 5.2.1 5.2.2 5.2.3 6 7 8 9 10 10.1 10.2 11 12
About this document................................................................................................... 4 Applicable documents.................................................................................................. 4 Product version............................................................................................................ 4 Product labelling.......................................................................................................... 4 Specified standards...................................................................................................... 5 Safety........................................................................................................................... 5 Safety instructions........................................................................................................ 5 Intended use................................................................................................................ 5 Training of qualified personnel..................................................................................... 5 Additional information................................................................................................ 5 Service.......................................................................................................................... 5 Product overview......................................................................................................... 6 Function....................................................................................................................... 6 Configuration................................................................................................................ 7
西门子Acvatix调节阀与执行器产品概览说明书
iF product design award 2012:SAX and SAL产品概览Acvatix 阀门执行器─经济高效的HVAC 系统的决定性组成部件以多年的实践经验、广泛的专业知识和先进的技术为依托，西门子推出了AcvatixTM系列阀门和执行器产品，为暖通水力系统提供理想的解决方案。
这些阀门执行器主要应用于暖通系统中的冷热源、能源分配及末端控制，并可用于区域供热。
因此，Acvatix能够满足HVAC领域以及制冷和工业应用的各种需要。
无论是单户住宅还是公寓，无论是现代办公大楼里复杂的空调还是流量非常大的设备，Acvatix阀门执行器都以高质量和长寿命著称。
他们不仅让您感到舒适、安宁，还可以在能源优化使用、项目改造中助您一臂之力。
适用于各种应用的阀门执行器产品只有机组内每个设备都能可靠、精确的运转时，HVAC 和制冷系统才能正常的工作。
来自西门子的Acvatix 产品线根据您的需要、介质类型和应用类型，总能为您提供合适的阀门执行器：- 用于小型、中型和大型HVAC 和制冷系统的阀门执行器- 用于房间、区域等末端控制的阀门执行器- 两通和三通座阀、蝶阀- 法兰、螺纹和焊接连接- 用于高精度、复杂控制系统的电磁调节阀- 带调节功能和3位或开／关控制信号的执行器地板采暖，辐射采暖TEVA 产品线，见第16页利用散热器控制区域温度TEVA 产品线，见第15和16页生活热水混合系统反应迅速的电磁调节阀， 见第5页法兰和螺纹连接的阀， 见第7-10页生活热水存储罐反应迅速的电磁调节阀，见第5页法兰和螺纹连接的阀， 见第7-10页法兰和螺纹连接的阀， 见第7-10页关闭功能蝶阀，见第13页区域供热分站法兰和螺纹连接的阀， 见第7-10页关闭冷却水塔见第13页控制风机盘管装置TEVA 产品线，见第16页冷吊顶TEVA 产品线，见第16页控制终端装置TEVA 产品线，见第16页用于空气调节设备的制冷盘管反应迅速的电磁调节阀，见第5页法兰和螺纹连接的阀，见第7-12页用于空气调节设备的供暖盘管法兰和螺纹连接的阀，见第7-12页冷冻水环路反应迅速的电磁调节阀，见第5页法兰和螺纹连接的阀，见第7-13页冷却水环路反应迅速的电磁调节阀，见第5页法兰和螺纹的阀，见第7-13页■ 实现能源优化■产品种类多样，适合于各种应用■ 便捷选择阀门执行器■高效配送- 工作电压为AC / DC 24 V 或AC 110 / 230 V 的执行器- 大量专利技术应用于各阀门或执行器，优化系统控制便捷选型西门子为您提供了各种阀门执行器的选型工具，阀门选型尺，技术资料和在线工具。
CR2012, 规格书,Datasheet 资料
(2) Battery compartment design. To prevent children from removing batteries, battery compartments should be designed with one of the following methods: a) a tool such as screwdriver or coin is required to open battery compartment or b) the battery compartment door/cover requires the application of a minimum of two independent and simultaneous movements of the securing mechanism to open by hand. Screws should remain captive with the battery door or cover.
3.0 Volts
Typical Capacity:
58 mAh (to 2.0 volts)
(Rated at 30K ohms at 21°C)
Typical Weight:
1.3 grams (0.04 oz.)
Typical Volume:
0.3 cubic centimeters (0.02 cubic inch)
For complete details, please reference:
Global (except US): Special Provision A45 of the International
Air Transport Association Dangerous
三星Onyx电影院屏幕说明书
Samsung OnyxToday’s theaters strive to expand their customer base by promoting themselves as a destination for an unparalleled viewing experience. Samsung is prepared to play a starring role in helping these theaters welcome audiences into the “cinema of the future” with its new Samsung Onyx Cinema Screen. Samsung Onyx takes theater technology to the next level by bringing 4K LED picture quality to the big screen, delivering a more powerful and captivating picture that makes viewers feel as if they are part of every scene. This also includes peak brightness (146fL), accurate color presentation and distortion-free uniformity to bring content to life. As the world’s fi rst cinema-ready LED display, Samsung Onyx offers the versatility and premium visual environment necessary to redefi ne the theater experience, extend usage opportuni-ties and wow even the most entertainment-savvy consumers.• Elevated contrast creates realistic and deep black color expression• Enhanced luminance and low tone expression truly delivers High Dynamic Range (HDR) picture quality • Reinforced screen achieves 10 times the peak brightness of standard projector-based alternatives • Uniform, distortion-free presentation surpasses the quality of standard cinema screens• Specialized emissive LED technology upholds exceptional picture quality even at low ambient lighting levels,producing a consistently brilliant content engagement environment.HIGHLIGHTSThe World’s First Cinema LED Screen1900INNOVATIONFilm Projector Lamp Projector Laser ProjectorEVOLUTIONINNOVATION200020152Samsung Onyx Cinema LED display leverages a unique Ultra Con-trast setting to improve viewers’ perceptual resolution and deliver onscreen content with greater accuracy and precision. In particular, the Onyx screen can display true black colors, offering a superior visual experience to the distorted or grayed-black hues commonly offered by legacy theater technologies. This accurate representa-tion is furthered by 18-bit processing that maintains consistently authentic low-tone grayscale effects, as well as an infinite contrast ratio that maintains visual integrity in darkroom settings.SHOWCASE TRUE, REALISTIC BLACKS THROUGH ULTRA CONTRASTThe Onyx screen’s composition infuses the benefits of High Dynamic Range (HDR) technology into the theater for added visual value. Through this HDR integration, cinemas can amplify content presentation through a 146fL (500nit) peak brightness level. In comparison, this elevated brightness level represents an improvement nearly 10 times greater than that offered by standard theater technologies, which often achieve a max-imum 14fL (48nit) brightness.DELIVER BRILLIANT, HDR-SUPPORTEDCONTENTSamsung Cinema Screen Through a fully-aligned picture, Samsung Onyx prevents theater operators from having to choose between brightness and color quality. The display achieves this optimal balance by maintaining perfect color accuracy for a range of hues even at peak or near-peak brightness.ALIGN PEAK BRIGHTNESS WITH ACCURATECOLOR REPRESENTATIONThrough a distraction-free presentation, Samsung Onyx keeps au-diences focused on featured content rather than the display itself. These screens eliminate distortion through high content uniform-ity, an improvement on projector-based technologies. As a result, the Onyx screen allows viewers to take note of visual details and in-tricacies that otherwise might be hidden or lost on standard theat-er or at-home displays.MAINTAIN A CONSISTENT, DISTORTION-FREE CONTENT PRESENTATIONSamsung OnyxSamsung OnyxSamsung OnyxSamsung Onyx Conventional Projector Conventional Projector Conventional Projector Conventional Projector3 The modern theater has emerged as a cultural space that wel-comes various types of non-movie events, ranging from corporateevents and concert viewings to interactive gaming tournaments.As the use demands for theater space evolve, Samsung Onyx offersthe needed versatility to satisfy varying audiences and generatenew sources of revenue. The screen maintains its visual settingsregardless of the featured on-screen content, and accommodatesa range of needed ambient light conditions without visual disrup-tion. Theaters in turn can transition seamlessly between eventswithout requiring extensive maintenance or external equipment.EXPAND POTENTIAL ENGAGEMENTOPPORTUNITIESSamsung Onyx is just the latest addition to its ever-expanding line-up of theater-ready technologies. From the moment consumersapproach the theater to the moment they depart, Samsung’s dis-plays guide their complete cinema journey, ranging from self-tick-eting kiosks and interactive movie posters to informative conces-sion signage. As a total solutions provider for the theater industry,Samsung continues to explore new and exciting ways to improvethe customer experience and drive greater operational effi ciencyfor operators.ESTABLISH THE THEATER OF THE FUTURESamsung OnyxSamsung OnyxSamsung OnyxSamsung OnyxBy pairing the Onyx display with HARMAN’s JBL Sculpted Surroundaudio system, Samsung invites movie-goers into an unparalleledmulti-sensory presentation. The state-of-the-art JBL speakersaccommodate inclined theater confi gurations to deliver uniform,consistent sound to guests. This broader audio coverage preventsrearward bias, aligns the customer experience, and ensures thatfi lms can be enjoyed at the highest quality and as the producersintend.Through enhanced brightness and consistent color representation,Samsung’s 3D Onyx screen accomplishes a feat previously consid-ered impossible – making 3D movies even more realistic. The 3DOnyx makes subtitles easier to read and visuals more detail-richand brilliant, further making viewers feel as if they are part of thecontent. Glass-wearing viewers also can enjoy their fi lm withoutthe dark, blurry shadowing and potential dizziness that often comewith the traditional 3D movie experience.PAIR CONTENT WITH CLEAR, CRISP SOUND TAKE CINEMA CONTENT TO ANOTHERDIMENSIONJBL Sculpted SurroundTypical 5.1 SurroundRED - Sweet Spot RED - Sweet Spot Conventional ProjectorSPECIFICATIONSAbout Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. inspires the world and shapes the future with transformative ideas and technologies. The company is redefi ning the worlds of TVs, smartphones,wearable devices, tablets, cameras, digital appliances, medical equipment, network systems, and semiconductor and LED solutions. For the latest news, please visit Samsung Newsroom at .For more information about Samsung Onyx, visit/business or /displaysolutionsCopyright © 2018 Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. All rights reserved. Samsung is a registered trademark of Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. Specifi cations and designs are subject to change without notice. Non-metric weights and measurements are approximate. All data were deemed correct at time of creation. Samsung is not liable for errors or omissions. All brand, product, service names and logos are trademarks and/or registered trademarks of their respective owners and are hereby recognized and acknowledged.Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.416, Maetan 3-dong, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do 443-772, Korea 2018-04Samsung Onyx4096x2160 Pixels to satisfy scope ratio(2.39:1) and flat ratio(1.85:1)2160 PIXELS,5.4M(17.7FT),6 CABINETS。
房地产 新品发布 样板间开放 媒体答谢
公关策略展现
针对媒体客群，我们不仅仅是简单的宴请答谢，
在活动中，更重视拉近媒体客群与我们的距离，
增加媒体客群的互动参与热情，融入资源增加创新性与传播力
公关策略展现
我们要做的是一个沟通平台，而不是宣讲会！ 摒弃以往传统“你讲我听”的模式，采用互动、交流的方式来突出活 动的主题，真正融入到媒体人圈层中。
公关策略展现
我们要把媒体当做事业上的朋友，而不是灌输的对象！ 舒适、轻松的氛围让媒体更容易了解公司品牌文化，互动、交流的方式让中 骏品牌信息的流露更为巧妙，并给媒体留下深刻印象。
• 精致分子料理
前菜：阿根廷红虾无花果沙拉 汤：藏红花西班牙海鲜汤 主菜： 1）香煎法式鹅肝配芦笋香菌百香果汁 2）低温慢煮挪威三文鱼红酒跑亩 甜品： 咖啡歌剧院蛋糕及草莓雪葩 饮料：橙汁、红酒、柠檬水
• 互动环节
（一） 以“春夏秋冬”四季成语接力，答不上来的嘉宾， 将被惩罚一口饮下一罐小可乐。 （二） 听旋律猜歌名，猜对的嘉宾上台演唱此歌，一 展歌喉。 （三） 以“遇见”“四季”“感动”为关键词的接歌环节，答 不上来的需要上前表演节目。
• 媒体与公司的故事分享
晚宴尾声，主持人将邀请媒体 嘉宾代表——卢老师进行媒体 与公司之间的故事分享，提升 活动温情……
• 合影留念环节
颁奖仪式结束后，邀请专业 摄影师为来宾拍照留念
• 伴手礼领取，活动淡出
我们建议于活动尾声，由甲方亲自 将精心为媒体来宾准备的伴手礼进 行馈赠，体现主办方对媒体朋友的 真诚之情。
秋·紫皇后玫瑰
秋天是成熟、收获的季节，正如紫皇后玫 瑰浓郁醇厚紫色，是丰富的初见，也是回 味的甘甜。
3GPP TS 36.331 V13.2.0 (2016-06)
3GPP TS 36.331 V13.2.0 (2016-06)Technical Specification3rd Generation Partnership Project;Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network;Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA);Radio Resource Control (RRC);Protocol specification(Release 13)The present document has been developed within the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP TM) and may be further elaborated for the purposes of 3GPP. The present document has not been subject to any approval process by the 3GPP Organizational Partners and shall not be implemented.This Specification is provided for future development work within 3GPP only. The Organizational Partners accept no liability for any use of this Specification. Specifications and reports for implementation of the 3GPP TM system should be obtained via the 3GPP Organizational Partners' Publications Offices.KeywordsUMTS, radio3GPPPostal address3GPP support office address650 Route des Lucioles - Sophia AntipolisValbonne - FRANCETel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16InternetCopyright NotificationNo part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission.The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.© 2016, 3GPP Organizational Partners (ARIB, ATIS, CCSA, ETSI, TSDSI, TTA, TTC).All rights reserved.UMTS™ is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its members3GPP™ is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational PartnersLTE™ is a Trade Mark of ETSI currently being registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners GSM® and the GSM logo are registered and owned by the GSM AssociationBluetooth® is a Trade Mark of the Bluetooth SIG registered for the benefit of its membersContentsForeword (18)1Scope (19)2References (19)3Definitions, symbols and abbreviations (22)3.1Definitions (22)3.2Abbreviations (24)4General (27)4.1Introduction (27)4.2Architecture (28)4.2.1UE states and state transitions including inter RAT (28)4.2.2Signalling radio bearers (29)4.3Services (30)4.3.1Services provided to upper layers (30)4.3.2Services expected from lower layers (30)4.4Functions (30)5Procedures (32)5.1General (32)5.1.1Introduction (32)5.1.2General requirements (32)5.2System information (33)5.2.1Introduction (33)5.2.1.1General (33)5.2.1.2Scheduling (34)5.2.1.2a Scheduling for NB-IoT (34)5.2.1.3System information validity and notification of changes (35)5.2.1.4Indication of ETWS notification (36)5.2.1.5Indication of CMAS notification (37)5.2.1.6Notification of EAB parameters change (37)5.2.1.7Access Barring parameters change in NB-IoT (37)5.2.2System information acquisition (38)5.2.2.1General (38)5.2.2.2Initiation (38)5.2.2.3System information required by the UE (38)5.2.2.4System information acquisition by the UE (39)5.2.2.5Essential system information missing (42)5.2.2.6Actions upon reception of the MasterInformationBlock message (42)5.2.2.7Actions upon reception of the SystemInformationBlockType1 message (42)5.2.2.8Actions upon reception of SystemInformation messages (44)5.2.2.9Actions upon reception of SystemInformationBlockType2 (44)5.2.2.10Actions upon reception of SystemInformationBlockType3 (45)5.2.2.11Actions upon reception of SystemInformationBlockType4 (45)5.2.2.12Actions upon reception of SystemInformationBlockType5 (45)5.2.2.13Actions upon reception of SystemInformationBlockType6 (45)5.2.2.14Actions upon reception of SystemInformationBlockType7 (45)5.2.2.15Actions upon reception of SystemInformationBlockType8 (45)5.2.2.16Actions upon reception of SystemInformationBlockType9 (46)5.2.2.17Actions upon reception of SystemInformationBlockType10 (46)5.2.2.18Actions upon reception of SystemInformationBlockType11 (46)5.2.2.19Actions upon reception of SystemInformationBlockType12 (47)5.2.2.20Actions upon reception of SystemInformationBlockType13 (48)5.2.2.21Actions upon reception of SystemInformationBlockType14 (48)5.2.2.22Actions upon reception of SystemInformationBlockType15 (48)5.2.2.23Actions upon reception of SystemInformationBlockType16 (48)5.2.2.24Actions upon reception of SystemInformationBlockType17 (48)5.2.2.25Actions upon reception of SystemInformationBlockType18 (48)5.2.2.26Actions upon reception of SystemInformationBlockType19 (49)5.2.3Acquisition of an SI message (49)5.2.3a Acquisition of an SI message by BL UE or UE in CE or a NB-IoT UE (50)5.3Connection control (50)5.3.1Introduction (50)5.3.1.1RRC connection control (50)5.3.1.2Security (52)5.3.1.2a RN security (53)5.3.1.3Connected mode mobility (53)5.3.1.4Connection control in NB-IoT (54)5.3.2Paging (55)5.3.2.1General (55)5.3.2.2Initiation (55)5.3.2.3Reception of the Paging message by the UE (55)5.3.3RRC connection establishment (56)5.3.3.1General (56)5.3.3.1a Conditions for establishing RRC Connection for sidelink communication/ discovery (58)5.3.3.2Initiation (59)5.3.3.3Actions related to transmission of RRCConnectionRequest message (63)5.3.3.3a Actions related to transmission of RRCConnectionResumeRequest message (64)5.3.3.4Reception of the RRCConnectionSetup by the UE (64)5.3.3.4a Reception of the RRCConnectionResume by the UE (66)5.3.3.5Cell re-selection while T300, T302, T303, T305, T306, or T308 is running (68)5.3.3.6T300 expiry (68)5.3.3.7T302, T303, T305, T306, or T308 expiry or stop (69)5.3.3.8Reception of the RRCConnectionReject by the UE (70)5.3.3.9Abortion of RRC connection establishment (71)5.3.3.10Handling of SSAC related parameters (71)5.3.3.11Access barring check (72)5.3.3.12EAB check (73)5.3.3.13Access barring check for ACDC (73)5.3.3.14Access Barring check for NB-IoT (74)5.3.4Initial security activation (75)5.3.4.1General (75)5.3.4.2Initiation (76)5.3.4.3Reception of the SecurityModeCommand by the UE (76)5.3.5RRC connection reconfiguration (77)5.3.5.1General (77)5.3.5.2Initiation (77)5.3.5.3Reception of an RRCConnectionReconfiguration not including the mobilityControlInfo by theUE (77)5.3.5.4Reception of an RRCConnectionReconfiguration including the mobilityControlInfo by the UE(handover) (79)5.3.5.5Reconfiguration failure (83)5.3.5.6T304 expiry (handover failure) (83)5.3.5.7Void (84)5.3.5.7a T307 expiry (SCG change failure) (84)5.3.5.8Radio Configuration involving full configuration option (84)5.3.6Counter check (86)5.3.6.1General (86)5.3.6.2Initiation (86)5.3.6.3Reception of the CounterCheck message by the UE (86)5.3.7RRC connection re-establishment (87)5.3.7.1General (87)5.3.7.2Initiation (87)5.3.7.3Actions following cell selection while T311 is running (88)5.3.7.4Actions related to transmission of RRCConnectionReestablishmentRequest message (89)5.3.7.5Reception of the RRCConnectionReestablishment by the UE (89)5.3.7.6T311 expiry (91)5.3.7.7T301 expiry or selected cell no longer suitable (91)5.3.7.8Reception of RRCConnectionReestablishmentReject by the UE (91)5.3.8RRC connection release (92)5.3.8.1General (92)5.3.8.2Initiation (92)5.3.8.3Reception of the RRCConnectionRelease by the UE (92)5.3.8.4T320 expiry (93)5.3.9RRC connection