2019-2020学年上海市闵行区梅陇中学高三英语一模试卷及答案

2019-2020学年上海市闵行区梅陇中学高三英语一模试卷及答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
WashingtonDCBusTours
DC Highlights Tour
This is their base tour. It begins at 10 am daily and lasts for 5 hours. This part-bus, part-walking tour includes guided stops in theUS. All of their tours include a driver as well as a tour guide, and yourtour guide will get off the bus and give you walking tours of each stop, while your bus and driver wait for you. Capitol Building, the White House, Washington Monument as well as the Lincoln and MLK Memorials and the Vietnam War and Korean War Veterans Memorials.
$54—Adult I $44—Child (3—12)
Discover DC Tour
If you want pretty much to explore every famous monument and landmark in DC and take a 1 -hour cruise on thePotomac River, then consider the Discover DC Tour. This 6-hour tour will take you to all locations (景点) listed on their DC Highlights Tour as well as the World WarⅡMemorial, the Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial, and the Thomas Jefferson Memorial.
TIP: If you are planning on visiting NYC, you will get 30% off the Discover NYC Tour (normally $100) if you buy it at the same time as your Discover DC Tour.
$74—Adult I $54—Child (3—12)
VIP ExclusiveWashingtonDCCity Tour
This 8-hour tour is actually the Discover DC Tour above with a VIP add-on at the beginning and the end. You * 11 meet your guide early for reserved (预留)tickets to tour inside the US Capitol Building. The 45 -minute tour and film have reserved tickets so you don't have to worry about it being sold out. After your day of sightseeing, you 'll be dropped off at the National Archives, again with reserved time tickets so you don't have to worry about waiting in line.
$125 for Adults and Children
Skyview Changeable Bus Tour
On this changeable mini bus, you get to experience a guided tour with panoramic views (全景)without the
glare of a window in the photos! A guided bus tour takes you not only through all locations listed on the DC Highlights Tour, but also Old Town Alexandria andNationalHarbor.
$69—Adult I $59—Child (3—12)
Time: 9 am—4 pm
1. What's special about the DC Highlights Tour?
A. It uses mini buses.
B. It has the fewest locations.
C. It has the most tour guides.
D. It provides reserved tickets.
2. How much should a man pay if he buys the Discover DC Tour and the Discover NYC Tour at the same time?
A. $128.
B. $174.
C. $104.
D. $144.
3. Which tour lasts the longest?
A. DC Highlights Tour.
B. Discover DC Tour.
C. VIP ExclusiveWashingtonDCCity Tour.
D. Skyview Changeable Bus Tour.
B
Recycling plastic has always been a stop-start effort, and the wide variety of plastics we produce, the pollution from waste, and other limitations make recycling an economic(经济) problem. It’s estimated(估计)only 9% of plastic ever created has been recycled. But with the help of a chemical process, Canadian Miranda Wang and her company BioCellection want to change that.
Stability is one of plastic greatest qualities and downside. There's limited evidence that some plastics can biodegrade (生物降解)but largely photo-plastics degrade in the sun. It’s a long process, and the truth is that we can only estimate how long it takes. Wang is looking to break the inaction and BioCellection's task is to make most plastic waste recyclable.
She outlines two current methods. One is to take plastics like water bottles, wash them, cut them, melt and reconstitute them. “That's a very limited process” she says, due to the requirement that plastics be “clean” . The other, which can handle dirtier plastics and a level of pollution, is called hydrolysis(热解). Intense heat is applied to break down plastics so they can be reused as oils for energy, but “it’s not economical,’’ she says.
BioCellection’s solution builds on research from over ten years ago, Wang explains, when a US studydiscovered pure polyethylene powder (聚乙烯粉)could be broken down by a catalyst (催化剂). Wang and her co-founder Jean hit upon a bacterium being able to eat plastic. In the years since, they engineered a comparable catalyst capable of doing the same job, only faster, which even works on plastics no one else can recycle at present. “We have now found a catalyst that is much cheaper than the one that was used before, Wang
says.
Currently focusing on plastic films like shopping hags, the three-hour process breaks clown plastic into chemicals that can act as the building blocks for more complex plastic products.
“Right now we’re able to achieve about 70% transformation from plastic waste material to these chemicals,” she adds, saying they’re working to increase that figure.
4. Why has so little plastic been recycled?
A. Plastic is chemically stable.
B. Recycling plastic led to pollution.
C. We produced various plastics.
D. Most photo-plastics degrade in the sun.
5. What does Wang think of the two current methods?
A. Highly effective and dynamic.
B. Expensive and pollution-causing.
C. Limited and energy-consuming.
D. Widely used and recognized.
6. What did BioCellection find effective to recycle plastics?
A. Polyethylene powder.
B. Chemical products.
C. Plastic films.
D. A catalyst.
7. What is the text mainly about?
A. Miranda Wang and her company.
B. A new plastic recycling method.
C. The greatest downside of plastic.
D. Transformation of plastic waste.
C
