2014年八下英语人教版新目标知识点整合

Unit 1 What’s the matter?
【应掌握的词组】
1-1 询问
What’s the matter? 怎么了？
= What’ the matter with you?
= What’s the trouble?
= What’s the trouble with you?
= what’s up?
= what’s up with you?
= Is there anything wrong?
= Is there anything wrong with you?
= What’s wrong?
= What’s wrong with you?
= What has happened to you?
1-2 疾病
I have a sore throat / back .
have a (bad) cold (重)感冒
have a toothache 牙痛
have a fever 发烧
have a sore throat喉咙痛，咽喉痛
have a sore back 背痛
have a backache
have a headache 头痛
have a stomachache 胃痛；肚子痛
(用bad 表示程度“严重，厉害”)
have a（bad）headache 头痛得厉害
I have a stomachache 我胃痛
= I have got a stomachache
= There is something wrong with my stomach.
= My stomach hurts. ( hurt vi. 感到疼痛；有坏处；带来痛苦) = I have (got) a pain in my stomach. / pein /
I am sick .
1-3 难题
I am hungry ( thirsty ).
I am stressed out .
I am weak / tired.
1-4 感觉
How are you feeling now ?
I’m not feeling（very）well/ fine/all right.. 我觉得不太舒服
=I don’t feel very well.
= I’m feeling ill / sick.
=I feel terrible / bad.
I hope you feel better soon .
I feel sore all over . all over: 到处，遍及；浑身
2. neck and neck 并驾齐驱，齐头并进/ negenek/
3. go to bed early 早早上床睡觉
4. some conversation practice 一些对话练习
5. for example 例如
6. listen to music 听音乐
7. go to the party 去参加晚会
8. It’s + adj. + to do sth. (干某事怎么样)；
It’s +adj. + (for sb.) to do sth. (对某人来说干某事怎么样)；
—It’s difficul t to learn English well. (学好英语很难)
—It’s easy to do it.(做它很容易)
—It’s important for us to keep healthy. (对我们来说保持健康很重要。

)
9.
杯子里有些水，你可以喝。

There are few apples in the fridge, please go and buy some.
冰箱里没有多少苹果了，请去买些来。

10. lie down and rest 躺下休息
11.（go to）see a dentist /（the / a）doctor（去）看牙医/ 医生
12. drink lots of water 多喝水lots of = a lot of + 名词复数或不可数名词
have a drink喝一杯（酒，饮料等）
13. in western countries 在西方国家
14. hot tea with honey加蜂蜜的热茶
15. 表示同情
That’s too bad 太糟糕了。

(或描述状态糟糕)
I’m sorry to hear that.听到此事我很难过。

16. get /take / have (a /) some rest 多休息
17. I have no idea. = I don’t know. 我不知道
18. be / get stressed out 压抑；筋疲力尽
be / get tired累了。

be weak 虚弱
19. a healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式
20. traditional Chinese doctors传统中医
21. a balance of yin and yang阴阳调和/平衡
22. You have too much yin / yang. 你阴气/ 阳气太盛。

23. to eat a balance diet饮食平衡
24. healthy food 健康食品
25. stay health y保持健康
=keep health y
=keep in good health
= keep fit (fit adj. 健康的；合适的；恰当的；准备好的)
26. enjoy oneself (myself, yourself, herself, himself, themselves, ourselves, itself反身代
词) 玩得高兴，过得愉快
=have a good / wonderful / great time
= have fun
27.enjoy sth. =like sth. (名词) 喜欢某物,
enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事= like doing sth
practice doing sth.练习做某事，
mind doing sth. 介意做某事，
finish doing sth.完成某事，
give up doing sth.放弃做某事，
can’t help doing sth.忍不住做某事，
keep（on）doing sth. 坚持做某事. ..Documents and Settings/Administrator/Local Settings/Application Data/Yodao/DeskDict/frame/20131231172911/index.html - #继续做某事keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事
（keep在这里有“使……处于某状态”之意，doing的动作不是主语来完成，而是由宾语sb.来完成的。

