2020-2021学年江苏省扬州市邗江区八年级(下)期末英语试卷(附答案详解)

2020-2021学年江苏省扬州市邗江区八年级（下）期末英
语试卷
1.- Would you please not speak so loudly in _______ public
- Sorry． I will remember to speak in _______ lower voice．（）
A. the； a
B. /； a
C. the； the
D. /； /
2.——Our parents want us to be __________when we face difficulties during our lives.
——Yes,we should believe in ourselves.（）
A. comfortable
B. energetic
C. serious
D. confident
3.——Mum,I'll get the chance to be trained in Canada for free this summer.
——Really？Sounds ______________to be true.（）
A. too good
B. so good
C. quite good
D. good enough
4.—Dear，please get some fruit before it ．
—OK．I'll go to the supermarket at once．（）
A. runs out
B. is run out
C. is running out
D. will be run out
5.Mr.Wang__________ the city of Nanjing for three days.（）
A. has gone to
B. has gone in
C. has been to
D. has been in
6.All the volunteers thought her a good helper.The sentence type is .（）
A. S+V+P
B. S +V+DO+OC
C. S+V+IO+DO
D. S+V+DO
7.The twins look the same, but are quite different in personality.
A. mostly
B. exactly
C. clearly
D. closely
8.—— I see your ID card？We check your information.
——Here you are.（）
A. Must；should
B. Can；may
C. May；have to
D. Shall；must
9.It was lovely weather we decided to spend the day on the beach.（）
A. such a；that
B. such；that
C. so；as
D. so；that
10.-Are you sure you have to do this now？It's been very late．
-I don't know___ to do it if not now．（）
A. where
B. how
C. what
D. when
11.The elephants to the zoo tomorrow afternoon.（）
A. is sent
B. will send
C. may be sent
D. is going to send
12.______ English well,you should read it ____ twenty minutes a day.（）
A. Studying,at least
B. Study,at most
C. To study,at least
D. To study,at most
13.-Boy, didn't you see people were waiting in line？Don't____!
- I am sorry, sir.（）
A. hand in
B. come in
C. put in
D. push in
14.——Tim,you should read two more articles than your classmates every day.________，
you know.
——OK，I will.（）
A. The early bird catches the worm
B. It never rains but it pours
C. The grass is always greener on the other side
D. Many hands make light work
15.——Would you mind helping me with the bag？
—— .Anything else I can carry for you？（）
A. Not at all
B. Of course
C. My pleasure
D. Never mind
Tom walked away from the school.He was(16)to become a criminal（罪犯），never to return.He was a(17)boy and nobody loved him.He met his best friend,Joe Harper.Joe was looking for Tom for the same(18)，Joe's mother had beaten him.But Joe hadn't done anything(19).She was tired of him and she wanted him to(20).The two boys began to make their plans for starting a life of crime and becoming pirates（海盗）.
Five kilometers south of St Petersburg was a lonely island called Jackson's Island.They decided to go there.They looked for Huckleberry Finn,(21)he joined them immediately.They met at a place on the river bank three kilometers from the village(22).Each brought whatever they could steal like(23) criminals.And then they(24)on the raft.At about two o'clock in the morning,they landed on Jackson's Island,and carried their things onto the shore.They decided to eat and sleep(25)，because that was what criminals did.
"It's(26)the life for me, " said Tom. "You don't have to get up in the mornings and go to school,and wash,and all those foolish things.A pirate doesn't have to do(27) . "
Huck said："What do pirates do？"
"Oh,they take(28)and burn them.They get money and bury it in places where there are ghosts to watch it.And kill everybody on the ships. " said Tom.
Slowly their talk stopped,they felt(29).Huck slept easily.(30)，Tom and Joe had more difficulty getting to sleep.They began to fear that it was wrong to run away and steal.
--taken from The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
16. A. coming B. leaving C. reaching D. arriving
17. A. careful B. clever C. lonely D. careless
18. A. result B. time C. reason D. condition
19. A. wrong B. right C. sad D. happy
20. A. run away B. put away C. move away D. go away
21. A. and B. but C. or D. for
22. A. at noon B. at midnight
C. in the evening
D. in the morning
23. A. truly B. true C. really D. real
24. A. set down B. set up C. set about D. set off
25. A. outside B. inside C. upside D. downside
26. A. only B. already C. just D. almost
27. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing
28. A. boats B. rafts C. ships D. sails
29. A. bored B. awake C. excited D. sleepy
30. A. Moreover B. However C. Otherwise D. Anyway
Q
Grain（谷物）Rain falls between the end of spring and the
beginning of summer,and the temperature rises much higher than
it does in March.With dry soil and heavy winds,sandstorms may
happen more often.
There is an old custom in southern China that people drink tea on
the day of Grain Rain.Spring tea during Grain Rain is good for the
eyes.It is also said that drinking tea on this day would prevent bad
luck.
People in northern China have the tradition to eat the vegetable
toona sinensis during Grain Rain.An old Chinese saying goes
"toona sinensis before the rain is as tender as silk".The vegetable
is good for the stomach.
31.What season starts when Grain Rain ends？______
A. Spring.
B. Summer.
C. Fall.
D. Winter.
32.What do the people in southern China do on the day of Grain Rain？______
A. They often fly a kite.
