新概念英语第二册：Apoliterequest

If you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman will soon find it. You will be very lucky if he lets you go without a ticket. However, this does not always happen. Traffic police are sometimes very polite. During a holiday in Sweden,I found this note on my car:' Sir, we welcome you to our city. This is a "No Parking1" area. You will enjoy your stay here if you pay attention to our street signs. This note is only a reminder2.' If you receive a request4 like this, you can-not fail to obey it!
New words and expressions6 ⽣词和短语
park v. 停放（汽车）
traffic n. 交通
ticket) n. 交通违规罚款单
note n. 便条
area n. 地段
sign n. 指⽰牌
reminder n. 提⽰
fail v. ⽆视，忘记
obey v. 服从
参考译⽂
⼀旦你把汽车停错了地⽅，交通警察很快就会发现。

如果他没给你罚单就放你⾛了，算你⾛运。

然⽽，情况并不都是这样，交通警察有时也很客⽓。

有⼀次在瑞典度假，我发现我的车上有这样⼀个字条：“先⽣，欢迎您光临我们的城市。

此处是‘禁⽌停车’区。

如果您对我们街上的标牌稍加注意，您在此会过得很愉快的。

谨此提请注意。

”如果你收到这样的恳求，你是不会不遵照执⾏的！
新概念英语正版图书购买
⾃学导读
1．She must be at least thirty-five years old. 她⾄少也有35岁了。

（1）at least 是⼀固定短语，表⽰“⾄少”：
He borrowed at least five books from the library.
他从图书馆⾄少借了5本书。

If you can't clean the car, you can at least help me to clean it.
如果你不能擦车，你⾄少可以帮我擦。

（2）我们已学过两种年龄表⽰法。

⼀种是“数字+years old”，作表语：
My father is fifty-seven, years old now.
我⽗亲现在已57岁了。

另⼀种是“数字+ -year-old”，作定语：
Last week, my four-year-old daughter, Sally, was in
vited to a children's party.
上周，我4岁的⼥⼉萨莉应邀去参加⼀个⼉童晚会。

2．In spite7 of this…
尽管如此……
（1）in spite of为固定短语，意为“不管”、“尽管”，后⾯可以跟名词、代词或从句：
In spite of the rain, they went on their journey8.
尽管下⾬，他们还是继续旅⾏。

In spite of what you have said about her, she is much better than Mary.
不管你说她什么，她⽐玛丽要好得多。

（2）this 代指上句话，即“她⾄少也有35岁”这个事实。

3．This time, she will be a girl of seventeen. 这⼀次，她将扮演⼀个17岁的少⼥。

be在这⾥是“扮演”的意思：
Tonight, Karen Marsh9 is Helen.
今晚卡伦·马什扮演海伦。

4．In the play, she must appear in a bright red dress and long black stockings10. 演出时她必须穿⼀条鲜红⾊的裙⼦和⿊⾊的长筒袜。

（1）in在这句话中表⽰“穿着”、“戴着”：
The girl in red over there is my neighbour11.
那边那个穿红⾐服的⼥孩是我的邻居。

John was in a black dress this morning.
约翰今天上午穿的是件⿊⾐服。

（2）dress ⼀般指连⾐裙、套裙，也可以指外穿的⾐服或特定场合穿的礼服：
Everyone is in evening dress tonight.
今晚⼤家都穿了晚礼服。

5．Darling12, it must be terrible to be grown up! 亲爱的，长成⼤⼈真可怕啊！
（1）it 为先⾏词，代替 to be grown up，这个不定式是句⼦真正的主语。

再如：
it is a pleasant thing to have many friends.
有许多朋友是件令⼈愉悦的事。

（2）这句话的⾔外之意是她还没有长成⼤⼈，还是个⼩姑娘，因为她⽤的是表⽰推测的 must。

（cf. 本课语法
语法 Grammar in use
情态助动词 must
（1） must ⼀般译为“必须”，可以表⽰“必要”、“命令或强制”、“邀请”、“决⼼”、“不可推卸的责任”等多种含义。

它没有时态和⼈称变化，通常只⽤于现在时和将来时。

在其他时态中，must的有些含义可以由have to或 have got to来补⾜。

这 3种形式⼀般可以互换，但彼此是有差别的。

⽤于第⼀⼈称时，have to和have got to强调客观的要求或外在的原因，must则强调主观的要求或表⽰说话的⼈认为⾃⼰有权做某事：
I have to look after the baby.
我得照管这孩⼦。

（因为客观原因）
I must see the boss13.
我必须见⽼板。

（主观要求）
They must leave (tomorrow).
他们（明天）必须出发。

They had to leave.
他们（当时）不得不出发。

（过去时中⽤ have to 代替）
They have had to leave.
（2）have to和 have got to往往可以互换：
I have to/have got to leave home every morning at 7:30.
我每天早上7点半就得离开家。