A world in which extinct creatures could be brought back to life came a step closer yesterday. Australian scientists have managed to extract a gene from a preserved sample of a Tasmanian tiger and make it active. Thebreakthroughhas left them dreaming that one day they will be able to recreate the animal, which died out more than 70 years ago. And if it can be done with the Tasmanian tiger, it may also be possible to resurrect (复活) creatures that have been extinct for far longer.
“There used to be a time when extinction meant forever, but no more, ” said Professor Mike Archer. “We are now able to seriously challenge whether those animals that have gone for ever. What has been achieved is a very important step in bringing back those animals that are extinct. And while I think that technically it is still pretty difficult at the moment, we can now see the possibilities. I’m personally convinced that the Tasmanian tiger will be brought back to life in my lifetime.”
The breakthrough came after nine years of experiments by scientists at the University of Melbourne, who extracted a gene from one of several tigers preserved in alcohol in a Melbourne museum. They removed the
equivalent gene from a mouse embryo implanted the tiger gene and then watched as the mouse continued to grow normally, suggesting the tiger gene had been activated.
Team leader Dr. Andrew Pask said it was the first time DNA from an extinct species had been used to “induce (引起) a functional response in another living organism”.
However, the animal’s entire gene structure would have to be revived in the same way to even begin the possibility of bringing the Tasmanian tiger back from the dead.
Mick Mooney, a wildlife officer ofthe Tasmanian Government, was worried that such developments could encourage people’s indifference to the protection of endangered species.
“If people think that we can bring animals back to life after they’ve gone, they will start saying that there is nothing to worry about because we can fix it up later.”
8. What does the underlined word “breakthrough” in the l paragraph refer to?
A. Scientists have recreated new animals.
B. Scientists have resurrected endangered animal.
C. It has turned out that some creatures would not go extinct.
D. A tiger gene has been extracted successfully and activated.
9. Scientists are carrying out the experiments in order to ________.
A. bring extinct animals back to life
B. transplant the genes of tigers into other animals
C. find out what factors lead to the animals’ extinction
D. find a new way to extract animals’ DNA
10. Mike Archer thinks that ________.
A. scientists now have no technological difficulty reconnecting extinct animals
B. it’ll be a century or so before a Tasmanian tiger walks on the earth again
C. humans have come closer in reconnecting extinct animals
D. reconnecting extinct animals is impossible
11. We can learn from Mick Mooncy’s words that_________.
A. he thought it unnecessary to worry about endangered animals
B. his opinion is in contrast with that of the Tasmanian Government
C. he thought people should be encouraged to protect endangered animals
D. he is concerned that bringing extinct animals back to life may have a negative effect
D
The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conductedin Youngstown，Ohio，for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another，employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Instituteof Technology(MIT)have taken it a step further changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse，even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.＂We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,＂explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.
One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow(发光)in experiments using some common vegetables. Strano’s team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light，about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by，is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps.
In the future，the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off＂switch＂where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.
Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source(电源)-such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost during transmission(传输).Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.
12. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. A new study of different plants.
B. A big fall in crime rates.
C. Employees from various workplaces.
D. Benefits from green plants.
13. What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineer?
A. To detect plants’ lack of water
B. To change compositions of plants
C. To make the life of plants longer.
D. To test chemicals in plants.
14. What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future?
A. They will speed up energy production.
B. They may transmit electricity to the home.
C. They might help reduce energy consumption.
D. They could take the place of power plants.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Can we grow more glowing plants?
B. How do we live with glowing plants?
C. Could glowing plants replace lamps?
D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free?
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
Tips to Fight the Fear of Being Laughed at
Being laughed at or joked about can happen no matterwhat language you are learning. And it may make some learners nervous about speaking their new language.___16___.