B. They often eat toona sinensis.
C. They often drink tea.
D. They often start the first voyage.
33.We can read this article from ______ .
A. a history book
B. a fiction novel
C. a guide book
D. a magazine
R
School uniforms are a part of the British education system whether the students like it or not.My first uniform included a grey skirt,a white shirt,a green and white striped tie,and a green jumper.I was four years old then.Although I didn't like wearing it at that time,looking back,I now strongly believe it was a good thing.
A uniform stands for not only equality（平等），but also a sense of community.For example,the FC Barcelona team wear the same uniforms and they stand for their club.Similarly,students wear the same uniforms and look smart representing their schools.I would rather be judged（评判）by my actions and personality than the clothes I wear,and I am certain that a football
player would rather be judged by his or her ability and skill level over what they wear to practice.
Uniforms are also very practical to both teachers and students.In a teacher's view,not only is it easier for them to pick us out in crowded areas on school trips,but it is also easier for them to know us in the classroom,because we wear the same clothes every day.To students,we can stay in bed a little longer in the morning as we don't have to worry about what to wear.
34.The word 'it' in the first paragraph refers to ______
A. a green and white striped tie.
B. students in Britain.
C. British education system.
D. the writer's first school uniform.
35.What does the writer think of her first school uniform now？______
A. She thinks it was a good thing.
B. She enjoys wearing it all day.
C. She thinks it was very beautiful.
D. She still hates her first school uniform.
36.School uniforms may make the students think of ______ .
A. their studies
B. their teachers
C. their parents
D. their school
37.Teachers prefer（更喜欢）school uniforms because ______ .
A. students can stay in bed little longer in the morning
B. they are a part of the British education system
C. students can be easily picked out in crowded areas on school trips
D. students needn't worry about choosing suitable clothes in the morning
S
"How are you？" is a nice question.It's friendly way that people in the United States greet each other.But "How are you？" is also a very unusual question.It's a question that often doesn't need an answer.The person who asks "How are you？" hopes to hear the answer "Fine." even if the person's friend isn't fine.The reason is that, "How are you？" isn't really a question and "Fine." isn't really an answer.They are simply other ways of saying "Hello" or "Hi". Sometimes,people don't say exactly what they mean.For example,when someone asks, "Do you agree"，the other person might think, "No,I disagree.I think you're wrong".But it isn't very
polite to disagree so strongly,so the other person might say "I'm not sure".It's a more polite way to say that you don't agree with someone.
People also don't say exactly what they are thinking when they finish talking with other people.For example,many talks over the phone finish when one person says "I have to go now".Often,the person who wants to hang up gives an excuse like "someone's at the door" or "something is burning on the stove".The excuses might be real,or not.Perhaps the person who wants to hang up simply doesn't want to talk any more,but it isn't polite to say that.The excuse is more polite,and it doesn't hurt anyone's feelings.
Whether they are greeting each other,talking about an idea,or finishing a talk,people don't say exactly what they are thinking.It's an important way that people try to be polite to each other,and it is part of the game of language.
38.As a greeting,when a person in American asks" How are you？"，he or she wants to hear
" ______ ".
A. I am not fine.
B. Fine,thank you.
C. How do you do？
D. Hello.
39.How do you answer "Do you agree？" more politely？______
A. No,I disagree.
B. You are wrong.
C. I'm not sure.
D. Of course not.
40.When you are talking with your friend on the phone,when he says "Someone is at the door.
"，he may mean ______
A. someone is knocking at the door.
B. he wants to hang up the phone.
C. he asks you to hold on.
D. he will call you later.
41.Which of the following sentences is NOT right？______
A. You should not show your disagreement too strongly.
B. If someone says " How are you？"，you should give him a real answer.
C. " Something is burning on the stove. " means " I am afraid I want to hang up. "
D. Sometimes people don't say exactly what they mean because they want to be nice and
polite.
T
When US student Olivia woke up one morning,she thought she had had a dream about making plans with a friend.
But it wasn't a dream.Her phone showed that during the night,Olivia had read a text message from her friend.She did it while she was fast asleep.
Reading and sending text messages while asleep-called 'sleep texting'-is an unusual sleep behavior,similar to sleepwalking.It's also growing anxiety among doctors：young people can't live without their cell phones.
One in three teenagers sends more than 100 text messages a day,according to the Pew Internet& American Life Project.And at least four out of five teenagers said they sleep with their phones on or near their bed.
