初中英语祈使句讲解及练习

初中英语――祈使句
祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。

其主语you常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。

1. 肯定的祈使句
(1）动词原形+其他
Stand up, please. = Please stand up. 请起立.
（2)Be + n./adj。

Be a good boy！要做一个好孩子! Be careful！ = Look out! = Take care！小心 / 当心!（3）Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分
Let me help you. 让我来帮你。

Let’s go to school together. 咱们一起上学去吧。

2. 否定的祈使句
(1） Don't + 动词原形
Don't stand up. 别站起来。

Don’t be careless. 别粗心。

Don't let them play with fire。

别让他们玩火。

（2）Let型的否定式有两种：“Don’t + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语
+ not + 动词原形 + 其它成分”。

Don’t let him go. / Let him not go。

别让他走.
Let them not play with fire。

别让他们玩火.
（3）no开头，用来表示禁止性的祈使句。

No smoking! 禁止吸烟!No fishing! 禁止钓鱼！
3。

祈使句的强调形式,通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助动词Do。

例如：Do shut up！快住口！
4. 祈使句的回答祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用
will或won’t。

在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时,要注意两点：
1)形式一致(即Yes与will保持一致;No与won't保持一致)
2）意思相反(即Yes是“不”的意思；No是“是”的意思）.
在回答时,要注意分析上下文语境中所提供的条件。

如：—-- Don’t go out, please。

It's raining heavily outside。

请不要出去。

外面雨下得很大。

-——- Yes, I will。

I have to meet my brother at the airport。

不行，我得去机场接我弟弟。

5. 祈使句的反意疑问句
(1）肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用will you 或won't you.
Please open the door, will/ won’t you？请把门打开，好吗？
(2) 否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分只用will you.
Don't be late again, will you? 别再迟到了，行不行？
(3）以let’s开头的祈使句反意疑问句反问部分用shall we。

Let’s turn on the TV， shall we? 我们把电视打开,好吗?
〈特别注意> 只有以let's开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分才用shall we,而let us 开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分应为will you或won't you。

如：Let us stay here， will/ won't you? 请（你)让我们留在这好吗？
一. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。

1.It’s an important meeting. _________________ (not, be )late。

2.________________ (not，make） any nise! Your mother is sleeping.
3.________________ （not, speak) with your mouth full of food and _________ (be) polite。

4。

________________ （ not， talk) and ____________ (read) aloud。

5._______________ (not，leave) your homework for tomorrow, Larry。

6.________________ （look） out！ A car is coming.
7._______________ （give） us ten years and just see what our country will be like.
8.________________ （not, let) the baby cry.
9.Wear more clothes or you ____________ (catch) a cold.
10. Let’s _______________ （not, say) anything about it。

二、单项选择
1. The TV is too loud. Please________.
A. turn it down
B. to turn it down C。

turn down it D。

to turn down it
2。

_______ late again， Bill！
A。

Don’t to be B. Don't be C. Not be D. Be not
3。

_______ cross the road until the traffic lights turn green。

A。

Not B。

Won’t C. Doesn't D。

Don’t
4. Please help me carry it， ______？
A。

will I B。

will you C. shall I D. shall we
5。

Don’t make so much noise, ______？
A. will you B。

won't you C。

shall we D. do you
6. Do you know the girl ______under the tree？
A。

stand B。

to stand C. standing D. stood
7。

Kate, _______ your homework here tomorrow。

A。

bring B。

brings C。

to bring D. bringing
8。

________ me the truth, or I'll be angry.
A。

Telling B。

To tell C. Told D. Tell
9。

I’ve kept the dog _______Maomao for a long time.
A. Name
B. named C。

naming D. to name
10。

Don’t you know that _______ is good for our health?
A. swim
B. swimming
C. swam D。

swims
11 .Her doctor said：“________ work so hard”
A Stop
B Don't
C Can’t
D No
12. Sindy, ________ to be here at 8 o’clock
A is sure
B is sure that
C will be sure
D be sure
13。

________ when you cross the road.
A Do care
B Care
C Do be careful
D To be careful
14。

________him the secret, will you?
A Don’t tell
B Not to tell
C Not telling
D No telling
15。

________ in bed。

It’s bad for your eyes。

A Not to read
B Don’t read
C Don't to read
D Not read
16. ________ Your child. We’ll look after him.
A Not to worry about
B Don’t worry about
C Not worry for
D Don’t worry with 17.They are very tired. Why ________ have a rest?
A not they
B do not they
C don’t they
D not to
18 —-You look rather tired。

________ stopping to have a rest?
—- All right.
A Why not
B How about
C Why not to
D why don't
19 ______ tell a lie。

A Hardly
B Not
C No
D Never
20.Please ________ look outside. Look at the blackboard.
A not
B don't
C aren't
D can’t
三、句型转换
1。

Will you please read it again more slowly？ (改为祈使句）
_______ ________ again more slowly， please。

2. If you don't listen to me, I'll go。

（改为同义句）
________ ________me, or I'll go.
3。

Let’s watch the sports games。

（改为反意疑问句）
Let’s watch the sports games， _______ _____?
4. The teachers often tell the students not to be careless。

（改为祈使句）
_______ _______careless, please.
5。

Please sit next to Nancy. （改为否定句）
_______ _______ next to Nancy.
6。

Don't forget to turn off the lights， please. （改为反意疑问句）
Don't forget to turn off the lights， _______ _______？
7. If you move, you'll die. (改为同义句）
_______ ______, or you'll die.
8。

Come to my house tomorrow. （改为反意疑问句)
Come to my house tomorrow， _______ _______?
9。

这是一个坏了的被子。

(翻译句子）
This is a ________ ________.
10。

让我们去帮帮那个哭泣的女孩吧。

（翻译句子）
Let's go and help the _______ _______, please。

四、将下列汉语翻译成英语。

1.请照看好您的包。

___________________________________________.
2.让我们去学校吧！ ____________________________________________！
3.亲爱的,高兴点儿! ____________________________________________!
4.不要把书放这儿。

____________________________________________。

5.不要让猫进来. ____________________________________________。

参考答案
一、填空题
1。

Dont’t be 2. Dont’t make 3. Dont't speak be
4. Don't talk read
5. Don't leave 6。

Look
7。

Give 8。

Don’t let 9。

catch 10。

not _say
二、单选题
1-5。

ABDBA 6—10. CADBB 11-15 BADAD 16-20 BDADB
三、句型转换
1。

Read it 2. Listen to 3. shall we 4. Don’t be 5。

Don't sit
6. will you
7. Don’t move
8. will / won't you 9。

broken glass / cup 10。

crying girl
四、翻译Key:
1. Please look after your bag.
2.Let’s go to school.
3.Be glad， dear
4. Don't put the book here .
5.Don’t let the cat come in / Let the cat not come in。