）
be busy doing sth. 忙着做某事
be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事
make a contribution to doing sth.为..做贡献
( contribution [,kɑntrɪ'bjuʃən]../../../../Documents and Settings/Administrator/Local Settings/Application Data/Yodao/DeskDict/frame/20131231172911/index.html - # n. 贡献；捐献；投稿) go on doing sth. 继续做某事
forget doing sth.忘记做某事
remember doing sth. 记得做某事
spend....(in) doing sth. 花（时间）来做某事
prefer doing sthb.to doing sth.a比起（做sth.a...）来更愿意（做sthb...）
28. at the moment = now 此刻
29. Host family 东道家庭
30. Conversation practice. 会话练习。

【应掌握的句子】
1．A: What’s the matter? 你怎么了？
B: I have a bad cold. 我得了重感冒。

翻译：他怎么了？他胃痛。

魏芳怎么了？她背痛。

2．A: Maybe you should see a dentist. 或许你应该看牙医。

B: .That’s a good idea. 好主意。

That sounds like a good idea.听起来是个好主意。

I think so 我认为如此。

You are right. 你说得对。

I guess you’re right. 我认为你说得对。

翻译：我应该上床睡觉。

李平应该躺下休息。

我们不应该上课吃东西。

3. When you are tired, you shouldn’t go out at night. 疲倦时，晚上你不该外出。

翻译：他小的时候就知道应该努力学习。

他5岁就上学了。

我们进教室时，老师已经开始讲课了。

3-1 Should用法：should + 动词原形，“应该”
should n’t + 动词原形，“不应该”
1）表示义务或责任；“应该”
We should learn from each other. 我们应该互相学习。

We should help the aged. 我们应该帮助老人。

2）表示建议或劝告；“应该”
You should /You’d better give up smo king. 你应该（/ 最好）戒烟。

You shouldn’t /You’d better not go and ask your teacher.
你不应该去（你最好别去）问老师。

What should I do? 我该怎么办？
What shouldn’t I do? 我不该做什么？
What should you do? 你该怎么办？
What shouldn’t you do?你不该做什么？
【注】有时语气较强，含有命令的意味：
You should leave at once. 你应该马上离开。

3-2 had better用法：表示对别人的劝告、建议；
（常简略为'd better，是一固定词组)
had better + 动词原形，"最好"
had better not + 动词原形，"最好不"
Maybe you’d better drink some water. 或许你最好喝些水。

You’d better not eat more cookies. 你最好别在吃饼干了。

3-3 几个表示建议词词组的比较
“劝告、建议”语气由委婉到强烈：
（Maybe）You had better take exercise. You had better not eat junk food . （Maybe）You should take exercise. You should not eat junk food .
You must take exercise. You must not eat junk food .
Take exercise.Don’t eat junk food .
4．Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yang to be healthy.
传统中医认为我们需要阴阳调和以保持身体健康。

翻译：老师认为我们应该努力学习以取得好成绩。

我相信每天晚上睡眠8个小时很重要。

5．Eating Dangshen and Huangqi herbs is also good for this.
吃党参和黄芪等草本植物也对这有好处。

翻译：吃一些蔬菜和水果对你的健康有好处。

看电视太多对你的眼睛有害。

6．People who are too stressed out and angry may have too much yang.
太紧张易怒的人或许吃了太多的阳性食物。

1）much “很多”（+不可数名词）（仅说明量多）
too much “太多”（+不可数名词）（有过分之意）
many “很多”（+可数名词）（仅说明数量多）
too many “太多”（+可数名词）（有过分之意）
eat( too) much junk food
watch( too) much TV
(too) many apples
2）too “太”（+形容词）（强调程度，有过分之意）
too much “太过于”（+ 形容词）（程度有过分之意）
(too )much yang.
7．It’s easy to have a healthy lifestyle, and it’s important to eat a balanced diet.
有一个健康的生活方式很容易，饮食平衡是很重要的。