Elizabeth Dowdell,a professor at Villanova University,has studied sleeping texting.She said that having a phone nearby all night is a big part of the problem.
Andrew,a sleep medicine expert,agrees.It's possible for the part of the brain that controls motor skills （运动技能）to wake up,while the part of the brain that controls memory and judgment may be still asleep.That's why some people can perform basic movements-such as walking,talking,texting or even driving-while they're sleeping.Some of Dowdell's students said that they're disturbed by their nighttime texting behavior.But because sleep texting is unconscious，it's a difficult habit to break.Dowdell said she knew some students who wore socks on their hands to keep themselves from texting.
Marjorie Hogan,a doctor at Hennepin County Medical Center suggests keeping all electronic devices（电子设备）outside the bedroom at certain times.
42.What happened to Olivia？______
A. She sleepwalked to a friend's house.
B. She dreamed of making plans with a friend.
C. She phoned one of her friends during the night.
D. She read a text message from her friend while asleep.
43.What does the underlined word "unconscious" mean______
A. 无意识的.
B. 无规律的.
C. 无反应的.
D. 无方法的.
44.What does doctor Hogan suggest people who 'sleep texting' do______
A. Stop texting to other people during the daytime.
B. Take some medicine to control the strange behavior.
C. Keep their phones out of their bedrooms while they sleep.
D. Wear socks on their hands to stop themselves from texting.
45.We can learn from the passage that ______ .
A. it's easy for us to give up a sleep texting habit
B. one in three teenagers has a sleep texting habit
C. sleep texting does more harm to one's health than sleepwalking
D. sleep texting can reduce the quality of one's sleep
46.This problem was ______（解释）by him just now,but most of us still can't understand
it.
47.This bag can't be that ______（导游） .She left here with a bag on her back just now.
48.He asked me to put the chair______ （紧靠着） the wall．
49.As we all know,the Great Wall is in the ______（北方的）part of China.
50.If coal and oil are used or thrown away ______，they will finally run out. （满不在乎地）
51.China is still a less______ country, so we should try to make it better.（develop）
52.All the team members should work______（close）with each other in a team.
53.I think this is the ______ moment of my life.（proud）
54.The theatre has been famous since the early______（twenty）century．
55.They plan to travel to______（Indian）in the coming summer holiday.
56.The Wildlife Conservation Society （WCS，国际野生生物保护协会）saves wildlife and
wild places worldwide.The WCS works in four major areas：
Science
Over a hundred years ago,Dr.Reid Blair became WCS' first animal specialist（专科医生）.He devoted （奉献）his 38-year career to both the care of zoo animals and the scientific study of them.Since then,WCS Wildlife Health Sciences Division has been a leader in the world in this field.Today,these study and research activities help care for more than 17，000 animals in parks in the United States and around the world.
International（国际的）Conservation
Humans now live on most parts of the earth.People must carefully consider（思考）how to best use the few untouched areas that are left on Earth.They must specially consider endangered animals.The WCS land conservation program centers on these areas.
Education
The "Living Landscapes" program is just one way that WCS helps to protect endangered
animals.
It provides parks with a safe environment for endangered animals.However,animals don't know where these parks end.Therefore,the Living Landscapes Program helps to educate local people how to treat the animals outside of the park area.
City Wildlife Parks
Since 1985，the main WCS office has been in the largest park in New York.School children visit city parks every day of the week to learn about conservation.Several programs are available in the park system ，including family events,discovery centers where people can experience the wildlife,and wildlife theatres.These programs change people's attitudes toward nature and help people imagine wildlife and humans living in harmony（和谐）.
57."Tell us about your favorite dream,Meg!" Laurie said.
"I'd like a lovely house full of all kinds of （1）n ______ things — good food,pretty clothes and lovely furniture," Meg said." And I want to be a good person."
" And what about a （2）h ______ and some beautiful children in your lovely house？"
said Jo, （3）l ______ .
Meg looked at Laurie and her face turned red.
"I guess you want （4）h ______ and pens and books in your house,Jo!" she （5）r ______ .
"You're right!Lots of Arabian horses and rooms full of books, " said Jo. "I want to write books and be rich and （6）f ______ ."
"And （7）y ______ ，Beth？"
"I dream about staying at home with Father and Mother forever and looking after the （8）
f ______ ，" said Beth quietly.
"I have lots of dreams," said Amy. "But my favorite one is to be an （9）a ______ .I'd like to go to Rome and paint wonderful pictures.I want to be the best artist in the world."
"Let's meet again in ten years and see how many of us have got our （10）w ______ ，" said Jo.
--taken from Little Women
58.电影院是辛勤一天工作后放松的好去处．______．
59.人们采取更多的措施保护地球是非常有必要的。

