初中英语8大时态ppt课件
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e.g.Has she any experience in teaching piano lessons？(√) Does she have any experience in teaching piano lessons？ (√) 她有教钢琴的经验吗？
Had you a good time going hiking yesterday？(×) Did you have a good time going hiking yesterday？(√)
you/ they working？
.
Is he/ she/ it not working？或Isn’t
he/ she/ it
working？
现在分词的变法有：
1)、一般在动词词尾加上-ing , E.g. jump---jumping
2)、以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去e，再加ing. E.g have---having
表示过去经常发生的动作，也 可用“used to do ”和“would +动词原形”。
.
肯定式
疑问式
否定式疑问否定式I源自wasateacher.
Was I a I was not
teacher？ teacher.
a
Was I not a teacher？
He/ She was a
teacher.
It was Mary.
We/ You/ They
were teachers.
Were we/ We/ You/ They Were we/ you/ they not
you/ they were not/
teachers？或Weren’t we/
teachers？weren’t teachers.you/ they teacher？
.
肯定式 疑问式
否定式
疑问否定式
I worked.
Did I
work？
I did not/ didn’t work.
Did I not work？或Didn’t I work？
He/ She
worked.
/It
Did he/
she /it work？
He/ She/ It
not/didn’t
work.
drop→dropped
结尾是“辅音字母＋y”的动词，先 study→studied
变“y”为“i”再加-ed
worry→worried
cry→cried
.
三、现在进行时
.
1.概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行 的动作及行为。
2.时间状语：Now, at this time, days, look. listen等时间状语做标志。 3.基本结构：主语+be +doing +其他 4.否定形式：主语+be +not +doing+其他 5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。
didDid he/ Didn’t
she/ it not
he/ she/ it
work？或 work？
Did we/
We/ You/ you/
They worked.they
work？
We/ You/ They
did not/ didn’t work.
Did we/ you/ they not work？或 Didn’t we/ you/ they work？
.
否定形式： ①was/were+not; ②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原 行为动词。
一般疑问句： ①was或were放于句首； ②用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同 时还原行为动词。
.
肯定句： 1、was/were +其他 2、谓语动词使用过去式形式， V-ed分为规则和不规则变化。
.
否定形式： ①am/is/are+not; ②谓语动词为行为动词，则在其前 加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则 用doesn't，加动词原型。
一般疑问句： ①把be动词放于句首； ②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三 人称单数，则用does，同时，还原 行为动词。
.
否定式肯和定疑问式否定式如下表所示疑： 问式
.
例子
Play→plays leave→leaves swim→swims
pass →passes fix→fixes teach→teaches wish→wishes do→does
study→studies carry→carries fly→flies
二、一般过去时
.
概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态； 过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词
teacher？ isn’t a teacher.或Isn’t he /she a teacher？
It is Mary.
Is
it
Mary？
It is not /isn’t Mary.
Is it not Mary？/ Isn’t
it Mary？
We/ You/ They
are teachers.
Are we/ you/ We/ You/ They Are we/ you/ they not
.
构成规则
例子
一般在动词原形末尾加-ed，(在清 look→looked
辅音后读/t/；在浊辅音和元音后读 play→played
/d/；在/t/,/d/后读/id/。
work→worked
结尾是e的动词在末尾加-d
like→liked live→lived hope→hoped
末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音 plan→planned 节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed stop→stopped
否定式 I am not working. working.或We/ You/ They working.或He/ She/
aren’t working.
It isn’t working.
疑问否定 式
Am
I
not
Are we/ you/ they not working？working？或Aren’t we/
We/ You/
They do Do we/ you/ they not work？ not/ don’t 或Don’t we/ you/ they work？
work.
.
特别提示： have(has)在表示“有”时，否定形式
为haven’t(hasn’t)或have not(has not)，变 为疑问句时可直接把have(has)放在句首也 可借助于助动词do(does)。当不表示“有” 的意思时，其否定句和疑问句只能加助动 词do(does)构成。
He/ She /It Does he/ she /it
works.
work？
He/ She/ It
does
Does he/ she/ it not work？
not/doesn’ 或Doesn’t he/ she/ it work？
t work.
We/ You/ Do we/ you/ they They work. work？
they
are not/aren’t teachers？或Aren’t we/
teachers？ teachers.
you/ they teacher？
.
肯定式
疑问式
I work. Do I work？
否定式
疑问否定式
I don’t Do I not work？或Don’t I
work.
work？
.
一、一般现在时
.
一、一般现在时：
概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的 某种状况。
时间状语： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sunday, etc.
基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词
.
肯定式 I am working.
We/ You/ They are working.
疑问式 Am I working？
Are we/ you/ they working？
He/ She/ It is working.
Is he/ she/ it
working？
We/ You/ They are not He/ She/ It is not
.
6. 使用情况
1)、现在（说话的瞬间）正在进行或发生 的动作，强调“此时此刻”。
E.g. He is reading . They are talking now. 2)、当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在 进行的动作。 E.g. They are working these days. 3)、 某些动词的现在进行时，表预定的计 划或即将发生的动作。 E.g I am coming.