release requested by upper layers (93)5.3.9.1General (93)5.3.9.2Initiation (93)5.3.10Radio resource configuration (93)5.3.10.0General (93)5.3.10.1SRB addition/ modification (94)5.3.10.2DRB release (95)5.3.10.3DRB addition/ modification (95)5.3.10.3a1DC specific DRB addition or reconfiguration (96)5.3.10.3a2LWA specific DRB addition or reconfiguration (98)5.3.10.3a3LWIP specific DRB addition or reconfiguration (98)5.3.10.3a SCell release (99)5.3.10.3b SCell addition/ modification (99)5.3.10.3c PSCell addition or modification (99)5.3.10.4MAC main reconfiguration (99)5.3.10.5Semi-persistent scheduling reconfiguration (100)5.3.10.6Physical channel reconfiguration (100)5.3.10.7Radio Link Failure Timers and Constants reconfiguration (101)5.3.10.8Time domain measurement resource restriction for serving cell (101)5.3.10.9Other configuration (102)5.3.10.10SCG reconfiguration (103)5.3.10.11SCG dedicated resource configuration (104)5.3.10.12Reconfiguration SCG or split DRB by drb-ToAddModList (105)5.3.10.13Neighbour cell information reconfiguration (105)5.3.10.14Void (105)5.3.10.15Sidelink dedicated configuration (105)5.3.10.16T370 expiry (106)5.3.11Radio link failure related actions (107)5.3.11.1Detection of physical layer problems in RRC_CONNECTED (107)5.3.11.2Recovery of physical layer problems (107)5.3.11.3Detection of radio link failure (107)5.3.12UE actions upon leaving RRC_CONNECTED (109)5.3.13UE actions upon PUCCH/ SRS release request (110)5.3.14Proximity indication (110)5.3.14.1General (110)5.3.14.2Initiation (111)5.3.14.3Actions related to transmission of ProximityIndication message (111)5.3.15Void (111)5.4Inter-RAT mobility (111)5.4.1Introduction (111)5.4.2Handover to E-UTRA (112)5.4.2.1General (112)5.4.2.2Initiation (112)5.4.2.3Reception of the RRCConnectionReconfiguration by the UE (112)5.4.2.4Reconfiguration failure (114)5.4.2.5T304 expiry (handover to E-UTRA failure) (114)5.4.3Mobility from E-UTRA (114)5.4.3.1General (114)5.4.3.2Initiation (115)5.4.3.3Reception of the MobilityFromEUTRACommand by the UE (115)5.4.3.4Successful completion of the mobility from E-UTRA (116)5.4.3.5Mobility from E-UTRA failure (117)5.4.4Handover from E-UTRA preparation request (CDMA2000) (117)5.4.4.1General (117)5.4.4.2Initiation (118)5.4.4.3Reception of the HandoverFromEUTRAPreparationRequest by the UE (118)5.4.5UL handover preparation transfer (CDMA2000) (118)5.4.5.1General (118)5.4.5.2Initiation (118)5.4.5.3Actions related to transmission of the ULHandoverPreparationTransfer message (119)5.4.5.4Failure to deliver the ULHandoverPreparationTransfer message (119)5.4.6Inter-RAT cell change order to E-UTRAN (119)5.4.6.1General (119)5.4.6.2Initiation (119)5.4.6.3UE fails to complete an inter-RAT cell change order (119)5.5Measurements (120)5.5.1Introduction (120)5.5.2Measurement configuration (121)5.5.2.1General (121)5.5.2.2Measurement identity removal (122)5.5.2.2a Measurement identity autonomous removal (122)5.5.2.3Measurement identity addition/ modification (123)5.5.2.4Measurement object removal (124)5.5.2.5Measurement object addition/ modification (124)5.5.2.6Reporting configuration removal (126)5.5.2.7Reporting configuration addition/ modification (127)5.5.2.8Quantity configuration (127)5.5.2.9Measurement gap configuration (127)5.5.2.10Discovery signals measurement timing configuration (128)5.5.2.11RSSI measurement timing configuration (128)5.5.3Performing measurements (128)5.5.3.1General (128)5.5.3.2Layer 3 filtering (131)5.5.4Measurement report triggering (131)5.5.4.1General (131)5.5.4.2Event A1 (Serving becomes better than threshold) (135)5.5.4.3Event A2 (Serving becomes worse than threshold) (136)5.5.4.4Event A3 (Neighbour becomes offset better than PCell/ PSCell) (136)5.5.4.5Event A4 (Neighbour becomes better than threshold) (137)5.5.4.6Event A5 (PCell/ PSCell becomes worse than threshold1 and neighbour becomes better thanthreshold2) (138)5.5.4.6a Event A6 (Neighbour becomes offset better than SCell) (139)5.5.4.7Event B1 (Inter RAT neighbour becomes better than threshold) (139)5.5.4.8Event B2 (PCell becomes worse than threshold1 and inter RAT neighbour becomes better thanthreshold2) (140)5.5.4.9Event C1 (CSI-RS resource becomes better than threshold) (141)5.5.4.10Event C2 (CSI-RS resource becomes offset better than reference CSI-RS resource) (141)5.5.4.11Event W1 (WLAN becomes better than a threshold) (142)5.5.4.12Event W2 (All WLAN inside WLAN mobility set becomes worse than threshold1 and a WLANoutside WLAN mobility set becomes better than threshold2) (142)5.5.4.13Event W3 (All WLAN inside WLAN mobility set becomes worse than a threshold) (143)5.5.5Measurement reporting (144)5.5.6Measurement related actions (148)5.5.6.1Actions upon handover and re-establishment (148)5.5.6.2Speed dependant scaling of measurement related parameters (149)5.5.7Inter-frequency RSTD measurement indication (149)5.5.7.1General (149)5.5.7.2Initiation (150)5.5.7.3Actions related to transmission of InterFreqRSTDMeasurementIndication message (150)5.6Other (150)5.6.0General (150)5.6.1DL information transfer (151)5.6.1.1General (151)5.6.1.2Initiation (151)5.6.1.3Reception of the DLInformationTransfer by the UE (151)5.6.2UL information transfer (151)5.6.2.1General (151)5.6.2.2Initiation (151)5.6.2.3Actions related to transmission of ULInformationTransfer message (152)5.6.2.4Failure to deliver ULInformationTransfer message (152)5.6.3UE capability transfer (152)5.6.3.1General (152)5.6.3.2Initiation (153)5.6.3.3Reception of the UECapabilityEnquiry by the UE (153)5.6.4CSFB to 1x Parameter transfer (157)5.6.4.1General (157)5.6.4.2Initiation (157)5.6.4.3Actions related to transmission of CSFBParametersRequestCDMA2000 message (157)5.6.4.4Reception of the CSFBParametersResponseCDMA2000 message (157)5.6.5UE Information (158)5.6.5.1General (158)5.6.5.2Initiation (158)5.6.5.3Reception of the UEInformationRequest message (158)5.6.6 Logged Measurement Configuration (159)5.6.6.1General (159)5.6.6.2Initiation (160)5.6.6.3Reception of the LoggedMeasurementConfiguration by the UE (160)5.6.6.4T330 expiry (160)5.6.7 Release of Logged Measurement Configuration (160)5.6.7.1General (160)5.6.7.2Initiation (160)5.6.8 Measurements logging (161)5.6.8.1General (161)5.6.8.2Initiation (161)5.6.9In-device coexistence indication (163)5.6.9.1General (163)5.6.9.2Initiation (164)5.6.9.3Actions related to transmission of InDeviceCoexIndication message (164)5.6.10UE Assistance Information (165)5.6.10.1General (165)5.6.10.2Initiation (166)5.6.10.3Actions related to transmission of UEAssistanceInformation message (166)5.6.11 Mobility history information (166)5.6.11.1General (166)5.6.11.2Initiation (166)5.6.12RAN-assisted WLAN interworking (167)5.6.12.1General (167)5.6.12.2Dedicated WLAN offload configuration (167)5.6.12.3WLAN offload RAN evaluation (167)5.6.12.4T350 expiry or stop (167)5.6.12.5Cell selection/ re-selection while T350 is running (168)5.6.13SCG failure information (168)5.6.13.1General (168)5.6.13.2Initiation (168)5.6.13.3Actions related to transmission of SCGFailureInformation message (168)5.6.14LTE-WLAN Aggregation (169)5.6.14.1Introduction (169)5.6.14.2Reception of LWA configuration (169)5.6.14.3Release of LWA configuration (170)5.6.15WLAN connection management (170)5.6.15.1Introduction (170)5.6.15.2WLAN connection status reporting (170)5.6.15.2.1General (170)5.6.15.2.2Initiation (171)5.6.15.2.3Actions related to transmission of WLANConnectionStatusReport message (171)5.6.15.3T351 Expiry (WLAN connection attempt timeout) (171)5.6.15.4WLAN status monitoring (171)5.6.16RAN controlled LTE-WLAN interworking (172)5.6.16.1General (172)5.6.16.2WLAN traffic steering command (172)5.6.17LTE-WLAN aggregation with IPsec tunnel (173)5.6.17.1General (173)5.7Generic error handling (174)5.7.1General (174)5.7.2ASN.1 violation or encoding error (174)5.7.3Field set to a not comprehended value (174)5.7.4Mandatory field missing (174)5.7.5Not comprehended field (176)5.8MBMS (176)5.8.1Introduction (176)5.8.1.1General (176)5.8.1.2Scheduling (176)5.8.1.3MCCH information validity and notification of changes (176)5.8.2MCCH information acquisition (178)5.8.2.1General (178)5.8.2.2Initiation (178)5.8.2.3MCCH information acquisition by the UE (178)5.8.2.4Actions upon reception of the MBSFNAreaConfiguration message (178)5.8.2.5Actions upon reception of the MBMSCountingRequest message (179)5.8.3MBMS PTM radio bearer configuration (179)5.8.3.1General (179)5.8.3.2Initiation (179)5.8.3.3MRB establishment (179)5.8.3.4MRB release (179)5.8.4MBMS Counting Procedure (179)5.8.4.1General (179)5.8.4.2Initiation (180)5.8.4.3Reception of the MBMSCountingRequest message by the UE (180)5.8.5MBMS interest indication (181)5.8.5.1General (181)5.8.5.2Initiation (181)5.8.5.3Determine MBMS frequencies of interest (182)5.8.5.4Actions related to transmission of MBMSInterestIndication message (183)5.8a SC-PTM (183)5.8a.1Introduction (183)5.8a.1.1General (183)5.8a.1.2SC-MCCH scheduling (183)5.8a.1.3SC-MCCH information validity and notification of changes (183)5.8a.1.4Procedures (184)5.8a.2SC-MCCH information acquisition (184)5.8a.2.1General (184)5.8a.2.2Initiation (184)5.8a.2.3SC-MCCH information acquisition by the UE (184)5.8a.2.4Actions upon reception of the SCPTMConfiguration message (185)5.8a.3SC-PTM radio bearer configuration (185)5.8a.3.1General (185)5.8a.3.2Initiation (185)5.8a.3.3SC-MRB establishment (185)5.8a.3.4SC-MRB release (185)5.9RN procedures (186)5.9.1RN reconfiguration (186)5.9.1.1General (186)5.9.1.2Initiation (186)5.9.1.3Reception of the RNReconfiguration by the RN (186)5.10Sidelink (186)5.10.1Introduction (186)5.10.1a Conditions for sidelink communication operation (187)5.10.2Sidelink UE information (188)5.10.2.1General (188)5.10.2.2Initiation (189)5.10.2.3Actions related to transmission of SidelinkUEInformation message (193)5.10.3Sidelink communication monitoring (195)5.10.6Sidelink discovery announcement (198)5.10.6a Sidelink discovery announcement pool selection (201)5.10.6b Sidelink discovery announcement reference carrier selection (201)5.10.7Sidelink synchronisation information transmission (202)5.10.7.1General (202)5.10.7.2Initiation (203)5.10.7.3Transmission of SLSS (204)5.10.7.4Transmission of MasterInformationBlock-SL message (205)5.10.7.5Void (206)5.10.8Sidelink synchronisation reference (206)5.10.8.1General (206)5.10.8.2Selection and reselection of synchronisation reference UE (SyncRef UE) (206)5.10.9Sidelink common control information (207)5.10.9.1General (207)5.10.9.2Actions related to reception of MasterInformationBlock-SL message (207)5.10.10Sidelink relay UE operation (207)5.10.10.1General (207)5.10.10.2AS-conditions for relay related sidelink communication transmission by sidelink relay UE (207)5.10.10.3AS-conditions for relay PS related sidelink discovery transmission by sidelink relay UE (208)5.10.10.4Sidelink relay UE threshold conditions (208)5.10.11Sidelink remote UE operation (208)5.10.11.1General (208)5.10.11.2AS-conditions for relay related sidelink communication transmission by sidelink remote UE (208)5.10.11.3AS-conditions for relay PS related sidelink discovery transmission by sidelink remote UE (209)5.10.11.4Selection and reselection of sidelink relay UE (209)5.10.11.5Sidelink remote UE threshold conditions (210)6Protocol data units, formats and parameters (tabular & ASN.1) (210)6.1General (210)6.2RRC messages (212)6.2.1General message structure (212)–EUTRA-RRC-Definitions (212)–BCCH-BCH-Message (212)–BCCH-DL-SCH-Message (212)–BCCH-DL-SCH-Message-BR (213)–MCCH-Message (213)–PCCH-Message (213)–DL-CCCH-Message (214)–DL-DCCH-Message (214)–UL-CCCH-Message (214)–UL-DCCH-Message (215)–SC-MCCH-Message (215)6.2.2Message definitions (216)–CounterCheck (216)–CounterCheckResponse (217)–CSFBParametersRequestCDMA2000 (217)–CSFBParametersResponseCDMA2000 (218)–DLInformationTransfer (218)–HandoverFromEUTRAPreparationRequest (CDMA2000) (219)–InDeviceCoexIndication (220)–InterFreqRSTDMeasurementIndication (222)–LoggedMeasurementConfiguration (223)–MasterInformationBlock (225)–MBMSCountingRequest (226)–MBMSCountingResponse (226)–MBMSInterestIndication (227)–MBSFNAreaConfiguration (228)–MeasurementReport (228)–MobilityFromEUTRACommand (229)–Paging (232)–ProximityIndication (233)–RNReconfiguration (234)–RNReconfigurationComplete (234)–RRCConnectionReconfiguration (235)–RRCConnectionReconfigurationComplete (240)–RRCConnectionReestablishment (241)–RRCConnectionReestablishmentComplete (241)–RRCConnectionReestablishmentReject (242)–RRCConnectionReestablishmentRequest (243)–RRCConnectionReject (243)–RRCConnectionRelease (244)–RRCConnectionResume (248)–RRCConnectionResumeComplete (249)–RRCConnectionResumeRequest (250)–RRCConnectionRequest (250)–RRCConnectionSetup (251)–RRCConnectionSetupComplete (252)–SCGFailureInformation (253)–SCPTMConfiguration (254)–SecurityModeCommand (255)–SecurityModeComplete (255)–SecurityModeFailure (256)–SidelinkUEInformation (256)–SystemInformation (258)–SystemInformationBlockType1 (259)–UEAssistanceInformation (264)–UECapabilityEnquiry (265)–UECapabilityInformation (266)–UEInformationRequest (267)–UEInformationResponse (267)–ULHandoverPreparationTransfer (CDMA2000) (273)–ULInformationTransfer (274)–WLANConnectionStatusReport (274)6.3RRC information elements (275)6.3.1System information blocks (275)–SystemInformationBlockType2 (275)–SystemInformationBlockType3 (279)–SystemInformationBlockType4 (282)–SystemInformationBlockType5 (283)–SystemInformationBlockType6 (287)–SystemInformationBlockType7 (289)–SystemInformationBlockType8 (290)–SystemInformationBlockType9 (295)–SystemInformationBlockType10 (295)–SystemInformationBlockType11 (296)–SystemInformationBlockType12 (297)–SystemInformationBlockType13 (297)–SystemInformationBlockType14 (298)–SystemInformationBlockType15 (298)–SystemInformationBlockType16 (299)–SystemInformationBlockType17 (300)–SystemInformationBlockType18 (301)–SystemInformationBlockType19 (301)–SystemInformationBlockType20 (304)6.3.2Radio resource control information elements (304)–AntennaInfo (304)–AntennaInfoUL (306)–CQI-ReportConfig (307)–CQI-ReportPeriodicProcExtId (314)–CrossCarrierSchedulingConfig (314)–CSI-IM-Config (315)–CSI-IM-ConfigId (315)–CSI-RS-Config (317)–CSI-RS-ConfigEMIMO (318)–CSI-RS-ConfigNZP (319)–CSI-RS-ConfigNZPId (320)–CSI-RS-ConfigZP (321)–CSI-RS-ConfigZPId (321)–DMRS-Config (321)–DRB-Identity (322)–EPDCCH-Config (322)–EIMTA-MainConfig (324)–LogicalChannelConfig (325)–LWA-Configuration (326)–LWIP-Configuration (326)–RCLWI-Configuration (327)–MAC-MainConfig (327)–P-C-AndCBSR (332)–PDCCH-ConfigSCell (333)–PDCP-Config (334)–PDSCH-Config (337)–PDSCH-RE-MappingQCL-ConfigId (339)–PHICH-Config (339)–PhysicalConfigDedicated (339)–P-Max (344)–PRACH-Config (344)–PresenceAntennaPort1 (346)–PUCCH-Config (347)–PUSCH-Config (351)–RACH-ConfigCommon (355)–RACH-ConfigDedicated (357)–RadioResourceConfigCommon (358)–RadioResourceConfigDedicated (362)–RLC-Config (367)–RLF-TimersAndConstants (369)–RN-SubframeConfig (370)–SchedulingRequestConfig (371)–SoundingRS-UL-Config (372)–SPS-Config (375)–TDD-Config (376)–TimeAlignmentTimer (377)–TPC-PDCCH-Config (377)–TunnelConfigLWIP (378)–UplinkPowerControl (379)–WLAN-Id-List (382)–WLAN-MobilityConfig (382)6.3.3Security control information elements (382)–NextHopChainingCount (382)–SecurityAlgorithmConfig (383)–ShortMAC-I (383)6.3.4Mobility control information elements (383)–AdditionalSpectrumEmission (383)–ARFCN-ValueCDMA2000 (383)–ARFCN-ValueEUTRA (384)–ARFCN-ValueGERAN (384)–ARFCN-ValueUTRA (384)–BandclassCDMA2000 (384)–BandIndicatorGERAN (385)–CarrierFreqCDMA2000 (385)–CarrierFreqGERAN (385)–CellIndexList (387)–CellReselectionPriority (387)–CellSelectionInfoCE (387)–CellReselectionSubPriority (388)–CSFB-RegistrationParam1XRTT (388)–CellGlobalIdEUTRA (389)–CellGlobalIdUTRA (389)–CellGlobalIdGERAN (390)–CellGlobalIdCDMA2000 (390)–CellSelectionInfoNFreq (391)–CSG-Identity (391)–FreqBandIndicator (391)–MobilityControlInfo (391)–MobilityParametersCDMA2000 (1xRTT) (393)–MobilityStateParameters (394)–MultiBandInfoList (394)–NS-PmaxList (394)–PhysCellId (395)–PhysCellIdRange (395)–PhysCellIdRangeUTRA-FDDList (395)–PhysCellIdCDMA2000 (396)–PhysCellIdGERAN (396)–PhysCellIdUTRA-FDD (396)–PhysCellIdUTRA-TDD (396)–PLMN-Identity (397)–PLMN-IdentityList3 (397)–PreRegistrationInfoHRPD (397)–Q-QualMin (398)–Q-RxLevMin (398)–Q-OffsetRange (398)–Q-OffsetRangeInterRAT (399)–ReselectionThreshold (399)–ReselectionThresholdQ (399)–SCellIndex (399)–ServCellIndex (400)–SpeedStateScaleFactors (400)–SystemInfoListGERAN (400)–SystemTimeInfoCDMA2000 (401)–TrackingAreaCode (401)–T-Reselection (402)–T-ReselectionEUTRA-CE (402)6.3.5Measurement information elements (402)–AllowedMeasBandwidth (402)–CSI-RSRP-Range (402)–Hysteresis (402)–LocationInfo (403)–MBSFN-RSRQ-Range (403)–MeasConfig (404)–MeasDS-Config (405)–MeasGapConfig (406)–MeasId (407)–MeasIdToAddModList (407)–MeasObjectCDMA2000 (408)–MeasObjectEUTRA (408)–MeasObjectGERAN (412)–MeasObjectId (412)–MeasObjectToAddModList (412)–MeasObjectUTRA (413)–ReportConfigEUTRA (422)–ReportConfigId (425)–ReportConfigInterRAT (425)–ReportConfigToAddModList (428)–ReportInterval (429)–RSRP-Range (429)–RSRQ-Range (430)–RSRQ-Type (430)–RS-SINR-Range (430)–RSSI-Range-r13 (431)–TimeToTrigger (431)–UL-DelayConfig (431)–WLAN-CarrierInfo (431)–WLAN-RSSI-Range (432)–WLAN-Status (432)6.3.6Other information elements (433)–AbsoluteTimeInfo (433)–AreaConfiguration (433)–C-RNTI (433)–DedicatedInfoCDMA2000 (434)–DedicatedInfoNAS (434)–FilterCoefficient (434)–LoggingDuration (434)–LoggingInterval (435)–MeasSubframePattern (435)–MMEC (435)–NeighCellConfig (435)–OtherConfig (436)–RAND-CDMA2000 (1xRTT) (437)–RAT-Type (437)–ResumeIdentity (437)–RRC-TransactionIdentifier (438)–S-TMSI (438)–TraceReference (438)–UE-CapabilityRAT-ContainerList (438)–UE-EUTRA-Capability (439)–UE-RadioPagingInfo (469)–UE-TimersAndConstants (469)–VisitedCellInfoList (470)–WLAN-OffloadConfig (470)6.3.7MBMS information elements (472)–MBMS-NotificationConfig (472)–MBMS-ServiceList (473)–MBSFN-AreaId (473)–MBSFN-AreaInfoList (473)–MBSFN-SubframeConfig (474)–PMCH-InfoList (475)6.3.7a SC-PTM information elements (476)–SC-MTCH-InfoList (476)–SCPTM-NeighbourCellList (478)6.3.8Sidelink information elements (478)–SL-CommConfig (478)–SL-CommResourcePool (479)–SL-CP-Len (480)–SL-DiscConfig (481)–SL-DiscResourcePool (483)–SL-DiscTxPowerInfo (485)–SL-GapConfig (485)。
莱维顿 DMX 灯光控制软件说明书