但是，与always，sometimes 等频度副词连⽤时，⽤have to往往⽐⽤have got to好：
I often have to get up at 5. Do you ever have to get up at 5?
我经常5点就得起床。

你有时候也得5点起床吗？
have got to⽐have to听上去要更加⼝语化⼀些：
（3）在表达“难道你不能不（做……）”的含义时，⼀般⽤“Must you…？”句型⽽不⽤“Do you have to…？”或“Have you got to…？”句型：
(4）must还可以⽤来表⽰推测：
He must be at home now.
他现在肯定在家。

He must be mad to drive anywhere today!
他今天居然开车出去，真是疯了！
词汇学习 Word study
1．appear vi.
（1）出现，显露：
Suddenly, a car appeared.
突然，⼀辆⼩汽车出现了。

（2）当众露⾯；登场（演出等）：
I can't appear in this dress at the party.
我不能在晚会上穿着这⾝⾐服露⾯。

Miss Marsh will appear in tonight's play.
在今晚的这场剧中，马什⼩姐将会登场。

（3）似乎，看起来好象（与seem同义）：
She appears to know you.
她似乎认识你。

Now it appears you are wrong.
现在看来你是错的。

2．grow vi.
（1）⽣长，成长，发育：
Trees of this kind don't grow in our country.
我们国家不长这种树。

How tall you've got! You've grown a lot.
你已经这么⾼了！你长了不少。

（2）grow up 长成，成熟（其被动态表⽰长⼤成⼈）：
Lucy has grown up a lot since I last saw her.
⾃从我上次见到她之后，露西已成熟了许多。

What do you want to do when you're grown up?
等你长⼤了，你想⼲什么？
3．as的⼏种⽤法
（1）作为介词，它可以表⽰“作为”、“以……⾝份”等：
In this film, he appeared as a policeman.
在这部影⽚中，他扮演⼀名警察。

As a mechanic14, he can't always keep himself clean.
作为⼀名机修⼯，他⽆法总保持⾝上⼲净。

（2）作为连词，它可以表⽰“因为”、“正当……时候”、“以……⽅式”或“如同……那样”等含义：
You must take care of the baby tomorrow as I am going to London.
由于我要去伦敦，你明天必须照料这孩⼦。