翻译：学好英语不是很容易的。

上课注意听讲是必要的。

完成作业也很重要。

9．I believe him, but I can’t believe in him.
他的话是真的，但是我不信任他这个人。

believe和believe in的区别用法
“believe”表示“相信（是真实的）”（对事）
“believe in”表示“相信（是诚实的），信任”（对人）
Do you believe what he said? 你相信他说的话吗？
I don’t believe he’s only 25. 我不相信他才25岁。

10．I am not feeling very well at the moment.这段时间我感觉不大好。

I’m tired and I have a lot of headaches. 我很疲劳，而且经常头痛。

11．I’m stressed out because my Mandarin isn’t improving.
我很容易紧张，因为普通话没有长进。

12．I practice play ing the piano every day.我每天练习弹钢琴。

翻译：他每天练习踢足球。

我们应该每天练习说英语。

13．She had finished writing the letter when I went in.
我进去时，她已经写完信了。

翻译：他踢完足球去游泳了。

我洗完餐具后去商店了。

14．The doctor asked him to give up smoking.医生叫他戒烟。

翻译：不要放弃学英语。

15．Do you mind closing the window? 请把窗户关上好吗？
Would you mind closing the window?
翻译：在这里吸烟你介意吗？
16．Mary couldn’t help laughing at his jokes.
对于他的玩笑，玛莉忍不住笑了。

翻译：听到这个消息，我忍不住哭了起来。

17．They kept working though it was raining.尽管天在下雨，他们仍坚持工作。

翻译：我们应该坚持学英语。

18．I hope you feel better soon.我希望你很快好起来。

翻译：我希望他明天能来。

Unit2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks
Ⅰ短语或词组
1. Clean-Up Day 清洁日
2. an old people’s home 养老院
3. help out with sth. 帮助解决困难
4. used to 曾经… … ;过去_
5. care for 关心;照顾
6. the look of joy 快乐的表情
7. at the age of 在......岁时8. clean up 打扫(或清除)干净
9. cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振奋10. give out 分发;散发
11. come up with=think of =f ind out= think up =have… 想出;提出
12. make a plan 制订计划13. make some notices 做些公告牌14. try out 试用;试行
15. work for 为…工作;为…. 效力16. put up =put sth. on the wall建造;举起;张贴
17. hand out 分发;散发;发给18. call up 打电话;召集
19. put off 推迟;延迟20. for example 比如;例如
21. raise money 筹钱;募捐22. take after 与......相像;像
23. give away 赠送;捐赠24. fix up= repair sth. 修理;修补;解决
25. be similar to sb= take after sb.= look like sb. 与……相似
26. set up 建立;设立27. disabled people 残疾人 28. make a difference 影响;有作用
29. be able to 能够30. after-school reading program课外阅读项目
32. look after= take care of = care for 照料, 照顾
33.work out fine 结局很好34. at once= right away 立刻,马上
35.work outside在外工作36. help homeless people帮助无家可归的人
37.at a food bank在食物储蓄站38.put sth. to us 把…投入使用
39. give away sth. to sb. = donate sth. to sb.赠送某人某物
e up sth.= run out of= don’t have any more sth.用完, 用尽
41.sb. spend time (in) doing sth. = It takes sb. +st .+ to do sth. 花时间做某事
42.be hungry 饥饿的die of hunger 死于饥饿
43.less (后缀表否定) – ful (表肯定)
homeless无家可归的nameless 匿名的careless粗心的careful 细心的
44. at the primary school 在小学45. help sick/lonely/disabled/blind/deaf people 46.Volunteer Day志愿日47.volunteer to do sth. 志愿做某事
48. make it possible使….成为可能49. answer the telephone 接电话
50.a friend of mine= one of my friends 51.feel lucky / good luck
52. best wishes for sb. with/to sth.
Ⅱ、用法集萃
1.need to do sth. 需要做某事
2.make plans to do sth. 制订计划做某事
3.ask sb.（not）to do sth. 要求某人（不要）做
ed to do sth. 过去常常做某事
5.give up+时间+to do sth. 放弃时间去做某事
6.get a feeling of… 有……感觉
7.decide to do sth.决定做某事
8.help sb. （to）do sth. 帮助某人做某事
9.make a difference to 对……产生影响
10.make it possible for sb. to do sth. 使得做某事对
Ⅲ、重点句型
1. The boy could give out food at the food bank.
这个男孩可以在食品救济站分发食物。

2. Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now.清洁日离现在仅仅两周的时间。

3. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning
每周六上午,他都在一'家动物医院当志愿者。

4. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.
去年,她决定去参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者的选拔。

5. . . . you can see in their eyes that they’ re going on a different journey with each new book.
……从他们的眼睛里你可以看到他们正在进行每本不同的新书之旅。

6. I want to put off my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer.
我想把我在动物医院工作的计划推迟到明年夏天。

7.Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs to make lots of money.
现在的大部分人只是为找一份能挣许多钱的好工作而着急。

8. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.
在你的帮助下,我才有可能拥有“幸运儿”。

Ⅳ、知识点
1. sick 生病的，有病的；可在句中作表语Mary could not come because she is sick.也
可作定语a sick child
【区别ill】ill与sick同义；但是只在句中做表语，不做定语。

Mary could not come because she is ill.
2. alone 【形容词】独自一人的，无感情色彩：
lonely （感到）孤独寂寞的，带有很强的感情色彩，可做表语或定语。

Eg: The musician enjoyed living alone and writing songs himself.
The lonely boy is not lonely now.
3. such “这样的，这种，如此”，用于修饰名词
such+ a/ an+形容词+单数名词：such+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词：
so +形容词/副词+many, much, few, little +that. (so +形容词/副词+ a/an+名词+that…)
如果名词前被many, much, few, little修饰时，只能用so，而不用such：
so many sick children/ so little time
4. try out for…参加?选拔，try out试用，试验
争取成为?Thirty football players tried out for the Best Player of the year.
5. journey 【名词】（尤指长途）旅行，行程；trip【名词】多指短途旅行；
travel【名词、动词】travel around the world →【名词】traveler旅行者
6. raise money集资，筹钱；raise money for…为??筹钱
raise【动词】举起；提高；募集
7. keep【动词】keep+名词，保留（某物）；keep+形容词，保持
8..【形容词】broken破损的，出毛病的；blind瞎的，失明的；deaf聋的；disabled 有残疾的，丧失能力的在句中做定语和表语：
9. make it possible (for sb.) to do sth.使（某人）做某事成为可能，
make it +形容词(+for sb.) to do sth. 使（某人）做某事成为?；
think/find it +形容词to do sth.
You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.
10. make a difference to…对??有影响；对??有作用，difference前可以用no, any, some, much等修饰，如：The rain made no difference to the game. Hard-working makes much difference to study.
11. order【名词】命令，指示；顺序，次序【动词】订购；点（菜）。

12. change【动词】变化，改变It’s hard fo r a person to change his life(style).
【名词】变化；零钱change A for B用A换成B：
When you travel in China, remember to change US dollars for RMB.
13.. repair 【动词】修理，修补；fix【动词】安装；使固定【fix up修理=repair】
A. 作主语—为避免句子的头重脚轻，常用it作为形式主语，而真正的主语动词不定式后置。

常用句型：It +be+adj./n.+(for/of sb.) to do sth./It takes sb. some time to do sth.
B. 作宾语——动词want, decide, hope, ask, agree, choose, learn, plan, need, teach, prepare…常接动词不定式作宾语。

C. 作（后置）定语—常用于“have/has＋sth.＋to do”或“enough＋名＋to do”“It’s time to do sth.”等结构中。

D. 作宾语补足语——tell, ask, want, invite, teach, like, call等可接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，构成tell/ask/want /call/invite sb. to do sth.结构。

【注意】动词不定式作使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语时应省去to：“一感(feel)，二听(listen to, hear)，三让(let, make, have,，四看(look at, see, watch, notice)，半帮助(help)”。