Leviton Mfg. Co., Inc. Lighting & Energy Solutions20497 SW Teton Avenue, Tualatin, OR 97062 1-800-736-6682 Tech Line: 1-800-959-6004 Fax: 503-404-5594 /les© 2013 Leviton Manufacturing Co., Inc. All rights reserved. Subject to change without notice.E n l i g h t e n L i g h t i n g C o n t r o l S o f t w a r eDESCRIPTIONEnlighten DMX lighting control software is specifically designed for house of worship and stage lighting control when the preference is for a PC-based computer running the Windows operating systems. Enlighten provides power and flexibility with an easy-to-use system that allows users to create unlimited buttons as looks or sequences. Program Enlighten to a PC or pair Enlighten with a control wing for unparalleled stage control.APPLICATIONS • Theaters• Convention centers • Ballrooms• Houses of worshipFEATURES• Multiple views to arrange fixtures graphically in different rooms or areas• Direct fader control with virtual wheel controls • Color coded button groups, allowing for multiple fixture types on a single page • Move any button to any position on-screen • Keyboard shortcuts • Password protection• Touch screen compatible• Expandable up to 24 universes (CPU and USB dependent)• Assign scene names to buttons for direct scene access • 3D visualization • GOBO visualizationSETUP• Patch fixtures from a list of available profiles or create your own • Auto start• Step by step wizard to create a look or sequence• Printable patch list • Offline editing• Live control override at any time • Backup and restore for entire shows • Full automated light support• Conventional lighting support; multiple views for conventional and intelligent lighting management• Lock look or sequence for house or ambient lighting• Full screen video can be played with lighting scenes• Adjustable DMX refresh rate • 3D studio import • Help featuresPLAYBACK• Effects generation• Unlimited playbacks and concurrent playbacks• Multiple masters • MP3, AVI, WAV syncEnlighten Lighting Control SoftwareEnlighten 512 Channel Splitter & USB InterfaceEnlighten Control WingEnlighten 512 Channel USB InterfacePRODUCT DATAEDITING FEATURES• Program looks at scenes step-by-step without the wizard with ease• Palette presets (foundation of the programming system; position presets)• Palettes automatically created on Patching or custom• Absolute and relative movement• Step-shift and shape-shift• Shape generator for movements with offsets • Shape library features an easy-to-use present effects lab• Macros• LED matrix engine and LED macros• MIDI, AVI, MPEG and WAV event sequencing and programming• Unlimited assignment of the following:- Fixtures- Buttons- Support fixtures- Button groups- Fixture groups• Unlimited pages of button triggers:- Still looks- Sequences- Multiple buttons- Timeline schedules• Spotlight mode: lock a button/look; once locked it cannot be released or overwritten • SOLO fixture modeINPUT/OUTPUT• DMX Outputs—up to 12,288 DMX channels • Ethernet—Artnet output• Optically isolated outputs• MIDI In/Output:- Assignable MIDI command for eachbutton and submaster for externalhardware control- MIDI input will trigger looks CONTROL WING• 8 high-quality sliders• 1 grand master• 1 manual crossfader• 11 job wheels for attributes and function control• 8 bump buttons• 32 assignable or preset direct access buttons with dry erase area• LED backlit button shows user interaction • Programming and playback function in one unit• USB <-> DMX Interface built in, 2 universe, 1024 channels• USB connector and LED indicatorSPLITTER• Enlighten DMX to USB interface built-in• Front and rear DMX input• 4 outputs• 3-pin and 5-pin XLR connectors on each output• Power and DMX status LEDs• Selectable DMX terminator• Rack or wall mountable• Opto isolated outputsE n l i g h t e n L i g h t i n g C o n t r o l S o f t w a r eLeviton Mfg. Co., Inc. Lighting & Energy Solutions20497 SW Teton Avenue, Tualatin, OR 97062 1-800-736-6682 Tech Line: 1-800-959-6004 Fax: 503-404-5594 /les© 2013 Leviton Manufacturing Co., Inc. All rights reserved. Subject to change without notice.SPECIFICATIONSPRODUCT DATAG-9005/C13-tbLeviton Manufacturing Co., Inc. Global Headquarters201 N. Service Rd. Melville, NY 11747-3138 • Tech Line: 1-800-824-3005 • Fax: 1-800-832-9538Leviton Manufacturing Co., Inc. Lighting & Energy Solutions20497 SW Teton Avenue, Tualatin, OR 97062 • Tel: 1-800-736-6682 • FAX: 503-404-5594 • Tech Line (6:00AM-4:00PM P.S.T. Mon-Fri): 1-800-959-6004Leviton Manufacturing of Canada, Ltd.165 Hymus Boulevard, Pointe Claire, Quebec H9R 1E9 • Telephone: 1-800-469-7890 • FAX: 1-800-563-1853Leviton S. de R.L. de C.V.Lago Tana 43, Mexico DF, Mexico CP 11290 • Tel. (+52) 55-5082-1040 • FAX: (+52) 5386-1797 • .mxVisit our Website at: /les© 2013 Leviton Manufacturing Co., Inc. All rights reserved. Subject to change without notice.ENLIGHTEN SCREENSHOTSAdd New Page Screen MFX SelectionMaster Fader Screen。
Alopecia_areata_guidelines_2012
GUIDELINESBJDBritish Journal of DermatologyBritish Association of Dermatologists’guidelines for the management of alopecia areata 2012A.G.Messenger,J.McKillop,*P.Farrant, A.J.McDonagh and M.Sladden àDepartment of Dermatology,Royal Hallamshire Hospital,Sheffield S102JF,U.K.*Alopecia UK,5Titchwell Road,London SW183LW,U.K.Department of Dermatology,Brighton General Hospital,Elm Grove,Brighton BN23EW,U.K.àDepartment of Medicine,University of Tasmania,Hobart,AustraliaCorrespondenceAndrew Messenger.E-mail:a.g.messenger@sheffiAccepted for publication10February 2012Funding sourcesNone.Conflicts of interestNone of the authors has a financial or commercial interest in any of the treatments discussed.A.G.M.occasionally acts as a consultant to pharmaceutical companies who manufacture and market products for the treatment of hair loss disorders.This is an updated guideline prepared for the British Association of Dermatologists’(BAD)Clinical Standards Unit,made up of the Therapy &Guidelines (T&G)subcommittee.Members of the Clinical Standards Unit are:J.Hughes(Chairman T&G),J.McLelland,S.Punjabi,D.A.Buckley,I.Nasr,V.J.Swale,C.E.Duarte Williamson,P.M.McHenry,S.Wagle (British National Formulary),S.Amin (British National Formulary),R.Davis (British Dermatological Nursing Group),S.E.Haveron (BAD Scientific Administrator),M.F.Mohd Mustapa (BAD Clinical Standards Manager).Guidelines produced in 2003by the British Association of Dermatologists;reviewed and updated 2012.DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.10955.xNHS Evidence has accredited the process used by the British Association of Dermatologists to produce guidelines.Accreditation is valid for three years from May 2010and is applicable to guidance produced using the processes described in the British Association of Dermatologists’guidelines development manual (Bell &Ormerod,2009).More information on accreditation can be viewed at.1.0Purpose and scopeThe guidelines have been revised and updated in accordance with a predetermined scope,based on that used in the 2003guidelines.Recommendations in these guidelines supersede those in the 2003guidelines.The objectives of the guidelines are to provide up-to-date recommendations for the manage-ment of alopecia areata in adults and children and a summary of the evidence base.2.0Stakeholder involvementThis guidance has been written by dermatologists and a patient representative.The draft guideline was made available for consultation and review by the British Association of Dermatologists’(BAD)membership,the Primary Care Dermatological Society (PCDS),the British Dermatological Nursing Group (BDNG)and the board of Alopecia UK,a patient support organization.The final document was peer-reviewed by the Clinical Standards Unit of the BAD (made up of the Therapy and Guidelines subcommittee)prior to publication.3.0MethodologyThese guidelines have been developed using the BAD’s recommendations 1and also with reference to the AGREE (Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation)instrument.2PubMed,MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched from January 2002to January 2012and full relevant papers in the English language obtained.Additional,targeted searches were also carried out across these three databases,as well as a search on the Allied and Complementary Medicine Database (AMED);details of the search strategy are available as an Appendix online (see Supporting Information).The recommendations made are those that are currently considered best practice.Where possible they are based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs).However,in view of the limited evidence from RCTs,guidance is also based on less rigorously controlled studies,uncontrolled studies,on clinical experience,and on patient experience.These recommenda-tions will be modified at intervals in light of new evidence.Ó2012The Authors916BJD Ó2012British Association of Dermatologists 2012166,pp916–9264.0Limitations of the guidelinesThis document has been prepared on behalf of the BAD and is based on the best data available when the document was pre-pared.It is recognized that under certain conditions it may be necessary to deviate from the guidelines,and that the results of future studies may require some of the recommendations herein to be changed.Failure to adhere to these guidelines should not necessarily be considered negligent,nor should adherence to these recommendations constitute a defence against a claim of negligence.5.0Plans for guideline revisionThe proposed revision date for this set of recommendations is scheduled for2017;where necessary,important interim changes will be updated on the BAD website.6.0BackgroundAlopecia areata is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the hair follicle and sometimes the nail.The onset may be at any age and there is no known race or sex preponderance. Alopecia areata usually presents as patches of hair loss on the scalp but any hair-bearing skin can be involved.The affected skin may be slightly reddened but otherwise appears normal. Short broken hairs(exclamation mark hairs)are frequently seen around the margins of expanding patches of alopecia areata.The nails are involved in about10%of patients referred for specialist advice.6.1PrognosisHair follicles are preserved in alopecia areata and the po-tential for recovery of hair growth is maintained,even in longstanding disease.One study from Japan reported that spontaneous remission within1year occurred in80%of patients with a small number of circumscribed patches of hair loss.3Data from secondary and tertiary referral centres are less favourable indicating that34–50%of patients will recover within1year.Almost all will experience more than one episode of the disease,and14–25%progress to total loss of scalp hair(alopecia totalis,AT)or loss of the entire scalp and body hair(alopecia universalis,AU),from which full recovery is unusual(<10%).4,5Disease severity at pre-sentation is the strongest predictor of long-term outcome.In an Italian study,191patients with alopecia areata who pre-sented to a university dermatology clinic between1983and 1990were contacted by telephone in2005to give self-reports of their clinical status.6Patients with less severe dis-ease at presentation were more likely to report being free of disease at follow-up(68%with less than25%hair loss initially;32%with25–50%hair loss initially;8%with more than50%hair loss initially).Patients with more severe disease initially were also more likely to report worsening patterns of alopecia such as AT and AU.The prognosis is also less favourable when onset occurs during childhood4,7–9and in ophiasis.9The concurrence of atopic disease has been reported to be associated with a poor prognosis3,9but this has been disputed.106.2AetiologyAbout20%of people with alopecia areata have a family history of the disease indicating a genetic predisposition.11 Associations have been reported with a variety of genes, including major histocompatibility complex(MHC)and cytokine genes,suggesting that the genetic predisposition is multifactorial in nature.A genome-wide association study confirmed the link with the MHC genes and also identified associations with other genes involved in regulating immune and inflammatory responses,and with some genes expressed in the hair follicle.12The hair follicle lesion is probably mediated by T lymphocytes.13The association between alo-pecia areata and other autoimmune diseases suggests that alopecia areata is itself an autoimmune disease although this is unproven.It has been proposed that the hair follicle is an immunologically‘privileged tissue’which is sheltered from immune surveillance by autoreactive T cells,and that failure of such immune privilege plays a key role in the pathogenesis of alopecia areata.14,157.0DiagnosisThe diagnosis of alopecia areata is usually straightforward although the following may cause diagnostic difficulties:1Trichotillomania–this condition probably causes most con-fusion and it is possible that it coexists with alopecia areata in some cases.The incomplete nature of the hair loss in trichotillomania and the fact that the broken hairs arefirmly anchored in the scalp(i.e.they remain in the growing phase,anagen,unlike exclamation mark hairs)are distin-guishing features.2Tinea capitis–the scalp is inflamed in tinea capitis but the signs may be subtle.3Early scarring alopecia.4Telogen effluvium.5Anagen effluvium(drug-induced)may mimic diffuse alope-cia areata.6Systemic lupus erythematosus.7Secondary syphilis.Dermoscopy can aid the diagnosis of alopecia areata.Regular round yellow dots are commonly seen in areas of hair loss and can indicate active disease progression.Dermoscopy also highlights common features seen in this condition such as dystrophic hairs with fractured tips(exclamation mark hairs) and hairs fractured before emergence from the scalp(cadaver-ized hairs).Thesefindings are not present in triangular alope-cia,trichotillomania or localized scarring conditions,which are sometimes considered within the differential of alopecia areata.16Occasionally,alopecia areata presents as diffuse hair loss which can be difficult to diagnose.The clinicalcourseÓ2012The AuthorsBJDÓ2012British Association of Dermatologists2012166,pp916–926Guidelines for the management of alopecia areata2012,A.G.Messenger et al.917often reveals the true diagnosis but a biopsy may be necessary in some cases.8.0InvestigationsInvestigations are unnecessary in most cases of alopecia areata. When the diagnosis is in doubt appropriate tests may include fungal culture,skin biopsy,serology for lupus erythematosus or serology for syphilis.The increased frequency of autoim-mune disease in patients with alopecia areata is probably insufficient to justify routine screening.One small case series suggested that iron deficiency is more common in women with alopecia areata than the population at large17but this was not confirmed in two subsequent studies,18,19and routine testing for iron status is not recommended.There are no published studies demonstrating a treatment response to iron replacement therapy.9.0ManagementAn overriding consideration in the management of alopecia areata is that,although the disease may have a serious psy-chological effect,it has no direct impact on general health that justifies the use of hazardous treatments,particularly of unproven efficacy.In addition,many patients,although by no means all,experience spontaneous regrowth of hair. However,the psychological effects of alopecia may impact on general health and depends on the individual’s coping strategy when dealing with an altered body image,which can result in higher levels of anxiety and a greater risk of depression leading to social,work-related and personal problems.209.1CounsellingAn explanation of alopecia areata,including discussion of the nature and course of the disease and the available treat-ments,is essential.Some patients are profoundly upset by their alopecia and may require psychological support.Many find it difficult to disclose their alopecia to family members and friends and struggle tofind the answers to their medi-cal and many practical questions.Contact with other patient experts and patient support groups can help individuals cope with the changing aspects of alopecia and provide support tofind a new level of self-acceptance of their altered body image.Alopecia areata in children can be particularly difficult.If a parent feels there is a significant change in a child’s needs (withdrawn,low self-esteem,failing to achieve at school, change in behaviour),referral to a paediatric clinical psycholo-gist,educational psychologist or social worker may be needed. It is important to consider both the positive and negative aspects of active treatment in this chronic condition.Some patients do respond well to treatment.However,treatment can be uncomfortable for the patient,time-consuming andcan be associated with undesirable side-effects.It may also alter the patient’s attitude to their hair loss.Some patientsfind it difficult to cope with relapse following or during initially successful treatment and they should be forewarned of this possibility.These considerations are particularly important in children where the social disruption and focusing of the child’s attention on their hair loss,which may result from active treatment,have to be carefully weighed against the po-tential benefits.On the other hand,some patients are appre-ciative that something has been tried,even if it does not work.An individual’s reaction to alopecia will vary depending on their own perceptions of body image,self-esteem,coping strategies,personality traits and their social support network. Commonly,people may feel self-conscious,conspicuous, angry,rejected,embarrassed or different and they may behave in a shy,cautious,aggressive,retreating,evasive or defensive (SCARED)manner.21It is important to mention self-accep-tance particularly in those with long-standing,extensive and persistent alopecia areata.9.2TreatmentA number of treatments can induce hair growth in alopecia areata but none has been shown to alter the long-term course of the disease.The high rate of spontaneous remis-sion makes it difficult to assess efficacy,particularly in mild forms of the disease.Some trials have been limited to patients with severe alopecia areata where spontaneous remission is unlikely.However,these patients tend to be resistant to all forms of treatment and the failure of a treat-ment in this setting does not exclude efficacy in mild alope-cia areata.There are numerous case reports and uncontrolled case series claiming response of alopecia areata to diverse treatments.However,few treatments have been subjected to RCTs and,except for contact immunotherapy,there are few published data on long-term outcomes.A Cochrane review of17RCTs in alopecia areata concluded that only one trial (of topical steroid)gave evidence of short-term benefit and none showed long-term benefit.22However,the review did not consider contact immunotherapy or intralesional cortico-steroid treatment due to the absence of RCTs for these modalities.9.2.1No treatmentLeaving alopecia areata untreated is a legitimate option for many patients.Spontaneous remission occurs in up to80% of patients with limited patchy hair loss of short duration (<1year).3Such patients may be managed by reassurance alone,with advice that regrowth cannot be expected within 3months of the development of any individual patch. The prognosis in longstanding extensive alopecia is poor and a wig may be a better option in such patients than indulging in treatments that are unlikely to be effective in this group.