It's necessary for people to take more steps to protect ______ ______.
60.到目前为止，她还不习惯单独睡在她自己的房间。

______
61.这个运动员受伤如此严重以至于需要立刻手术。

______
62.老师的话对这个孩子产生了很大的影响。

______
63.同学们，全市人民共创文明城，让人点赞的行为随处可见，作为中学生的我们也做
出了自己的努力，请根据提示，写一篇短文。

提示：
1.What activities have you done to protect the environment？（至少两例）
2.What activities have you done to obey public rules（至少两例）
3.What suggestions can you offer to make our city better（至少两点）
要求：1）表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；
2）必须包括提示中所有要点内容，并适当发挥；
3）词数：100词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）；
4）不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。

All the people in Yangzhou have worked together to create the civilized city.This good behavior can be seen everywhere. .
答案和解析
1.【答案】B
【解析】a是不定冠词，放在单数可数名词前面，表示某类人或事物中的"一个、一名"，表泛指，a用于以辅音音素开头的字母或单词前，the 是定冠词，表特指，意为"这、那、这些、那些"．放在可数名词和不可数名词前．因in public"在公共场所"，是固定短语，中间部加任何成分．因in a lower voice"用低沉的声音"．由题干"---请你不要在公共场所大声说话好吗？---对不起．我会记住用低沉的声音说话． "可知，第一个空格"不填"；第二个空格用a．所以答案应是/；a．
故选：B．
---请你不要在公共场所大声说话好吗？---对不起．我会记住用低沉的声音说话．
本题考查冠词的用法，在熟知所供词的含义基础上，根据句意，从而判断出正确答案．
2.【答案】D
【解析】fortable舒适；B.energetic精力充沛的；C.serious严肃的；D.confident自信的。

根据答语，是的，我们应该相信自己。

可知上句说的是父母希望我们自信。

表示"自信的"含义时用形容词confident。

故选：D。

--当我们在生活中遇到困难时，父母希望我们自信。

--是的，我们应该相信自己。

作答此类试题，首先要判断各个选项的汉语意思、词性以及用法，然后结合句意选择恰当的一项。

3.【答案】A
【解析】too……to……"太……而不能……"，……enough to……"足够……能……"。

根据句意，听起来太棒了，不敢相信是真的，too good复合语境。

故选：A。

-妈妈，这个夏天我得到了去加拿大免费训练的机会。

-真的吗？听起来太棒了，不敢相信是真的。

了解各选项的含义及用法，根据语境选择合适的选项。

4.【答案】A
【解析】答案：A
run out意为"用完，耗尽"，常用主动语态，故排除BD。

根据
"please get some fruit before it "可知，这句话的时态为一般现在时，故答案为A ——亲爱的，在它没有之前去买些水果吧。

——好的，我马上去超市。

做这道题时要明白动词短语的含义及用法，然后根据语境选出正确选项。

5.【答案】D
【解析】结合句意，王先生__南京这个城市已经有三天了。

结合句子后面有for three days,可知需要用延续性动词，结合选项，has gone to表示已经去了某地。

has been to表示曾经去过某地。

结合语境，可知需要用has been in,表示待在南京这个城市已经有三天了。

故选：D。

王先生待在南京这个城市已经有三天了。

结合提示时间以确定时态，然后结合相关选项，作出正确选择。

6.【答案】B
【解析】All the volunteers是主语，thought是谓语动词，her是宾语，a good helper是宾语补足语；是"主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补"的结构。