E. 动词不定式作状语:主要用来修饰动词，表示目的，结果或原因。

为了强调目的，有时可以把动词不定式放在句首，或在不定式前加in order (to) 或so as (to) “为了，目的是”。

常用结构有too + adj./adv. + to do sth.等。

F. 固定句式中动词不定式的用法
常见的有：had better (not) do sth./Would you like to do sth.?/Why not do sth.?/Would you please (not) do sth.?等。

Unit3 Could you please clean your room?
Section A
1.Peter ,could you please take out the trash? 彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗？
【解析1】Could you please do sth ?请你（做）......好吗？
用于提出请求，希望得到对方的肯定回答，说话的语气比较客气委婉。

Could 不是can的过去式，是委婉、礼貌的说法。

回答用can.
【常用答语】肯定回答：Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem.
否定回答：Sorry , I can’t
【解析2】take out 取出（v+ adv）
【注】: 跟代词做宾语，代词放中间；跟名词做宾语，可放在中间，也可放在后边
【短语】take out the trash 倒垃圾take a walk 散步take away 拿走，取走
take back 收回take place 发生take off 脱下；起飞
The gift is in the box. You can take it out.
2. Can you do the dishes.？那你可以洗盘子吗？do the dishes 洗碗
【结构1】do the +名词：do the dishes/ laundry 洗餐具/衣服
【结构2】do the +动词-ing do the cleaning 打扫卫生
【结构3】do one’s + 名词do one’s housework/ homework 做家务/家庭作业
【结构4】do some +动词-ing do some reading/ shopping 读写书/购物
3.Could I at least finish watching this show? 至少让我看完这个节目可以吗？
【解析1】Could I do a sth? 我可以做......吗？用于表达请求，语气比较委婉。

Could I go out with my classmate this weekend?
【解析2】at least 至少，多指数量或程度上的最低限度。

(反) at most 至少，不超过
【解析3】finish v 结束；完成finish doing sth 做完某事
4.I think two hours of TV is enough for you! 我觉得你看两个小时的电视已经足够了。

【解析1】two hours of TV表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时，通常被视作整体，谓语动词用单数形式。

How time is flies! Three years _______(be) really a short time.
足够的，充分的（在句中作定语或表语）
I don’t have enough money with me.
足够；充分（放在形容词；副词后）
The river is deep enough for swimming. 【记】Mr. Smith has enough money ,but he isn’t kind enough to help others.
【注意】enough 修饰名词时，置于名词前；修饰形容词时，置于形容词之后。

5.Could you take out the rubbish,fold the clothes and do the dishes?
你能把垃圾倒了。

把衣服叠好，再把碗洗了吗？【解析】take out 拿出；取出
Take this medicine three times a day.
take
作副词
They usually take the bus to work.
It takes me two hours to do my homework every day.
【拓展】take 构成的短语：
take a walk 去散步 take a rest 休息 take care of 照顾 take off 脱下；起飞
take up 占据 take down 拿下 take one’s time 不急；慢慢来
take one’s temperature 量体温
6. The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over .
我刚坐在电视机前面，我妈妈就过来了。

【解析1】the minute = as soon as “一...... 就......”
Please write to me the minute you get there. 【解析2】 in front of
【辨析】
【记】 The driver sat ________________ the car.
The policeman stood ___________ the car.
【注意】有the 无the 区别大：
at table 吃饭；进餐
at the tabel 在桌边
in hospital 住院
in the hospital 在医院（不一定看病）
【解析3】come over 过来
【拓展】 come 短语：
come across （偶然）发现 come back 回来 come up with 想出
come true 实现 come down 下来 come from=be from 来自,出生于
come in/into 进入,进来 come on 赶快,加油 come along 走吧,过来,快点
come and go 来来去去 come up 上来 come out 出来，(花)开，(照片)冲洗出来
7. You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house! 你总是看电视，从不帮忙做家务！【解析】all the time = always 一直；总是
【拓展】与time 相关的短语：
on time 按时 in time 及时 at the same time 同时
form time to time 偶尔 the first time 第一次 at times 有时
time and time again 一再；经常 last time 上次 next time 下次
8. I’m just as tired as you are! 我和你一样累！
【解析】as...as ... 和......一样......
【注】比较级倍数表达句型为：倍数+as+形容词、副词原级+as+比较对象
【解析】考查主谓一致和动词时态。