Ó2012The Authors BJDÓ2012British Association of Dermatologists2012166,pp916–926918Guidelines for the management of alopecia areata2012,A.G.Messenger et al.9.2.2CorticosteroidsFor the definition of levels of evidence see Appendix1. Topical corticosteroids(level of evidence2+)Very potent topical ste-roids are widely used to treat alopecia areata but the evidence for their effectiveness is limited.In a RCT of0Æ25%desoximetasone cream in70patients with patchy alopecia areata,more patients treated with the corticosteroid experienced at least minor improvement,com-pared with placebo,but the result failed to reach statistical sig-nificance.23In a trial of0Æ05%clobetasol propionate foam,34patients with moderate to severe alopecia areata were randomly assigned to treatment to one side of the scalp and vehicle to the other side.After12weeks of treatment,more sites treated with clobetasol had at least50%regrowth of hair(seven of 34vs.one of34).24Clobetasol propionate applied under an occlusive dressing may be effective in some patients.In a study of28patients who had AT⁄AU for a mean duration of7years,0Æ05%clobe-tasol propionate ointment applied under an occlusive plastic film on six out of seven nights for6months resulted in long-term hair regrowth infive patients(18%).25The study initial-ly had patients use the treatment on only one side of the scalp,and no hair regrowth occurred on the untreated side. Folliculitis is a common side-effect of treatment with potent topical steroids.Intralesional corticosteroids(level of evidence3)Depot corticosteroid injected intralesionally stimulates hair regrowth at the site of injection in some patients.Porter and Burton26reported that tufts of hair grew in33out of34sites injected with triamcin-olone hexacetonide in11patients with alopecia areata,and in 16of25sites injected with triamcinolone acetonide in17 patients.The effect lasted about9months.In a study from Saudi Arabia,62%of patients achieved full regrowth with monthly injections of triamcinolone acetonide,the response being better in those with fewer thanfive patches of<3cm in diameter.27This method is most suitable for treating patchy hair loss of limited extent and for cosmetically sensitive sites such as the eyebrows.Hydrocortisone acetate(25mg mL)1) and triamcinolone acetonide(5–10mg mL)1)are commonly used.Corticosteroid is injected just beneath the dermis in the upper subcutis.An injection of0Æ05–0Æ1mL will produce a tuft of hair growth about0Æ5cm in diameter.Multiple injec-tions may be given,the main limitation being patient discom-fort.Intralesional corticosteroids may also be administered by a needleless device(e.g.DermajetÔ;Dermajet UK,Crawley, U.K.).The device should be sterilized between patients.Abell and Munro28reported that52of84patients(62%)showed regrowth of hair at12weeks after three injections of triam-cinolone acetonide using the Porto Jet needleless device com-pared with one of15(7%)control subjects injected with isotonic saline.The results were less favourable in alopecia totalis than in localized alopecia.Skin atrophy at the site of injection is a consistent side-effect of intralesional steroid ther-apy,particularly if triamcinolone is used,but this usually resolves after a few months.Repeated injection at the same site or the use of higher concentrations of triamcinolone should be avoided as this may cause prolonged skin atrophy. There is a risk of cataract and raised intraocular pressure if int-ralesional corticosteroids are used close to the eye,e.g.for treating eyebrows.29There are two case reports of anaphylaxis in patients receiving intralesional triamcinolone acetonide for treatment of alopecia areata.30,31Intralesional corticosteroids are not appropriate in rapidly progressive alopecia or in exten-sive disease.Systemic corticosteroids(level of evidence3)Long-term daily treatment with oral corticosteroids will produce regrowth of hair in some patients.One small partly controlled study reported that 30–47%of patients treated with a6-week tapering course of oral prednisolone(starting at40mg daily)showed more than 25%hair regrowth.32Unfortunately,in most patients,contin-ued treatment is needed to maintain hair growth and the response is usually insufficient to justify the risks.33There are several published case series of high-dose pulsed corticosteroid treatment employing different oral and intravenous regimens (intravenous prednisolone2g,34intravenous methylpredniso-lone250mg twice daily for3days,35,36oral prednisolone 300mg once monthly,37dexamethasone5mg twice weekly38).The differences in treatment protocols and patient selection make it difficult to compare these studies directly; overall,about60%of patients with extensive patchy alopecia appeared to show a cosmetically worthwhile response to pulsed corticosteroids whereas fewer than10%of those with ophiasiform disease and AT⁄AU responded.In the only con-trolled trial,43patients were treated with oral prednisolone 200mg or placebo once weekly for3months.39Patients receiving prednisolone showed better hair regrowth at 6months,but this was not statistically significant.There is lit-tle published information on long-term outcomes.In a small case series of12children with severe alopecia areata who were treated with bolus high-dose methylprednisolone,the long-term outcome(median follow-up42months)was poor despite a good or moderate response in10children at 1month after treatment.40Significant side-effects have not yet been reported with pulsed administration of systemic corticosteroids in alopecia areata.However,short-and long-term side-effects of systemic corticosteroids are well known and potentially severe,and in view of these dangers it is not possible to support their use until there is better evidence of efficacy.9Æ2Æ3Contact immunotherapy(level of evidence2++) Contact immunotherapy was introduced by Rosenberg and Drake in1976.41The contact allergens that have been used in the treatment of alopecia areata include:1-chloro,2,4,dinitro-benzene(DNCB);squaric acid dibutylester(SADBE);and2,3-diphenylcyclopropenone(DPCP).Ó2012The AuthorsBJDÓ2012British Association of Dermatologists2012166,pp916–926Guidelines for the management of alopecia areata2012,A.G.Messenger et al.919DNCB fell from favour when it was found to be mutagenic against Salmonella typhimurium in the Ames test.42Neither SADBE nor DPCP are mutagenic.One DPCP precursor is mutagenic,43 and batches should be screened for contaminants by the sup-plier.DPCP is more stable in solution and is usually the agent of choice.The protocol for contact immunotherapy using DPCP was described by Happle et al.44The patient is sensitized using a 2%solution of DPCP applied to a small area of the scalp.Two weeks later the scalp is painted with a weak solution of DPCP, starting at0Æ001%,and this is repeated at weekly intervals. The concentration is increased at each treatment until a mild dermatitis reaction is obtained.Some clinicians treat one side of the scalp initially to distinguish between a treatment response and spontaneous recovery if hair regrowth occurs. Once hair regrowth is observed,both sides of the scalp are treated.In patients with severe longstanding alopecia,where spontaneous recovery is unusual,this precaution is unneces-sary.Opinions are divided on whether patients should be allowed to treat themselves.Once a maximum response is achieved most practitioners reduce the frequency of treatment.In patients where full re-growth of hair is obtained treatment can be discontinued. Subsequent relapses will usually respond to further contact immunotherapy although this cannot be guaranteed.A review of all the published studies of contact immuno-therapy concluded that50–60%of patients achieve a worth-while response but the range of response rates was very wide (9–87%).45Patients with extensive hair loss are less likely to respond.46,47Other reported adverse prognostic features include the presence of nail changes,early onset and a positive family history.45In most studies,treatment has been discon-tinued after6months if no response is obtained.In a large case series from Canada,clinically significant regrowth occurred in about30%of patients after6months of treatment but this increased to78%after32months of treatment,sug-gesting that more prolonged treatment is worthwhile.48The response in patients with AT⁄AU was less favourable at17% and this was not improved by treatment beyond9months. Relapses may occur following or during treatment.In the Canadian series,relapse following successful treatment occurred in62%of patients.Two case report series of contact immunotherapy in chil-dren with alopecia areata reported response rates of33%49 and32%.50A third study found a similar short-term response in children with severe alopecia areata but<10%experienced sustained benefit.51Adverse effects Most patients will develop occipital and⁄or cer-vical lymphadenopathy during contact immunotherapy.This is usually temporary but may persist throughout the treat-ment period.Severe dermatitis is the most common adverse effect but the risk can be minimized by careful titration of the concentration.Uncommon adverse effects include urti-caria,52which may be severe53and vitiligo.54,55Cosmeti-cally disabling pigmentary complications,both hyper-andhypopigmentation(including vitiligo),may occur if contact immunotherapy is used in patients with pigmented skin. Such patients should be warned of this risk before embark-ing on treatment.Contact immunotherapy has been in use for30years and no long-term side-effects have been reported.Precautions Contact immunotherapy is an unlicensed treatment that uses a nonpharmaceutical grade agent.Patients should(i) be fully informed about the nature of the treatment;(ii)be given an information sheet;and(iii)give signed consent. Great care must be taken to avoid contact with the allergen by handlers,including pharmacy,medical and nursing staff,and other members of the patient’s family.Those applying the allergen should wear gloves and aprons.There are no data on the safety of contact immunotherapy during pregnancy and it should not be used in pregnant women nor in women intend-ing to become pregnant.DPCP is degraded by light.Solutions should be stored in the dark and patients should wear a hat or wig for24h fol-lowing application.9Æ2Æ4Photochemotherapy:psoralen plus ultraviolet A (level of evidence3)There are several uncontrolled studies of psoralen plus ultravio-let A(PUVA)treatment for alopecia areata,using all types of PUVA(oral or topical psoralen,local or whole body UVA irradi-ation)56–59claiming success rates of up to60–65%.Two retro-spective reviews have reported low response rates60or suggested that the response was no better than the natural course of the disease,61although these observations were also uncontrolled.The relapse rate following treatment is high and continued treatment is usually needed to maintain hair growth, which may lead to an unacceptably high cumulative UVA dose. 9Æ2Æ5Minoxidil(level of evidence2–)An early double-blind study reported a significantly greater frequency of hair regrowth in patchy alopecia areata in patients treated with topical1%minoxidil compared with placebo.62Subsequent controlled trials in patients with exten-sive alopecia areata using1%or3%minoxidil failed to confirm these results.63–65Two of these studies reported a treatment response during an extended but uncontrolled part of the trial.In one study comparing5%and1%minoxidil in extensive alopecia areata,regrowth of hair occurred more fre-quently in those receiving5%minoxidil but few subjects obtained a cosmetically worthwhile result.66Topical minoxidil is ineffective in AT⁄AU.9Æ2Æ6Dithranol(level of evidence3)There are a small number of case report series of dithranol (anthralin)or other irritants in the treatment of alopecia areata.67–69The lack of controls makes the response ratesÓ2012The Authors BJDÓ2012British Association of Dermatologists2012166,pp916–926920Guidelines for the management of alopecia areata2012,A.G.Messenger et al.difficult to evaluate but only a small proportion of patients seem to achieve cosmetically worthwhile results.In one open study,18%of patients with extensive alopecia areata achieved cosmetically worthwhile hair regrowth.67The published data indicate that dithranol needs to be applied sufficiently fre-quently and in a high enough concentration to produce a brisk irritant reaction in order to be effective.Staining of hair limits its use in fair-haired individuals.9Æ2Æ7Calcineurin inhibitors(level of evidence3)The dual properties of ciclosporin as an immunosuppressive drug and as a hypertrichotic agent make it a logical choice in treating alopecia areata and this is supported by animal studies.Although there are only a small number of pub-lished uncontrolled trials with low patient numbers the evi-dence that ciclosporin does stimulate hair regrowth in some patients with alopecia areata is convincing.70However,as ciclosporin has to be given orally(it is not active topically), side-effects are a major consideration and,in patients with severe alopecia areata,the cosmetically worthwhile response rate is probably too low to justify the risks.71No response to treatment was seen in a case series of11patients with moderate to severe alopecia areata treated with topical tacrolimus for24weeks.729Æ2Æ8Eyelash alopecia and prostaglandin F2a analogues (level of evidence2–)Eyelash hypertrichosis is a side-effect of topical treatment of open-angle glaucoma with the prostaglandin F2a ana-logues,latanoprost and bimatoprost.In a study of40 patients with AU,45%achieved complete or moderate regrowth of eyelashes when treated with topical latano-prost for2years compared with no regrowth in a nonran-domized control group.73However,a16-week controlled study in11patients with eyelash alopecia showed no significant response to either latanoprost or bimatoprost,74 and partial regrowth was seen in only a single patient in a 16-week controlled study of latanoprost in26patients.75 A larger,more prolonged RCT is needed to resolve these conflicting results.9Æ2Æ9Biologic drugs(level of evidence3)The response of alopecia areata to biologic drugs has so far proved disappointing.Evidence to date indicates that antitumour necrosis factor(TNF)biologic drugs are inef-fective.There are several reports of alopecia areata occur-ring in patients receiving anti-TNF biologic drugs for other conditions,76and in an open-label study in17 patients with moderate to severe alopecia areata there was no response to treatment with etanercept.77In a RCT in 45patients with chronic severe alopecia areata,there was no significant response to alefacept,an anti-T-cell bio-logic,compared with placebo.789Æ2Æ10Miscellaneous treatmentsPartial evidence of efficacy,either from uncontrolled case ser-ies or from single controlled or partially controlled trials, exists for a number of treatments.Sulfasalazine(level of evidence3)Several uncontrolled case series have claimed response to sulfasalazine.79–81In an uncontrolled study of26patients with severe alopecia areata(>40%hair loss),22 of whom completed the treatment,six showed complete recov-ery and a further nine had partial regrowth of hair.Partial or complete relapse occurred in10of the15responders.82Methotrexate(level of evidence3)In a retrospective review of22 patients with AT⁄AU treated with methotrexate15–25mg per week with or without prednisolone10–20mg daily,14 achieved complete regrowth of hair,including three of six patients treated with methotrexate alone.83IsoprinosineÒ(level of evidence2–)IsoprinosineÒ(Newport Phar-maceuticals,Swords,Ireland)is an old drug that has immuno-stimulatory and antiviral properties.Early uncontrolled studies of its use in alopecia areata reported mixed positive84and negative results.85A more recent RCT in32patients with recalcitrant alopecia areata reported complete remission at 12weeks in50%of patients taking Isoprinosine compared with none in the placebo control group.86Laser therapy(level of evidence3)An infrared diode laser was used to treat patchy alopecia areata plete or par-tial regrowth was seen in32of34treated patches,whereas no growth occurred in patches left untreated.87In18adults, 42patches of alopecia areata were treated twice weekly for 12weeks with a308-nm excimer laser.Regrowth was seen in 17patches.88Similar results(60%response rate)were observed in a study of excimer laser treatment in nine children with alopecia areata.Patches left untreated failed to regrow hair.89Aromatherapy(level of evidence3)In a nonrandomized double-blind trial,19out of43(44%)patients receiving aromatherapy showed a treatment response at7months,compared with six out of41(15%)patients in the control group.90 Hypnotherapy(level of evidence3)In a nonrandomized trial compar-ing20patients(most with severe alopecia areata)treated by hypnotherapy with21untreated control patients,the treated group showed a significant reduction in scores for depression and anxiety,but there was no difference between groups in terms of hair regrowth.91Despite the negative influence on hair growth this study highlights the role of nonpharmacolog-ical treatments in helping patients with alopecia areata.9Æ3Wigs and prostheses(level of evidence4)Coping with the impact of alopecia areata depends on the indi-vidual’s ability to deal with an altered body appearance andtheirÓ2012The AuthorsBJDÓ2012British Association of Dermatologists2012166,pp916–926Guidelines for the management of alopecia areata2012,A.G.Messenger et al.921。
Native Instruments MASCHINE MIKRO MK3用户手册说明书