故选：B。

所有的志愿者都认为她是个好帮手。

是S +V+DO+OC结构。

考查简单句的基本句型，要熟练掌握各种简单句的句型。

7.【答案】B
【解析】句意：这两个双胞胎长相看起来完全一样，但性格截然不同。

A.大部分、多半；
B.确切地、完全地；
C.清晰地；
D.紧密地。

根据but are quite different in personality.
可知这两双胞胎性格不同，但长相看起来完全是一样，故选B。

8.【答案】C
【解析】must必须，一定；should应该；can能，会；may可能，可以；have to必须，不得不；shall将要。

根据后句句意"给你"可知，前句为"我可以看看你的身份证吗？我们必须核对你的信息"，前空填"可以"，后空填"必须"，其它选项语意不通。

故选：C。

—我可以看看你的身份证吗？我们必须核对你的信息。

—给你。

考查情态动词，牢记情态动词的含义和用法，进行对比，排除错误的答案，从而做出正确的答案。

9.【答案】B
【解析】such +形容词+名词+that；so +形容词+that,二者都表示：如此……以致于……区别在于so 和that 之间没有名词，而such 和that 之间必须有名词．根据lovely weather 这里lovely是形容词，weather是名词，应该用such,weather是一个不可数名词，不能加a.
故选：B．
天气太好了，我们决定在海滩上呆一天．
熟悉固定句式的基本用法，结合题意，给出答案．
10.【答案】D
【解析】where哪里；how如何；what什么；when什么时候．根据if not now 如果不是现在的话所以前面强调时间应该是我不知道什么时候去做．
故选：D．
--你确定你必须要做么，现在太晚了．
--我不知道如果我现在不做该何时去做．
解答本题需要正确理解句意以及所给单词的意思，然后作出正确回答．
11.【答案】C
【解析】A.一般现在时被动语态；B.一般将来时；C.情态动词的被动语态；D.一般将来时；根据句意，大象明天下午或许被送到动物园，时间状语是明天下午，故用一般将来时的被动语态，
故选：C。

大象明天下午或许被送到动物园。

解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，区别被动语态，结合句意准确作答。

12.【答案】C
【解析】根据题干，可知第一空是不定式表目的；结合句意"要学好英语，你应该每天至少读20分钟。

"at least至少，符合题意。

故选：C。

要学好英语，你应该每天至少读20分钟。

熟悉不定式的用法，结合题意，给出答案。

13.【答案】D
【解析】A表示上交，B表示进来，C表示花费、投入，D表示插队．根据题干中回答可知人们都在排队，说话人警告男孩不要插队，push in符合题意．
故选：D．
-男孩，难道你没有看到人们都在排队等吗？不要插队！-先生，我很抱歉．
本题考查动词短语，基础题，熟悉选项的含义，再根据题干即可作出选择．
14.【答案】A
【解析】The early bird catches the worm,早起的鸟儿有虫吃，你懂的；It never rains but it pours,从不下雨，但会倾盆大雨；The grass is always greener on the other side,另一面的草总是更绿；Many hands make light work,人多力量大。

根据句子
"you should read two more articles than your classmates every day"的意思"你每天应该比同
学多读两篇文章。

"可知，选项A符合题意。

故选：A。

—蒂姆，你每天应该比同学多读两篇文章。

早起的鸟儿有虫吃，你懂的。

—好的，我会。

牢记常见的谚语。

15.【答案】A
【解析】A.Not at all一点也不介意；B.Of course当然；C.My pleasure别客气；D.Never mind 不要紧；根据Anything else I can carry for you？可知应说一点也不介意。

故选：A。

——你介意帮我提一下包吗？
——一点也不介意。

还有什么我可以拿的吗？
首先迅速地浏览一遍对话，根据对话的情境，Anything else I can carry for you？结合选项作答。

16.【答案】
【解析】（1）B．动词辨析．ing来；B.leaving离开；C.reaching到达；D.arriving 到达；根据句意，他要离开，成为一名罪犯，一去不复返。