题干主语中心词为介词短语as well as 之前的musician ， 故
谓语使用单数
9. For one week , she did not do any housework and neither did I.
一周的时间，她不做任何家务，我也不做。

【解析】neither +助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语“某人（主语）也不”
⑴neither两者都不neither …nor… 既不…也不…,
连接两个词做主语，谓语动词由后一个主语确定Neither Tom nor Jim is a student
⑵表达“…也不……”则用“Neither /Nor + be / V助/ V情+ 主”
10. The next day , my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy.
第二天，妈妈下班回到家后发现房间很干净、整洁。

【解析】find +宾语+宾语补足语
【注】find →found →found v寻找(1) find sb. doing sth 发现某人做某事
(2) find it + adj. + to do sth 发现做某事很……
◆find it difficult/ hard to do sth 发现做某事很困难
11. She asked in surprise.她吃惊地问道。

【解析】in surprise 惊奇地；吃惊地
surprise v 使吃惊→surprising adj. 令人吃惊的→surprised adj. 吃惊的
to one’s surprise 使某人吃惊的是in surprise 吃惊地be surprised at 对……感到吃惊
12. “I’m do sorry, Mom. I finish understand that we need to share the housework to have a clean and comfortable home.” I replied. “对不起，妈妈。

我终于理解为了拥有一个干净、舒适的家我们需要共同来分担家务。

” 我回答说。

【解析1】need v 需要用于肯定句，是实义动词。

(1)人做主语，sb. need to do sth 某人需要做某事
(2)物做主语，sth need doing sth= sth need to be done
用于否定句或疑问句，是情态动词
(1)needn’t = don’t have to 没有必要
(2)need ,must 引导的一般疑问句，肯定会的用must,否定回答用needn’t
— Must I go there now? — Yes，you must/No, you needn’t
share sth 分享或共用某物share sth with sb. 与某人分享某物
13.Could I hang out with my friends after the movie?看完电影后我能和朋友们一起闲逛吗？
【解析】hang out 闲逛hang up 把......悬挂/挂起
14. Could you please pass me the salt?你能把盐递给我吗？
【解析】pass ⑴v 给；递；走过；通过pass sb.sth 把某物递给某人Pass on 传递
Please pass the paper on to the other students.
⑵v 通过；路过I pass your home. ⑶v 通过（考试）；及格Tom can pass his math exam.
15.Could I borrow that book?我能借下你那本书看吗
Could you lend me some money?你能借我一些钱吗？
【解析】borrow /lend/keep
(1)borrow 借入,与from 连用，尤指主语“【借进来”】
borrow sth from sb. 从某人那里借某物You can borrow the book from the library.
(2)lend 借出,与to 搭配【指借出去】lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人
He doesn’t wan t to lend his book to others.
(3)keep 保留，保存（延续动词，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用）【指借一段时间】【记】I want to __________ a bike from my friend but he didn’t ____ it to me, Because Tom had _____ it for two days.
16. I cut my finger and I’m trying not to get it wet.我的手指割伤了，伤口不能弄湿。

【解析】try (not) to do sth努力（不）做某事。

try v 试图，设法，努力
【拓展】(1)try on 试穿(2) try to do sth 努力做某事【侧重尽力做】
(3) try doing sth 试图做某事【侧重尝试做】
(4)try one’s best to do sth= do one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事
17. I hate to do chores.我讨厌做家务。