The information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of Native Instruments GmbH. The software described by this docu-ment is subject to a License Agreement and may not be copied to other media. No part of this publication may be copied, reproduced or otherwise transmitted or recorded, for any purpose, without prior written permission by Native Instruments GmbH, hereinafter referred to as Native Instruments.“Native Instruments”, “NI” and associated logos are (registered) trademarks of Native Instru-ments GmbH.ASIO, VST, HALion and Cubase are registered trademarks of Steinberg Media Technologies GmbH.All other product and company names are trademarks™ or registered® trademarks of their re-spective holders. Use of them does not imply any affiliation with or endorsement by them.Document authored by: David Gover and Nico Sidi.Software version: 2.8 (02/2019)Hardware version: MASCHINE MIKRO MK3Special thanks to the Beta Test Team, who were invaluable not just in tracking down bugs, but in making this a better product.NATIVE INSTRUMENTS GmbH Schlesische Str. 29-30D-10997 Berlin Germanywww.native-instruments.de NATIVE INSTRUMENTS North America, Inc. 6725 Sunset Boulevard5th FloorLos Angeles, CA 90028USANATIVE INSTRUMENTS K.K.YO Building 3FJingumae 6-7-15, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150-0001Japanwww.native-instruments.co.jp NATIVE INSTRUMENTS UK Limited 18 Phipp StreetLondon EC2A 4NUUKNATIVE INSTRUMENTS FRANCE SARL 113 Rue Saint-Maur75011 ParisFrance SHENZHEN NATIVE INSTRUMENTS COMPANY Limited 5F, Shenzhen Zimao Center111 Taizi Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, GuangdongChina© NATIVE INSTRUMENTS GmbH, 2019. All rights reserved.Table of Contents1Welcome to MASCHINE (23)1.1MASCHINE Documentation (24)1.2Document Conventions (25)1.3New Features in MASCHINE 2.8 (26)1.4New Features in MASCHINE 2.7.10 (28)1.5New Features in MASCHINE 2.7.8 (29)1.6New Features in MASCHINE 2.7.7 (29)1.7New Features in MASCHINE 2.7.4 (31)1.8New Features in MASCHINE 2.7.3 (33)2Quick Reference (35)2.1MASCHINE Project Overview (35)2.1.1Sound Content (35)2.1.2Arrangement (37)2.2MASCHINE Hardware Overview (40)2.2.1MASCHINE MIKRO Hardware Overview (40)2.2.1.1Browser Section (41)2.2.1.2Edit Section (42)2.2.1.3Performance Section (43)2.2.1.4Transport Section (45)2.2.1.5Pad Section (46)2.2.1.6Rear Panel (50)2.3MASCHINE Software Overview (51)2.3.1Header (52)2.3.2Browser (54)2.3.3Arranger (56)2.3.4Control Area (59)2.3.5Pattern Editor (60)3Basic Concepts (62)3.1Important Names and Concepts (62)3.2Adjusting the MASCHINE User Interface (65)3.2.1Adjusting the Size of the Interface (65)3.2.2Switching between Ideas View and Song View (66)3.2.3Showing/Hiding the Browser (67)3.2.4Showing/Hiding the Control Lane (67)3.3Common Operations (68)3.3.1Adjusting Volume, Swing, and Tempo (68)3.3.2Undo/Redo (71)3.3.3Focusing on a Group or a Sound (73)3.3.4Switching Between the Master, Group, and Sound Level (77)3.3.5Navigating Channel Properties, Plug-ins, and Parameter Pages in the Control Area.773.3.6Navigating the Software Using the Controller (82)3.3.7Using Two or More Hardware Controllers (82)3.3.8Loading a Recent Project from the Controller (84)3.4Native Kontrol Standard (85)3.5Stand-Alone and Plug-in Mode (86)3.5.1Differences between Stand-Alone and Plug-in Mode (86)3.5.2Switching Instances (88)3.6Preferences (88)3.6.1Preferences – General Page (89)3.6.2Preferences – Audio Page (93)3.6.3Preferences – MIDI Page (95)3.6.4Preferences – Default Page (97)3.6.5Preferences – Library Page (101)3.6.6Preferences – Plug-ins Page (109)3.6.7Preferences – Hardware Page (114)3.6.8Preferences – Colors Page (114)3.7Integrating MASCHINE into a MIDI Setup (117)3.7.1Connecting External MIDI Equipment (117)3.7.2Sync to External MIDI Clock (117)3.7.3Send MIDI Clock (118)3.7.4Using MIDI Mode (119)3.8Syncing MASCHINE using Ableton Link (120)3.8.1Connecting to a Network (121)3.8.2Joining and Leaving a Link Session (121)4Browser (123)4.1Browser Basics (123)4.1.1The MASCHINE Library (123)4.1.2Browsing the Library vs. Browsing Your Hard Disks (124)4.2Searching and Loading Files from the Library (125)4.2.1Overview of the Library Pane (125)4.2.2Selecting or Loading a Product and Selecting a Bank from the Browser (128)4.2.3Selecting a Product Category, a Product, a Bank, and a Sub-Bank (133)4.2.3.1Selecting a Product Category, a Product, a Bank, and a Sub-Bank on theController (137)4.2.4Selecting a File Type (137)4.2.5Choosing Between Factory and User Content (138)4.2.6Selecting Type and Character Tags (138)4.2.7Performing a Text Search (142)4.2.8Loading a File from the Result List (143)4.3Additional Browsing Tools (148)4.3.1Loading the Selected Files Automatically (148)4.3.2Auditioning Instrument Presets (149)4.3.3Auditioning Samples (150)4.3.4Loading Groups with Patterns (150)4.3.5Loading Groups with Routing (151)4.3.6Displaying File Information (151)4.4Using Favorites in the Browser (152)4.5Editing the Files’ Tags and Properties (155)4.5.1Attribute Editor Basics (155)4.5.2The Bank Page (157)4.5.3The Types and Characters Pages (157)4.5.4The Properties Page (160)4.6Loading and Importing Files from Your File System (161)4.6.1Overview of the FILES Pane (161)4.6.2Using Favorites (163)4.6.3Using the Location Bar (164)4.6.4Navigating to Recent Locations (165)4.6.5Using the Result List (166)4.6.6Importing Files to the MASCHINE Library (169)4.7Locating Missing Samples (171)4.8Using Quick Browse (173)5Managing Sounds, Groups, and Your Project (175)5.1Overview of the Sounds, Groups, and Master (175)5.1.1The Sound, Group, and Master Channels (176)5.1.2Similarities and Differences in Handling Sounds and Groups (177)5.1.3Selecting Multiple Sounds or Groups (178)5.2Managing Sounds (181)5.2.1Loading Sounds (183)5.2.2Pre-listening to Sounds (184)5.2.3Renaming Sound Slots (185)5.2.4Changing the Sound’s Color (186)5.2.5Saving Sounds (187)5.2.6Copying and Pasting Sounds (189)5.2.7Moving Sounds (192)5.2.8Resetting Sound Slots (193)5.3Managing Groups (194)5.3.1Creating Groups (196)5.3.2Loading Groups (197)5.3.3Renaming Groups (198)5.3.4Changing the Group’s Color (199)5.3.5Saving Groups (200)5.3.6Copying and Pasting Groups (202)5.3.7Reordering Groups (206)5.3.8Deleting Groups (207)5.4Exporting MASCHINE Objects and Audio (208)5.4.1Saving a Group with its Samples (208)5.4.2Saving a Project with its Samples (210)5.4.3Exporting Audio (212)5.5Importing Third-Party File Formats (218)5.5.1Loading REX Files into Sound Slots (218)5.5.2Importing MPC Programs to Groups (219)6Playing on the Controller (223)6.1Adjusting the Pads (223)6.1.1The Pad View in the Software (223)6.1.2Choosing a Pad Input Mode (225)6.1.3Adjusting the Base Key (226)6.2Adjusting the Key, Choke, and Link Parameters for Multiple Sounds (227)6.3Playing Tools (229)6.3.1Mute and Solo (229)6.3.2Choke All Notes (233)6.3.3Groove (233)6.3.4Level, Tempo, Tune, and Groove Shortcuts on Your Controller (235)6.3.5Tap Tempo (235)6.4Performance Features (236)6.4.1Overview of the Perform Features (236)6.4.2Selecting a Scale and Creating Chords (239)6.4.3Scale and Chord Parameters (240)6.4.4Creating Arpeggios and Repeated Notes (253)6.4.5Swing on Note Repeat / Arp Output (257)6.5Using Lock Snapshots (257)6.5.1Creating a Lock Snapshot (257)7Working with Plug-ins (259)7.1Plug-in Overview (259)7.1.1Plug-in Basics (259)7.1.2First Plug-in Slot of Sounds: Choosing the Sound’s Role (263)7.1.3Loading, Removing, and Replacing a Plug-in (264)7.1.4Adjusting the Plug-in Parameters (270)7.1.5Bypassing Plug-in Slots (270)7.1.6Using Side-Chain (272)7.1.7Moving Plug-ins (272)7.1.8Alternative: the Plug-in Strip (273)7.1.9Saving and Recalling Plug-in Presets (273)7.1.9.1Saving Plug-in Presets (274)7.1.9.2Recalling Plug-in Presets (275)7.1.9.3Removing a Default Plug-in Preset (276)7.2The Sampler Plug-in (277)7.2.1Page 1: Voice Settings / Engine (279)7.2.2Page 2: Pitch / Envelope (281)7.2.3Page 3: FX / Filter (283)7.2.4Page 4: Modulation (285)7.2.5Page 5: LFO (286)7.2.6Page 6: Velocity / Modwheel (288)7.3Using Native Instruments and External Plug-ins (289)7.3.1Opening/Closing Plug-in Windows (289)7.3.2Using the VST/AU Plug-in Parameters (292)7.3.3Setting Up Your Own Parameter Pages (293)7.3.4Using VST/AU Plug-in Presets (298)7.3.5Multiple-Output Plug-ins and Multitimbral Plug-ins (300)8Using the Audio Plug-in (302)8.1Loading a Loop into the Audio Plug-in (306)8.2Editing Audio in the Audio Plug-in (307)8.3Using Loop Mode (308)8.4Using Gate Mode (310)9Using the Drumsynths (312)9.1Drumsynths – General Handling (313)9.1.1Engines: Many Different Drums per Drumsynth (313)9.1.2Common Parameter Organization (313)9.1.3Shared Parameters (316)9.1.4Various Velocity Responses (316)9.1.5Pitch Range, Tuning, and MIDI Notes (316)9.2The Kicks (317)9.2.1Kick – Sub (319)9.2.2Kick – Tronic (321)9.2.3Kick – Dusty (324)9.2.4Kick – Grit (325)9.2.5Kick – Rasper (328)9.2.6Kick – Snappy (329)9.2.7Kick – Bold (331)9.2.8Kick – Maple (333)9.2.9Kick – Push (334)9.3The Snares (336)9.3.1Snare – Volt (338)9.3.2Snare – Bit (340)9.3.3Snare – Pow (342)9.3.4Snare – Sharp (343)9.3.5Snare – Airy (345)9.3.6Snare – Vintage (347)9.3.7Snare – Chrome (349)9.3.8Snare – Iron (351)9.3.9Snare – Clap (353)9.3.10Snare – Breaker (355)9.4The Hi-hats (357)9.4.1Hi-hat – Silver (358)9.4.2Hi-hat – Circuit (360)9.4.3Hi-hat – Memory (362)9.4.4Hi-hat – Hybrid (364)9.4.5Creating a Pattern with Closed and Open Hi-hats (366)9.5The Toms (367)9.5.1Tom – Tronic (369)9.5.2Tom – Fractal (371)9.5.3Tom – Floor (375)9.5.4Tom – High (377)9.6The Percussions (378)9.6.1Percussion – Fractal (380)9.6.2Percussion – Kettle (383)9.6.3Percussion – Shaker (385)9.7The Cymbals (389)9.7.1Cymbal – Crash (391)9.7.2Cymbal – Ride (393)10Using the Bass Synth (396)10.1Bass Synth – General Handling (397)10.1.1Parameter Organization (397)10.1.2Bass Synth Parameters (399)11Working with Patterns (401)11.1Pattern Basics (401)11.1.1Pattern Editor Overview (402)11.1.2Navigating the Event Area (404)11.1.3Following the Playback Position in the Pattern (406)11.1.4Jumping to Another Playback Position in the Pattern (407)11.1.5Group View and Keyboard View (408)11.1.6Adjusting the Arrange Grid and the Pattern Length (410)11.1.7Adjusting the Step Grid and the Nudge Grid (413)11.2Recording Patterns in Real Time (416)11.2.1Recording Your Patterns Live (417)11.2.2Using the Metronome (419)11.2.3Recording with Count-in (420)11.3Recording Patterns with the Step Sequencer (422)11.3.1Step Mode Basics (422)11.3.2Editing Events in Step Mode (424)11.4Editing Events (425)11.4.1Editing Events with the Mouse: an Overview (425)11.4.2Creating Events/Notes (428)11.4.3Selecting Events/Notes (429)11.4.4Editing Selected Events/Notes (431)11.4.5Deleting Events/Notes (434)11.4.6Cut, Copy, and Paste Events/Notes (436)11.4.7Quantizing Events/Notes (439)11.4.8Quantization While Playing (441)11.4.9Doubling a Pattern (442)11.4.10Adding Variation to Patterns (442)11.5Recording and Editing Modulation (443)11.5.1Which Parameters Are Modulatable? (444)11.5.2Recording Modulation (446)11.5.3Creating and Editing Modulation in the Control Lane (447)11.6Creating MIDI Tracks from Scratch in MASCHINE (452)11.7Managing Patterns (454)11.7.1The Pattern Manager and Pattern Mode (455)11.7.2Selecting Patterns and Pattern Banks (456)11.7.3Creating Patterns (459)11.7.4Deleting Patterns (460)11.7.5Creating and Deleting Pattern Banks (461)11.7.6Naming Patterns (463)11.7.7Changing the Pattern’s Color (465)11.7.8Duplicating, Copying, and Pasting Patterns (466)11.7.9Moving Patterns (469)11.8Importing/Exporting Audio and MIDI to/from Patterns (470)11.8.1Exporting Audio from Patterns (470)11.8.2Exporting MIDI from Patterns (472)11.8.3Importing MIDI to Patterns (474)12Audio Routing, Remote Control, and Macro Controls (483)12.1Audio Routing in MASCHINE (484)12.1.1Sending External Audio to Sounds (485)12.1.2Configuring the Main Output of Sounds and Groups (489)12.1.3Setting Up Auxiliary Outputs for Sounds and Groups (494)12.1.4Configuring the Master and Cue Outputs of MASCHINE (497)12.1.5Mono Audio Inputs (502)12.1.5.1Configuring External Inputs for Sounds in Mix View (503)12.2Using MIDI Control and Host Automation (506)12.2.1Triggering Sounds via MIDI Notes (507)12.2.2Triggering Scenes via MIDI (513)12.2.3Controlling Parameters via MIDI and Host Automation (514)12.2.4Selecting VST/AU Plug-in Presets via MIDI Program Change (522)12.2.5Sending MIDI from Sounds (523)12.3Creating Custom Sets of Parameters with the Macro Controls (527)12.3.1Macro Control Overview (527)12.3.2Assigning Macro Controls Using the Software (528)13Controlling Your Mix (535)13.1Mix View Basics (535)13.1.1Switching between Arrange View and Mix View (535)13.1.2Mix View Elements (536)13.2The Mixer (537)13.2.1Displaying Groups vs. Displaying Sounds (539)13.2.2Adjusting the Mixer Layout (541)13.2.3Selecting Channel Strips (542)13.2.4Managing Your Channels in the Mixer (543)13.2.5Adjusting Settings in the Channel Strips (545)13.2.6Using the Cue Bus (549)13.3The Plug-in Chain (551)13.4The Plug-in Strip (552)13.4.1The Plug-in Header (554)13.4.2Panels for Drumsynths and Internal Effects (556)13.4.3Panel for the Sampler (557)13.4.4Custom Panels for Native Instruments Plug-ins (560)13.4.5Undocking a Plug-in Panel (Native Instruments and External Plug-ins Only) (564)14Using Effects (567)14.1Applying Effects to a Sound, a Group or the Master (567)14.1.1Adding an Effect (567)14.1.2Other Operations on Effects (574)14.1.3Using the Side-Chain Input (575)14.2Applying Effects to External Audio (578)14.2.1Step 1: Configure MASCHINE Audio Inputs (578)14.2.2Step 2: Set up a Sound to Receive the External Input (579)14.2.3Step 3: Load an Effect to Process an Input (579)14.3Creating a Send Effect (580)14.3.1Step 1: Set Up a Sound or Group as Send Effect (581)14.3.2Step 2: Route Audio to the Send Effect (583)14.3.3 A Few Notes on Send Effects (583)14.4Creating Multi-Effects (584)15Effect Reference (587)15.1Dynamics (588)15.1.1Compressor (588)15.1.2Gate (591)15.1.3Transient Master (594)15.1.4Limiter (596)15.1.5Maximizer (600)15.2Filtering Effects (603)15.2.1EQ (603)15.2.2Filter (605)15.2.3Cabinet (609)15.3Modulation Effects (611)15.3.1Chorus (611)15.3.2Flanger (612)15.3.3FM (613)15.3.4Freq Shifter (615)15.3.5Phaser (616)15.4Spatial and Reverb Effects (617)15.4.1Ice (617)15.4.2Metaverb (619)15.4.3Reflex (620)15.4.4Reverb (Legacy) (621)15.4.5Reverb (623)15.4.5.1Reverb Room (623)15.4.5.2Reverb Hall (626)15.4.5.3Plate Reverb (629)15.5Delays (630)15.5.1Beat Delay (630)15.5.2Grain Delay (632)15.5.3Grain Stretch (634)15.5.4Resochord (636)15.6Distortion Effects (638)15.6.1Distortion (638)15.6.2Lofi (640)15.6.3Saturator (641)15.7Perform FX (645)15.7.1Filter (646)15.7.2Flanger (648)15.7.3Burst Echo (650)15.7.4Reso Echo (653)15.7.5Ring (656)15.7.6Stutter (658)15.7.7Tremolo (661)15.7.8Scratcher (664)16Working with the Arranger (667)16.1Arranger Basics (667)16.1.1Navigating Song View (670)16.1.2Following the Playback Position in Your Project (672)16.1.3Performing with Scenes and Sections using the Pads (673)16.2Using Ideas View (677)16.2.1Scene Overview (677)16.2.2Creating Scenes (679)16.2.3Assigning and Removing Patterns (679)16.2.4Selecting Scenes (682)16.2.5Deleting Scenes (684)16.2.6Creating and Deleting Scene Banks (685)16.2.7Clearing Scenes (685)16.2.8Duplicating Scenes (685)16.2.9Reordering Scenes (687)16.2.10Making Scenes Unique (688)16.2.11Appending Scenes to Arrangement (689)16.2.12Naming Scenes (689)16.2.13Changing the Color of a Scene (690)16.3Using Song View (692)16.3.1Section Management Overview (692)16.3.2Creating Sections (694)16.3.3Assigning a Scene to a Section (695)16.3.4Selecting Sections and Section Banks (696)16.3.5Reorganizing Sections (700)16.3.6Adjusting the Length of a Section (702)16.3.6.1Adjusting the Length of a Section Using the Software (703)16.3.6.2Adjusting the Length of a Section Using the Controller (705)16.3.7Clearing a Pattern in Song View (705)16.3.8Duplicating Sections (705)16.3.8.1Making Sections Unique (707)16.3.9Removing Sections (707)16.3.10Renaming Scenes (708)16.3.11Clearing Sections (710)16.3.12Creating and Deleting Section Banks (710)16.3.13Working with Patterns in Song view (710)16.3.13.1Creating a Pattern in Song View (711)16.3.13.2Selecting a Pattern in Song View (711)16.3.13.3Clearing a Pattern in Song View (711)16.3.13.4Renaming a Pattern in Song View (711)16.3.13.5Coloring a Pattern in Song View (712)16.3.13.6Removing a Pattern in Song View (712)16.3.13.7Duplicating a Pattern in Song View (712)16.3.14Enabling Auto Length (713)16.3.15Looping (714)16.3.15.1Setting the Loop Range in the Software (714)16.3.15.2Activating or Deactivating a Loop Using the Controller (715)16.4Playing with Sections (715)16.4.1Jumping to another Playback Position in Your Project (716)16.5Triggering Sections or Scenes via MIDI (717)16.6The Arrange Grid (719)16.7Quick Grid (720)17Sampling and Sample Mapping (722)17.1Opening the Sample Editor (722)17.2Recording Audio (724)17.2.1Opening the Record Page (724)17.2.2Selecting the Source and the Recording Mode (725)17.2.3Arming, Starting, and Stopping the Recording (729)17.2.5Checking Your Recordings (731)17.2.6Location and Name of Your Recorded Samples (734)17.3Editing a Sample (735)17.3.1Using the Edit Page (735)17.3.2Audio Editing Functions (739)17.4Slicing a Sample (743)17.4.1Opening the Slice Page (743)17.4.2Adjusting the Slicing Settings (744)17.4.3Manually Adjusting Your Slices (746)17.4.4Applying the Slicing (750)17.5Mapping Samples to Zones (754)17.5.1Opening the Zone Page (754)17.5.2Zone Page Overview (755)17.5.3Selecting and Managing Zones in the Zone List (756)17.5.4Selecting and Editing Zones in the Map View (761)17.5.5Editing Zones in the Sample View (765)17.5.6Adjusting the Zone Settings (767)17.5.7Adding Samples to the Sample Map (770)18Appendix: Tips for Playing Live (772)18.1Preparations (772)18.1.1Focus on the Hardware (772)18.1.2Customize the Pads of the Hardware (772)18.1.3Check Your CPU Power Before Playing (772)18.1.4Name and Color Your Groups, Patterns, Sounds and Scenes (773)18.1.5Consider Using a Limiter on Your Master (773)18.1.6Hook Up Your Other Gear and Sync It with MIDI Clock (773)18.1.7Improvise (773)18.2Basic Techniques (773)18.2.1Use Mute and Solo (773)18.2.2Create Variations of Your Drum Patterns in the Step Sequencer (774)18.2.3Use Note Repeat (774)18.2.4Set Up Your Own Multi-effect Groups and Automate Them (774)18.3Special Tricks (774)18.3.1Changing Pattern Length for Variation (774)18.3.2Using Loops to Cycle Through Samples (775)18.3.3Load Long Audio Files and Play with the Start Point (775)19Troubleshooting (776)19.1Knowledge Base (776)19.2Technical Support (776)19.3Registration Support (777)19.4User Forum (777)20Glossary (778)Index (786)1Welcome to MASCHINEThank you for buying MASCHINE!MASCHINE is a groove production studio that implements the familiar working style of classi-cal groove boxes along with the advantages of a computer based system. MASCHINE is ideal for making music live, as well as in the studio. It’s the hands-on aspect of a dedicated instru-ment, the MASCHINE hardware controller, united with the advanced editing features of the MASCHINE software.Creating beats is often not very intuitive with a computer, but using the MASCHINE hardware controller to do it makes it easy and fun. You can tap in freely with the pads or use Note Re-peat to jam along. Alternatively, build your beats using the step sequencer just as in classic drum machines.Patterns can be intuitively combined and rearranged on the fly to form larger ideas. You can try out several different versions of a song without ever having to stop the music.Since you can integrate it into any sequencer that supports VST, AU, or AAX plug-ins, you can reap the benefits in almost any software setup, or use it as a stand-alone application. You can sample your own material, slice loops and rearrange them easily.However, MASCHINE is a lot more than an ordinary groovebox or sampler: it comes with an inspiring 7-gigabyte library, and a sophisticated, yet easy to use tag-based Browser to give you instant access to the sounds you are looking for.What’s more, MASCHINE provides lots of options for manipulating your sounds via internal ef-fects and other sound-shaping possibilities. You can also control external MIDI hardware and 3rd-party software with the MASCHINE hardware controller, while customizing the functions of the pads, knobs and buttons according to your needs utilizing the included Controller Editor application. We hope you enjoy this fantastic instrument as much as we do. Now let’s get go-ing!