2.时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去 时的时间状语等。
3.基本结构 主语+was/were +doing +其他 4.否定形式：主语+was/were + not +doing+其他 5.一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。( 第一个字母大写） 其句式变化仍然要在be上做文章。
.
动词第三人称单数 形式变化规则
.
规则 一般在词尾加-s，(清辅音后 读/s/，在浊辅音后读/z/； 在t后读/ts/,在d后读/dz/。)
以字母s, x, ch, sh, o结尾的词 加-es，读/iz/,如果动词原形 词尾已有e,则只加-s。
以辅音字母加y结尾的词 ，先变y为i, 再加-es,读/z/
你昨天徒步旅行玩得开心吗？
.
注意：
在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中用一般现在时表 示将来的动作。 e.g.We won’t go to the park if it rains tomorrow. 如果明天下雨，我们将不去公园。 When I grow up, I will go to America. 我长大后要去美国。
.
肯定式
疑问式
否定式
疑问否定式
I /He /She/
It was working.
Was I/ he/ she/ it working？
I/ He/ She/ It Was I /he/ she /it was not working.not working？或
或I/ he/ she/ it Wasn’t I/ he/ she wasn’t working./it working？
We/ You/ They Were we/ you/ they were working. working？
We/ You/ They Were we/ you/ they were not working.not working？或
或We/ You/ They Weren’t we/ you/ weren’t working.they working？
表示发生在过去持续到现在可能刚刚结束也有可能继续进行下去的动作或状态甚至延续到将来并对现在造成一定的影响或结果
初中语法专题
时态
.
时态的定义： 作谓语的动词用来表示 动作（情况）发生时间 的各种形式。
（不同的时间，用不同的时态。）
.
一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 一般将来时 过去将来时
write---writing
3)、.以重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母结尾的 词，它前面是单个元音字母时要先将词尾的辅音 字母双写，再加上-ing. E.g. sit------sitting
put-------putting
.
四、过去进行时
.
1.概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正 在发生或进行的行为或动作。
否定式
疑问否定式
I
am
a
teacher.
Am I a
teacher？
I am not./I’mnot a Am I not a teacher？
teacher.
He/ She is a Is he/ she a He/ She is not/ Is he/ she not a teacher？
teacher.
Was he/
she a teacher？
He/ She
wasn’t
waatsenaochte/r.W或 teaWsaachshene/’r？sthheen/osthae
teacher？ a
Was it It was not
Was it not Mary？/ Wasn’t
Mary？ /wasn’t Mary. it Mary？
e.g.Has she any experience in teaching piano lessons？(√) Does she have any experience in teaching piano lessons？ (√) 她有教钢琴的经验吗？
Had you a good time going hiking yesterday？(×) Did you have a good time going hiking yesterday？(√)
you/ they working？
.
Is he/ she/ it not working？或Isn’t
he/ she/ it
working？
现在分词的变法有：
1)、一般在动词词尾加上-ing , E.g. jump---jumping
2)、以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去e，再加ing. E.g have---having
表示过去经常发生的动作，也 可用“used to do ”和“would +动词原形”。
.
肯定式
疑问式
否定式疑问否定式I源自wasateacher.
Was I a I was not
teacher？ teacher.
a
Was I not a teacher？
He/ She was a
teacher.
It was Mary.
We/ You/ They
were teachers.
Were we/ We/ You/ They Were we/ you/ they not
you/ they were not/
teachers？或Weren’t we/
teachers？weren’t teachers.you/ they teacher？
.
肯定式 疑问式
否定式
疑问否定式
I worked.
Did I
work？
I did not/ didn’t work.
Did I not work？或Didn’t I work？
He/ She
worked.
/It
Did he/
she /it work？
He/ She/ It
not/didn’t
work.
drop→dropped
结尾是“辅音字母＋y”的动词，先 study→studied
变“y”为“i”再加-ed
worry→worried
cry→cried
.
三、现在进行时
.
1.概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行 的动作及行为。
2.时间状语：Now, at this time, days, look. listen等时间状语做标志。 3.基本结构：主语+be +doing +其他 4.否定形式：主语+be +not +doing+其他 5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。
didDid he/ Didn’t
she/ it not
he/ she/ it
work？或 work？
Did we/
We/ You/ you/
They worked.they
work？
We/ You/ They
did not/ didn’t work.
Did we/ you/ they not work？或 Didn’t we/ you/ they work？
.
否定形式： ①was/were+not; ②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原 行为动词。
一般疑问句： ①was或were放于句首； ②用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同 时还原行为动词。
.
肯定句： 1、was/were +其他 2、谓语动词使用过去式形式， V-ed分为规则和不规则变化。
.
否定形式： ①am/is/are+not; ②谓语动词为行为动词，则在其前 加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则 用doesn't，加动词原型。
一般疑问句： ①把be动词放于句首； ②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三 人称单数，则用does，同时，还原 行为动词。
.
否定式肯和定疑问式否定式如下表所示疑： 问式
.