（因为，由于）
As we were talking about him, he knocked at the door.
我们正谈论他的时候，他敲门了。

（正当……时候）
She cooked the dinner as her mother taught her.
她按母亲教她的⽅式做了晚餐。

（以……⽅式）
练习答案 Key to written exercises
1．关键句型练习答案
A She must be(1.1); Jennifer will have to take(1.3); she must appear(1.4); she had to wear(11.5-6); it must be terrible(11.7-8)
C 1 You must/will have to see a doctor.
2 Must you/Do you have to make so much noise?
3 She said we must/had to/would have to stay here.
4 I must/have to have some help.
8 I've had to go out last night.
2．难点练习答案
A 1 in the position of 2 because 3 At the time when
B 1 grow 2 suit 3 costume 4 dress
3．多项选择题答案
1d 2b 3b 4d 5c 6c
7b 8a 9a 10c 11a 12d
【New words and expressions】⽣词和短语
★park　v. 停放（汽车）
parking，stop
stop the car：车在运动中停下来
park：停放
parking area：停车场
★traffic　n. 交通
traffic police：交通警
traffic lights：交通灯
first crossing/turning
traffic jam：交通堵塞
in the traffic jam
I spend a lot of time in traffic jam
heavy traffic：繁重的交通
in heavy traffic：交通拥挤
I was ordered to drive in heavy traffic.
★ticket n. 交通违规罚款单
★note　n. 便条
message：消息
note：纸条，纸钞
make notes：做笔记
★area　n. 地段
area：场地，地段（⼀块对⽅）
place：地点
region：地区（交战，开⽕）
In this region,there were a lot of wars15.
★sign　n. 指⽰牌
★reminder　n. 提⽰
remind3 v.：提⽰，提醒
remind sb of sth
remind sb to do sth
An older photo can remind me of my childhood16.
You remind me of your mother.
reminder：可以指⼈，可以指物
★fail　v. ⽆视，忘记
fail v.失败
fail＋宾语：失败做某事
fail in doing sth：在某些⽅⾯失败
He failed./He failed in examination17.
fail to do：没有能够在某事
He failed to swim acrooss the river.
not fail to do sth.⼀定能够某事
I can not fail to pass it.
You can not fail to drive it.你⼀定能够驾驶
If you receive a request like this,You can not fail to obey it.
If you arrived in Beijing ,you cannot fail to find the New Oriental18 School.
★obey　v. 服从
【课⽂讲解】
fail,fail to do sth,not fail to do sth：⼀定能够做
park：停放
in the wrong place
wrong：不合适的，　right：合适的
He is the right person who you are looking for.
They met(A met B)in the wrong place at the wrong time.
You met the wrong person in the wrong place at the wrong time.
真实条件句：假设很有可能发⽣．If it snows
只要是状语从句，⼀律⽤⼀般现在取代⼀般将来
如果在条件从句中，从句往往是⼀般现在时，主句仍然为⼀般将来时
真实条件句中，从句往往为现在时，主句中会⽤⼀般将来时或祈使句
If he is sleeping,don't wake him up.
If 引导的叫条件句，without后⾯的名词也叫条件句
without+n.：如果没有
Without water,fish cannot live.
however=but,然⽽
however常常放在句⾸或句⼦中都可以，but习惯放在两个句⼦之间
but转折性语义⽐较强，however转折语义⽐较弱
traffic police：交通警
sometimes：有⼏次，有时，偶尔
on my car
sir,直接称呼的时候不和姓相连
１．表⽰尊称
２．考研不知道对⽅姓什么，只要知道对⽅是男性就可以
welcome sb to+地点：欢迎某⼈来某地
pay attention to：注意（思想上）
if.真实条件
You will enjoy your stay here,enjoy：享受，stay(n.)
I have enjoyed my stay here.
Enjoy your stay here.
only a reminder==not a ticket
receive a quest5 like this,cannot fail to obey it
总结
主句会有祈使句，⼀般将来时，情态动词
without＋名词：如果没有，起了条件的作⽤
withou your help/rain
however=but,往往⼀出现，前后都有标点符号隔开，后⾯会加逗号，but不会对⼀个不认识的男⼠，sir; mister的后⾯⼀定要加姓，sir的后⾯不能加姓
sir/madam
enjoy your stay here
I have enjoyed my stay here.
You cannot fail to obey it:你⼀定会遵守
【Key Structures】
Exercises C
1.rains,shall do
2.will never pass
3.is
4.will get
5.enjoys, why doesn't跟第三⼈称连⽤，是⼀种建议；why not连在⼀起表⽰建议
6.is
【Special difficulties】
a.police,⼀定会做复数看待
b.pay attention to,care,take care of,look after
pay attention to：思想上注意，notice
care：关⼼，在意， I don't car：我不在乎，who cares：我不在乎
take care of==look after：照顾，照料
c.remind and remember
remind：提醒，remind sb of sth, remind sb to do sth
remember：记起，记得
(1) Do you remember? remember sth
(2) remember 记得吗？
(3) remember to do sth：记得要去做，remember to send the letter remember doing sth：记得已经做了,I remembered sending the letter. Rember sb to your another：前者向后者表⽰问候
Rember me to your mother：代我向你母亲问好
送⾏：goodbye
Have you enjoy your stay here? I have enjoyed my stay here.
Remember me to your family.
Today I will meet sb at the airport/station.
Hello,good morning,/afternoon.
Long time no see.
How are you?Fine,thank you,and you?I am fine too,thank you.
Welcome to Beijing.
Exercise
1...pay attention...
look after……look+prep.+宾语
pay attention(to sth.)：注意
只有当你注意的时候，你才会学到东西．
2....remind...
remind sb.of sth.
remind sb.about sth.
think of = think about：思考，考虑
3....are knocking...
4....look after...
照料
5....Remember me...
典型的问候语
＂向某⼈表达问候＂
【Multiple choice questions】
1...
seldom：很少（否定意思）
hardly：⼏乎不（否定意思）
occasionally=sometimes：偶尔
I'hardly went there.
6....
No Parking：
park：停放（侧重放）
stop：让运动中的东西停下来
leave sth.here
leave：离开，留下来，丢在某地（⼀定要加宾语和地点）
I left keys at home.
I left my wallet in the taxi.
7...
only
nothing：东西，事情
no one：⼈
nothing extra19：×
nothing more： √
nothing……不定代词
不定代词的修饰词，要放在不定代词的后⾯
anything important：重要的事情
It is nothing,他什么都不是．
extra做定语时，⼀定要放在被修饰词前⾯ one extra thousand two more.../...more 可以放在被修饰词前⾯或后⾯
9....d...
enjoy的典型⽤法：主语从宾语⾝上得到享受
laugh at（sb.)：嘲笑某⼈
amuse（sb.)：让某⼈笑出来
please(sb.)：让某⼈⾼兴；取悦
可以直接加⼈的动词：
shock,surprise,amuse,please,worry
共同特征：和⼈的感觉相连
be worried about：为...担⼼
I am worried about my house.
My house worries me.　我的房⼦让我担⼼。