—The MASCHINE team at Native Instruments.MASCHINE Documentation1.1MASCHINE DocumentationNative Instruments provide many information sources regarding MASCHINE. The main docu-ments should be read in the following sequence:1.MASCHINE MIKRO Quick Start Guide: This animated online guide provides a practical ap-proach to help you learn the basic of MASCHINE MIKRO. The guide is available from theNative Instruments website: https:///maschine-mikro-quick-start/2.MASCHINE Manual (this document): The MASCHINE Manual provides you with a compre-hensive description of all MASCHINE software and hardware features.Additional documentation sources provide you with details on more specific topics:►Online Support Videos: You can find a number of support videos on The Official Native In-struments Support Channel under the following URL: https:///NIsupport-EN. We recommend that you follow along with these instructions while the respective ap-plication is running on your computer.Other Online Resources:If you are experiencing problems related to your Native Instruments product that the supplied documentation does not cover, there are several ways of getting help:▪Knowledge Base▪User Forum▪Technical Support▪Registration SupportYou will find more information on these subjects in the chapter Troubleshooting.Document Conventions1.2Document ConventionsThis section introduces you to the signage and text highlighting used in this manual. This man-ual uses particular formatting to point out special facts and to warn you of potential issues.The icons introducing these notes let you see what kind of information is to be expected:This document uses particular formatting to point out special facts and to warn you of poten-tial issues. The icons introducing the following notes let you see what kind of information canbe expected:Furthermore, the following formatting is used:▪Text appearing in (drop-down) menus (such as Open…, Save as… etc.) in the software andpaths to locations on your hard disk or other storage devices is printed in italics.▪Text appearing elsewhere (labels of buttons, controls, text next to checkboxes etc.) in thesoftware is printed in blue. Whenever you see this formatting applied, you will find thesame text appearing somewhere on the screen.▪Text appearing on the displays of the controller is printed in light grey. Whenever you seethis formatting applied, you will find the same text on a controller display.▪Text appearing on labels of the hardware controller is printed in orange. Whenever you seethis formatting applied, you will find the same text on the controller.▪Important names and concepts are printed in bold.▪References to keys on your computer’s keyboard you’ll find put in square brackets (e.g.,“Press [Shift] + [Enter]”).►Single instructions are introduced by this play button type arrow.→Results of actions are introduced by this smaller arrow.Naming ConventionThroughout the documentation we will refer to MASCHINE controller (or just controller) as the hardware controller and MASCHINE software as the software installed on your computer.The term “effect” will sometimes be abbreviated as “FX” when referring to elements in the MA-SCHINE software and hardware. These terms have the same meaning.Button Combinations and Shortcuts on Your ControllerMost instructions will use the “+” sign to indicate buttons (or buttons and pads) that must be pressed simultaneously, starting with the button indicated first. E.g., an instruction such as:“Press SHIFT + PLAY”means:1.Press and hold SHIFT.2.While holding SHIFT, press PLAY and release it.3.Release SHIFT.1.3New Features in MASCHINE2.8The following new features have been added to MASCHINE: Integration▪Browse on , create your own collections of loops and one-shots and send them directly to the MASCHINE browser.Improvements to the Browser▪Samples are now cataloged in separate Loops and One-shots tabs in the Browser.▪Previews of loops selected in the Browser will be played in sync with the current project.When a loop is selected with Prehear turned on, it will begin playing immediately in-sync with the project if transport is running. If a loop preview starts part-way through the loop, the loop will play once more for its full length to ensure you get to hear the entire loop once in context with your project.▪Filters and product selections will be remembered when switching between content types and Factory/User Libraries in the Browser.▪Browser content synchronization between multiple running instances. When running multi-ple instances of MASCHINE, either as Standalone and/or as a plug-in, updates to the Li-brary will be synced across the instances. For example, if you delete a sample from your User Library in one instance, the sample will no longer be present in the other instances.Similarly, if you save a preset in one instance, that preset will then be available in the oth-er instances, too.▪Edits made to samples in the Factory Libraries will be saved to the Standard User Directo-ry.For more information on these new features, refer to the following chapter ↑4, Browser. Improvements to the MASCHINE MIKRO MK3 Controller▪You can now set sample Start and End points using the controller. For more information refer to ↑17.3.1, Using the Edit Page.Improved Support for A-Series Keyboards▪When Browsing with A-Series keyboards, you can now jump quickly to the results list by holding SHIFT and pushing right on the 4D Encoder.▪When Browsing with A-Series keyboards, you can fast scroll through the Browser results list by holding SHIFT and twisting the 4D Encoder.▪Mute and Solo Sounds and Groups from A-Series keyboards. Sounds are muted in TRACK mode while Groups are muted in IDEAS.。
2012春夏纽约时装周概述
2012春夏纽约时装周概述POP就2012春夏纽约时装周上的重要趋势以及亮点设计为您进行简要的概述。
在这篇报道中您将会看到2012春夏纽约时装周的最新面料技术、重要的色彩趋势、最新的款式趋势以及这些趋势所带来的重大影响。
纽约时装周的亮点dieyoungstaypretty88.j crew在纽约时装周排的满满当当的发布会时间表和展示现场，我们看到了许许多多的亮点。
Hussein Chalayan品牌发布了一个名为“Grey Label”的最新系列，这个女装系列的售价比Hussein Chalayan品牌的主线系列稍低一些。
这个系列可谓包罗万象，主要包括西装夹克、半身裙、针织装、连衣裙和配饰等。
英国著名品牌Mulberry高调进入美国市场，为了庆祝品牌创立四十周年，Mulberry在纽约的苏豪区开设了品牌旗舰店。
Victoria Beckham为自创的同名品牌推出了副线系列，这个名为“Victoria”的副线系列售价较主线系列低，主要包括了一系列柔美飘逸的连衣裙款式。
Victoria Beckham在出席纽约时装周活动期间就身穿该系列中的一款扇形领圈、黑色和桃红色混搭的无袖连衣裙，毕竟，Victoria Beckham本人就是这个品牌最好的宣传广告。
J Crew也在这一季的纽约时装周上发布了该品牌的处女系列。
Alexander Wang 2012春夏最新系列女装的海报出现在纽约巴尼百货商店的巨大的广告牌上，将新科技推上了一个台阶。
非洲游猎风格女装游猎风格的动物皮纹印花和醒目的民族风图案出现在很多设计师品牌的发布会上，由此可见，非洲风格主题成为了2012春夏纽约时装周的一个重要趋势。
Michael Kors向我们展示了最新打造的“Afri-Luxe”系列女装，鳄鱼皮纹印花皮夹克和羽毛装饰的无袖连衣裙是这一系列的亮点款式，而Custo Barcelona则受到了泳装款式的灵感，打造出金属质感的卡其绿色高腰三角裤搭配光泽闪耀的游猎风格无袖衬衫。
【礼品方案 礼品建议 推荐礼品】礼先生-LEXON2012新品介绍
2012-设计师
MARC BERTHIER
LS91-SLIM TYKHO PEN
LS91-SLIM TYKHO PEN：
收缩式圆珠笔 中性笔 材料：橡胶/黄铜及钢 颜色：蓝色-天蓝色-紫红色- 灰色 – 黄色 – 橙色 – 红色—绿色 – 白色 尺寸： Ø 0,12 cm 总重：2.29 oz 内箱：120 pcs (2 kg ) 外箱：240 pcs (4 kg ) 建议B2B处理方式：硅胶墨水丝网印 – 镭射 雕刻 零售价：120元
LD109-BURO 3件套装组合
环保竹子系列新品
设计师 LEXON 工作室
LA83-TITAN LED 时钟收音机
LA83-TITAN LED 时钟收音机：
AM/FM时钟收音机 LED时间和频率显示 自动调光 收音机可记录6个台 电子音量 伸缩天线 贪睡功能 MP3音箱 可插耳机 材料：铝合金 / 胶面ABS塑料 颜色：竹子/白色, 黑色/黑色，铝色/白色 – 灰色 - 天蓝色 – 绿色 - 紫红色 电源：交流适配器 (附带) + 2 × AAA电池 (附带) 尺寸：25 x 7,4 x 4 cm 总重：560 g 内箱： 6 pcs (4,4 kg ) 外箱： 12 pcs (9,3 kg ) 建议B2B处理方式：镭射雕刻 – 丝网印刷 零售价：890元
LA89- MAIZY 收音机
SIMONE SPALVIERI & VALENTINA DEL CIOTTO
MAIZY 计算器
LC71-MAIZY 口袋计算器：
太阳能便携式计算器 10位数显示 操作记忆 材料： PLA(玉米纤维） 颜色：白色 电源：太阳能电池 尺寸：11,3 x 6,5 x 0,9 cm 总重： 60 g 内箱：60 pcs (4,5 kg ) 外箱：120 pcs (9 kg ) 建议B2B处理方式：丝网印刷 零售价：170元
里维斯等三大品牌牛仔裤对比
三、品牌定位分析
被动的、悲观的、恐惧的、需要保障的 其实我相信消费者心理都明白，
竞它争历品 经牌一：个风L半EE世格、纪里年的维风龄斯雨：，从1美8-国4流0行到全世界，并成为全球各地男女老少都能接受的时装。 Calvin Klein时一尚直坚意守识完美：主热义，爱每一生件活Ca、lvin追Kle求in时时装尚都显、得非常完美。 创时办尚人 意H识：D追热Li最爱求初生个开活设、性一追、家求工时勇作尚于服、制挑造战厂，，主有要供活应追力日求常个、工性爱作、服勇给于予挑美战国，中有、活西力部、的爱农冒夫险和工人。 时尚意识：冒1、险对于时尚有一定的敏感度 目时标尚客 意户识：：价用对于于格挑时水战尚极有平富一：冒定险的7精敏99神感以的度热，上群容易培养品牌忠诚度 是实现目标产的过品程特和手征段：男性力量感、性感、自 店铺形象：我简洁个大性方、、整环齐、保最大限度利用空间展示服装、充分体现当下的简洁时尚风
李敏镐
二、品牌概述
李维斯（Levi's）是著名的牛仔裤 品牌，作为牛仔裤的“鼻祖”，象征 着美国野性、刚毅、叛逆与美国开拓 者的精神。它历经一个半世纪的风雨， 从美国流行到全世界，并成为全球各 地男女老少都能接受的时装。靛蓝牛 仔斜纹布、腰后侧的皮章、裤后袋上 的弧线、铆钉、独有的红旗标等都是 李维斯的特点。 李维斯作为时装和牛仔裤的领导品牌， 百年来不断追求创新，1960年，推出 水洗系列牛仔裤，1967年出现喇叭口 裤型、1986年开始生产预先穿洞的破 烂牛仔裤、将牛仔裤裤管翻过来的 “翻边”、2003年性感新潮剪裁独特、 款式至酷的TYPE1 TM系列。
竞争品牌：LEE、威格、CK
501
501裤型是Levi ’ s历史最悠久和最畅 销的牛仔裤产品，是收 藏者的首选。
抄底进行时热门ION平台产品推荐
ＮＶＩ ＡＩ Ｎ平台的ＭｉｉＣ。蓝 白双 ＤＩ Ｏ ｎＰ 色机 身大 量运 用斜 面 处理 ，整个 外 观设计 动感 十足 ，１ ０ ８ ｍｍ×１ ０ ８ ｍｍ ×３ｍｍ体 积的小巧机 身可轻松放入 ・参 考价格：３ ００元 ０ ０
女士手提包中 。单核Ｉｔ ｔｍ ３ ｎｅＡ ｏ Ｎ２０ ｌ
卡 、 固态硬 盘等 设 备 。臀
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为 时 尚 。 Ｉ ｔ １Ａｔ ｍ ３ ０ 理 器 ｎ ｅ Ｏ ３ 处
拉升了 Ｉ 平 台产品性价 比 ，在 “ ＯＮ 只买对 的 ，不选贵 的 ”消 费理念下 ，一场 围绕Ｉ 平台产 品的淘 宝行动 ＯＮ
就此展开 ！ ，… … … … … … … … … … … 一 ，
热 ｆ ３ １ ＯＮ平 台产 品推 荐
金子总 会发光
Ｉ ＯＮ平 台产 品 必然 出现 售价 和定 位 示 核 心 只有 八 个 流 处理 器 的 Ｉ ＯＮ２ 平
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越 来越 多 的关 注 。
CALPUFF Model Guidance
Generic Guidance and Optimum Model Settings for the CALPUFF Modeling System for Inclusion into the ‘Approved Methods for the Modeling and Assessments of Air Pollutants in NSW, Australia’March 2011Prepared For:NSW Office of Environment and Heritage, Sydney AustraliaPrepared By:Jennifer Barclay and Joe ScireAtmospheric Studies GroupTRC Environmental Corporation650 Suffolk Street, Wannalancit MillsLowell, MA 01854USADisclaimerThis report was prepared by the Atmospheric Studies Group from TRC Environmental Corporation in good faith exercising all due care and attention, but no representation or warranty, express or implied, is made as to the relevance, accuracy, completeness or fitness for purpose of this document in respect of any particular user’s circumstances. Users of this document should satisfy themselves concerning its application to, and where necessary seek expert advice in respect of, their situation. The views expressed within are not necessarily the views of the Office of Environment and Heritage (OEH) and may not represent OEH policy.© Copyright State of NSW and the Office of Environment and Heritage NSWContentsSCOPE OF WORK AND BACKGROUND (1)A.1Introduction (1)A.2Requirements of the NSW OEH (1)1.INTRODUCTION (3)2.GUIDANCE ON CALMET CONFIGURATIONS (4)2.1Overview (4)2.2General Guidance for CALMET (4)2.2.1CALMET Overview (4)2.3Methodologies for Running CALMET (5)2.3.1 No-Observations Approach (6)2.3.2 Hybrid Mode (7)2.3.3Observations Only (10)2.3.4Single Station Meteorology (11)2.3.5Screening Model runs (11)2.4Prognostic-Derived Surface (SURF.DAT) and Upper (UP.DAT) files (12)2.5Seven Critical CALMET Parameters When Using Observations (12)2.6Other Important Parameters – Overwater Surface Fluxes and Mixing Heights133RECOMMENDED MODEL OPTION SETTINGS FOR CERTAINCONDITIONS AND SCENARIOS (17)3.1Introduction (17)3.2Complex terrain (17)3.2.1Terrain Data (17)3.2.2Choosing Grid Resolution and Model Domain Size (18)3.2.3Choosing a value for TERRAD (18)3.2.4Complex Terrain Sub-Grid Scale Terrain Features (CTSG) (19)3.3Shoreline Fumigation (20)3.3.1Sub-grid Scale TIBL (20)3.4Inversion Break-up Fumigation (21)3.4.1.Description of how CALMET computes mixing height and its relevance toproperly modeling Inversion-breakup fumigation (22)3.5Buoyant line plumes (22)3.5.1Entering Line sources into CALPUFF (24)3.5.2Evaluation Studies (27)3.6Calm winds (30)3.6.1Sub hourly meteorological data and its usage in CALPUFF (31)3.6.2User Options for treating Calms (39)4.DISCUSSION ON THE APPROPRIATE PROCEDURES FOR EVALUATINGCALMET AND CALPUFF MODELLING RESULTS (41)4.1Model Output: Uncertainty (41)4.2Procedures for Evaluating Model Output (42)4.2.1Overview (42)4.3How to Evaluate CALMET (42)4.3.1Graphical Evaluation (43)4.3.2Statistical Evaluation (46)4.3.3Other Meteorological Evaluation Packages (47)4.3.3.1Key Variable Field Extraction Module (47)4.3.3.2Gridded Meteorological Extraction and Merging (47)4.3.3.3Back Trajectory (47)REFERENCES (48)APPENDIX A: (50)MODEL OPTION SWITCHES FOR CALMET AND CALPUFF (50)Page Figure 2-1.Figure showing examples of how to choose RMAX1, R1, RMAX2 and R2 values. One value of RMAX1, RMAX2, R1 and R2 apply to all surface and upper air stations. RMAX1 andRMAX2 is typically the maximum radius of influence of the surface and upper air station,respectively. The approximate length (km) of RMAX1 and RMAX2 is shown in the figure asblack solid lines. The blue circles represent approximate values (km) of R1 valuesrepresentative of all surface stations. In complex terrain the R1 value is usually smaller thanthe RMAX value. The pink circle represents the R2 value of the upper air station for level 2and aloft (13)Figure 3-1.Example showing how to estimate TERRAD. Usually, (ridge (km) to ridge (km) ) / 2, plus add 1 or 2 km. A typical value for TERRAD in this example would be 10km (19)Figure 3-2.Aerial photograph of a typical aluminum plant showing rows of potrooms (23)Figure 3-3.Shows a cross-section of two adjacent buildings with dimensions defined (Schulman and Scire, 1980). The GUI screen shot below from CALPRO shows the Line Source Inputsection (25)Figure 3-4.CALPRO GUI screenshot showing the CALPUFF user input control screen for entering line source data (25)Figure 3-5GUI screenshot from CALPRO showing the CALPUFF user input control screen for the average properties for line sources (26)Figure 3-6Figure shows the difference between point source plume rise and line source plume rise (Scire and Schulman, 1981). If you treat a line source as a set of too few point sources youcan seriously under or overpredict the plume rise (27)Figure 3-7Comparison of AERMOD and CALPUFF predictions of line source impacts from the Arkadelphia Arkansas SF6 tracer study compared to BLP predictions. This study shows theimpacts of the line sources alone (28)Figure 3-8. Predictions of 1-hour average SO2 concentrations at the downwind Alcoa Tennessee monitor for 1977 versus Observations and models, CALPUFF, BLP and AERMOD. The BLP resultsbased on Version 1.1 of the model as well as the current version of BLP on the U.S. EPA website (with modifications to the meteorological file to allow it to run) are shown. CALPUFFclosely matches BLP results while AERMOD significantly overpredicts the observedconcentration measurements (29)Figure 3-9CALPUFF peak, 1-hr average concentration map using 1 hour meteorological data and default calm threshold of 0.5 m/s. Computed turbulence parameters were used assuming thedefault minimum σv of 0.5 m/s (33)Figure 3-10CALPUFF peak, 1-hr average concentration map using 10-minute meteorological data and default calm threshold of 0.5 m/s. Real turbulence parameters were used with a minimum σvof 0.2 m/s, σw was left unchanged at the model’s default values (34)Figure 3-12CALPUFF computed σv using model defaults and one hour meteorology. (It is always preferable to use real measured values of real time turbulence wherever possible) (39)Figure 3-13.Real 10-minute measured σv. (CALPUFF can read this real time data directly) (39)Page Table 2-1.Table shows the difference in effort required by the user to run CALMET in three different modes, (1) the most simple a No-Obs mode, (2) a Hybrid approach which combinesobservations with prognostic model data, and (3) an Observations only approach – whichrequires the most decisions and effort by the user (8)Table 2-2.Model Option Switches for No-Obs Simulations (9)Table 2-3.Tabulated List of Various Methods for Including Meteorological Data into CALMET. The list is detailed in order of decreasing preference (15)Table 3-1.Annual Average SO2 Concentrations (µg/m3) at Alcoa, TN for 1976 and 1977. Observed and predicted concentrations using the BLP, CALPUFF and AERMOD models (29)Table A-1.An Explanation of the 7 Critical User-Defined, Site Specific Parameters When Using Observational Data in CALMET (51)Table A-2.Explanation and Recommendations for the List of Key CALMET Model Options (54)Table A-3.Explanation and Recommendations for the Overwater Surface Fluxes Switches (58)Table A-4.Explanation and Recommendations for the List of Key CALUFF Model Options (61)SCOPE OF WORK AND BACKGROUNDA.1 IntroductionTRC’s Atmospheric Studies Group has been approached by the Office of Environment and Heritage, (OEH), NSW to prepare Generic Guidance and Optimum Model Settings for the CALPUFF Modelling System for inclusion into the Approved Methods for the Modelling and Assessment of Air Pollutants in NSW.To ensure scientific rigueur and consistency in application, the OEH has requested that TRC’s Atmospheric Studies Group provide where possible recommended settings for CALMET and CALPUFF in the Approved Methods for the Modelling and Assessment of Air Pollutants in NSW. The OEH have in particular asked for generic guidance on determining the site specific model options and guidance for recommended settings for a range of conditions and model scenarios.A.2 Requirements of the NSW OEH1.Generic guidance for setting site specific model options in CALMET and CALPUFF. Theguidance is to be suitable for inclusion in the Approved Methods for the Modelling and Assessment of Air Pollutants in NSW. Where possible, provide examples to demonstrate the guidance.2.The recommended model option settings for CALMET and CALPUFF for modelling in thefollowing conditions and scenarios:plex terrain;b.Buoyant line plumes;c.Shoreline fumigation;d.Inversion break-up fumigation; ande.Low wind speed/calm conditions - if the recommended model settings include the use of10 minute average meteorological data, model option settings are also to berecommended for the use of 1 hour average meteorological data.The recommended model option settings are to be supported by the results of model evaluation studies. A discussion on the sensitivities to changes in model settings is to be provided.3.Optimal methodology to incorporate meteorological data in CALMET. In particular, therecommended methodology to