故选：B。

（2）C．形容词辨析．A.careful小心的；B.clever聪明的；C.lonely孤单的；D.careless 粗心的；根据句意，他是个孤独的孩子，没有人爱他。

故选：C。

（3）C．名词辨析．A.result结果；B.time时间；C.reason原因；D.condition条件；根据句意，乔找汤姆也是因为同样的原因。

故选：C。

（4）A．形容词辨析．A.wrong错误的；B.right正确的；C.sad悲伤的；D.happy开心的；根据句意，乔的妈妈打了他，但是乔并没有做错什么。

故选：A。

（5）D．动词短语辨析．A.run away逃跑；B.put away整理；C.move away搬走；D.go away 走开；根据句意，她厌倦了他，想让他走开。

故选：D。

（6）A．连词辨析．A.and并且；B.but但是；C.or或者；D.for为了；根据句意，他们决定去那里。

他们去找哈克贝利•费恩，他马上就加入了他们。

故选：A。

（7）B．介词短语辨析．A.at noon在中午；B.at midnight在午夜；C.in the evening在晚上；D.in the morning在早上；根据句意，午夜时分，他们在离村子三公里远的河边见面。

故选：B。

（8）D．形容词辨析．A.truly真地；B.true真的；C.really真地；D.real真的；根据句意，每个人都像真正的罪犯一样带着能偷的东西。

大故选：D。

（9）D．动词短语辨析．A.set down放下B.set up建立；C.set about着手；D.set off出发；根据句意，然后他们就乘木筏出发了。

故选：D。

（10）A．副词词辨析．A.outside外面；B.inside里面；C.upside上面；D.downside下面；根据句意，他们决定在外面吃饭和睡觉，因为那是罪犯所做的事情。

故选：A。

（11）C．副词词辨析．A.only只有；B.already已经；C.just刚好；D.almost几乎；根据句意，"这正是我喜欢的生活，"汤姆说。

故选：B。

（12）B．代词词辨析．A.something某物；B.anything任何事；C.everything一切；D.nothing 没有；根据句意，"海盗什么都不用做。

"故选：C。

（13）C．名词辨析．A.boats船；B.rafts筏；C.ships大船；D.sails航海；根据句意，他们找到大船后会烧了它。

故选：C。

（14）D．形容词辨析．A.bored无聊的；B.awake醒着的；C.excited兴奋的；D.sleepy 很困的；根据句意，慢慢地，他们的谈话停止了，他们感到昏昏欲睡。

故选：A。

（15）B．连词辨析．A.Moreover而且；B.However然而；C.Otherwise否则；D.Anyway 不论如何；根据句意，然而，汤姆和乔更难入睡。

他们开始担心跑开偷东西是不对的。

故选：D。

文章讲述了一个小故事，一个叫汤姆的学生和乔分别因为不愉快的经历而离开学校，一起约定要去做海盗。

于是找到了孤岛上的哈克贝利•费恩一起成为海盗，在听到海盗的罪行后又开始后悔的故事。

做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意，一篇完形填空的文章会有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一遍，才能大概了解文章内容，千万不要看一句，做一句。

其次要逐句分析，前后一致，选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。

这篇完型要多注意：填空时多联系上下文，注意固定搭配，答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。

31.【答案】
【解析】（1）B.理解判断题。

根据Grain（谷物）Rain falls between the end of spring and the beginning of summer,谷雨时节是在在春末夏初的时候。

所以是夏天开始。

故选B。

（2）C.细节理解题。

根据There is an old custom in southern China that people drink tea on the day of Grain Rain.中国南方有一个古老的习俗，人们在谷雨日喝茶。

故选C。

（3）D.文章来源题。

根据Grain（谷物）Rain falls between the end of spring and the beginning of summer,谷雨时节是在在春末夏初的时候。

及全文可知本文介绍了谷雨时节的一些风俗习惯，所以选项中最有可能的是D项杂志，故选D。

本文介绍了谷雨时节的一些风俗习惯。

在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。

34.【答案】
【解析】（1）D.词义猜测题。

根据前文"My first uniform included a grey skirt,a white shirt,a green and white striped tie,and a green jumper. "我的第一套校服包括一条灰色裙子，一件白衬衫，一条绿白条纹领带和一件绿色套头衫。