例子
Play→plays leave→leaves swim→swims
pass →passes fix→fixes teach→teaches wish→wishes do→does
study→studies carry→carries fly→flies
二、一般过去时
.
概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态； 过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词
teacher？ isn’t a teacher.或Isn’t he /she a teacher？
It is Mary.
Is
it
Mary？
It is not /isn’t Mary.
Is it not Mary？/ Isn’t
it Mary？
We/ You/ They
are teachers.
Are we/ you/ We/ You/ They Are we/ you/ they not
.
构成规则
例子
一般在动词原形末尾加-ed，(在清 look→looked
辅音后读/t/；在浊辅音和元音后读 play→played
/d/；在/t/,/d/后读/id/。
work→worked
结尾是e的动词在末尾加-d
like→liked live→lived hope→hoped
末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音 plan→planned 节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed stop→stopped
否定式 I am not working. working.或We/ You/ They working.或He/ She/
aren’t working.
It isn’t working.
疑问否定 式
Am
I
not
Are we/ you/ they not working？working？或Aren’t we/
We/ You/
They do Do we/ you/ they not work？ not/ don’t 或Don’t we/ you/ they work？
work.
.
特别提示： have(has)在表示“有”时，否定形式
为haven’t(hasn’t)或have not(has not)，变 为疑问句时可直接把have(has)放在句首也 可借助于助动词do(does)。当不表示“有” 的意思时，其否定句和疑问句只能加助动 词do(does)构成。
He/ She /It Does he/ she /it
works.
work？
He/ She/ It
does
Does he/ she/ it not work？
not/doesn’ 或Doesn’t he/ she/ it work？
t work.
We/ You/ Do we/ you/ they They work. work？
they
are not/aren’t teachers？或Aren’t we/
teachers？ teachers.
you/ they teacher？
.
肯定式
疑问式
I work. Do I work？
否定式
疑问否定式
I don’t Do I not work？或Don’t I
work.
work？
.
一、一般现在时
.
一、一般现在时：
概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的 某种状况。
时间状语： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sunday, etc.
基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词
.
肯定式 I am working.
We/ You/ They are working.
疑问式 Am I working？
Are we/ you/ they working？
He/ She/ It is working.
Is he/ she/ it
working？
We/ You/ They are not He/ She/ It is not
.
6. 使用情况
1)、现在（说话的瞬间）正在进行或发生 的动作，强调“此时此刻”。
E.g. He is reading . They are talking now. 2)、当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在 进行的动作。 E.g. They are working these days. 3)、 某些动词的现在进行时，表预定的计 划或即将发生的动作。 E.g I am coming.
2.时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去 时的时间状语等。
3.基本结构 主语+was/were +doing +其他 4.否定形式：主语+was/were + not +doing+其他 5.一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。( 第一个字母大写） 其句式变化仍然要在be上做文章。
.
动词第三人称单数 形式变化规则
.
规则 一般在词尾加-s，(清辅音后 读/s/，在浊辅音后读/z/； 在t后读/ts/,在d后读/dz/。)
以字母s, x, ch, sh, o结尾的词 加-es，读/iz/,如果动词原形 词尾已有e,则只加-s。
以辅音字母加y结尾的词 ，先变y为i, 再加-es,读/z/
你昨天徒步旅行玩得开心吗？
.
注意：
在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中用一般现在时表 示将来的动作。 e.g.We won’t go to the park if it rains tomorrow. 如果明天下雨，我们将不去公园。 When I grow up, I will go to America. 我长大后要去美国。
.
肯定式
疑问式
否定式
疑问否定式
I /He /She/
It was working.
Was I/ he/ she/ it working？
I/ He/ She/ It Was I /he/ she /it was not working.not working？或
或I/ he/ she/ it Wasn’t I/ he/ she wasn’t working./it working？
We/ You/ They Were we/ you/ they were working. working？
We/ You/ They Were we/ you/ they were not working.not working？或
或We/ You/ They Weren’t we/ you/ weren’t working.they working？
表示发生在过去持续到现在可能刚刚结束也有可能继续进行下去的动作或状态甚至延续到将来并对现在造成一定的影响或结果
初中语法专题
时态
.
时态的定义： 作谓语的动词用来表示 动作（情况）发生时间 的各种形式。
（不同的时间，用不同的时态。）
.
一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 一般将来时 过去将来时
write---writing
3)、.以重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母结尾的 词，它前面是单个元音字母时要先将词尾的辅音 字母双写，再加上-ing. E.g. sit------sitting
put-------putting
.
四、过去进行时
.
1.概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正 在发生或进行的行为或动作。
否定式
疑问否定式
I
am
a
teacher.
Am I a
teacher？
I am not./I’mnot a Am I not a teacher？
teacher.
He/ She is a Is he/ she a He/ She is not/ Is he/ she not a teacher？
teacher.
Was he/
she a teacher？
He/ She
wasn’t
waatsenaochte/r.W或 teaWsaachshene/’r？sthheen/osthae
teacher？ a
Was it It was not
Was it not Mary？/ Wasn’t
Mary？ /wasn’t Mary. it Mary？