incorporatea.Surface and upper air meteorological observations (diagnostic); andb.Surface and upper air meteorological numerical predictions (prognostic).In recommending the optimal methodology a number of different techniques for incorporating meteorological data should be evaluated. The recommended optimal methodologies are to be supported by the results of model evaluation studies.4.Discussion on the appropriate procedures for evaluating CALMET and CALPUFF modellingresults.1. INTRODUCTIONThe CALPUFF modeling system provides a non-steady state modeling approach which evaluates the effects of spatial changes in the meteorological and surface characteristics. It offers the ability to treat stagnation, multiple-hour pollutant build-up, recirculation and causality effects which are beyond the capabilities of steady-state models. The CALPUFF modeling system was adopted by the U.S. EPA as a Guideline Model for long range transport applications and, on a case-by-case basis, for near-field applications involving complex flows (Federal Register, April 15, 2003, Pages 18440-18482). CALPUFF is also recommended by both the Federal Land Managers Air Quality Workgroup (FLAG, 2000, 2008) and the Interagency Workgroup on Air Quality Modeling (IWAQM, 1998). It has been adopted for world-wide use by the United Nations International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). CALPUFF is widely used in many countries (over 100 countries) throughout the world. In several countries it has been incorporated as a regulatory model.CALMET is a diagnostic meteorological model that produces three-dimensional wind fields based on parameterized treatments of terrain effects such as slope flows and terrain blocking effects. Meteorological observations are used to determine the wind field in areas of the domain within which the observations are representative. Fine scale terrain effects are determined by the diagnostic wind module in CALMET. CALPUFF is a non-steady-state puff dispersion model. It accounts for spatial changes in the meteorological fields, variability in surface conditions such as (elevation, surface roughness, vegetation type, etc.), chemical transformation, wet removal due to rain and snow, dry deposition and terrain influences on plume interaction with the surface.This document is divided into several sections. The first section provides an introduction to the CALMET/CALPUFF modelling system. The second section provides guidance for specific model options in CALMET and CALPUFF and also discusses the optimal methodology to incorporate meteorological data into CALMET. The third and fourth sections provide recommended model settings for complex terrain, buoyant line sources, shoreline fumigation, inversion break-up fumigation and low wind speed and calms. While Section five looks at current best recommended model evaluation procedures for both CALMET and CALPUFF.Appendix A contains the model option tables.2.GUIDANCE ON CALMET CONFIGURATIONS2.1 OverviewThe aim of this section is to provide model guidance for setting site specific model options in CALMET and CALPUFF and also to provide the optimal preferred methodology for incorporating meteorological data into CALMET. For the sake of brevity, Appendix A, TablesA-1 to A-4 contain the detailed model option switches.It is important to note that it is impossible to specify a single set of options/user-defined factors for every circumstance as some factors depend entirely on the meteorological and geophysical characteristics of the model domain along with their associated site specific source characterization. The model option switches which are provided in Appendix A for both CALMET and CALPUFF provide the best recommended guidance.2.2 General Guidance for CALMETOverviewCALMET2.2.1The CALMET meteorological model consists of a diagnostic wind field module and micrometeorological modules for overwater and overland boundary layers (Scire et al., 2000a). When using large domains, the user has the option to adjust input winds to a Lambert Conformal Projection coordinate system to account for the Earth's curvature. The diagnostic wind field module uses a two-step approach to the computation of the wind fields (Douglas and Kessler, 1988). In the first step, an initial-guess wind field is adjusted for kinematic effects of terrain, slope flows, and terrain blocking effects to produce a Step 1 wind field. The second step consists of an objective analysis procedure to introduce observational data into the Step 1 wind field in order to produce a final wind field. An option is provided to allow gridded prognostic wind fields to be used by CALMET, which may better represent regional flows and certain aspects of sea breeze circulations and slope/valley circulations. The prognostic data as a 3D.DAT file can be introduced into CALMET in three different ways;-as a replacement for the initial guess wind field-as a replacement for the Step 1 field-as observations in the objective analysis procedureThe preferred choice is to use gridded prognostic meteorological data as the initial guess wind field. These options are discussed in detail below.2.3 Methodologies for Running CALMETThe CALPUFF modeling system can be run in several modes requiring different types of meteorological data. The following lists three modes available to run CALMET and a fourth mode using other meteorological processors.1.CALMET No-Observations (No-Obs) Mode. CALMET using gridded numerical modeloutput (e.g., from the MM5, WRF, RAMS, RUC, Eta or TAPM models). No surface, upper air or buoy observations are used in No-Obs mode.2.CALMET Hybrid Mode. CALMET run using a combination of gridded numericalmeteorological data supplemented by surface and optional overwater buoy data.3.CALMET Observations-Only (Obs) Mode. – CALMET using observed surface andupper air data, plus optional buoy data.4.Single meteorological station dataset. CALMET is not used but rather single stationmeteorological data is passed directly into CALPUFF from a steady-state plume processor. Examples of single station datasets are those used to drive the AERMOD, AUSPLUME, CTDMPLUS or ISCST3 models. CALPUFF can be driven with any of these meteorological datasets.If good quality gridded prognostic meteorological data are available, CALMET No-Obs mode is recommended as the preferred method for regulatory screening modeling. This recommendation is based on the following factors: (a) No-Obs mode allows the important benefits of the non-steady-state approach in CALPUFF to be included in the dispersion modeling (e.g., spatially varying meteorology and dispersion, causality, recirculation, stagnation, pollutant build-up, fumigation, etc.); (b) No-Obs mode makes use of three-dimensional, hourly prognostic meteorological data often available at high resolution to drive CALMET and CALPUFF; (c) No-Obs mode greatly simplifies the preparation of the CALMET inputs because a large number of input variables dealing with observational data are not required and the difficulties of dealingwith potentially incomplete observational datasets are eliminated; (d) No-Obs mode provides a relatively straightforward approach that facilitates agency review and approval of theCALMET/CALPUFF simulations. The level of effort to run CALMET in No-Obs mode is similar to that required to run the AERMOD terrain and meteorological processors (although the output files will be much larger with CALMET). Depending on the results of the initial No-Obs simulations, additional refinements can be made to the meteorological fields by adding meteorological observations to CALMET.Table 2-1 shows the differences in important CALMET model option switches between the “no-observations” (No-Obs) simulation, vs. the hybrid prognostic observation approach, vs. the observation-only approach. The variables in bold are site specific and care is needed in their choices. All these variables are detailed in Appendix A. Each of the approaches is discussed below.2.3.1 No-Observations ApproachWhen run this way, CALMET uses gridded wind fields generated by a numerical prognostic model such as MM5, WRF, RUC, RAMS, Eta and TAPM in the form of a three dimensional data file, known as a 3D.DAT file. The procedure permits the prognostic model to be run with a significantly larger horizontal grid spacing and different vertical grid resolution than that used in the diagnostic model. This option allows certain features of the flow field such as the sea breeze circulation with return flow aloft, which may not be captured in the surface observational data, to be introduced into the diagnostic wind field results.Existing 3D.DAT files are available (see below) or can be obtained by running one of the prognostic models. Existing 3D.DAT files can be used directly in CALMET. If new prognostic modeling is used, the CALMET-compatible 3D.DAT file is created by running independent modules, CALMM5, CALWRF, CALRUC, CALRAMS, CALETA or CALTAPM on the numerical model output in their individual model data format. The 3D.DAT file contains data of horizontal and vertical velocity components, pressure, temperature, relative humidity, vapor, cloud, rain, snow, ice and graupel mixing ratios. Depending on the base model used and also the configuration switch settings within that model, the output may also contain solar and long wave radiation, sea surface temperature, 2m air temperature, precipitation amount and other variables.There are many important significant advantages in running the model in No-Observations mode using gridded prognostic data. These are listed and described briefly below;Spatial Variability in the Horizontal and Vertical. The three-dimensional wind field reflects local terrain and mesoscale winds, temperature and stability variations and offer advantages in terms of representing horizontal and vertical spatial variability over point (observation) measurements.Simplicity of No-Obs Run. It is easy to load a 3D.DAT file into CALMET and execute. The only other input file required is the geophysical (terrain and land use) file and the control file with user switch settings. Three-dimensional MM5 (Fifth Generation NCAR/PENN State Mesoscale Model) data are currently available for all of New South Wales for three years (2006-2008) at 12-km horizontal resolution for 40 vertical levels at the official CALPUFF web site () or data can be generated with customized runs of any of the readily available prognostic models (MM5, WRF, TAPM, RAMS). Using existing data is generally much easier than running the prognostic models, which depending on the model may require significant effort.Fast and Efficient – By using an already prepared 3D.DAT file, no additional effort is required to prepare other observational data files or deal with missing data.No Additional Data Required – A big advantage of No-Obs mode is that no additional data files other than a geophysical data file is required. The 3D.DAT file contains three-dimensionalhourly profiles of wind speed, wind direction, temperature, humidity and pressure, and usually contains precipitation, solar and long wave radiation, sea surface temperature and cloud information (ceiling height and cloud amount are derived variables in CALMET in No-Obs mode). Issues related to the use of observational data such as collecting surface, upper air, precipitation and buoy station data, running the various processor programs and dealing with missing data are all eliminated in No-Obs mode making the CALMET runs straightforward.Most Decision Making by the User is Eliminated - By using existing 3D.DAT files in No-Obs mode, the number of decisions required of the user when preparing the CALMET control file is substantially reduced. The value of TERRAD and a few other fairly straightforward variables need to be specified by the user. No-Obs mode eliminates the need for decisions on 6 of the 7‘critical variables’ because observational data are not used. See Section 3.2.3 for a description on how to compute TERRAD.No Overwater Data Required – For model domains over coastal regions, meteorological data over the water is very important when considering plume transport across the sea/land interface. Sea surface temperature and air-sea temperature differences over the water will usually be embedded in the 3D.DAT file (depending on the prognostic model).When good quality prognostic fields are available, the No-Obs simulation should be a reasonable predictor of the results of a refined simulation (e.g., hybrid mode or obs-only mode) where good quality observational data are added to the prognostic data. The quality of the prognostic simulation can be assessed by quantitative and qualitative tools provided as part of the CALPUFF software system.2.3.2 Hybrid ModeRunning CALMET in Hybrid mode can be considered an ‘advanced model simulation’, or,‘refined model run’ since it combines the numerical prognostic model data in a 3D.DAT file along with surface and overwater observational data. More work is required by the user as preparation is required in the collection and formatting of the surface observational data, upper air data and optional overwater stations and precipitation stations. Plus careful consideration needs to be given with respect to the Seven Critical CALMET parameters discussed in 2.4, below.Table 2-1. Table shows the difference in effort required by the user to run CALMET in three different modes, (1) the most simple a No-Obs mode, (2) a Hybridapproach which combines observations with prognostic model data, and (3) anObservations only approach – which requires the most decisions and effort by theuser.Description No-ObservationsMode(No-Obs)Hybrid Mode -Prognostic ModelData +ObservationsObservations OnlyModeData Preparation Low Medium HighEase of Use Most Simple Requires more effort Requires significantlymore effortCALMET Variables (variables that are in bold require site specific decision making )NM3DNOOBSICLOUDIPROGTERRADNOOBSNOWSTA (opt)NSSTANPSTA (opt)NM3DICLOUDIEXTRPIPROGRMAX1RMAX2RMAX3TERRADR1R2NOOBSNUSTANOWSTA (opt)NSSTANPSTA (opt)ICLOUDIEXTRPBIASIPROGRMAX1RMAX2RMAX3TERRADR1R2Input Files CALMET.INP CALMET.INP CALMET.INP GEO.DATGEO.DATGEO.DAT 3D.DAT 3D.DATUP.DATSURF.DATSURF.DATPRECIP.DAT (optional) PRECIP.DAT (optional)SEA.DAT (optional) SEA.DAT (optional)There are two ways to introduce 3-D prognostic wind data into CALMET when using prognostic data combined with observations. The first and preferred option is prognostic data as the initial guess field. In this approach the coarse grid scale prognostic data are interpolated to the CALMET fine-scale grid. The diagnostic module in CALMET will then adjust the initial guess field for kinematic effects for terrain, slope flows and terrain blocking effects using fine-scale CALMET terrain data to produce a Step 1 wind field. Observations are then introduced into the Step 2 wind field. The second approach is to use prognostic wind data directly as the Step 1 wind field. This field is then adjusted using observational data, but additional terrain adjustments at the scale of the CALMET grid resolution are not made. The second approach is not normally recommended.All the advantages are the same as for the No-Obs run detailed above, but with additional complications such as preparing the observational data, optimizing model input to blend the observations properly with the prognostic data, replacing missing data and making careful site specific choices with respect to several parameters in the CALMET control file. Relevant useful references are; Wu et al (1998), Scire and Robe (1977) and Robe and Scire (1998).Only2.3.3 ObservationsThis approach ‘Observations only’ relies on standard hourly surface and twice-daily upper air data and optional hourly precipitation and overwater data to provide the necessary requirements for the computations of the micrometeorological modules for overwater and overland boundary layers.Computation of the wind field in Obs-only mode is a two-step approach in CALMET which uses the observations twice, once to create the initial guess wind field which is then adjusted for kinematic effects of terrain, slope flows and terrain blocking effects to produce the Step 1 wind field. The second step consists of an objective analysis procedure to introduce observational data, ‘more formally’ into the Step 1 wind field to produce a final wind field.As a minimum CALMET must be provided surface hourly data from one or many stations as well as radiosonde upper air data at intervals no more than 14 hours apart. Overwater stations and precipitation data are optional. This modeling approach is advantageous in regions where there is good representative surface and upper air data near to the facility and the expected area of impact is nearby, i.e., within a few to several kilometres. However, some complicated choices need to be made, especially with respect to the radiosonde station which may suffer from missing data both in-between levels and missing profiles altogether. Further, unless the upper air station is near to the facility (within 10 – 50km depending on topography) it is not likely to be representative. As a result the user is left with several critical choices to make which can significantly affect the final outcome of the model runs.2.3.4 Single Station MeteorologyIt is recommended to run CALPUFF with a full 3-Dimensional wind field and temperature field, as well as two-dimensional fields of mixing heights and other meteorological variables. However, in some near-field applications, when spatial variability of the meteorological fields may not be significant (e.g., uniform terrain and land use); the single station data file may be used. CALPUFF supports the following single station file formats; AUSPLUME, ISCST3, CTDMPLUS and AERMOD. CALPUFF assigns the single value of each variable read from the single station file to all grid points, resulting in a spatially uniform field.Even when using single station meteorological data, some (but not all) benefits of the non-steady-state approach over steady-state models can be realized. For example, the time required for plume material to reach a receptor (the causality effect) is accounted for in the puff transport, and curved trajectories and variable dispersion and stability conditions over multiple hours of transport. . Secondly, the CALPUFF model has ‘memory’, in that each hour’s emissions is retained and may impact concentrations during a subsequent hour. As a result, pollutant build-up during light wind speed and calm conditions can be accounted for in the non-steady-state approach. Also, plume fumigation associated with inversion break-up can be simulated as a result of pollutant memory effect. What is lost when using single station meteorological data is the spatially variability of winds, stability and turbulence fields as may occur due to changes in land use type (especially land vs. water), terrain channeled flow, and mesoscale features such as a land-sea breeze circulation.This option is only recommended for those near field applications where spatial variability in the winds and dispersion characteristics are not considered significant. Some of the advanced terrain options of CALPUFF cannot be used with this approach. Other options may require additional meteorological parameters be added to the standard single station files as ‘extended data records’. For instance precipitation is needed for wet deposition modeling, and, solar radiation and relative humidity data are needed to use the chemical transformation calculations of SO2 and NO x in CALPUFF.runsModel2.3.5 ScreeningIn summary, the No-Obs approach using ready prepared three dimensional data files is recommended for screening runs due to the benefits of using 3-D meteorological fields, ability to perform dispersion calculations within a non-steady-state framework, and ease of use considerations. The results of a No-Obs mode simulation of CALMET/ CALPUFF when used with good quality prognostic data is expected to give a good estimate of a refined run.。