Relax; be patient with yourself
Oshiberu teaches English inWashingtonD.C.and she says you need to remind yourself that you are learning the language, so it is normal to make mistakes.___17___. She also suggests learners avoid setting learning goals that are too strict.
Practice your speaking skills
Melendez is a Spanish learner and also an English language teacher. She says practice is one of the best ways to deal with fear. She suggests doing role plays. In a role play,two or more people act out an imaginary situation. She says if you are unable to find a practice partner, you can practice in your head or you can talk out loud.___18___. That way, you can listen for mistakes and correct them.
Don't be afraid to ask questions
If you are worried about what to do in the moment when someone makes a joke, the solution can be simple: kindly ask the person the reason for the laughter. Melendez says the issue could be something very simple. Then, once you know the issue, you can bring the information to a trusted person, such as a friend or practice partner.___19___.
Keep a sense of humor
___20___. Josh Plotkin is a Brazilian who operates a website and teaches foreigners how to improve their spoken Portuguese. He says you might even laugh with the person who is laughing or making the joke. This may feel strange at first but gets easier with time.
A. She advises not to be too hard on yourself
B. And you can ask them to help you correct it
C. You can practice the questions on your friend
D. However, experts say there are ways to overcome those feelings
E. Ideas like these can hurt your progress and be a barrier to fluency
F. Oshiberu says another solution is to record your voice as you train by yourself
G. Keeping a sense of humor can make process of learning a language more fun
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Shoveling (铲) the snow had always been the best part about winter. Not that I thought it was fun, but I___21___the thought of my dad having to do it aftera___22___day of work. So I took it upon myself at eight years old. Every time I saw those white particles fall from the___23___, I would run and___24___my jacket, snow boots, and gloves to___25___myself for the work ahead. But every single time,___26___I went outside, I would stop by my older sister’s room to see if she___27___to help me. I knew she would say no, but I always___28___anyway.
One day there was a lot of snow. There was no___29___I would be able to clean it all up myself, so I did the____30____and knocked on my sister’s door. As I ____31____, she gave me the same old “no”. I stood there____32____for a second. All I wanted was some____33____, and the more I recollected every “no” she had ever said to me, the____34____I became. I shouted, “You’re an awful sister and daughter, and nobody needs you!”
Then, I set out in the cold to tackle (对付) the enemy that____35____in my driveway. I fought____36____, my short arms swinging back and forth while the wind____37____against my cheeks. However, after one long hour, I was not even halfway done. Completely____38____, I dropped the shovel into the victorious snow, and went inside to lie down on the sofa.
After a short break, I____39____the sofa, ran to the window and looked outside. In the middle of the driveway, my sister was shoveling the snow. The feeling of seeing her was____40____.
21. A.shaped B.followed C.considered D.hated
22. A.long B.simple C.dull D.lonely
23. A.post B.hill C.sky D.ceiling
24. A.took on B.put on C.got on D.tried on
25. A.enjoy B.cheer C.prepare D.occupy
26. A.before B.after C.while D.since
27. A.promised B.wanted C.managed D.hesitated
28. A.regretted B.forgot C.permitted D.asked
29. A.excuse B.need C.way D.doubt
30. A.routine B.exercise C.survey D.favor
31. A.agreed B.required C.expected D.confirmed
32. A.silently B.anxiously C.patiently D.excitedly
33. fort B.help C.advice D.praise
34. A.prouder B.stronger C.sadder D.angrier
35. A.survived y C.arrived D.hid
36. A.aimlessly B.carelessly C.tirelessly D.breathlessly
37. A.leaned B.went C.fought D.cut
38. A.impressed B.defeated C.moved D.changed
39. A.rose from B.sat on C.glanced at D.slid into
40. A.unbearable B.insecure C.uneasy D.indescribable
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
An organization has taken measures___41.___(add) chopsticks to the Shanghai Intangible Cultural Heritage list recently. Xu Hualong, chairman of the organization, says chopsticks are increasingly ignored in modernChinadespite the fact___42.___they are unique Chinese items.China’s neighborJapan___43.___(set) aside August 4th as Chopstick Day already.
Chopstick culture inShanghaidates back to the Tang Dynasty, when these items___44.___(make) in theCityGodTemplearea, enjoyed widespread popularity.
After opening as a commercial port, Shanghai is proud of___45.___(have) the first mechanized (机械化的) production line for chopsticks,___46.___are not only supplied to Zhongnanhai and Diaoyutai State Guesthouse
but also presented to foreign friends___47.___gifts.
At least 1.8 billion people___48.___(current) use chopsticks worldwide. Chopsticks, though small, serve as___49.___means to pass down Chinese civilization.____50.____is believed that recognizing the cultural value of the custom matters in the promotion of Chinese traditions.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下短文。