【解析】hate to do sth 讨厌做某事, 表示某次具体行为或动作。

I hate to trouble him.
hate doing sth不愿意做某事表示经常或习惯性行为或动作。

She hates smoking in her room.
18.Could I ask you to help me with some chores then? 那我能请求你帮我做些杂活吗？【解析】ask sb. to do sth 要求某人做某事。

ask for 请求，要某物ask sb. about sth 向某人询问关于某事
(1)ask sb. for help 向某人请求帮助(2) ask sb. (not) to do sth请求某人做某事
19.I’ll finish my homework while you help me with the dishes.
当你帮我洗盘子的时候，我将完成我的家庭作业。

【解析1】finish doing sth 完成某事
【解析2】while conj. “在……期间；当……的时候”
While 引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续动词。

【解析3】help sb. with sth. 在某事上帮助某人。

【注】help v帮助→helpful adj. 有帮助的
(1)help sb. do sth. =help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事
(2)w ith the help of sb.=with one’s help在某人的帮助之下
(3)without the help of 没有在…的帮助之下
Unit3 Could you please clean your room?课文重难点讲解Section B
1. Could I invite my friends to a party? 我能邀请我的朋友们来聚会吗？
【解析】invite sb. to Sp. 邀请某人去某地
【解析】invite v →invitation n邀请(1) invite sb. to do sth 邀请某人做某事
(2)invite sb. to +地点邀请某人去某地
You should refuse his __________(invite) .He is really friendly.
①We invited him _______(join) us to practice speaking English.
②He invited a lot of friends _________(come) to his birthday party.
2. No, you can’t have a party. 不，你不能举办聚会。

【解析】can’t 不能；不会
3.I don’t understand why some parents make their kids help with housework and chores at home. 我不理解为什么有些父母在家让孩子们帮忙做家务和杂务。

【解析】make sb. do sth 让某人做某事make→made→made v. 做，制作，使得
(1) make sb/sth + 形容词“让某人或某物…” make you happy
(2) make sb/sth do sth 使某人做某事make me laugh.
【make短语】:
make sure 确信make a dialogue编对话
make a mistake犯错误(by mistake由于疏忽)
make a noise吵闹make faces做鬼脸
make friends (with)和..交朋友make room for给..让地方
make tea沏茶make money赚钱make a decision作出决定
make the bed 整理床铺make a living 谋生make fun of = laugh at 取笑
4.They don’t have time to study and do housework，too 他们也没有时间来学习家务和做家务。

【解析】have time to do sth.有时间做某事have time =be free 有空
5. Housework is a waste of their time. 做家务是在浪费他们的时间。

【解析】a waste of 浪费a waste of time 浪费时间 a waste of money 浪费金钱
waste v “浪费” waste time/money on sth
waste time / money (in) doing sth 在做某事上花费时间/金钱
6.They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university.为了取得好成绩并考上一所好大学，他们应该把时间用在学习上。

【解析1】spend... on sth 在某事上花费......spend/pay/cost/take 花费
(1)spen d→spent→spent v 花费,主语是人
◆sb.+ spend +时间/钱+on sth◆sb. +spend +时间/钱+（in）doing sth◆spend on= pay for 支付
He spends too much time on the computer games.
(2) pa y →pai d →paid v 支付，主语是人◆sb.+ pay + 钱+for sth I pay 10 yuan for the book.
(3) cost→cost→cost v 花费，主语是某物或某事
◆sth cost sb. +钱某物花费某人多少钱A new computer costs me a lot of money.
(4)tak e→took →taken v 花费
◆It takes /took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间
It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.
【解析2】in order to “目的是；为了” 后接动词原形。

in order to do sth 为了做某事
【解析3】get into =enter 进入
【拓展】与get相关的短语：get up 起床get back 返回get over 克服
get dressed穿衣get into进入get/be lost丢失get off/on下/上车
get on well with sb.与某人相处得好get out of从…出来get warm 变暧
get ready for +n.为…做准备get ready to do sth.准备做某事
get well康复get a chance 有机会、得到机会
get/go to sleep(fall asleep)入睡相关：(be asleep睡着)
7.Also,when they get older, they will have to do housrwork so there’s no need for them to do it now.而且，当他们长大的时候，他们也将会做家务，因此，他们没必要现在在做。