2012 Cannondale RZ One Twenty Lexi 商品说明书
OWNER’SMANUALSUPPLEMENTWARNING2012 RZ ONE TWENTY, LEXI READ THIS SUPPLEMENT AND YOURCANNONDALE BICYCLE OWNER’S MANUAL.This manual meets EN standards 14764, 14766, and 14781.Vélo certifié conforme aux exigences du décret N 95-937 du 24 août 1995 norme NFR030In this supplement, particularly important information is presented in the following ways:TIPA TIP provides helpful information.126694.PDFS A FETY I N FO R M A TIO NIMPO R T AN T COMPOSITES MESS AGEBICYCLE R EP A I R / W O R K ST AN DSThe clamping jaws of a bike stand can generate a crushing forcestrong enough to seriously damage your frame.I N SPECTIO N & C RA SH D A M AG E OF C AR BO N F RA MES/FO RKSI N TE NDED USEM A XIMUM FO R K LE NG THMaxim um Fork Length is an im portant fram e safety testing specification. You m ust observe the m easurem ent when installing headset parts, headset adapters, installing and adjusting a fork, and selecting replacem ent forks. In this m anual, the num ber is also listed in the G EOMET R Y/SPECIFIC A TIO N S .HOW TO MEASURE: 1. Install headset and fork. 2. Extend fork and measure the distance from the bottom of the head tube to the center of the wheel axle. Do not measure from the bottom of headset bearing cups or head tube adapters. The measurement MUST be taken from the bottom of the headtube!!TI RE SIZE126694.PDFMI N IMUM SE A T POST I N SE R T DEPTHThe seat post of X-Large size RZ One Twenty frames must be inserted a minimum of 110 mm .110 mmWARN I NGM A KE SU R E A T L E A ST 110 mm OF THE SE A T POST IS I N SE R TED I N TO THE F RA ME A T A LL TIMES. Failure to insert the seat post correctly can place a very high stress on the seat tube top tube junction causing the frame to break while riding.Measure 110 m m from the bottom of the seat post. Use The X-Large size code “XL” can be found etched into the bottombracket shell in the area shown below.BOTTOM B RA CKETThe bottom bracket shell is compatible with the BB30 Standard. See / . The SI bottom bracket adapter enables the use of standard English/68mm bottom bracket cranksets. See page 6.BE AR I NG M A I N TE NAN CEInspect bearing condition annually (at a minimum) and anytime the crankset assembly is disassembled or serviced.With the crankset removed, rotate the inner bearing race of both bearings; rotation should be smooth quietly. No bearing play or movement inside the shell. If the bearing is damaged, replace both bearings with new ones.126694.PDFBE AR I NG I N ST A LL A TIO N1. Clean the inside and outside surfaces of the bottombracket shell.2. Apply a high-quality bicycle bearing grease to the insidesurface of the shell.3. Install the square end of the circlip into the groove first,then moving clockwise, push the clip into the groove until it is fully seated in the groove. Install the other circlip the same way.4. With a headset press, and Cannondale tool KT010/ installthe bearings into the shell as shown. Press the bearing until it is seated against the circlip.5. To finish, apply a light coating of a high-quality bicyclebearing grease to both sides of each bearing to help repel moisture.BE AR I NG R EMOV A L1. To remove the bearings, position Cannondale tool KT011/behind the bearing so that the tool ridges are seated on the bearing. See next page.2. Insert a driver (punch or drift) from the opposite side.Locate it on the back of the tool and use light tapping todrive the bearing from the shell.TIP: Unless a circlip is damaged, removal is unnecessary during bearing removal . Use a small thin-blade sc rew driver or pick to lift the hooked end up out of the groove and then pushing the circlip out counter-clockwise.68mm A D A PTE R I N ST A LL A TIO NThe following procedure should only be completed by a professional bike mechanic. The adapter IS NOT a repair part and will only work in undamaged frames in good condition.1. Remove the BB30 bearings and circlips from the bottom bracket shell.2. Thoroughly clean and dry the inside of the bottom bracket shell. Remove any grease or dirt. Use a clean lint-free shop toweldampened with alcohol to finish.3. Apply Loctite™ 609 carefully to the bearing seat positions on both side of the inside shell.4. Clean the outer surface of the adapter. Use a clean shop towel dampened with alcohol.5. The groove side of the adapter must be located on the drive side. W ith a headset press, press the ADAPTER until the groove sideface is flush with the drive side face of the SI BB shell.A llow at least 12 hours (at 72°F) for the Loctite to cure before installing the standard bottom bracket crankset.Follow Loctite Technical Data Sheet /tds5/docs/609-EN.PDF126694.PDF68mm A D A PTE R R EMOV A LThe following procedure should only be completed by a professional bike mechanic. The adapter is removable, how-ever, repeated removal and reinstallation could result in damage to the SI BB shell and is not recommended.1. Removal of the SI BB ADAPTER is accomplished through the use of the extraction tool KF366/ , a two-piece tool set used witha headset bearing press. The arrangement of the tool parts for removal is shown next figure.2. Press the adapter out of the shell using the headset press.Following removal, it will be necessary to clean all remaining Loctite residue using Loctite 768. Use a dental pick to remove any adhesive from the grooves. Do not cut, face, or use abrasives to clean the inside if the BB shell. For Loctite clean-up instructions : /Please note that the specifications and information in this manual are subject to change for product improvement.For the latest product information, go to /tech_center/G EOMET R Y /SPECIFIC A TIO NKEG EOMET R YR Z O N E T W E N TYLEXI SM A LLMEDIUML ARG EX-L ARG EPETITESM A LLMEDIUMA Seat Tube Length (cm/in)43.2/17.045.7/18.048.3/19.050.9/20.040.6/16.043.2/17.045.7/18.0B Top Tube Horizontal (cm/in)56.0/22.058.7/23.161.3/24.164.1/25.253.0/20.956.0/22.057.5/22.6C Top Tube Actual (cm/in)53.5/21.156.2/22.159.1/23.361.9/24.450.8/20.053.5/21.155.0/21.7D Head Tube Angle 69.0°***68.5°69.0°69.0°E Seat Tube Angle Effective 73.5°***73.5°**F Standover (cm/in)73.1/28.876.0/29.976.1/30.076.0/29.972.9/28.773.1/28.875.9/29.9G Head Tube Length - (cm/in)13.4/5.3**16.0/6.313.4/5.313.4/5.313.4/5.3H Wheelbase (cm/in)107.6/42.4110.3/43.4113.0/44.5116.0/45.7105.2/41.4107.6/42.4109.1/43.0I Front Center (cm/in)65.2/25.767.8/26.770.5/27.873.5/28.962.8/24.765.2/25.766.6/26.2J Chain Stay Length (cm/in)42.5/16.7***42.5/16.7**K Bottom Bracket Drop (cm/in)0.0/0.0***0.0/0.0**L Bottom Bracket Height (cm/in)33.0/13.0***33.0/13.0**M Fork Rake (cm/in) 4.5/1.8*** 4.5/1.8**NTrail (cm/in)7.8/3.1***8.2/3.27.8/3.17.8/3.1126694.PDFSPECIFIC A TIO NRear Travel (cm/in)12.0/4.7Intended Use Condition 4, All-MountainMaximum Weight Limit (Lbs/Kg)RIDER - 300/136 LUGGAGE - 5/2.3 (Seat bag only) TOTAL- 305/138 Maximum Tire Width26 X 2.35 inMaximum Fork Length520 mmMinimum Seat Post Insert Size XL110 mmFrame Material AlloySeat Post Diameter31.6 mmFront Derailleur34.9 mmHeadtube Integrated Headshok, 1.5 in, 1.125 inChainline50 mmBB Shell Width68 mmDropout Spacing135 mmRear Brake International StandardR E AR SHOCKEye-to-Eye184 mm, (7.2 in)Stroke44.5 mm, (1.8 in)Recommended Sag25% 11.1 mm (0.44 in)Shock Bushing Width22.2 ± 0.05 mm (link side), 22.2 ± 0.05 mm (frame side)Shock Bolt Hole Dia.8.1 ± 0.05 mmShock Bolt Length30 mm (link side), 30 mm (frame side)TI G HTE N I NG TO R QUESCorrect tightening torque for the fasteners (bolts, screws, nuts) on your bicycle is very important to your safety. Correct tightening torque for the fasteners is also important for the durability and performance of your bicycle. We urge you to have your Dealer correctly torque all fasteners using a torque wrench.If you decide to tighten fasteners yourself always use a good torque wrench!* Clean and apply light grease to frame hole and pivot before installation.BEARING SHIELDSM A I N TE NAN CEBearings are a sealed cartridge type and do not require periodic lubrication. Unlike interference fit bearings that are pressed in place, these slip fit bearings are fixed in place with the anaerobic adhesive , Loctite™ 638. Please follow the instructions carefully, as the strength of the resulting bond between parts can be affected by surface preparation and time to cure.I N SPECTIO NThe condition of the bearings should be inspected every 25hrs or if the seat stay develops side-to-side play. Bearing condition can be inspected without removing the bearings from the part. To do it, disconnect the seat stay at the swingarm and shock link by removing the pivot axles and spacers. With the bearing exposed, rotate the inner race of each bearing with your fingertip. The inner race should rotate smoothly and without any play. The bearing itself should be fully and firmly seated in the depth of the bearing bore . Loose but undamaged bearings m ay be reinstalled using the technique as described next page. Dam aged bearings should be rem oved and replaced with new ones.R EMOV A LThe bearings are a slip fit within the bearing bore of both the seat stay and the shock link. They are not a press fit. The bearings are installed with Loctite 638 which bonds the bearing to the part. If the bearing is difficult to remove, you may need to warm the bearing carefully to loosen the Loctite bond. Locate a dowel on the face of the bearing and drive it out. After the bearing is removed, remove the Loctite residue with a small wire brush.For Loctite instructions : /tds5/docs/638-EN.PDF126694.PDF I N ST A LL A TIO NThe following procedure should only be completed by aprofessional bike mechanic.For Loctite instructions : /tds5/docs/638-EN.PDF1. Remove old Loctite from the bearing bore and wipe thebearing bore clean with alcohol.2. Use a swab to apply a generous film of Loctite™ 638 to theentire surface of the bearing bore.3. Clean the outer bearing race of the bearing with a cleanshop towel dampened with alcohol.4. Use the swab to apply a generous film of Loctite™ 638 tothe surface of the outer bearing race.5. Insert the bearing into the bore and press it in firmly untilit bottoms against the ridge at the bottom of the bore.6. Wipe off excess Loctite™.IMPO R T AN T: The bearing must be seated against this ridgeuntil the Loctite cures. Allow the Loctite to cure completelybefore attempting to continue assembly.Allow at least 6 hours for Loctite to cure.Allow at least 24 hours before riding.SET-UP1. Set the air pressure according to for you body weight.Follow the shock anufacturer’s instruction forpressurizing the shock.2. Slide the O-ring against the shock wiper seal.3. Sit on the bike in a normal riding position with your handson the handlebar and feet on the pedals so that yourweight compresses the rear shock.4. Measure the SAG. Adjust the air pressure in the shock toachieve the correct SAG measurement.Add air to decrease sag. Release air to increase sag.RECOMMENDED SAG 25%11.1 mm, 0.44 in126694.PDF O R IE N T A TIO NA LL PETITE AN D SM A LL F RA MES SIZES - MOUNT THESHOCK WITH THE ADJUSTMENT FEATURES OF THE SHOCKFACING REARWARD AND UP (TOP RIGHT).A ll Medium, Large, and X-Large frame sizes - mount theshock with the adjustment features facing forward and down(bottom right).R EPL A CEME N T P AR TSThe following replacement part kits are available through a Cannondale Dealer:123455986768 mm1012 mm 1211F RA ME126694.PDFS W I NGAR M / SE A T ST A Y / SHOCK LI N KM A I N TE NAN CEThe following table lists only supplem ental m aintenance item s. Please consult your Cannondale Bicycle Owner’s Manual for more information on basic bike maintenance. Consult with your Cannondale Dealer to create a complete maintenance program for your riding style, components, and conditions of use. Follow the maintenance recommendations given by the component manufacturers for the various non-Cannondale parts of your bike.CANNONDALE USA******************************* CANNONDALE AUSTRALIA ****************************.au CANNONDALE EUROPEmail: Postbus 5100visits: Hanzepoort 27****************************************CANNONDALE JAPAN(Fax): 06-6110-9361*************************CANNONDALE UKCycling Sports Group***************************.uk。
MASTERColour-CDM光源
5
MASTERColour CDM Warm
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SDW-T/TG 100W SDW gear CDM Warm 20, 35, 50, 70W CDM EL gear
comparison
SDW T/TG 100W 5.000/4.900 50 2.500K 82 10.000 (*) N.A. T: PG12-1 TG: GX12-1 SDW
(*) white light life
CDM Elite T/TC 70W 7.800 108 3.000K 90 15.000 80% T: G12 TC: G8.5 70W CDM
CDM Warm - 2012
5.100 / 4.900 49 65% 3.300 / 3.200 2.500K 82 10.000(*) n.a. T: PG12-1 TG: GX12-1 open SDW Bread, furniture
distributed light source: results in less efficient reflector design
4
MASTERColour CDM Warm
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• CDM Warm systems fit in CDM (Elite) luminaires • CDM Warm provides more lumens than SDW, while saving energy! • Unrivalled sparkling warm light lumen packages
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M N R 52001013/10.04.2012-01 P r i n t e d i n G e r m a n y © P H O E N I X C O N T A C T 2012HIGHLIGHTS 2012创新成就卓越！菲尼克斯（中国）投资有限公司地址：南京市江宁开发区菲尼克斯路36号 南京江宁236信箱电话：(025)52121888传真：(025)52121555/800 8289722邮编：211100e-mail: phoenix@Highlights 2012 ─ 面向未来的解决方案可再生能源、交通基础设施、智能电网或电动汽车——我们眼见四周的发展变化，将成为你我共同进步的一个契机。
这就是我们努力寻找创新与激励之道的原因所在。
我们的Highlights 2012，例如：智能科技，操作方便，可轻松适用于您的应用程序。
请仔细阅读，以获取更多关于我们的产品以及未来解决方案的信息。
祝阅读愉快！太阳能光伏发电电动汽车交通基础设施能源效率智能电网水处理风能未来newnewnewAutoSync 技术Designed by PHOENIX CONTACTnewDesigned by PHOENIX CONTACT高可用性 ─PROFINET 冗余控制器使用来自菲尼克斯电气的冗余控制系统可提升您的系统可用性。
有了它，您可以减少停机时间，降低工作成本，还能避开如在隧道或机场里的潜在隐患。
冗余控制指的是当主PLC 发生故障时，备用PLC 立刻无缝接管对系统的控制，确保系统的不中断运行。
新型RFC 460R 控制器以PROFINET 为基础，借助AutoSync 技术，自动建立冗余控制系统。
它的独特之处在于，当更换故障PLC 时，操作不会被中断。
信息一目了然高分辨率显示屏以文本形式显示状态信息和错误状态。
AutoSync 技术AutoSync 技术可自动配置两个控制器的冗余功能。
你只需和平常一样对一个控制器编程，第二个控制器会自动启动。
简单地将两个RFC 460R 控制器用同步光纤连接起来，冗余系统便组建完成。
连续可视化冗余OPC 服务器可迅速检测PLC 切换，并连续不断地从主控PLC 获得并提供数据。
PROFINET 冗余新型RFC 460R 控制器是以PROFINET 为基础，因此可为您的面向未来的以太网提供高可用性。
个性化适用采用即插即用的SFP 模块，你可以灵活地设计两个控制器之间的距离。
长达80千米newnewnew32 A200 Anewnew1500 V63 A独一无二的电动汽车充电及光伏连接系统菲尼克斯电气为光伏及电动汽车的充电和连接系统设定了新的标准。
因此适合于现代电动汽车与电源的不同外形。
直流穿墙连接器S U N C L I X 直流穿墙连接器可迅速装配于设备端，可与所有SUNCLIX 系列连接器进行对接。
免工具快速安装直流连接器：最大特点：依靠SUNCLIX 弹簧技术，可免工具快速与最大达16m 2的光伏电缆进行连接。
插入已剥线的电缆，压下弹簧即可完成！光伏组件接线盒创新设计的SUNCLIX 接线盒适用于晶硅和薄膜组件自动化安装产线。
交流充电系统2型充电系统的设计符合人体工程学，最大可支持63A 的充电应用，并且符合欧洲标准。
交流/直流充电系统独特的设计可以支持最大200A 的直流充电。
车辆充电插座还能与交流 2型充电接口兼容。
newnew实时掌控 ─智能型电涌保护器采用PLUGTRAB PT -IQ 智能型电涌防护器保护您的信号接口。
该款产品带有微处理器监控系统，可在电涌保护器失效前，将保护器的状态实时显示。
也就是说，您可以实时了解电涌保护器的状态——无论是在现场上还是通过远程遥信信号。
您可以据此制定系统维护方案，提高系统的实用性。
控制器可为最多28片电涌保护器• 提供电源可显示保护器状态，同时• 能够给出遥信信号无论身处何地，指尖一触即可掌握电涌保护器状态发生任何变化您都可以立即得到通知，如果您愿意的话，还可直接通过手机进行掌控。
DIN 导轨总线减少繁琐地接线• 传输电涌保护器状态• 指示信号电涌保护器通过集成微处理器进行状态监控• 每一模块均带有可视状态指。
• 通过T -BUS 进行信号传输• 自锁式防护插头运行过程中也可轻松更换插头，将卡脚插入或拔出即可实现。
正常老化，建议更换损坏，需要替换诊断状态：newnewnewDesigned by PHOENIX CONTACT交叉跳线、电源分配、测量测试 ─适用于电力系统的接线端子适用于电力系统的全新组合式跳线端子采用直插式连接技术，与通用组合接线端子具有同样的外形设计。
这意味着你可以利用它设计出模块化的、结构更加紧凑的电气柜。
得益于直插式连接技术，接线时可较常规接线方式省力一半。
单节点最大通流能力41A电流回路的自动保护专利设计的短路插头可保证电流互感器在进行回路测试时免受电路开路危害。
交叉跳线四层设计的接线端子，每层都可使用通用的插拔式桥接件，在狭小的空间内，可以轻松实现复杂的交叉跳线功能。
电源分配采用插拔式组合接线端子，可以使开关柜内的电源和信号分配简单易行。
编组插头用于现场信号连接的可插拔式接线方案。
Push-In 直插式连接技术使用直插式连接技术的接线端子接线快速、方便。
对于0.34mm 2的细导线，在没有工具的情况下也可进行安全可靠的接线。
拆线时，只需一把螺丝刀甚至一支圆珠笔顶住橙色操作按钮，便可拆下导线。
测量与测试使用可分断测试端子可保证电流回路测试过程安全可靠。
newnewnewnew new 从工业现场到电气柜内 ─可插拔的穿柜安装系统来自菲尼克斯电气，电气控制柜和现场之间的连接解决方案。
H E A V Y C O N ADVANCE 系列提供全面的面板式安装底座外壳。
免工具安装。
导轨式安装的重载连接器有了新型的HEAVYCON 压铸铝装配架，你可以直接在导轨上安装电缆。
兼容PE 接头，能够提供更多的安全性。
塑料外壳重载连接器HEAVYCON ADVANCE 系列塑料外壳产品能提供更加经济的方案：IP68防护• 无需面板安装底座• 兼容PE 连接• 集成电缆接头• 1. 准备好单个的密封套2. 将框架的两部分连接起来3. 闭合锁扣，操作完成！灵活的电缆引入系统CES 电缆引入系统为各种直径的电缆提供节约空间的线缆引入解决方案：金属强化框架• 螺钉锁紧装置• 线缆密封套预可应用预装配电缆• IP65防护•new41 A12 A14 Anewnew600 V大功率，小尺寸 ─电源连接装置在电力需求增加的同时，电气装置变得越来越小巧。
这些趋势要求对电源连接进行革新。
菲尼克斯电气能够为驱动型装置提供更多的小型化连接器固定式免工具型印刷线路板连接器PL 系列弹簧连接器产品，不需要任何工具，就可以实现完美的连接。
SPEEDCON 连接方式只需转半圈即可锁紧的菲尼克斯电气的圆形插件连接器，快速、安全。
AC/S-编码型DC/ST -编码型M17圆形连接器与同类产品相比尺寸能缩小15%，目前我们能提供4到17芯的金属连接器。
电压为630V ，电流为14A 。
M12智能电源插件连接器第一次使用小巧的M12插件连接器时，您可以为您的装置提供最大为12A 和630V 的电源。
这种新的AC 和DC 应用监控可避免错误的连接。
1. 插入连接器2. 将杠杆向后推，操作完免工具连接器免工具的导线连接newnew newnewnewnewnew安全锁扣，快速传输─信号及数据连接装置菲尼克斯电气连接器可以提供高达10Gbps的高速传输速度以及安全可靠的锁扣方式。
带锁扣&助拔功能的连接器使用此种连接器可以完成快速安全接线。
2到20-针位。
MSTB连接器一插入即可自动锁住。
Push-in式弹簧连接器PTS系列连接器可以非常轻松实现安全、可靠的连接，目前我们可以提供2-12针位的产品。
M12型以太网连接器M12焊PCB板式连接器带屏蔽电缆的M12连接器为何在工业环境中使用10 Gbps?传输速度和数据量一直在不断增长。
最大可达10千兆位的数据传输速度越来越多地被用于办公领域。
使用适合工业环境的特殊CAT6A组件也能达到此种速度。
如今您可在整个公司网络中能够得到快速而顺畅的数据交换。
10 GbpsM12装置插件连接器在菲尼克斯电气您可以为您的装置及控制柜找到集成10千兆位接口的理想解决方案。
10 Gbps M12连接器来自菲尼克斯电气的刺穿式M12连接器，可以实现现场的快速、可靠的连接。
Pin strip with snap-lock fittingnewnew new食品工业的可靠电气连接解决方案─M12传感器/执行器布线系统控制柜和字段级─凹凸式电子外壳这种新型传感器/执行器布线系统是针对食品工业特殊要求的解决方案。
光滑的外形设计有助于确保简单而有效的清洗。
所使用的材料也符合食品及药物管理局的要求。
有了菲尼克斯电气的新型铝质外壳，能够有效保护您的电子设备免受热流及电磁干扰。
控制柜铝质外壳有了标准的设计，您可以根据需求定制设计自己的导轨式电源外壳。
M12连接器采用特殊设计插头和电缆表面光滑，清洗起来简单方便。
浅色外表使得污点很容易就会被发现。
不锈钢传感器/执行器分线盒M12传感器/执行器分线盒防护等级可达IP69K。
所有的金属部件都是由1.4404不锈钢制成。
工业现场级的铝质外壳菲尼克斯电气提供磨砂式IP65外壳：有各种不同的外形尺寸并可根据要求配备薄膜按键，以及连接技术，例如掌上设备的连接技术。
newnew new便捷的打印之道─标识系统菲尼克斯电气高性能的标识系统，可为客户提供端子标识，线缆标识以及设备标识。
BLUEMARK CLED是新一代UV技术高速打印机。
它能够提供打印板式塑料标识。
THERMOMARK ROLL X1打印机可以打印卷式标签和收缩套管等。
设备标识菲尼克斯电气可为电气柜及开关设备及其组件量身定制各类设备标识。
BLUEMARK CLED用于批量打印卷的热转印打印机THERMOMARK ROLL X1按XL格式用于卷式材料：是批量生产的理想选择。
操作简易可进行数据和指令直接输入的彩色触摸屏。
装卸简便大型可替换进料仓，最多可同时装入40张材料。
为什么要使用UV技术？BLUEMARK CLED采用了液态塑料油墨在UV光照射下瞬间固化原理。
这种技术的优点众所周知：打印速度快，10,000个标识/小时•耐摩擦•抗腐蚀•CLED技术的经济节约优点：即刻使用，启动时间短•节能，最多可减少当前消耗量的•90%环保，低噪音•一套软件适配所有打印机CLIP PROJECT让您松简单地完成标识打印。
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