可知本题it指的是first uniform,故选D。

（2）A.细节理解题。

根据" Although I didn't like wearing it at that time,looking back,I now strongly believe it was a good thing."虽然我当时不喜欢戴它，但现在回想起来，我坚信它是一件好事。

可知答案选A。

故选A。

（3）D.细节理解题。

根据"Similarly,students wear the same uniforms and look smart representing their schools."同样，学生们穿着同样的制服，看起来很聪明，代表着他们的学校。

可知学生穿着校服代表着学校，故选D。

（4）C.细节理解题。

根据"In a teacher's view,not only is it easier for them to pick us out in crowded areas on school trips"在老师看来，在学校旅行中，他们不仅更容易在拥挤的地区挑选出我们。

可知答案选C。

故选C。

文章介绍校服是英国教育系统的一部分。

在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细
推敲，确定最佳答案。

38.【答案】
【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。

根据The person who asks "How are you？
" hopes to hear the answer "Fine." 有人问"你好吗？"希望听到答案"好的。

"可知B项符合文意，故选B。

（2）C.细节理解题。

根据
But it isn't very polite to disagree so strongly,so the other person might say "I'm not sure".It's a more polite way to say that you don't agree with someone.但是如此强烈地反对是不太礼
貌的，所以对方可能会说"我不确定"。

这是说你不同意某人的观点是一种更礼貌的方式。

可知I'm not sure.是更礼貌的回答方式。

故选C。

（3）B.理解判断题。

根据
Often,the person who wants to hang up gives an excuse like "someone's at the door" or "some thing is burning on the stove".通常，想挂断电话的人会给出一个借口，比如"有人在门口"或"炉子上有东西在燃烧"。

可知意思是想挂断电话。

故选B。

（4）B.理解判断题。

根据But "How are you？
" is also a very unusual question.It's a question that often doesn't need an answer.但是"你好吗？"也是一个很不寻常的问题。

这个问题往往不需要答案。

可知B项与文意不符。

故选B。

本文主要介绍了为了和他人谈话时要彼此友善，人们往往用委婉的语气而不直接说出心中所想。

在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。

42.【答案】
【解析】（1）D．细节理解题。

根据文章第二段，
Her phone showed that during the night,Olivia had read a text message from her friend.She di d it while she was fast asleep.她的手机显示，在晚上，Olivia读到了她朋友的一条短信，她是在熟睡时读的。

可知，那不是一个梦．她确实在睡着的时候读了朋友发来的信息，故选D。

（2）A．词义猜测题。

根据文章第五段，Some of Dowdell's students said that they're disturbed by their nighttime texting behavior.But because sleep texting is unconscious，it's a difficult habit to break.道德尔的一些学生说，他们对夜间发短信的行为感到不安，但因为睡眠短信是___的，所以很难改掉。

可知，他们是睡觉的时候发的短信，则划线单词意为：无意识的，故选A。

（3）C．细节理解题。

根据文章最后一段，keeping all electronic devices outside the bedroom at certain times.建议把所有电子设备在特定时间放在卧室外。

可知，医生建议在睡觉时将所有电子设备移到卧室以外，故选C。

（4）D．细节判断题。

根据文章倒数第二段，Some of Dowdell's students said that they're troubled by their nighttime texting behavior.Dowdell的一些学生说他们被夜间短信的行为所困扰。

可知，睡眠短信可以减少一个人的睡眠质量，故选D。

本文是一篇日常生活类阅读，主要介绍了睡眠短信类似于梦游"是一种不寻常的睡眠行为。

形成这种行为的原因是频繁的使用手机并发信息。

专家说在睡眠中大脑控制运动技能的一部分是醒着的而大脑的控制记忆和判断一部分可能还在睡觉，所以出现了睡眠短信这一现象。

解答阅读理解这类试题时，务必充分解上下文的语境和前后文的逻辑关系，找到解题的依据和线索，准确作答。

46.【答案】explained
【解析】解释explain,动词；根据句意和前面的助动词was可知，是一般过去时的被动语态，填过去分词。

故答案为：explained。

他刚才解释了这个问题，但我们大多数人仍然无法理解。

翻译填空，需要学生根据汉语提示等，来选择合适的单词或者短语，构成合乎语法、句意完整的句子。