短文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。

错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Ⅱ），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

My parents were singers but none of them played a musical instrument.There was an old piano in my school.I loved it so much that I could keep my hands off,but it was clear that I didn’t know how I was doing.One day,a teacher realized that I wanted to learn how to play a piano.She ended up gave me lessons after school.At the end of the term,I performed at the school concert.Two years late,my music teacher said to me,“There's nothing much more to teach you.From now on,you needed a better teacher and a better piano.”I did as told.Eventual,I was admitted into a school of music for student.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.高中是人生一个非常重要的阶段，你现在是入学不久的高一新生，请你用英语写一篇搞好高中学习、生活的计划。

注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

参考答案
1. B
2. D
3. C
4. A
5. C
6. D
7. B
8. D 9. A 10. C 11. D
12. D 13. A 14. C 15. C
16. D 17. A 18. F 19. B 20. G
21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. C 32.
A 33.
B 34. D 35. B 36.
C 37.
D 38. B 39. A 40. D
41. to add
42. that 43. has set
39 made 44. having
45. which 46. as
47. currently
48. a 49. It
51.(1).none 改为neither
考查不定代词。

我的父母都不会乐器。

我的父母是两个人，“两者都不”，要用neither,而none是三者及以上“都不”，故要把none 改为neither。

(2).添加not
考查语境。

根据上文可知虽然作者的父母都不会乐器，但作者却非常喜欢学校里的那架旧钢琴以致于我手离不开它。

分析句子可知是不能离开，而不是能离开，故要加not。

(3).how 改为what
考查连词。

but it was clear that I didn’t know how I was doing本句中doing缺少宾语，所以不能用how,而要用what.。

因此要把how改为what。

(4).a 改为the.
考查定冠词。

Play the piano是固定用法，“弹钢琴”，故要把a 改为the。

(5).gave 改为giving.
考查固定用法。

End up doing sth，最终处于….状态。

最终在我放学后给我上钢琴课。

因此要把gave改为giving。

(6).late 改为later
考查固定用法。

Two years later为固定用法，“两年后”。

故把late改为later。

(7).删除much
考查语境。

我再没有什么可以教你了。

根据句意可知much多余，因此去掉。

(8).needed 改need
考查谓语动词的时态。

你现在需要一个更好的老师和一架更好的钢琴。

是现在而不是过去需要，故要用一般现在时，因此要把needed改为need.
(9).Eventual 改为Eventually
考查副词。

根据句意是最后我被一所音乐学校录取了。

可知是作状语的，故要用副词Eventually。

(10). students.
考查名词的复数。

我是音乐学院里的其中的一个学生。

是许多学生。

故要用students
52.略。