肾移植术后人肾存活患儿生长发育的队列研究

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作者单位㊀1广州市妇女儿童医疗中心肾内科㊀广州,510120;2中山大学附属第一医院㊀广州,510120通讯作者㊀李颖杰,E⁃mail:2034219700@qq.com㊃论著㊃

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673⁃5501.2020.03.004

肾移植术后人肾存活患儿生长发育的队列研究

廖㊀欣1㊀谭锦兰1㊀张㊀妙1㊀钟发展1㊀王长希2㊀邱㊀江2㊀傅㊀茜2㊀刘龙山2㊀李颖杰1

㊀㊀摘要㊀目的㊀探讨儿童肾移植后生长发育的临床特征及影响移植后追赶性生长的因素㊂方法㊀收集2017年7月至2019年11月由广州市妇女儿童医疗中心和中山大学附属第一医院合作进行肾移植手术的受者术后随访的病历资料,生长发育指标:身高生长速率(ΔHtSDS)㊁末次身高标准差(HtSDS),生存指标:血肌酐㊁血清白蛋白㊁Hb㊁血钙㊁血磷㊁尿蛋白/肌酐㊁尿RBC计数㊁血压,并发症,用药情况(糖皮质激素㊁免疫抑制剂㊁降压药和骨化三醇等)㊂结果㊀接受移植术受者18例,中位随访时间17.5(11,24.5)月,肾移植后第1年ΔHtSDS为0.8(0.1,1.2),追赶率为61%,第2年ΔHtSDS为-0.1(-0 3,0.4),末次随访HtSDS为-1.94ʃ0.99,达标率50%㊂HtSDS移植前与末次随访呈正相关(r=0.64,P=0.005),与随访12个月时的ΔHtSDS呈负相关(r=-0.61,P=0.008)㊂随访期人肾存活率均100%,8例出现并发症,其中3例重症感染㊁4例抗体介导性排异反应㊁1例原发肾病复发㊂糖皮质激素(GC)累积量(143.6ʃ86.6)mg㊃kg-1,每天剂量为(0.30ʃ0.15)mg㊃kg-1,使用降压药10例,骨化三醇9例㊂多因素分析显示,移植前HtSDS㊁移植年龄和血压是肾移植后身高追赶性生长的危险因素,降压药的使用是身高追赶性生长的独立保护因素㊂结论㊀肾移植受者术后随访终点身高低于同年龄同性别正常儿童身高2个标准差,移植前较低的HtSDS㊁较小的移植年龄及正常低限的平均动脉压是儿童肾移植后提高ΔHtSDS的有利因素,降压药的使用是肾移植后身高追赶性生长的保护因素㊂

关键词㊀儿童;㊀肾移植;㊀追赶性生长

Growthanddevelopmentofchildrenwithgraftsurvivalafterkidneytransplantation:Acohortstudy

LIAOXin1,TANJin⁃lan1,ZHANGMiao1,ZHONGFa⁃zhan1,WANGChang⁃xi2,QIUJiang2,FUQian2,LIULong⁃shan2,LIYing⁃jie1(1NephrologyDepartment,GuangzhouWomenandChildren'sMedicalCenter,Guangzhou510120,China;2TheFirstAffiliatedHospitalofSunYat⁃senUniversity,Guangzhou510120,China)

CorrespondingAuthor:LIYing⁃jie,E⁃mail:2034219700@qq.com

AbstractObjectiveToexploretheclinicalcharacteristicsofgrowthanddevelopment,andthefactorsinfluencingthecatch⁃upgrowthofpediatricrecipientsafterkidneytransplantation.MethodsFromJuly2017toNovember2019,GuangzhouWomenandChildren'sMedicalCenterandtheFirstAffiliatedHospitalofSunYat⁃senUniversitycooperatedtocarryoutchildren'skidneytransplantation.Aretrospectiveanalysisofthechildren'sfollow⁃upmedicalrecordswhohadreceivedthetransplantationoperationincludedgrowthindexesofheightgrowthrate(ΔHtSDS)andlastheightstandarddeviation(HtSDS),survivalindicatorsofserumcreatinine,serumalbumin,Hemoglobin,seriumcalcium,seriumphosphorus,urineprotein/creatinine,urineRBCandbloodpressure,complicationsandmedicationconditionssuchasglucocorticoids,immunosuppressants,antihypertensivedrugsandcalcitriol,etc.ResultsEighteencaseswereinvolvedinthestudywiththemedianfollow⁃uptimeof17.5(11,24.5)months.DatashowedthatΔHtSDSwas0.8(0.1,1.2)withthecatch⁃uprateof61%duringthe1stpost⁃transplantyear,andatthe2ndyearΔHtSDSwas-0.1(0.3,0.4)andthelastHtSDSduringthefollow⁃upwas-1.94ʃ0.99with50%ofcontrolrate.ThebaselineHtSDScorrelatedpositivelywiththeterminalHtSDSduringthefollow⁃up(r=0.64,P=0.005)andcorrelatednegativelywithΔHtSDSatthe12thmonthoffollow⁃up(r=-0.61,P=0.008).Thepatientandallograftsurvivalrateswere100%duringthefollow⁃up,andtherewere8casesofcomplications,including3casesofsevereinfection,4casesofantibodymediatedrejectionand1caseofprimarynephropathyrecurrence.Thecumulativeamountofglucocorticoid(GC)was(143.6ʃ86.6)mg㊃kg-1,andthedailydosewas(0.30ʃ0.15)mg㊃kg-1.Tencasesweretreatedwithantihypertensivedrugsand9casesweretreatedwithcalcitriol.Multiplefactoranalysisshowedthatforcatch⁃upgrowth,HtSDSofbaseline,transplantationageandbloodpressurewereriskfactors,whiletheuseofantihypertensivedrugswasanindependentprotectivefactor.ConclusionTheheightattheendoffollow⁃upafterkidneytransplantationwassignificantlyimprovedcomparedwiththatbeforetransplantation.ThelowerHtSDSofthepre⁃transplantation,theyoungertransplantationageandthelowernormalbloodpressurewerethefavorablefactorsforpromoting

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