【解析】get older 长大get/ become/ go辨析：
⑴ get+adj较多地与形容词比较级连用。

The days are getting longer and longer.
⑵become 强调变化的结果It's becoming colder and colder.
⑶go+adj.''表示令人不快的事情go bad变坏，go blind变瞎，go hungry挨饿
8. It is the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children. 在家为孩子们提供一个干净、舒适的环境是父母的义务。

【解析】provide sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物
provide v 提供provide sb. with sth. (sb 前介词用for)
=provide sth for sb.( sth 前需加介词with)供应某人某物
And anyway, I think doing chores is not so difficult.
无论如何，我认为做家务并不那么难。

【解析】anyway 无论如何, (一般放在句首，用逗号和句子隔开）
10.I think it is important for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework. 我认为对孩子们来说，学习如何做杂务并帮助他们的父母做家务是很重要的。

【解析】It is important for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是重要的
11.Children these days depend on their parents too much.
现在的孩子太依赖他们的父母。

【解析】depend on 依靠；信赖
12. ... Everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy. 每个人都有责任保持家里的干净和整洁。

【解析1】do one’s part 尽职责；尽本分Do one’s part in doing sth 在做某事上尽职责
【解析2】keep +sth /sb. +adj. “使......处于某种状态”
keep 系动词“保持”keep + adj . We must keep healthy.实义动词“保持；继续”
(1) keep ( on ) doing sth 继续做某事He was in great pain but he kept on working
(2) keep sb. Doing sth 让某人一直做某事I’m sorry to have kept you waiting for so long. 13. Doing chores helps to develop childr en’s independence and teaches them how to look after themselves.
做杂务不仅可以培养孩子们的独立性还可以教他们如何照顾自己。

【解析】develop independence 培养独立意识
develop v→development n发展→developing adj.发展的→developed adj. 发达的
a developing country 一个发展中国家a developed country 一个发达国家
14. Since they live in one house with their parents, they should know that everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.
既然他们和父母同住在一个房子里，他们应该知道保持家里干净、整洁每个人都应该参与。

【解析】since conj. 既然(表示对方已知的事实或理由，常放在句首）
14.Our neighbor’s son got into a good college but during his first year, he had n idea how to take care of himself. 我们邻居的儿子上一所好大学，但是在第一年的时候，他还不知道如何照顾自己。

【解析】take care of 照顾
【拓展】与take相关的短语：
take photos/pictures 照像take away拿走take out取出(work out算出) take care当心
take medicine服药take place发生take one’s temperature量体温
take one’s time别着急take a walk散步
15.As a result , he often fell ill and his grades dropped. 结果，他常常生病，功课也落下了。

【解析1】as a result 结果（插入语，放在句首，用逗号隔开）
【解析2】fall ill 生病fall asleep 入睡
16.The earlier kids learn to be independent , the better it is for their future.
孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来越好。

【解析】the + 比较级，the + 比较级“越...... 越...... ”
Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?
Language points
1)allow v. 允许；准许
allow doing sth 允许做某事
e.g. We don’t allow smoking in our house. 我们不允许在家里抽烟。

allow sb. （not）to do sth. (不)允许某人做某事（在中考单选中常考）
e.g. My parents don’t allow me to stay up late. 我父母不允许我熬夜。

Mr. Smith allowed Mike to drive there. 史密斯先生允许迈克开车去那里。

2) big deal, deal
big deal 表示“重要的事情或状况”，多用于非正式交流。

作否定时，常说It’s not a bi g deal或It’s no big deal.没有什么了不起。

e.g. There's a soccer game on TV this evening but I don’t have to watch it. It’s no big deal. 今天
晚上电视上有一场足球赛，但我不一定要看。

It’s a big deal, David, bigger than you know.
这事挺重要的，戴维，比你所知道的要重要。

What's the big deal? It’s only a birthday, not the end of the world.
有什么了不起的？这不过是个生日，又不是世界某日。

3) work out
work out 解决（问题）；算出。